CN108500024B - Device for accelerating methanation of landfill garbage - Google Patents

Device for accelerating methanation of landfill garbage Download PDF

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CN108500024B
CN108500024B CN201810236853.3A CN201810236853A CN108500024B CN 108500024 B CN108500024 B CN 108500024B CN 201810236853 A CN201810236853 A CN 201810236853A CN 108500024 B CN108500024 B CN 108500024B
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reaction device
mineralized
garbage
landfill
refuse
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CN108500024A (en
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孙晓杰
闪慧君
薛晨楠
成兆文
张红霞
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Guilin University of Technology
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    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B1/00Dumping solid waste
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Abstract

The invention discloses a device for accelerating methanation of landfill garbage. The device comprises a fresh garbage landfill device and a mineralized garbage reaction device, wherein aeration amount and operation parameters are set through adjustment, the fresh garbage landfill device is an anaerobic denitrification reaction device, and the mineralized garbage reaction device is a synchronous nitrification denitrification reaction device. Garbage leachate generated by a fresh garbage landfill device enters a mineralized garbage reaction device to be subjected to synchronous nitrification and denitrification treatment, so that the concentration of nitrate nitrogen is reduced on the basis of ensuring the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen; the low-concentration nitrate nitrogen outlet water of the mineralized refuse reaction device enters the fresh refuse landfill device again to reduce the inhibition on methanogenic bacteria, so that the ectopic synchronous nitrification and denitrification in-situ denitrification bioreactor landfill device is formed, and the aim of accelerating methanation of landfill refuse is fulfilled.

Description

Device for accelerating methanation of landfill garbage
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection and new energy, and particularly relates to a device for accelerating methanation of landfill garbage.
Background
The sanitary landfill is one of the main methods for treating domestic garbage in China. However, the traditional sanitary landfill technology has the problems of long time for stabilizing the garbage, complex and difficult treatment of percolate components, low landfill gas yield, difficult recycling and the like. Aiming at the problems of the traditional sanitary landfill, in the 20 th century and 70 th century, a bioreactor landfill technology taking percolate recharging as a main control measure is produced. The bioreactor landfill mainly comprises several types, such as a recharge type, a two-phase type, a denitrification type and the like. Wherein the denitrification bioreactor landfill technology is concerned in the fields of domestic garbage landfill and leachate treatment because the problem of overhigh ammonia nitrogen concentration of leachate can be solved from the source.
Compared with the prior art, the heterotopic nitrification and in-situ denitrification type bioreactor landfill technology firstly treats the percolate, converts ammonia nitrogen in the percolate into nitrate nitrogen, and then converts the nitrate nitrogen into gaseous nitrogen by utilizing the anaerobic environment and microorganisms of a landfill. However, researchers have also found that recharging the nitrified leachate to a fresh landfill produces better denitrification, but at the same time the nitrate inhibits methane production.
The main reason for the inhibition of the methanation process is that nitrate has an effect on the activity of the methanogenic microorganisms. During the denitrification process, due to the competition of nitrate for molecular hydrogen, the over-high nitrate concentration can inhibit the methane production process from going smoothly.
Therefore, for the ex-situ nitrification and in-situ denitrification type bioreactor landfill technology, the concentration of nitrogen in the recharge nitrate must be reduced to promote the waste methanation in the in-situ denitrification stage and accelerate the waste stabilization. According to the classical biological denitrification theory, in the nitrification stage of converting ammonia nitrogen into nitrate, the reduction of the nitrate is bound to reduce the ammonia nitrogen removal rate, thereby leading to the reduction of the total nitrogen removal rate of the system. Therefore, the key problems to be solved are to ensure the ammonia nitrogen removal rate in the ectopic nitrification stage and to reduce the nitrate concentration of the leachate which is fed back to the in-situ denitrification stage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to effectively remove ammonia nitrogen so as to ensure the total nitrogen removal effect, reduce the nitrate nitrogen concentration fed back to a fresh garbage reactor, and reduce the inhibition on methanogens to the maximum extent, thereby providing a device for accelerating methanation of landfill garbage.
The invention is realized by the following steps: a device for accelerating methanation of landfill garbage comprises a fresh garbage landfill device and a mineralized garbage reaction device, wherein the fresh garbage landfill device is an anaerobic denitrification reaction device, and the mineralized garbage reaction device is a synchronous nitrification denitrification reaction device.
The top of the fresh garbage landfill device is provided with a water inlet and a gas extraction valve, and a flange connection mode with a rubber pad is adopted between the top cover and the column body for sealing; after entering, the percolate is distributed by a liquid distributor in a uniform-speed rotating way and sequentially flows through an upper gravel layer, a domestic garbage layer and a lower gravel layer; the upper gravel layer has the functions of buffering and water distribution again; the lower gravel layer is arranged into a structure with the particle size being thin at the top and thick at the bottom, so as to play a role in supporting garbage and collecting percolate, and the generated percolate flows out from a water outlet at the bottom, is collected in a water storage tank and is pumped to a water inlet of the mineralized garbage reaction device by a water pump; the fresh refuse landfill device unilateral is equipped with upper, middle, three solid sampling holes down equidistance.
The mineralized refuse reaction device comprises a reaction device main body, a ventilation pipe, a gas flowmeter, an air pump and a control box, wherein the side surface of the mineralized refuse reaction device is uniformly provided with an upper solid sampling hole, a middle solid sampling hole and a lower solid sampling hole, the bottom of the mineralized refuse reaction device is provided with a water outlet and an aeration pipe, the aeration pipe is connected with the gas flowmeter, the gas flowmeter is connected to the air pump, and the air pump is connected with the control; the center of the aeration pipe is provided with a ventilation pipe, the top of the ventilation pipe is sealed, the pipe wall of the ventilation pipe is perforated, the lower part of the ventilation pipe is connected with the aeration pipe, and the outside of the ventilation pipe is wrapped with a gauze; a funnel is covered on the top of the mineralized refuse reaction device, a valve is arranged between the funnel and the cover, and a PVC plate with uniformly distributed holes is added at the bottom of the cover; the mineralized refuse reaction device is filled with an upper gravel layer, a mineralized refuse layer and an inclined gravel layer, the inclined gravel layer is supported by an inclined plate with uniformly distributed holes, the inclined gravel layer plays a role in supporting refuse and collecting percolate, and the produced percolate flows out from a water outlet at the bottom, is collected in a water storage tank and is pumped to a water inlet of the fresh refuse landfill device by a water pump; the three temperature probes are uniformly embedded into the mineralized refuse layer.
The aeration rate of the mineralized refuse reaction device is controlled to be 0.09-1.88 m3/(m3D), the aeration position is arranged at the bottom of the mineralized refuse reaction device, and the water inlet load is 35-50L/(m)3D), the water inlet frequency is 1 time/d, and the particle size of the mineralized waste in the mineralized waste layer is 4-10 mm, so that the synchronous nitrification and denitrification reaction is realized; the fresh garbage burying device is a fully-sealed denitrification reaction device.
The device of the invention has the advantages that:
aiming at the problems that the concentration of nitrate in the heterotopic nitrification stage is too high and the methanation process of garbage in the in-situ denitrification stage is inhibited in the landfill process of the heterotopic nitrification in-situ denitrification bioreactor, and the contradiction between reducing the nitrate and improving the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen in the nitrification stage of the classical biological denitrification technology, the device controls the heterotopic nitrification reactor into a synchronous nitrification denitrification reactor by adjusting aeration quantity and operation parameters, remarkably improves the denitrification (reducing the concentration of nitrate) effect of nitrate while ensuring the high-efficiency nitrification of ammonia nitrogen (ensuring the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen) in one reactor, and recharges low-concentration nitrate nitrogen leachate into the in-situ denitrification reactor, thereby reducing the inhibition effect on methanogens and accelerating the methanation of the landfill garbage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.
The labels in the figure are: 1, 10-water inlet; 2-gas production valve; 3, 11-liquid distributor; 4, 12-upper gravel layer; 5, 13-solid sample well; 14-a vent tube; 6-lower gravel layer; 15-a sloping gravel layer; 7, 18-water outlet; 8, 19-a water storage tank; 9, 20-water pump; 16-an air pump; 17-a gas flow meter; c-fresh refuse landfill device C; a-a fresh refuse landfill device A; d-mineralized refuse reaction device D; b-mineralized refuse reaction device B.
Detailed Description
Example (b):
(1) constructing a device for accelerating methanation of landfill garbage, which comprises a fresh garbage landfill device C and a mineralized garbage reaction device D, wherein the fresh garbage landfill device C and the mineralized garbage reaction device D form an ectopic synchronous nitrification-denitrification in-situ denitrification integrated device; the fresh garbage landfill device C adopts a stainless steel cylinder, the height of the cylinder is 65 cm, and the diameter of the cylinder is 34 cm. The top of the column is provided with a water inlet 1 and a gas production valve 2, and the top cover and the column body are sealed in a flange connection mode with a rubber pad. After entering, the percolate is distributed by the liquid distributor 3 in a uniform rotation way and flows through an upper gravel layer 4 (5 cm), a domestic garbage layer (40 cm) and a lower gravel layer 6 (5 cm) in sequence. The upper gravel layer 4 has the functions of buffering and water distribution again; the lower gravel layer 6 is arranged in a structure with the grain diameter being fine at the top and coarse at the bottom, and plays a role in bearing garbage and collecting percolate. The generated percolate flows out (1 time/D) from a water outlet 7 at the bottom, is collected in a water storage tank 8 and is pumped to a water inlet 10 of a mineralized refuse reaction device D through a water pump 9. An upper solid sampling hole, a middle solid sampling hole and a lower solid sampling hole 5 are arranged on one side of the fresh refuse landfill device C at equal intervals; the mineralized refuse reaction device D comprises a reaction device main body, a ventilation pipe 14, a gas flowmeter 17, a gas pump 16 and a control box. The mineralized refuse reaction device D is characterized in that three solid sampling ports 13 are uniformly arranged on the side surface of the mineralized refuse reaction device D, a water outlet 18 and an aeration pipe are arranged at the bottom of the mineralized refuse reaction device D, the aeration pipe is connected with a gas flowmeter 17, the gas flowmeter 17 is connected with a gas pump 16, and the gas pump 16 is connected with a control box; the center is provided with a ventilation pipe 14, the top of the ventilation pipe is sealed, the pipe wall of the ventilation pipe is perforated, the lower part of the ventilation pipe is connected with an aeration pipe, and the outside of the ventilation pipe 14 is wrapped with a gauze; a funnel is arranged on the top of the mineralized garbage reaction device D, a valve is arranged between the funnel and the cover, and a PVC plate with uniformly distributed holes is arranged at the bottom of the cover; the mineralized refuse reaction device D is filled with an upper gravel layer 12, a mineralized refuse layer and an inclined gravel layer 15, the inclined gravel layer 15 is supported by an inclined plate with uniformly distributed holes, the inclined gravel layer 15 plays a role of supporting refuse and collecting percolate, and the produced percolate flows out from a bottom water outlet 18, is collected in a water storage tank 19 and is pumped to a water inlet 1 of the fresh refuse landfill device C through a water pump 20; the three temperature probes are uniformly embedded into the mineralized refuse layer.
The mineralized refuse is taken from a flushing refuse landfill in Guilin city, and the fresh refuse is taken from a refuse transfer station in Yanlin city, wild goose, town and town.
The mineralized refuse is mineralized refuse with 10-year landfill age, is transported back to a laboratory from a landfill site, is sieved by a sieve to obtain particles with the particle size of 4-10 mm, and is filled into a mineralized refuse reaction device D, wherein the filling density is 740 kg/m3. The physical appearance of the mineralized refuse is shown as follows: similar to soil, and has no peculiar smell.
(2) According to the operation parameters of the device set according to actual needs, the garbage percolate is poured through the funnel, a valve between the funnel and the cover is closed after water enters, the percolate after reaction in the device in the previous day is discharged before the percolate enters every day, and then the water outlet valve is closed immediately. The concentration change of each pollutant in the effluent leachate is measured once a week during the test.
The total water inlet load of the device of the embodiment is 35-50L/(m)3D), the water inlet frequency is 1/d. The fresh refuse landfill device C adopts a sealing type. The mineralized refuse reaction device D adopts intermittent aeration at the bottom of the reactor, wherein the aeration is carried out for 3-5 hours every day, and the aeration rate is 0.09-1.88 m3/(m3D) the adjustment of the operational process parameters of the mineralized refuse reactor D is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 adjustment of parameters of mineralized refuse reactor during operation
Figure 738476DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Comparative example:
(1) a contrast device is constructed and comprises a fresh garbage landfill device A and a mineralized garbage reaction device B, wherein the fresh garbage landfill device A is a stainless steel cylinder, the height of the cylinder is 65 cm, and the diameter of the cylinder is 34 cm. The top of the column is provided with a water inlet 1 and a gas production valve 2, and the top cover and the column body are sealed in a flange connection mode with a rubber pad. After entering, the percolate is distributed by the liquid distributor 3 in a uniform rotation way and flows through an upper gravel layer 4 (5 cm), a domestic garbage layer (40 cm) and a lower gravel layer 6 (5 cm) in sequence. The upper gravel layer 4 has the functions of buffering and water distribution again; the lower gravel layer 6 is arranged in a structure with the grain diameter being fine at the top and coarse at the bottom, and plays a role in bearing garbage and collecting percolate. The generated percolate flows out (1 time/d) from a water outlet 7 at the bottom, is collected in a water storage tank 8 and is pumped to a water inlet 10 of the mineralized refuse reaction device B by a water pump 9. An upper solid sampling hole, a middle solid sampling hole and a lower solid sampling hole 5 are arranged on one side of the A at equal intervals; the mineralized refuse reaction device B comprises a reaction device main body, a ventilation pipe 14, a gas flowmeter 17, a gas pump 16 and a control box. The mineralized refuse reaction device B is uniformly provided with three solid sampling ports 13 on the side surface, the bottom of the mineralized refuse reaction device B is provided with a water outlet 18 and an aeration pipe, the aeration pipe is connected with a gas flowmeter 17, the gas flowmeter 17 is connected with a gas pump 16, and the gas pump 16 is connected with a control box; the center is provided with a ventilation pipe 14, the top of the ventilation pipe is sealed, the pipe wall of the ventilation pipe is perforated, the lower part of the ventilation pipe is connected with an aeration pipe, and the outside of the ventilation pipe 14 is wrapped with a gauze; a funnel is arranged on the top of the mineralized refuse reaction device B, a valve is arranged between the funnel and the cover, and a PVC plate with uniformly distributed holes is arranged at the bottom of the cover; the mineralized refuse reaction device B is filled with an upper gravel layer 12, a mineralized refuse layer and an inclined gravel layer 15, the inclined gravel layer 15 is supported by an inclined plate with uniformly distributed holes, the inclined gravel layer 15 plays a role of supporting refuse and collecting percolate, and the produced percolate flows out from a bottom water outlet 18, is collected in a water storage tank 19 and is pumped to a water inlet 1 of the fresh refuse landfill device A through a water pump 20; the three temperature probes are uniformly embedded into the mineralized refuse layer.
The mineralized refuse is taken from a flushing refuse landfill in Guilin city, and the fresh refuse is taken from a refuse transfer station in Yanlin city, wild goose, town and town.
The mineralized refuse is mineralized refuse with 10-year landfill age, is transported back to a laboratory from a landfill site, is sieved by a sieve to obtain particles with the particle size of 4-10 mm, and is filled into a mineralized refuse reaction device B, wherein the filling density is 740 kg/m3. The physical appearance of the mineralized refuse is shown as follows: similar to soil, and has no peculiar smell.
(2) According to the operation parameters of the device set according to actual needs, the garbage percolate is poured through the funnel, a valve between the funnel and the cover is closed after water enters, the percolate after reaction in the device in the previous day is discharged before the percolate enters every day, and then the water outlet valve is closed immediately. The concentration change of each pollutant in the effluent leachate is measured once a week during the test.
The total water inlet load of the device of the embodiment is 35-50L/(m)3D), the water inlet frequency is 1/d. The fresh refuse landfill device A adopts a sealing type. Mineralized refuse reaction device B controls aeration load to be 6.03 m3/(m3D) 24 h aeration to form an aerobic nitrification environment.
The test runs for 30 weeks, and the result shows that the methane production effect of the C + D integrated device is superior to that of the A + B integrated device. Lag time for methanogenesis (CH)4Up to 5%) for 11 and 15 weeks, respectively; methanation stabilization time (CH) of C + D integrated device4From 5% up to 50%) for 7 weeks, and methane concentration reached a maximum of 54.4% at week 19; the methane content of the integrated a + B unit was always below 50%, and the methane concentration reached a maximum of 44.9% at week 20. The ectopic synchronous nitrification and denitrification in-situ denitrification integrated device can accelerate the methanation process of the garbage and improve the methane content of the landfill gas.

Claims (1)

1. The utility model provides a device of landfill rubbish methanation which characterized in that with higher speed: the device comprises a fresh garbage landfill device (C) and a mineralized garbage reaction device (D), wherein the fresh garbage landfill device (C) is an anaerobic denitrification reaction device, and the mineralized garbage reaction device (D) is a synchronous nitrification denitrification reaction device;
the top of the fresh garbage landfill device (C) is provided with a water inlet (1) and a gas production valve (2), and a flange connection mode with a rubber pad is adopted between the top cover and the column body for sealing; after entering, the percolate is distributed by a liquid distributor (3) in a constant-speed rotating way and flows through an upper gravel layer (4), a domestic garbage layer and a lower gravel layer (6) in sequence; the upper gravel layer (4) has the functions of buffering and water distribution again; the lower gravel layer (6) is arranged into a structure with the particle size being thin at the top and thick at the bottom, and plays a role in supporting garbage and collecting percolate, and the generated percolate flows out from a water outlet (7) at the bottom, is collected in a water storage tank (8), and is pumped to a water inlet of the mineralized garbage reaction device (D) through a water pump (9); an upper solid sampling hole, a middle solid sampling hole and a lower solid sampling hole (5) are arranged on one side of the fresh garbage landfill device (C) at equal intervals;
the mineralized refuse reaction device (D) comprises a reaction device main body, a ventilation pipe (14), a gas flowmeter (17), an air pump (16) and a control box, wherein the side surface of the mineralized refuse reaction device (D) is uniformly provided with an upper solid sampling hole, a middle solid sampling hole and a lower solid sampling hole (13), the bottom of the mineralized refuse reaction device (D) is provided with a water outlet (18) and an aeration pipe, the aeration pipe is connected with the gas flowmeter (17), the gas flowmeter (17) is connected to the air pump (16), and the air pump (16) is connected; a ventilation pipe (14) is arranged in the center, the top of the ventilation pipe (14) is sealed, the pipe wall is perforated, the lower part of the ventilation pipe is connected with an aeration pipe, and a gauze is wrapped outside the ventilation pipe (14); the top of the mineralized refuse reaction device (D) is covered with a funnel, a valve is arranged between the funnel and the cover, and the bottom of the cover is added with a PVC plate with uniformly distributed holes; the mineralized refuse reaction device (D) is filled with an upper gravel layer (12), a mineralized refuse layer and an inclined gravel layer (15), the inclined gravel layer (15) is supported by inclined plates with uniformly distributed holes, the inclined gravel layer (15) plays a role in supporting refuse and collecting percolate, and the generated percolate flows out from a bottom water outlet (18), is collected in a water storage tank (19) and is pumped to a water inlet (1) of a fresh refuse landfill device (C) by a water pump (20); the three temperature probes are uniformly embedded into the mineralized refuse layer;
the aeration rate of the mineralized refuse reaction device (D) is controlled to be 0.09-1.88 m3/(m3D) the aeration position is arranged at the bottom of the mineralized refuse reaction device (D), and the water inlet load is 35-50L/(m)3D), the water inlet frequency is 1 time/d, and the particle size of the mineralized waste in the mineralized waste layer is 4-10 mm, so that the synchronous nitrification and denitrification reaction is realized; the fresh garbage landfill device (C) is a fully-sealed denitrification reaction device.
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CN110655188B (en) * 2019-10-11 2020-08-11 重庆大学 Domestic garbage leachate and landfill gas cooperative treatment device and method thereof
CN114602924A (en) * 2022-03-10 2022-06-10 中国海洋大学 Device for stabilizing landfill garbage with accelerated recharge of advanced treatment leachate

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CN1562509A (en) * 2004-04-08 2005-01-12 同济大学 Technique for processing drainback of percolating water from landfill utilizing fresh garbage as drainback unit
CN1562508A (en) * 2004-04-08 2005-01-12 同济大学 New technique of prepositive replenishment treatment of denitrification denitrfication for preoclating water in two-stage mineralization garbage
CN101249988B (en) * 2008-03-27 2011-08-10 清华大学 Method for processing landfill leachate and special device thereof
CN101269856B (en) * 2008-03-27 2011-04-27 清华大学 Method and special apparatus for refuse leachate disposal
CN102285741A (en) * 2011-04-15 2011-12-21 桂林理工大学 Anaerobic leachate zero-emission recharging method capable of accelerating stabilization of fresh refuse
CN103466796B (en) * 2013-09-27 2015-01-21 桂林理工大学 Method for carrying out synchronous nitrification treatment and denitrification treatment on percolate by using mineralized refuse reaction bed
CN105036490B (en) * 2015-08-27 2017-04-12 桂林理工大学 Method for removing nitrogen through treating refuse leachate by using two-stage feedwater mineralized refuse reactor
CN206814487U (en) * 2017-06-22 2017-12-29 衢州峥嵘环保科技有限公司 A kind of device for cooperateing with processing rubbish and percolate

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