CN108493485A - A kind of preparation method of high power capacity high safety solid state lithium battery - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of high power capacity high safety solid state lithium battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108493485A
CN108493485A CN201810272524.4A CN201810272524A CN108493485A CN 108493485 A CN108493485 A CN 108493485A CN 201810272524 A CN201810272524 A CN 201810272524A CN 108493485 A CN108493485 A CN 108493485A
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liquid metal
lithium battery
solid state
power capacity
battery
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CN201810272524.4A
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曹元成
程时杰
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Wuhan New Energy Research Institute Co Ltd
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Wuhan New Energy Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058Construction or manufacture
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of high power capacity high safety solid state lithium battery, are prepared by electrolyte of solid electrolyte as negative electrode active material using liquid metal compound made of liquid metal nano particle, carbon nanotube and graphene.The negative electrode active material of the solid state lithium battery of the present invention uses liquid metal, carbon nanotube and graphene, and liquid metal tin and gallium possess high-energy density, can provide high power capacity for solid lithium ion battery, are the ideal materials of high-energy-density lithium battery;Construction three-dimensional framework makes lithium battery have higher ionic conductivity after carbon nanotube and graphene is added, and it is complicated, there is good mechanical performance, the Li dendrite that negative metal lithium surface can be inhibited to be formed, the security performance for improving battery, increases the cycle life and stability of battery;Using solid electrolyte, can high degree reduction interface resistance.

Description

A kind of preparation method of high power capacity high safety solid state lithium battery
Technical field
The invention belongs to green energy-storing technical fields, and in particular to a kind of preparation side of high power capacity high safety solid state lithium battery Method.
Background technology
In in the past few decades, with the development of the times, on an electronic device increasingly for the requirement of energy density It is high.Lithium ion battery becomes most perspective electric energy energy storage device because having high-conversion rate and environmental-friendly performance, separately exists Electric vehicle, small-sized transmission facility and Portable movable energy storing devices lithium ion battery also have great development prospect.However, The energy density of lithium ion battery still remains mismatch in volume and gravity;For the equipment for having battery requirements, most What it is with challenge is the high-energy density of electrode material, e.g., the decaying of capacity, stability of circulating battery etc..
Invention content
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of high power capacity high safety solid state lithium battery, with Overcome above-mentioned deficiency in the prior art.
The technical solution that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem is as follows:
A kind of preparation method of high power capacity high safety solid state lithium battery, with liquid metal nano particle, carbon nanotube and stone Liquid metal compound made of black alkene is negative electrode active material, is prepared by electrolyte of solid electrolyte.
Further:The preparation method of the liquid metal compound is:
Step S1:It is 22 in mass ratio:3 weigh liquid metals tin and liquid metals gallium, and degassed ethanol is added thereto Mercaptan solvent, ultrasonotomography, is made liquid metal nano particle later;
Step S2:The liquid metal nano particle and carbon nanotube are added to formation mixture I in absolute ethyl alcohol, then The graphene being dissolved in ethyl alcohol is added to formation mixture II in the mixture I, the mixture II is placed in reaction kettle Middle reaction 5-7h reacts 3-5h at a temperature of 900 DEG C later, is that synthesizing liquid metal is multiple after its cooled to room temperature Close object.
Further:Ultrasonotomography is implemented as described in the step S1:The ultrasound 1h in 50 DEG C of environment.
Further:In the step S2 before adding graphene into the mixture I, to I ultrasound of the mixture 1h。
The advantageous effect of above-mentioned further scheme is:It can get more uniform suspension.
Further:Using before carbon nanotube in the step S2, using 2.6mol/L nitric acid to carbon nanotube into Row reflow treatment.
The advantageous effect of above-mentioned further scheme is:Carbon nanotube can be purified.
Further:The negative plate of the solid state lithium battery is with mass ratio for 8:1:1 liquid metal compound, acetylene black and PVDF is prepared.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:1, negative electrode active material uses liquid metal, carbon nanotube and graphene, liquid gold Belong to tin and gallium possesses high-energy density, high power capacity can be provided for solid lithium ion battery, be the ideal of high-energy-density lithium battery Material;Three-dimensional framework is constructed after carbon nanotube and graphene is added, can effectively fix liquid metal nanoparticle, forms 3D Spacial framework provides express passway for the migration of lithium ion, so that lithium battery is had higher ionic conductivity, and structure is multiple It is miscellaneous, there is good mechanical performance, the migration of lithium ion in secondary lithium battery can be improved and inhibit negative metal lithium The Li dendrite that surface is formed, improves the security performance of battery;The excellent self-healing ability of liquid metal tin and gallium makes electricity simultaneously Pond is damaged smaller during high rate charge-discharge, increases the cycle life and stability of battery;2, using solid state electrolysis Matter with replace diaphragm and liquid electrolyte, because the compatibility of solid electrolyte and cathode is good, can high degree reduction interface electricity Resistance, reduces the in-fighting of battery;Another solid electrolyte can avoid the infiltration and loss of liquid electrolyte, thus have higher finished product Rate reduces production cost;Make the battery prepared that there is higher energy density and cycle life using solid electrolyte simultaneously; The electrochemical window mouth width of another solid electrolyte, up to 5V disclosure satisfy that the battery applications of some high voltage systems, can meet more The requirement more applied.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of liquid metal and solid electrolyte all-solid lithium-ion battery;
Fig. 2 is that the SEM of liquid metal nano particle schemes;
Fig. 3 a are SEM figure of the liquid metal cathode composite between charge-discharge test;
Fig. 3 b are that liquid metal cathode composite completes the SEM figures after charge-discharge test;
Fig. 3 c are the SEM figures after liquid metal compound completes charge-discharge test and stands a period of time;
Fig. 4 is the SEM figures for the 3d space structure that liquid metal nano particle, carbon nanotube and graphene are constituted;
Fig. 5 is cyclic voltammogram of the liquid metal compound before and after charge and discharge;
Fig. 6 a are a kind of specific volume spirogram of the liquid metal compound in high power capacity high safety solid state lithium battery;
Fig. 6 b are the high rate performance and cyclicity of the liquid metal compound in a kind of high power capacity high safety solid state lithium battery It can figure;
Fig. 6 c are the high rate performance and cycle performance figure of the graphene in a kind of high power capacity high safety solid state lithium battery;
Fig. 6 d are the high rate performance and cycle performance figure of the carbon nanotube in a kind of high power capacity high safety solid state lithium battery;
Fig. 7 is the AC impedance figure after liquid metal compound and solid electrolyte assembled battery.
Specific implementation mode
The principle and features of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, and It is non-to be used to limit the scope of the present invention.
A kind of preparation method of high power capacity high safety solid state lithium battery, with liquid metal nano particle, carbon nanotube and stone Liquid metal compound made of black alkene is negative electrode active material, is prepared by electrolyte of solid electrolyte.It is specific to prepare Process and solid-state battery structure schematic diagram are as shown in Figure 1.
Further:The preparation method of the liquid metal compound is:
Step S1:It is 22 in mass ratio:3 weigh liquid metals tin and liquid metals gallium, and degassed ethanol is added thereto Mercaptan solvent, ultrasonotomography, is made liquid metal nano particle later;Here degassed ethanol mercaptan refers to the second for removing oxygen Alcohol mercaptan drives the oxygen wherein dissolved generally by inert gas such as argon gas, nitrogen etc. is passed through into solution;
Step S2:The liquid metal nano particle and carbon nanotube are added to formation mixture I in absolute ethyl alcohol, then The graphene being dissolved in ethyl alcohol is added to formation mixture II in the mixture I, the mixture II is placed in reaction kettle Middle reaction 5-7h reacts 3-5h at a temperature of 900 DEG C later, is that synthesizing liquid metal is multiple after its cooled to room temperature Close object.Here graphene is prepared by reducing agent redox graphene, has good dispersibility.
Further:Ultrasonotomography is implemented as described in the step S1:The ultrasound 1h in 50 DEG C of environment.
Further:In the step S2 before adding graphene into the mixture I, to I ultrasound of the mixture 1h。
The advantageous effect of above-mentioned further scheme is:It can get more uniform suspension.
Further:Using before carbon nanotube in the step S2, using 2.6mol/L nitric acid to carbon nanotube into Row reflow treatment.
The advantageous effect of above-mentioned further scheme is:Carbon nanotube can be purified.
Further:The negative plate of the solid state lithium battery is with mass ratio for 8:1:1 liquid metal compound, acetylene black and PVDF is prepared.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:1, negative electrode active material uses liquid metal, carbon nanotube and graphene, liquid gold Belong to tin and gallium possesses high-energy density, high power capacity can be provided for solid lithium ion battery, be the ideal of high-energy-density lithium battery Material;Three-dimensional framework is constructed after carbon nanotube and graphene is added, can effectively fix liquid metal nanoparticle, forms 3D Spacial framework provides express passway for the migration of lithium ion, so that lithium battery is had higher ionic conductivity, and structure is multiple It is miscellaneous, there is good mechanical performance, the migration of lithium ion in secondary lithium battery can be improved and inhibit negative metal lithium The Li dendrite that surface is formed, improves the security performance of battery;The excellent self-healing ability of liquid metal tin and gallium makes electricity simultaneously Pond is damaged smaller during high rate charge-discharge, increases the cycle life and stability of battery;2, using solid state electrolysis Matter with replace diaphragm and liquid electrolyte, because the compatibility of solid electrolyte and cathode is good, can high degree reduction interface electricity Resistance, reduces the in-fighting of battery;Another solid electrolyte can avoid the infiltration and loss of liquid electrolyte, thus have higher finished product Rate reduces production cost;Make the battery prepared that there is higher energy density and cycle life using solid electrolyte simultaneously; The electrochemical window mouth width of another solid electrolyte, up to 5V disclosure satisfy that the battery applications of some high voltage systems, can meet more The requirement more applied.
Embodiment one, according to mass ratio 22:3 weigh liquid metal tin and liquid metal gallium in Ai Pengdao bottles, then add Enter 1mmol/L degassed ethanols mercaptan as solvent, the ultrasound 1h at 50 DEG C, forms liquid metal nano particle, such as Fig. 2 institutes later Show, prepared liquid metal particle is well dispersed, and particle size is uniform, can meet cell active materials requirement;
The carbon nanotube of the liquid metal nano particle of 60mg and 12mg is added to shape in the absolute ethyl alcohol of 0.5mL Resulting mixture I;It is 1 hour ultrasonic to mixture I in order to obtain more uniform suspension;It is simultaneously the carbon for obtaining purer, Before using carbon nanotube, the nitric acid of 2.6mol/L is first used to carry out reflow treatment to carbon nanotube;Mixture I is used later Deionized water is cleaned repeatedly, and then the graphene of 4mg is dissolved in the ethyl alcohol of 2wt%, and 2wt% refers to mass percent and is 2%, and it is added to formation mixture II in mixture I;It is 10 minutes ultrasonic to mixture II, it is then sealed against in pyroreaction 6h is reacted in kettle at a temperature of 160 DEG C, reacts 4h at a temperature of 900 DEG C later, after its cooled to room temperature i.e. Synthesizing liquid metal composite.Electronic scanner microscope observation is carried out to liquid metal compound, the results are shown in Figure 4, explanation Product is dispersed in carbon material, and uniformity is fine.
Using liquid metal compound as negative electrode active material, with mass ratio for 8:1:1 liquid metal compound, acetylene black It, using electrolytic salt and organic solvent as electrolyte, is negative with lithium piece to make negative plate using solid electrolyte as electrolyte with PVDF Pole is assembled into the button cell of CR2032 formulas in the glove box full of argon gas;Wherein, the organic solvent is:Volume ratio is 1: The mixed solution of 1 EC and DMC;The electrolytic salt is the LiPF of 1mol/L6;Solid electrolyte is oxide, solid state electrolysis Matter can also be sulfide or ceramic-like;Here solid electrolyte is directly used, active matter is can avoid and is lost in the curing process.
Assembled battery is placed on electrochemical workstation and blue electric battery test system, fast progress is swept with 1mV/s Ac impedance measurement and cyclic voltammetry.As shown in fig. 7, the boundary of liquid metal compound and the battery of solid electrolyte assembling Face impedance is very small, and compatibility is good between active material and electrode.As shown in figure 5, liquid metal compound and solid state electrolysis The stable electrochemical property of battery active material before and after cycle of matter assembling.
Simultaneously constant-current discharge test is carried out on blue electric battery test system;As shown in Figure 3a, liquid metal particle is filling The electric smooth no groove crack of front surface;As shown in Figure 3b, its rough surface is covered with gully after charging;As shown in Figure 3c, after electric discharge Its surface recovery is smooth;Test result shows that the active material has good embedding lithium performance, and repeatability is good.
As shown in Figure 6 a, the specific capacity of the liquid metal compound in the battery of preparation reaches 780mAh/g, voltage platform Between 2.0-3.2V;As shown in Figure 6 b, the multiplying power of the liquid metal compound in the battery of preparation is in 0.2A/g to 2A/g electricity Cycle performance is good under the conditions of current density;As fig. 6 c, the specific capacity of the graphene in the battery of preparation is in 0.2A/g to 2A/ It is 250mAh/g under g current density conditions, cycle performance is good;As shown in fig 6d, the ratio of the carbon nanotube in the battery of preparation Capacity is 250mAh/g under 0.2A/g to 2A/g current density conditions, and cycle performance is good.
Embodiment two, according to mass ratio 22:3 weigh liquid metal tin and liquid metal gallium in Ai Pengdao bottles, then add Enter 1mmol/L degassed ethanols mercaptan as solvent, the ultrasound 1h at 50 DEG C, forms liquid metal nano particle later;
The carbon nanotube of the liquid metal nano particle of 60mg and 12mg is added to shape in the absolute ethyl alcohol of 0.5mL Resulting mixture I;It is 1 hour ultrasonic to mixture I in order to obtain more uniform suspension;It is simultaneously the carbon for obtaining purer, Before using carbon nanotube, the nitric acid of 2.6mol/L is first used to carry out reflow treatment to carbon nanotube;Mixture I is used later Deionized water is cleaned repeatedly, and then the graphene of 4mg is dissolved in the ethyl alcohol of 2wt%, and is added in mixture I and is formed Mixture II;It is 10 minutes ultrasonic to mixture II, it is then sealed against in pyroreaction kettle reacting at a temperature of 160 DEG C 6h reacts 4h at a temperature of 900 DEG C later, is synthesizing liquid metal composite after its cooled to room temperature.To liquid State metal composite carries out electronic scanner microscope observation, and the results are shown in Figure 4, illustrates that product is dispersed in carbon material, uniformly Property is fine.
Using liquid metal compound as negative electrode active material, with mass ratio for 20:2:1:1 liquid metal compound, second Acetylene black, CMC and SBR make negative plate, are cathode full of argon gas using lithium piece using electrolytic salt and organic solvent as electrolyte The button cell of CR2032 formulas is assembled into glove box;Wherein, the organic solvent is:Volume ratio is 1:1 EC's and DMC is mixed Close solution;The electrolytic salt is the LiPF of 1mol/L6
Assembled battery is placed on electrochemical workstation and blue electric battery test system, fast progress is swept with 1mV/s Ac impedance measurement and cyclic voltammetry.Simultaneously constant-current discharge test is carried out on blue electric battery test system.
Embodiment three, with carbon nanotube be anode, using electrolytic salt and organic solvent as electrolyte, exist by cathode of lithium piece The button cell of CR2032 formulas is assembled into glove box full of argon gas;Wherein, the organic solvent is:Volume ratio is 1:1 The mixed solution of EC and DMC;The electrolytic salt is the LiPF of 1mol/L6
Assembled battery is placed on electrochemical workstation and blue electric battery test system, fast progress is swept with 1mV/s Ac impedance measurement, while carrying out constant-current discharge test on blue electric battery test system.
Example IV, with reduction-oxidation graphite be anode, be negative with lithium piece using electrolytic salt and organic solvent as electrolyte Pole is assembled into the button cell of CR2032 formulas in the glove box full of argon gas;Wherein, the organic solvent is:Volume ratio is 1: The mixed solution of 1 EC and DMC;The electrolytic salt is the LiPF of 1mol/L6
Assembled battery is placed on electrochemical workstation and blue electric battery test system, fast progress is swept with 1mV/s Ac impedance measurement and cyclic voltammetry while the progress constant-current discharge test on blue electric battery test system.
Embodiment one and embodiment two, embodiment three, example IV difference lies in:Embodiment one is successfully prepared liquid Metal composite and solid electrolyte lithium battery possess high-energy density and good mechanical performance and ionic conductivity, and It can apply to energy storage.It is used as the electrolyte of secondary lithium battery by the way that solid electrolyte is added, is assembled into battery and carries out constant current Discharge test, the results showed that liquid metal compound and the battery of solid electrolyte its energy density highest is added.
The foregoing is merely a prefered embodiment of the invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in the spirit and principles in the present invention Within, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of preparation method of high power capacity high safety solid state lithium battery, it is characterised in that:It is received with liquid metal nano particle, carbon Liquid metal compound made of mitron and graphene is negative electrode active material, is prepared by electrolyte of solid electrolyte.
2. a kind of preparation method of high power capacity high safety solid state lithium battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The liquid The preparation method of state metal composite is:
Step S1:It is 22 in mass ratio:3 weigh liquid metals tin and liquid metals gallium, and degassed ethanol mercaptan is added thereto Solvent, ultrasonotomography, is made liquid metal nano particle later;
Step S2:The liquid metal nano particle and carbon nanotube are added to formation mixture I in absolute ethyl alcohol, then will be molten Graphene in ethyl alcohol is added to formation mixture II in the mixture I, and the mixture II is placed in reaction kettle instead 5-7h is answered, reacts 3-5h at a temperature of 900 DEG C later, is synthesizing liquid metal composite after its cooled to room temperature Object.
3. a kind of preparation method of high power capacity high safety solid state lithium battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step Ultrasonotomography is implemented as described in rapid S1:The ultrasound 1h in 50 DEG C of environment.
4. a kind of preparation method of high power capacity high safety solid state lithium battery according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The step In rapid S2 before adding graphene into the mixture I, to I ultrasound 1h of the mixture.
5. a kind of preparation method of high power capacity high safety solid state lithium battery according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The step In rapid S2 before using carbon nanotube, reflow treatment is carried out to carbon nanotube using the nitric acid of 2.6mol/L.
6. a kind of preparation method of high power capacity high safety solid state lithium battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described solid The negative plate of state lithium battery is with mass ratio for 8:1:1 liquid metal compound, acetylene black and PVDF is prepared.
CN201810272524.4A 2018-03-29 2018-03-29 A kind of preparation method of high power capacity high safety solid state lithium battery Pending CN108493485A (en)

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CN111430811A (en) * 2020-03-31 2020-07-17 深圳供电局有限公司 Polymer electrolyte coating, preparation method of material and battery
CN112563448A (en) * 2020-12-10 2021-03-26 国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司 Method for treating SEI (solid electrolyte interphase) film on interface of low-temperature-resistant lithium ion battery
CN112615013A (en) * 2020-12-14 2021-04-06 桂林理工大学 Liquid metal @ carbon nanotube lithium air battery anode and preparation method thereof
CN113540587A (en) * 2021-06-18 2021-10-22 江苏智蓝电源科技有限公司 Method for improving compounding degree of gallium in polymer film
US11404698B2 (en) 2019-10-30 2022-08-02 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Liquid metal interfacial layers for solid electrolytes and methods thereof

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11404698B2 (en) 2019-10-30 2022-08-02 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Liquid metal interfacial layers for solid electrolytes and methods thereof
CN111430811A (en) * 2020-03-31 2020-07-17 深圳供电局有限公司 Polymer electrolyte coating, preparation method of material and battery
CN112563448A (en) * 2020-12-10 2021-03-26 国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司 Method for treating SEI (solid electrolyte interphase) film on interface of low-temperature-resistant lithium ion battery
CN112615013A (en) * 2020-12-14 2021-04-06 桂林理工大学 Liquid metal @ carbon nanotube lithium air battery anode and preparation method thereof
CN113540587A (en) * 2021-06-18 2021-10-22 江苏智蓝电源科技有限公司 Method for improving compounding degree of gallium in polymer film

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Application publication date: 20180904