CN108491642A - A kind of green degree in floor scale city based on level landscape model perceives measure - Google Patents
A kind of green degree in floor scale city based on level landscape model perceives measure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of green degree perception measure in the floor scale city based on level landscape model, the visual perception for being in different floors to urban vegetation for quantitative measurement city dweller.It is realized by following technical step：Step 1) obtains the crown diameter and polar radius of the vertex positions of vegetation trees, tree crown boundary, tree crown spheroid using high resolution image and airborne radar data；Step 2) builds level landscape model, and tree crown spheroid is carried out cutting process under different height, obtains the hierarchical view in different level；Step 3) calculates the perception point height h of flooriWith the cross-sectional area of tree crown spheroidStep 4) utilizes buffer zone analysis method, determines the spatial distribution of building periphery vegetation trees；Step 5) amount calculates the distance between building and vegetation trees di, touch opportunity is calculated using the method for inverse distance weighted interpolation；The open index of step 6) structure green, by the cross-sectional area of tree crown spheroidWith distance diAs computing parameter.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the green degree space remote sensings in city to model field, be related to a kind of floor scale based on level landscape model
The green degree in city perceives measure.
Background technology
The city spaces Lv Du, which refer in city scope, to be vegetative coverage and has the region of certain ecological service benefit, to city
City's environment has actively impact, has and facilitates accessibility, compared with its prominent three-dimensional feature for urban green space.As city important composition
Part, the city spaces Lv Du can purify air, regulate the climate, water conservation and balance Urban Natural environment, for maintain city
City's environmental quality and sustainable development play an important roll.Studies have shown that the city spaces Lv Du can help resident to mitigate life
Pressure (De Vries；Grahn；Verheij；Korpela).City dweller in single building contacts the city spaces Lv Du
Impact probability the quality and the sense of security of life of urban resident, the more the contact city spaces Lv Du the easier, and resident's body and mind is got over
Health, it is better that people link up.In addition, the city spaces Lv Du can give child's physical and mental development to provide good environment
(Groenewegen；Maas；Troy).Mcpherson is to the city spaces Lv Du in terms of urban environment and resident's physical and mental health
Effect is evaluated, it is indicated that the benefit acquired by investment in terms of the spaces Lv Du of city is no less than the throwing of otherwise money
Money.
People's contact nature is often through the mode to nature public environment or through vegetation near window viewing.Although public
Natural environment is most easily touched in garden, but for the people far from park or downtown Working Life, it is more difficult to as day
The part often lived.Studies have shown that can increase resident by the vision landscape of acquisition outside window expires place living area
Meaning degree, and ease off the pressure, increase productivity.In view of most cities resident living is in tier building, window or balcony are
It enjoys natural unique opportunity, therefore the people for studying different floors are meaningful to the perception amount in green degree space.
Still lack the green degree perception quantitative measurement model in city at present.Previous description resident mainly stops the perception of vert space
It stays in subjective level.It is often assessed by filling out formula questionnaire certainly, such as research " appreciates natural land element through working space window
Percentage of time ".But due to time loss difference, it limits the universality of result of study, and different interviewees are to knot
The feedback of fruit is subjective.Using the method for visualizing of the green degree perception in street view image objective evaluation street scale city, people is obtained
The shade tree profile view seen on the ground.People indoors also need through the green degree of window perception neighborhood level
Method for visualizing, but its process is increasingly complex.
In consideration of it, this model proposes level landscape model, including the 3D modeling of urban characteristic and based on LiDAR data,
The space delamination strategy of high resolution image.To it is green degree space quantitative perceptible aspect, by each building floor into
Row spatial analysis, it is proposed that the open index (Exposure Opportunity Index, EOI) of green is used as solution.
Invention content
The present invention proposes a kind of green degree perception measure in the floor scale city based on level landscape model, for quantitative
Measurement city dweller is in visual perception of the building difference floor to urban vegetation.
The purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical step：
Step 1) utilizes aerial image data, auxiliary on-board LiDAR data to obtain research area vegetation trees
Vertex position, tree crown boundary, the crown diameter of tree crown spheroid and polar radius information；
Step 2) builds level landscape model, by the way that tree crown spheroid is carried out cutting process under different height, and throws
On shadow to ground, hierarchical view of the tree crown spheroid on different level position is obtained；
Step 3) calculates each layer of green degree perception point height h according to the window position of buildingi, and calculate hiUnder height
Tree crown spheroid cross-sectional area
Step 4), using buffer zone analysis method, sets buffering area radius centered on single building, determines building week
The spatial distribution of side vegetation trees；
Step 5) amount calculates the distance between building and vegetation trees di, connect using the method calculating of inverse distance weighted interpolation
It has a sudden inspiration meeting；
The open index (Exposure Opportunity Index, EOI) of step 6) structure green, by the tree crown of step 3)
The cross-sectional area of spheroidWith the distance d of step 5)iAs computing parameter, the EOI indexes under different story heights are acquired.
The specific method of step 1) described further is：
A) treetop position is carried out using the local maximum search method based on active window and sets the extraction of high information；B) exist
On the testing result basis of treetop, umbrella frame algorithm identification crown mapping boundary is utilized；C) according to the morphological feature of tree crown, base is used
In flexible circle and crown height than computational methods, obtain the crown diameter a and polar radius c of tree crown spheroid.
The specific method of step 3) described further is：
A) the average floor height h0 of building floor is determined；B) the height h of i floors perception point is calculatedi=i × h0-h0/2；c)
In conjunction with tree crown ellipsoid model, computed altitude hiThe tree crown cross-sectional area at placeA is crown diameter, and c is
Polar radius,It is tree crown average height.
The specific method of step 6) described further is：
A) the open index of structure greenB) by cross-sectional areaMake with distance di
For computing parameter, calculation formula is brought into, acquire the open index of green of i floors.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is treetop monitoring result；
Fig. 2 is tree crown Boundary Recognition result；
Fig. 3 is level urban landscape hierarchical mode；
Fig. 4 is the EOI result of calculations of different floors:(A) three layers；(B) five layers；(C) seven layers.
Specific implementation mode
" a kind of green degree spatial perception model in the city based on floor scale " of the invention is made below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings further
Explanation.
(1) tree crown spheroid parameter calculates
1) aerial image data, auxiliary on-board LiDAR data is utilized to obtain research area's vegetation height information base
Quasi- figure；
2) the local maximum search method for utilizing active window, extracts the vertex position (Fig. 1) of trees from reference map；
3) it is based on vertex position information, crown mapping boundary is identified using umbrella frame algorithm, is obtained using flexible round algorithm
Tree crown boundary (Fig. 2)；
4) the crown diameter a and polar radius c based on trees crown height than acquiring tree crown spheroid；
(2) level landscape model is built
Level urban landscape is made of the cross section in urban characteristic vertically upward.By the way that these three-dimension objects are cut
Processing is cut, and they are projected on ground, hierarchical view of the three-dimension object on different level position can be obtained, Fig. 3 is aobvious
Show how to be layered to landscape.
(3) floor perception point tree crown cross-sectional area calculates
According to window position corresponding parallel plane is generated in corresponding height.In view of window is located at every side of building
And in every layer of medium height position, by carrying out vertical demixing to space, average layer, which is over-evaluated, is set to h0, then hi=i × h0-h0/
2, i be number of floor levels, hiIt is the corresponding sample plane height for being located at i-th layer.So hiThe tree crown cross-sectional area at place isA is crown diameter, and c is polar radius,It is mean crown-height.
(4) the open index construction of green
The green degree perception of floor scale is assessed based on two factors：A) in fixed 30 meters of range buffer areas, floor position
Set the horizontal distance with the green degree space of surrounding；B) under each story height each canopy cross-sectional area.Radius is buffered according to phase
Average distance setting between neighboring buildings, making it both too narrow will not cover incessantly necessary green degree space, too wide will not arrive nothing
Method excludes the invalid green degree space stopped by building in closely.
It has been generally acknowledged that neighbouring green degree can allow people's impression more vivid compared to distant place, in distance function, bigger will be distributed
Weight give close to floor crown canopy.For this purpose, the method using inverse distance weighted interpolation calculates touch opportunity, it is assumed that each to survey
Amount point has local influence to predicted value, and influences to reduce with the shortening of distance.On this basis, the open finger of definition green
Number (Exposure Opportunity Index, EOI), It is in buffering area
The cross-sectional area of i canopy, diIt is the Euclidean distance between i-th of canopy and given floor, result of calculation is as shown in Figure 4.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of green degree in floor scale city based on level landscape model perceives measure, it to be used for quantitative measurement city dweller
In building difference floor to the visual perception of urban vegetation.This method is mainly realized by following technical step：
Step 1) utilizes aerial image data, auxiliary on-board LiDAR data to obtain the vertex of research area vegetation trees
Position, tree crown boundary, the crown diameter of tree crown spheroid and polar radius information；
Step 2) builds level landscape model, by the way that tree crown spheroid is carried out cutting process under different height, and projects to
On ground, hierarchical view of the tree crown spheroid on different level position is obtained；
Step 3) calculates each layer of green degree perception point height h according to the window position of buildingi, and calculate hiTree under height
It is preced with the cross-sectional area of spheroid
Step 4), using buffer zone analysis method, sets buffering area radius centered on single building, determines that building periphery is planted
By the spatial distribution of trees；
Step 5) amount calculates the distance between building and vegetation trees di, contact machine is calculated using the method for inverse distance weighted interpolation
Meeting；
The open index (Exposure Opportunity Index, EOI) of step 6) structure green, by the tree crown ellipsoid of step 3)
The cross-sectional area of bodyWith the distance d of step 5)iAs computing parameter, the EOI indexes under different story heights are acquired.
2. method as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that the specific method of the step 3) is：
A) the average floor height h of building floor is determined0；B) the height h of i floors perception point is calculatedi=i × h0-h0/2；C) tree is combined
It is preced with ellipsoid model, computed altitude hiThe tree crown cross-sectional area at placeA is crown diameter, and c is pole half
Diameter,It is tree crown average height.
3. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the specific method of the step 6) is：
A) the open index of structure greenB) by cross-sectional areaWith distance diAs calculating
Parameter brings calculation formula into, acquires the open index of green of i floors.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113156424A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-23 | 三亚中科遥感研究所 | Method, device and system for measuring vegetation height and storage medium |
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Application publication date: 20180904 |