CN108490236B - Method and device for resolving alternating current single-phase voltage amplitude - Google Patents
Method and device for resolving alternating current single-phase voltage amplitude Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for calculating an alternating current single-phase voltage amplitude, wherein under the calculating frequency of a previous period, the average value of low frequency quantity under the corresponding calculating period of the calculating frequency is calculated to obtain the differential pressure of the current period; the low-frequency quantity is the product of the collected alternating-current single-phase voltage and the solved cosine quantity of the previous period; obtaining the angular speed of the current period according to the differential pressure of the current period; integrating the angular speed of the current period to obtain a resolving phase of the current period; solving the cosine value of the resolving phase of the current period to obtain the resolving cosine quantity of the current period; obtaining the resolving frequency of the current period according to the angular speed of the current period; and extracting the amplitude of the peak value of the positive half period and the amplitude of the peak value of the negative half period of the collected alternating current single-phase voltage according to the resolving phase of the current period, and solving the average value of the absolute values of the positive half period and the negative half period, wherein the average value is the resolving amplitude of the current period. The invention can accurately obtain the amplitude of the alternating current single-phase voltage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of relay protection, and particularly relates to a method and a device for resolving an alternating current single-phase voltage amplitude.
Background
With the development of science and technology, electricity is increasingly prominent in life and production. If the frequency, the phase and the orthogonal vector of the single-phase alternating voltage can be accurately and quickly solved, the performance of the operation control of the power grid can be greatly improved.
At present, the amplitude, frequency and phase of the power grid voltage are obtained by adopting a phase-locked loop technology. The existing phase-locked loop technology mainly comprises the following two types:
one is to control by constructing a virtual orthogonal waveform of the grid voltage signal and converting an alternating current signal into a direct current signal through rotating coordinate transformation. The fourier transform is a process of solving a fundamental function according to the principle that the function is a superposition of sine functions of different frequencies. The method is based on an ideal single-phase alternating voltage model, and accurate frequency, phase and orthogonal signal information cannot be obtained when harmonic interference and direct current offset exist in an input signal.
One is to directly phase-lock a single-phase ac voltage signal, such as a phase-locked loop technique based on kalman filtering, a transmission delay phase-locked loop technique, an enhanced phase-locked loop technique, a phase-locked loop technique based on an all-pass filter, and the like.
For example, patent publication No. CN103558436B discloses a method for detecting amplitude, frequency and phase angle of a power grid voltage based on a single-phase-locked loop algorithm, which solves the single-phase voltage based on a phase-locked loop technology, and adds a delay phase-shifting link to an input side of the phase-locked loop to eliminate dc offset and odd harmonics. However, the method needs more data for calculation, has long time delay, and cannot meet the requirement of quick judgment of the existing intelligent equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for calculating an alternating current single-phase voltage amplitude, which are used for solving the problems of complexity and low speed of calculation of the method in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention discloses a method for calculating an alternating current single-phase voltage amplitude, which comprises the following method scheme:
the first method scheme comprises the following steps:
under the resolving frequency of the previous period, solving the average value of the low frequency quantity under the resolving period corresponding to the resolving frequency to obtain the differential pressure of the current period; the low-frequency quantity is the product of the collected alternating-current single-phase voltage and the solved cosine quantity of the previous period;
obtaining the angular speed of the current period according to the differential pressure of the current period;
integrating the angular speed of the current period to obtain a resolving phase of the current period;
solving the cosine value of the resolving phase of the current period to obtain the resolving cosine quantity of the current period;
obtaining the resolving frequency of the current period according to the angular speed of the current period;
and extracting the amplitude of the peak value of the positive half period and the amplitude of the peak value of the negative half period of the collected alternating current single-phase voltage according to the resolving phase of the current period, and solving the average value of the absolute values of the positive half period and the negative half period, wherein the average value is the resolving amplitude of the current period.
And in the second method scheme, on the basis of the first method scheme, the initial value of the calculating frequency is 50Hz, and the initial value of the calculating cosine quantity is 1.
In the third method scheme, on the basis of the first method scheme, the phase corresponding to the amplitude of the positive half-cycle peak value of the collected alternating-current single-phase voltage is as follows:
is a sampling interval value.
In the fourth method scheme, on the basis of the first method scheme, the phase corresponding to the amplitude of the peak value of the negative half cycle of the collected alternating-current single-phase voltage is as follows:
is a sampling interval value.
Method scheme V in the method schemeOn the basis of the third or the fourth method scheme, the sampling interval value is as follows:
is the sampling interval value, T is the period, and a is the step size.
And a sixth method scheme, which is based on the first method scheme, further comprises the steps of performing slope limitation and low-pass filtering on the obtained resolving amplitude of the current period.
In the seventh method, on the basis of the sixth method, the slope is:
k is the slope, xrFor the current sample value, xsFor recent history data, a is the step size.
And in the eighth method scheme, on the basis of the sixth method scheme, the frequency of the low-pass filtering is half of the theoretical frequency of the alternating-current single-phase voltage.
The invention also provides a resolving device for the alternating current single-phase voltage amplitude, which comprises the following device scheme:
the first device comprises a processor, and the processor is used for executing instructions to realize the following method:
under the resolving frequency of the previous period, solving the average value of the low frequency quantity under the resolving period corresponding to the resolving frequency to obtain the differential pressure of the current period; the low-frequency quantity is the product of the collected alternating-current single-phase voltage and the solved cosine quantity of the previous period;
obtaining the angular speed of the current period according to the differential pressure of the current period;
integrating the angular speed of the current period to obtain a resolving phase of the current period;
solving the cosine value of the resolving phase of the current period to obtain the resolving cosine quantity of the current period;
obtaining the resolving frequency of the current period according to the angular speed of the current period;
and extracting the amplitude of the peak value of the positive half period and the amplitude of the peak value of the negative half period of the collected alternating current single-phase voltage according to the resolving phase of the current period, and solving the average value of the absolute values of the positive half period and the negative half period, wherein the average value is the resolving amplitude of the current period.
And in the second device scheme, on the basis of the first device scheme, the initial value of the calculating frequency is 50Hz, and the initial value of the calculating cosine quantity is 1.
And on the basis of the first device scheme, the phase corresponding to the amplitude of the positive half-cycle peak value of the collected alternating-current single-phase voltage is as follows:
is a sampling interval value.
And on the basis of the first device scheme, the phase corresponding to the amplitude of the negative half-cycle peak value of the collected alternating-current single-phase voltage is as follows:
is a sampling interval value.
In the fifth apparatus scenario, on the basis of the third apparatus scenario or the fourth method scenario, the sampling interval value is:
is the sampling interval value, T is the period, and a is the step size.
And a sixth device scheme, on the basis of the first device scheme, the method further comprises the step of performing slope limitation and low-pass filtering on the obtained resolving amplitude of the current period.
In the device scheme seven, on the basis of the device scheme six, the slope is:
k is the slope, xrFor the current sample value, xsFor recent history data, a is the step size.
And in the eighth device scheme, on the basis of the sixth device scheme, the frequency of the low-pass filtering is half of the theoretical frequency of the alternating-current single-phase voltage.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method and the device for calculating the amplitude of the alternating-current single-phase voltage, the initial value of the calculating frequency is set to be 50Hz, the initial value of the cosine quantity is set to be 1, a closed-loop control idea is adopted, the amplitude of the alternating-current single-phase voltage can be calculated after the phase of the alternating-current single-phase voltage is obtained, the complex phase-locking, Fourier transformation and other processes in the calculating process in the prior art are avoided, the amplitude of the alternating-current single-phase voltage can be accurately obtained on the basis of accurately obtaining the phase, the frequency and the orthogonal wave of the alternating-current single-phase voltage, the method and the device have the advantages of high calculating speed and good continuity, can be widely applied to the fields of alternating-current single-phase power grid connection and electric.
In addition, the invention collects the positive half-cycle signal and the negative half-cycle signal, and uses the low-pass filter to obtain the amplitude of the alternating-current single-phase voltage, thereby effectively solving the problem of the influence of the harmonic interference and the direct-current offset of the alternating-current single-phase voltage on the calculated voltage amplitude signal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a control block diagram of a method for resolving an AC single-phase voltage amplitude of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method for calculating the amplitude of the ac single-phase voltage according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
The invention provides a device for resolving an alternating current single-phase voltage amplitude, which comprises a processor, wherein the processor is used for executing instructions to realize the method for resolving the alternating current single-phase voltage amplitude, and the flow chart of the method is shown in FIG. 2.
In the process of system initialization, Step1 completes assignment of initial values of "frequency is 50 and cosine quantity is 1", that is, setting frequency to 50 and cosine quantity to 1, and performs a calculation operation with the set frequency as a calculation frequency and the set cosine quantity as a calculation cosine quantity, and the process proceeds to Step 2.
Step2, judging whether the resolving frequency is less than 0.000001: if the frequency is less than the preset value, the frequency is too small, even 0 is possible, if 0 is directly used, the cycle calculation error is caused, and therefore, the frequency is directly made to be the resolving frequency of 0.000001 (the value can be changed and is set according to requirements); and if the frequency is larger than or equal to the preset frequency, directly using the current resolving frequency. And calculating to obtain a resolving period according to the obtained resolving frequency, wherein the period is the reciprocal of the frequency.
Step3, in the resolving period of the previous period, solving the average value of the low frequency quantity of the resolving frequency corresponding to the resolving period to obtain the differential pressure of the current period; the low frequency quantity is the product of the collected alternating current single-phase voltage and the solved cosine quantity of the previous period. Specifically, the pressure difference can be obtained by the following method:
1) calculating and integrating the first low-frequency quantity to obtain a first low-frequency quantity integral; by resolving the cosine of low-frequency or voltage samples, i.e.
2) Calculating a second low frequency integral delayed by one period from the first low frequency integral, i.e.
3) Calculating a period average value, wherein the period average value is the first low-frequency quantity integral and the second low-frequency quantity integral;
4) the differential pressure is calculated as the cycle average frequency.
And Step4, performing PID control on the differential pressure in the current period through a PID controller, and calculating to obtain the angular velocity in the current period.
And Step5, integrating the angular speed of the current period to obtain the initial resolving phase of the current period. And judging whether the initial resolving phase of the current period is in the range of [0,2 pi) or not, and if not, mapping the initial resolving phase into the range of [0,2 pi). The specific methods can be the following two methods:
1) subtracting k × 2 pi from the initial solution phase (k is set according to the size of the initial phase), and making the result of subtracting k × 2 pi from the initial solution phase be in the range of [0,2 pi ], namely obtaining the solution phase.
2) The initial resolved phase is divided by 2 pi and the remainder is taken to obtain the resolved phase mapped to the range of [0,2 pi ].
Step6, the obtained resolved phase of the current period is respectively passed through a cosine generator and a sine generator, and a resolved cosine quantity (resolved orthogonal waveform) and a resolved sine quantity corresponding to the current period are obtained.
And Step7, dividing the obtained angular velocity of the current period by 2 pi to obtain the initial resolving frequency of the current period, and subjecting the initial resolving frequency to slope limitation and low-pass filtering to obtain the resolving frequency of the current period.
Step8, after obtaining the resolving phase of the current cycle, extracting the amplitude of the positive half cycle peak value and the amplitude of the negative half cycle peak value of the collected alternating single-phase voltage, and calculating the average value of the absolute values of the positive half cycle peak value and the negative half cycle peak value, wherein the average value is the resolving amplitude, specifically:
1) extract the phase of
The sampling value of the alternating current single-phase voltage corresponding to the moment is recorded as a first amplitude value; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is a sampling interval value;
2) extract the phase of
The sampling value of the alternating current single-phase voltage corresponding to the moment is recorded as a second amplitude value; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is a sampling interval value;
3) obtaining an average value of the first amplitude absolute value and the second amplitude absolute value, namely obtaining an initial resolving amplitude; since the first amplitude and the second amplitude have a positive value and a negative value, the second amplitude can be subtracted from the first amplitude, and the difference is divided by 2 to obtain the initial resolving amplitude.
Wherein the sampling interval is:
is the sampling interval value, T is the period, and a is the step size.
And Step9, obtaining the resolving amplitude of the current period by limiting the slope of the initial resolving amplitude of the current period and just filtering the initial resolving amplitude by low pass.
And Step10, repeating the steps 2 to 9, and obtaining the calculated amplitude of the whole alternating current single-phase voltage.
In order to realize the method, a control block diagram of a calculation method shown in fig. 1 is specifically designed, and a closed-loop control idea is adopted integrally and continuously and circularly calculated.
The sampling value of the AC single-phase voltage and the calculated cosine quantity are input into the multiplier 1, the output of the multiplier 1 and the calculating frequency are input into the period average resolver 2, the period average resolver 2 automatically calculates the average value output by the multiplier 1 in the latest period according to the input calculating frequency signal, namely the voltage difference, and the value is input into the PID controller 3.
The PID controller 3 is composed of three parameters, i.e., proportional, integral, and differential (here, the three parameters are 180, 3200, and 1), and outputs the parameters are angular velocities. The output is input on the one hand to the integrator 4 (here 1/(2 pi)) and on the other hand to the scaler 9.
The output of the integrator 4 is input to a phase divider 6 together with a constant 5 (here 2 pi). The phase divider 6 automatically maps the output phase of the integrator 4 into the range of [0,2 pi) with 2 pi as a period, and the output is a resolving phase.
The output of the phase divider 6 is input to a sine generator 7 on one hand to obtain a resolving sine quantity; on the other hand, the calculated cosine is obtained by inputting the calculated cosine to a cosine generator (orthogonal waveform generator) 8, and a calculated orthogonal waveform is obtained.
The output of the scaler 9 passes through a slope limiter 10 and a low-pass filter 11, respectively, and a calculation frequency is obtained.
Here, the slope limiter setting is set to (-12, 12), the purpose of which is to control the magnitude of the two-point data change within a set range. Let the slope be:
k is the slope, xrFor the current sample value, xsFor recent historical data, a is a step length, and whether the calculated slope is within a set slope range is compared:
if k > 12, the output is: x is the number ofr+12 a; wherein x isrA is the step length of the current sampling value;
if k < -12, the output is: x is the number ofr-12a；
If k is more than or equal to-12 and less than or equal to 12, the output is the current sampling value xr。
The low-pass filter 11 is set at a frequency half the theoretical frequency of the ac single-phase power supply.
The resolved phases are then simultaneously input to the positive half-cycle comparator 16, the positive half-cycle comparator 17, the negative half-cycle comparator 12, and the negative half-cycle comparator 13.
The positive half-cycle comparator 16 is set to:
the positive half-cycle comparator 17 is set to:
the negative half-cycle comparator 12 is set to:
the negative half-cycle comparator 13 is set to:
is provided with
Therefore, the positive half-cycle comparator 16 is 1.5908, the positive half-cycle comparator 17 is 1.5508, the negative half-cycle comparator 12 is 4.7324, and the negative half-cycle comparator 13 is 4.6924.
The output of the negative half-cycle comparator 12 and the output of the negative half-cycle comparator 13 are both input to the AND logic judger 14, and the output of the positive half-cycle comparator 16 and the output of the positive half-cycle comparator 17 are both input to the AND logic judger 18.
The output result of the and logic determiner 14 is input to the selector 15 together with the sampled value of the ac single-phase voltage. When the output result of the and logic judger 14 is 1, the selector 15 outputs the result as the ac single-phase voltage sampling value, and when the output result of the and logic judger 14 is 0, the selector 15 outputs the result to keep the ac single-phase voltage signal value when the output result of the and logic judger 14 is 1.
The output result of the and logic judger 18 is input to the selector 19 together with the sampled value of the ac single-phase voltage. When the output result of the and logic judger 18 is 1, the selector 19 outputs the result as the ac single-phase voltage sampling value, and when the output result of the and logic judger 18 is 0, the selector 19 outputs the result to hold the ac single-phase voltage signal value when the output result of the and logic judger 18 is 1.
The selector 15 and the selector 19 are respectively input to a negative input terminal and a positive input terminal of the subtractor 20, and the output result of the subtractor 20 is input to the scaler 21 (here, 1/2), and the output result of the scaler 21 is an initial resolved amplitude value.
The output result of the proportioner 21 is passed through a slope limiter 22 and a low-pass filter 23, respectively, to obtain a calculated amplitude. The characteristics of the slope limiter 22 and the low-pass filter 23 are set to be the same as those of the slope limiter 10 and the low-pass filter 11, respectively.
Claims (16)
1. A method for calculating the amplitude of an alternating current single-phase voltage is characterized by comprising the following steps:
under the resolving frequency of the previous period, solving the average value of the low frequency quantity under the resolving period corresponding to the resolving frequency to obtain the differential pressure of the current period; the low-frequency quantity is the product of the collected alternating-current single-phase voltage and the solved cosine quantity of the previous period;
the calculation process of the differential pressure of the current period is as follows:
integrating the low-frequency quantity to obtain a first low-frequency quantity integral, and integrating the low-frequency quantity to obtain a second low-frequency quantity integral, wherein the second low-frequency quantity integral is one cycle of the first low-frequency quantity integral delay;
subtracting the second low-frequency integral from the first low-frequency integral to obtain an average value of the low-frequency quantity, and then multiplying the average value of the low-frequency quantity by the resolving frequency of the previous period to obtain the differential pressure of the current period;
obtaining the angular speed of the current period according to the differential pressure of the current period;
integrating the angular velocity of the current period to obtain an initial resolving phase of the current period, and then obtaining a resolving phase of the current period from the initial resolving phase of the current period;
solving the cosine value of the resolving phase of the current period to obtain the resolving cosine quantity of the current period;
obtaining the resolving frequency of the current period according to the angular speed of the current period;
and extracting the amplitude of the peak value of the positive half period and the amplitude of the peak value of the negative half period of the collected alternating current single-phase voltage according to the resolving phase of the current period, and solving the average value of the absolute values of the positive half period and the negative half period, wherein the average value is the resolving amplitude of the current period.
2. The method for calculating the amplitude of the alternating current single-phase voltage according to claim 1, wherein an initial value of a calculation frequency is 50Hz, and an initial value of a calculation cosine quantity is 1.
3. The method for resolving the amplitude of the alternating current single-phase voltage according to claim 1, wherein the phase corresponding to the amplitude of the peak value of the positive half cycle of the collected alternating current single-phase voltage is as follows:
is a sampling interval value.
4. The method for resolving the amplitude of the alternating current single-phase voltage according to claim 1, wherein the phase corresponding to the amplitude of the peak value of the negative half cycle of the collected alternating current single-phase voltage is as follows:
is a sampling interval value.
5. The method for calculating the amplitude of an alternating single-phase voltage according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the sampling interval values are:
is the sampling interval value, T is the period, and a is the step size.
6. The method for calculating the amplitude of an alternating current single-phase voltage according to claim 1, further comprising the step of slope-limiting and low-pass filtering the obtained calculated amplitude of the current period.
7. The method for resolving the amplitude of an alternating single phase voltage according to claim 6, wherein the slope is:
k is the slope, xrIs at presentSampling value, xsFor recent history data, a is the step size.
8. The method for resolving the amplitude of the alternating current single-phase voltage according to claim 6, wherein the frequency of the low-pass filtering is half of the theoretical frequency of the alternating current single-phase voltage.
9. A resolver for ac single phase voltage amplitude comprising a processor for executing instructions to implement a method comprising:
under the resolving frequency of the previous period, solving the average value of the low frequency quantity under the resolving period corresponding to the resolving frequency to obtain the differential pressure of the current period; the low-frequency quantity is the product of the collected alternating-current single-phase voltage and the solved cosine quantity of the previous period;
the calculation process of the differential pressure of the current period is as follows:
integrating the low-frequency quantity to obtain a first low-frequency quantity integral, and integrating the low-frequency quantity to obtain a second low-frequency quantity integral, wherein the second low-frequency quantity integral is one cycle of the first low-frequency quantity integral delay;
subtracting the second low-frequency integral from the first low-frequency integral to obtain an average value of the low-frequency quantity, and then multiplying the average value of the low-frequency quantity by the resolving frequency of the previous period to obtain the differential pressure of the current period;
obtaining the angular speed of the current period according to the differential pressure of the current period;
integrating the angular velocity of the current period to obtain an initial resolving phase of the current period, and then obtaining a resolving phase of the current period from the initial resolving phase of the current period;
solving the cosine value of the resolving phase of the current period to obtain the resolving cosine quantity of the current period;
obtaining the resolving frequency of the current period according to the angular speed of the current period;
and extracting the amplitude of the peak value of the positive half period and the amplitude of the peak value of the negative half period of the collected alternating current single-phase voltage according to the resolving phase of the current period, and solving the average value of the absolute values of the positive half period and the negative half period, wherein the average value is the resolving amplitude of the current period.
10. The ac single-phase voltage amplitude resolver according to claim 9, wherein the initial value of the resolving frequency is 50Hz, and the initial value of the resolving cosine quantity is 1.
11. The ac single-phase voltage amplitude resolver according to claim 9, wherein the phase corresponding to the amplitude of the peak value of the positive half cycle of the collected ac single-phase voltage is:
is a sampling interval value.
12. The ac single-phase voltage amplitude resolver according to claim 9, wherein the phase corresponding to the amplitude of the peak value of the negative half cycle of the collected ac single-phase voltage is:
is a sampling interval value.
13. A resolver for an ac single-phase voltage amplitude according to claim 11 or 12, characterised in that the sampling interval values are:
is the sampling interval value, T is the period, and a is the step size.
14. The apparatus for resolving an ac single-phase voltage amplitude according to claim 9, further comprising a step of slope-limiting, low-pass filtering the resulting resolved amplitude for the current period.
15. The apparatus for resolving an ac single phase voltage amplitude according to claim 14 wherein the slope is:
k is the slope, xrFor the current sample value, xsFor recent history data, a is the step size.
16. The resolver of amplitude of an ac single-phase voltage according to claim 14, wherein the frequency of the low-pass filtering is half the theoretical frequency of the ac single-phase voltage.
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| 一种利于DSP 实现的改进型电网电压软锁相环的研究;赵瑞杰;《电力系统保护与控制》;20130801;第41卷(第15期);第135-141页 * |
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