CN108491986A - A kind of Tunnel Seepage Prediction method - Google Patents
A kind of Tunnel Seepage Prediction method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
The invention is intended to provide a kind of prediction technique of water yield, when predicting Tunnel Seepage using numerical method, under the reference of DIFFERENT EMPIRICAL FORMULAE, introduce water level regulation coefficient, pass through the Seepage Prediction in an operating mode tunnel, it predicts the Tunnel Seepage under different water levels, can greatly reduce workload, improve the working efficiency of prediction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Tunnel Seepage Prediction method fields.
Background technology
With the development of tunnels and underground engineering, for more and more underground structures during construction and use, the moment is all
It is endangered by underground water.Due to the infiltration and corrosion function of underground water, so that engineering is generated disease, gently then influences using effect,
It is heavy then entire engineering is made to scrap, cause huge economic loss and serious social influence.
In view of the importance of tunnel groundwater problem, domestic and foreign scholars are very heavy to tunnel groundwater water burst quantifier elimination
Depending on having carried out a large amount of exploration, experiment and analysis and research work to tunnel groundwater water yield problem.Wherein certainty mathematical modulo
Type method is to derive Tunnel Seepage and ring by mathematics deduction using the theory of hydraulics, underground water dynamics etc.
The quantitative relationship of the factors such as border level of ground water, country rock permeability, recharge of ground water range, pipeline time, obtains series of theories
Or experience analytic formula, the water yield in tunnel is calculated with prediction.Such methods include hydrogeological analogy method (analogy method, diameter
Flow field simulation method), hydrologic(al) budget method, analytic method and Method for Numerical etc..
Invention content
The invention is intended to provide a kind of prediction technique of water yield, when predicting Tunnel Seepage using numerical method, not
Different water levels are predicted by the Seepage Prediction in an operating mode tunnel with water level regulation coefficient under the reference of empirical equation, is introduced
Tunnel Seepage under lower or different infiltration coefficients, can greatly reduce workload, improve the working efficiency of prediction.
Specific technical solution is as follows：
A kind of Tunnel Seepage Prediction method, it is characterised in that：Different water level regulation coefficient η are used according to different water level H
The adjustment of the predicted value of water yield is carried out, specially：
Wherein
It is above it is various in：K is the infiltration coefficient of rock mass；H0It is original hydrostatic level in water-bearing layer for formula (1) and (3) with H
It is distance of the static level to barrel cross section equivalence circle center for formula (2) and (4), and H to the distance of tunnel floor0
For normal water level height, H is height of water level to be asked；r0For the radius of circle of equal value of tunnel trunk cross section；D is that tunnel trunk is transversal
The equivalent circular diameter in face；M is conversion coefficient, takes 0.86；η1And η2For water level regulation coefficient, other parameters under the same conditions,
Different water levels cause the ratio that water yield changes；QHFor water yield to be asked.
Further：The prediction technique selects FLAC3D softwares to establish numerical analysis model and carries out numerical simulation.
Further：The flow model in porous media that the simulation uses does following hypothesis：
(1) country rock and Seed harvest are regarded as homogeneous, isotropic equivalent continuous permeating medium；
(2) tunnel is in steady seepage state；
(3) subsurface flow obeys Darcy theorems；
(4) tunnel drainage is realization of uniformly being seeped water by lining cutting.
Further：The flow equation of Analysis of The Seepage used by the simulation is：
In formula, qiIt is specified flow vector, p is pore pressure, and k is the absolute coefficient of dynamics tensor of pore media, namely
Permeability tensor in FLAC3D；It is relative dynamic coefficient, it is the function of fluid saturation s；ρfIt is fluid density, ρf
It is 3 components of gravitational vectors；When calculating saturation/unsaturation stream in FLAC3D, pneumatics, which is assumed to be, is set as identically vanishing.
Equilibrium equation：
Wherein, fluid balance is expressed as follows：
Wherein：qvFor fluid source bulk density (l/sec)；ξ is to describe the variable of fluid content either since fluid expands
Load in bulk it is dynamic and caused by fluid volume changes in unit volume variable；
Momentum balance equation is expressed as following form：
Wherein：ρ=(1-n) ρs+nsρwIt is bulk density, ρsAnd ρwIt is the density of corresponding solid phase and liquid phase；(1-n)ρsWith
The dry density ρ of soliddIt is identical；
Constitutive equation：The change of fluid displacement is related to the change of pore pressure p, saturation degree S and mechanics bulk strain ε
, corresponding equation is expressed as follows：
In formula：M is Biot modulus, and n is porosity, and α is Biot coefficients；
Corresponding with pore media structure rule is expressed as following form：
Wherein：Synergic rotation stress rate is represented, H is the function expression of this structure rule, and k is course parameter, ξijIt is to answer
Variability；
It is with effective stress and the relevant resilient relationship expression formula of strain：
In formula, subscript 0 represents original state, εijIt is strain, K and G are the volume and modulus of shearing of the elastic entity of draining；
Compatible equations：Relationship between strain rate and velocity gradient is：
ξij=(vi.j+vj.i)/2。
The present invention introduces water level regulation coefficient, passes through the water burst in an operating mode tunnel under the reference of DIFFERENT EMPIRICAL FORMULAE
Amount prediction, predicts the Tunnel Seepage under different water levels, can greatly reduce workload, improve the working efficiency of prediction；And it is right
The characteristics of existing formula application water level adjusting parameter, prediction technique is corrected, improves accuracy.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the element schematic diagram of FLAC3D analyses of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is flow model in porous media schematic diagram of the present invention；
Specific implementation mode
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.But this should not be interpreted as to the present invention
The range of above-mentioned theme is only limitted to embodiment below, all models that the present invention is belonged to based on the technology that the content of present invention is realized
It encloses.
By taking the control of the ridges Ying Er waterproof and Drainage Construction of Tunnel as an example, water yield is most heavy in high water level hydrous fluids tunnel dynamic design
One of parameter wanted.It for construction, needs to arrange construction speed and water blockoff measure according to the water burst situation in tunnel, to protect
Demonstrate,prove the safety driving in tunnel；And it designs and then needs according to design pumping equipment, lining types and country rock the case where Tunnel Gushing
The range of later stage grouting and reinforcing.
The area of tunnel cross section is 163.5m2, Zhou Changwei 46.8m.If the equivalent redius in tunnel is r, then have：
πr2=163.5m2
Then the equivalent diameter of tunnel cross section is 14.4m.
The ridges Ying Er tunnel exit segment description：
This section is tunnel outlet section, and buried depth is 5~21m.Tunnel arch be the 4th system update system silty clay, rubble,
Completely decomposed gneiss granite, silty clay are in hard plastic shape, and rubble is secret to secret room shape in being in.Country rock easily occurs big without self-stable ability
Landslide.This section of underground water is relatively abundant, and it is drench with rain shape or the shape that shoves that underground water, which goes out water state,.
As described above, choose static level to tunnel equivalence justify cross section center distance H be 16m, until bottom plate away from
For for 23m, the water yield of the unit length unit interval in the tunnel is calculated, wherein infiltration coefficient is taken as
It is 0.3m/d to calculate water burst coefficient by the graceful formula in Gourde(G), and water level is 16m, tunnel equivalent redius away from tunnel centre-height
For 7.2m when unit length water yield it is as follows：
By above Empirical rules formula it is found that the prediction result that different formula obtains has bigger discrepancy, but it is every
A formula is substantially all with the infiltration coefficient of rock mass, and the section size in tunnel, the factors such as height of water level are related.
Mechanical characteristics for Study of The Underground water seepage flow and influence select FLAC3D softwares to establish numerical analysis model progress
Numerical simulation.
FLAC3D is the expansion of two-dimensional finite-difference program FLAC2D, can carry out soil property, rock and other materials
Three-dimensional structure mechanical characteristic is simulated and Plastic Flow analysis.It is actual to be fitted by adjusting the polyhedral elements in three-dimensional grid
Structure.Linearly or nonlinearly constitutive model can be used in unit material, under external force, after yield spread occurs for material, net
Lattice accordingly can be deformed and be moved (large deformation pattern).FLAC3D uses Explicit Lagrangian algorithm and mixing-is discrete
Partitioning technique, being capable of the extremely accurate plastic failure of simulation material and flowing.Since stiffness matrix need not be formed, base
Large-scale three-dimensional problem can be solved in smaller memory headroom.
The element and analytic process of FLAC3D analyses are as shown in Figure 1.
Flow model in porous media：
For the relationship for qualitatively studying between water yield and lining cutting, grouting reinforced region, country rock, this section uses Fig. 2 institutes
The simplification flow model in porous media shown, and done following hypothesis：
(1) country rock and Seed harvest are regarded as homogeneous, isotropic equivalent continuous permeating medium；
(2) tunnel is in steady seepage state；
(3) subsurface flow obeys Darcy theorems；
(4) tunnel drainage is realization of uniformly being seeped water by lining cutting；
According to underground water continuity equation and Darcy theorems, pore water pressure u：
In formula：r0--- lining cutting inside radius；
r1--- lining cutting outer radius；
rg--- grouting reinforced region radius；
rm--- country rock radius；
H0--- the original hydrostatic head (m) in tunnel；
hw--- the head (m) on tunneling section；
P --- far field water pressure；
Pg--- act on the water pressure on grouting reinforced region outer boundary；
Ps--- act on the water pressure on lining cutting outer boundary.
The flow equation of Analysis of The Seepage used by the simulation is：
In formula, qiIt is specified flow vector, p is pore pressure, and k is the absolute coefficient of dynamics tensor of pore media, namely
Permeability tensor in FLAC3D；It is relative dynamic coefficient, it is the function of fluid saturation s；ρfIt is fluid density, ρf
It is 3 components of gravitational vectors；When calculating saturation/unsaturation stream in FLAC3D, pneumatics, which is assumed to be, is set as identically vanishing.
Equilibrium equation：
Wherein, fluid balance is expressed as follows：
Wherein：qvFor fluid source bulk density (l/sec)；ξ is to describe the variable of fluid content either since fluid expands
Load in bulk it is dynamic and caused by fluid volume changes in unit volume variable；
Momentum balance equation is expressed as following form：
Wherein：ρ=(1-n) ρs+nsρwIt is bulk density, ρsAnd ρwIt is the density of corresponding solid phase and liquid phase；(1-n)ρsWith
The dry density ρ of soliddIt is identical；
Constitutive equation：The change of fluid displacement is related to the change of pore pressure p, saturation degree S and mechanics bulk strain ε
, corresponding equation is expressed as follows：
In formula：M is Biot modulus, and n is porosity, and α is Biot coefficients；
Corresponding with pore media structure rule is expressed as following form：
Wherein：Synergic rotation stress rate is represented, H is the function expression of this structure rule, and k is course parameter, ξijIt is to answer
Variability；
It is with effective stress and the relevant resilient relationship expression formula of strain：
In formula, subscript 0 represents original state, εijIt is strain, K and G are the volume and modulus of shearing of the elastic entity of draining.
Compatible equations：Relationship between strain rate and velocity gradient is：
ξij=(vi.j+vj.i)/2。
It is comparative analysis numerical method and analytic method to the reliability of Seepage Prediction, needs predicted value and practical water yield
It is compared, since actual measurement paragraph is more, water level and infiltration coefficient change, and such as to carry out carrying out numerical value to tunnel whole process
Simulation, then workload is very huge.Therefore under study for action by the way of water level regulation coefficient, the calculating of numerical simulation is converted
To various water levels, steps are as follows for specific implementation：
Water level regulation coefficient be other parameters under the same conditions, different water levels cause water yield change ratio, will
It is defined as η, and specific formula is as follows：
η=q/q0=f (H, x1, x2…)/f(H0, x1, x2…)
q0=f (H0, x1, x2…)
In formula：
η-water level regulation coefficient；Q-water yield (m to be asked2/d)；q0--- standard water yield (m2/d)；H-water levels to be asked
Highly (m)；H0- normal water level height；F (H, x1, x2...)-water yield calculating dependent equation.
The expression formula of water level regulation coefficient is obtained for each different classical formulas：
Big island ocean will formula water level reduction coefficient：
The graceful formula water level reduction coefficient in Gourde(G)：
Wherein H0It is the distance of original hydrostatic level in water-bearing layer to tunnel floor to big island ocean will formula；To the graceful formula in Gourde(G)
For static level to the distance of barrel cross section equivalence circle center, H is corresponding each section of actual value.
Water level regulation coefficient application
Using after water level regulation coefficient this variable, so that it may to find out each section of tunnel actual water level according to classical formulas calculating
With the regulation coefficient of a certain normal water level, and assume that practical water yield meets the water level regulation coefficient that each classical formulas is found out, it will
The practical water yield of approximation of different infiltration coefficients under its a certain normal water level being adjusted；Simultaneously it may also be assumed that Numerical-Mode
Quasi- water yield meets the water level regulation coefficient that each classical formulas is found out, and can be found out further according to existing numerical simulation result practical each
Water level lower aprons simulate water yield.
Classical formulas water level regulation coefficient uniformity is preferable, can use the regulation coefficient of big island ocean will formula and the graceful formula in Gourde(G)
Calculated Approximate prediction water yield, final value are the two result average.
The present invention introduces water level regulation coefficient, passes through the water burst in an operating mode tunnel under the reference of DIFFERENT EMPIRICAL FORMULAE
Amount prediction, predicts the Tunnel Seepage under different water levels, can greatly reduce workload, improve the working efficiency of prediction；And it is right
The characteristics of existing formula application water level adjusting parameter, prediction technique is corrected, improves accuracy.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of Tunnel Seepage Prediction method, it is characterised in that：According to different water level H using different water level regulation coefficient η into
The adjustment of the predicted value of row water yield, specially：
Wherein
It is above it is various in：K is the infiltration coefficient of rock mass；H0It is original hydrostatic level in water-bearing layer to tunnel for formula (1) and (3) with H
The distance of bottom plate is distance of the static level to barrel cross section equivalence circle center for formula (2) and (4), and H0For standard
Height of water level, H are height of water level to be asked；r0For the radius of circle of equal value of tunnel trunk cross section；D be tunnel trunk cross section etc.
Valence circular diameter；M is conversion coefficient, takes 0.86；η1And η2For water level regulation coefficient, other parameters under the same conditions, different water
Position causes the ratio that water yield changes；QHFor water yield to be asked.
2. Tunnel Seepage Prediction method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The prediction technique selects FLAC3D soft
Part establishes numerical analysis model and carries out numerical simulation.
3. Tunnel Seepage Prediction method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The flow model in porous media that the simulation uses is done
It is following to assume：
(1) country rock and Seed harvest are regarded as homogeneous, isotropic equivalent continuous permeating medium；
(2) tunnel is in steady seepage state；
(3) subsurface flow obeys Darcy theorems；
(4) tunnel drainage is realization of uniformly being seeped water by lining cutting.
4. Tunnel Seepage Prediction method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：Analysis of The Seepage used by the simulation
Circulation equation be：
In formula, qiIt is specified flow vector, p is pore pressure, and k is the absolute coefficient of dynamics tensor namely FLAC3D of pore media
In permeability tensor；It is relative dynamic coefficient, it is the function of fluid saturation s；ρfIt is fluid density, ρfIt is gravity
3 components of vector；When calculating saturation/unsaturation stream in FLAC3D, pneumatics, which is assumed to be, is set as identically vanishing.
Equilibrium equation：
Wherein, fluid balance is expressed as follows：
Wherein：qvFor fluid source bulk density (l/sec)；ξ is to describe the variable of fluid content either due to fluid diffusion motion
The variable that fluid volume changes in unit volume caused by and；
Momentum balance equation is expressed as following form：
Wherein：ρ=(1-n) ρs+nsρwIt is bulk density, ρsAnd ρwIt is the density of corresponding solid phase and liquid phase；(1-n)ρsWith solid
Dry density ρdIt is identical；
Constitutive equation：The change of fluid displacement and the change of pore pressure p, saturation degree S and mechanics bulk strain ε be it is relevant,
Corresponding equation is expressed as follows：
In formula：M is Biot modulus, and n is porosity, and α is Biot coefficients；
Corresponding with pore media structure rule is expressed as following form：
Wherein：Synergic rotation stress rate is represented, H is the function expression of this structure rule, and k is course parameter, ξijIt is strain rate；
It is with effective stress and the relevant resilient relationship expression formula of strain：
In formula, subscript 0 represents original state, εijIt is strain, K and G are the volume and modulus of shearing of the elastic entity of draining.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110700884A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2020-01-17 | 中煤能源研究院有限责任公司 | Method for analogizing and predicting water inflow of fully mechanized caving face based on analytical method |
| CN113487116A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-10-08 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Method for predicting water inflow of tunnel in water-rich composite stratum |
| CN113901546A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-01-07 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Tunnel water inflow calculation method and device |
| CN114252128A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-03-29 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Underground pipe gallery water inflow monitoring and early warning system and method |
-
2018
- 2018-06-22 CN CN201810647118.1A patent/CN108491986A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110700884A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2020-01-17 | 中煤能源研究院有限责任公司 | Method for analogizing and predicting water inflow of fully mechanized caving face based on analytical method |
| CN110700884B (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2020-11-06 | 中煤能源研究院有限责任公司 | Method for analogizing and predicting water inflow of fully mechanized caving face based on analytical method |
| CN113487116A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-10-08 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Method for predicting water inflow of tunnel in water-rich composite stratum |
| CN113487116B (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2023-04-07 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Method for predicting water inflow of tunnel in water-rich composite stratum |
| CN113901546A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-01-07 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Tunnel water inflow calculation method and device |
| CN114252128A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-03-29 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Underground pipe gallery water inflow monitoring and early warning system and method |
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