CN108490036A - The assay method of salinity in a kind of water - Google Patents
The assay method of salinity in a kind of water Download PDFInfo
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- CN108490036A CN108490036A CN201810210133.XA CN201810210133A CN108490036A CN 108490036 A CN108490036 A CN 108490036A CN 201810210133 A CN201810210133 A CN 201810210133A CN 108490036 A CN108490036 A CN 108490036A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of assay methods of salinity in water comprising following steps：The test that the water sample that temperature is (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C is carried out to pH value and conductivity, calculates directly from following formula；Under pH=6.00 ± 0.05, formula y=6*10‑5*x‑0.0048；Under pH=7.00 ± 0.05, formula y=7*10‑5*x‑0.007；Under pH=8.00 ± 0.05, formula y=8*10‑5*x‑0.0076；Under pH=9.00 ± 0.05, formula y=7*10‑5*x‑0.007；Under pH=10.00 ± 0.05, formula y=7*10‑5*x‑0.0059；Wherein, y is the mass percent concentration of salinity in water, and x is conductivity, and unit is μ S/cm；The mass percent concentration of the salinity is 0%~0.4%.The assay method of the present invention can obtain the total content of effects of ion, can play standardization role, be played a key effect with water for real time monitoring shipborne equipment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of assay methods of salinity in water.
Background technology
Unanimously it is dedicated to ship and offshore set-up safety and environmental protection in shipowner instantly, ship inspection, shipbuilding enterprise
Under overall situation, the detection of salinity in shipborne equipment water is paid attention to increasingly.
In recent years, the major accident caused due to the bursting of boilers etc. is a series of is commonplace, in shipbuilding production and ship
Such accident such as occurs in oceangoing ship navigation, consequence will be hardly imaginable, gently then brings economic loss, peace that is heavy then may influencing the person
Entirely, so the salinity of monitoring shipborne equipment water is necessary.The present invention is to promote human life and property safety waterborne
With protection ocean and other environmental services, huge economic benefit and social benefit will be brought.
Currently, GB/T 1576-2007《Industrial Boiler water quality》In relate to measure dissolved solid method, this method
The dissolved solid in boiler water is detected using gravimetric method, the ion that this method is not easy to reflect in solution system is strong
Degree state, can only side reaction solution pollutional condition.
For ship and Offshore Units in manufacture, operation equipment quality of water demand for control, in water salinity control be
Therefore key is badly in need of formulating scientific and reasonable salt water content detection standard.
Invention content
Technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a kind of assay method of salinity in water.This method can be from side
Reflect the ionic strength state in solution system, and the total content of effects of ion can be obtained, specification work can be played
With, for real time monitoring shipborne equipment played a key effect with water.
Applicant of the present invention has found by a large amount of experiment, when the mass percent concentration of salinity in water is 0%~
When 0.4%, salt lead it is more related with temperature and pH value than only, and it is unrelated with substance itself.
The present invention is to solve above-mentioned technical problem by the following technical programs.
The present invention provides a kind of assay methods of salinity in water comprising following steps：It is (20.0 ± 0.5) by temperature
DEG C water sample carry out pH value and conductivity test, directly from following formula calculate；
Under pH=6.00 ± 0.05, formula y=6*10-5*x-0.0048；
Under pH=7.00 ± 0.05, formula y=7*10-5*x-0.007；
Under pH=8.00 ± 0.05, formula y=8*10-5*x-0.0076；
Under pH=9.00 ± 0.05, formula y=7*10-5*x-0.007；
Under pH=10.00 ± 0.05, formula y=7*10-5*x-0.0059；
Wherein, y is the mass percent concentration of salinity in water, and x is conductivity, and unit is μ S/cm；
The mass percent concentration of the salinity is 0%~0.4%.
The conductivity, which can be used this field and carry out the conventional method of this generic operation, to be measured, preferably GB/T6908 rule
Fixed method is measured.
Salinity is preferably dissolved in all ions that water obtains by the salinity, more preferably includes sodium chloride, sulfuric acid
One or more salinities in magnesium, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium bromide, potassium chloride and sodium bicarbonate are dissolved in the institute that water obtains
There is ion.
The mass percent concentration of the salinity is preferably the mass percent concentration of salt all in solution.
When the temperature of the water sample is other temperature in addition to (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, it is preferably adjusted to (20.0
± 0.5) it DEG C, is adjusted in the constant temperature bath more preferably by placing it in (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C.
The preferred seawater of the water sample and/or municipal sewage.The seawater can be common seawater, and preferred solvent is
Water, solute include one or more in sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium bromide, potassium chloride and sodium bicarbonate
Seawater, more preferable solvent be water, solute include sodium chloride (50~80) %, magnesium sulfate (5~20) %, magnesium chloride (5~
20) sea of %, calcium chloride (1~10) %, sodium bromide (0.1~1) %, potassium chloride (1~5) %, sodium bicarbonate (0.1~1) %
Water, for example, solvent is water, solute includes sodium chloride 76.8%, magnesium sulfate 9.6%, magnesium chloride 6.9%, calcium chloride 3.2%, bromine
Change the seawater of sodium 0.8%, potassium chloride 2.1%, sodium bicarbonate 0.6%, the percentage refers to the mass percentage of various substances.
The municipal sewage can be common municipal sewage, and preferred solvent is water, solute include ammonium sulfate, sodium sulphate, sodium chloride and
One or more municipal sewages in sodium nitrite, more preferable solvent are water, and solute includes ammonium sulfate (30~50) %, sulfuric acid
The municipal sewage of sodium (30~45) %, sodium chloride (5~20) %, sodium nitrite (5~15) %, for example, solvent is water, solute packet
The municipal sewage of ammonium sulfate 40%, sodium sulphate 37%, sodium chloride 13%, sodium nitrite 10% is included, the percentage refers to various objects
The mass percentage of matter.
It is 10 DEG C -40 DEG C that the assay method, which could be applicable to temperature, for example, 10 DEG C, 20 DEG C, 30 DEG C or 40 DEG C.
On the basis of common knowledge of the art, above-mentioned each optimum condition can be combined arbitrarily to get each preferable reality of the present invention
Example.
The reagents and materials used in the present invention are commercially available.
A concentration of mass percentage of the present invention.
The positive effect of the present invention is that：The assay method of the present invention can reflect that the ion in solution system is strong
Degree state, and the total content of effects of ion can be obtained, standardization role can be played, to monitor shipborne equipment water in real time
It plays a key effect.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is sodium chloride standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=6.00 ± 0.05.
Fig. 2 is sodium chloride standard curve (highest content of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=6.00 ± 0.05
To 0.5%).
Fig. 3 is simulated seawater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=6.00 ± 0.05.
Fig. 4 is under pH=6.00 ± 0.05, and (highest contains simulated seawater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C
It measures to 0.5%).
Fig. 5 is synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=6.00 ± 0.05.
Fig. 6 is under pH=6.00 ± 0.05, and synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C is (most
High-content is to 0.5%).
Fig. 7 is sodium chloride standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=7.00 ± 0.05.
Fig. 8 is simulated seawater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=7.00 ± 0.05.
Fig. 9 is synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=7.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 10 is sodium chloride standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=8.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 11 is simulated seawater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=8.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 12 is synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=8.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 13 is sodium chloride standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=9.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 14 is simulated seawater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=9.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 15 is synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=9.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 16 is sodium chloride standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=10.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 17 is simulated seawater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=10.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 18 is synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=10.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 19 is temperature at (10.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, sodium chloride standard curve when ± 0.05 pH=7.00.
Figure 20 is temperature at (10.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, simulated seawater standard curve when ± 0.05 pH=7.00.
Figure 21 is temperature at (10.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve when ± 0.05 pH=7.00.
Figure 22 is temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, sodium chloride standard curve when ± 0.05 pH=7.00.
Figure 23 is temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, simulated seawater standard curve when ± 0.05 pH=7.00.
Figure 24 is temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve when ± 0.05 pH=7.00.
Figure 25 is temperature at (30.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, sodium chloride standard curve when ± 0.05 pH=7.00.
Figure 26 is temperature at (30.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, simulated seawater standard curve when ± 0.05 pH=7.00.
Figure 27 is temperature at (30.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve when ± 0.05 pH=7.00.
Figure 28 is temperature at (40.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, sodium chloride standard curve when ± 0.05 pH=7.00.
Figure 29 is temperature at (40.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, simulated seawater standard curve when ± 0.05 pH=7.00.
Figure 30 is temperature at (40.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve when ± 0.05 pH=7.00.
Specific implementation mode
It is further illustrated the present invention below by the mode of embodiment, but does not therefore limit the present invention to the reality
It applies among a range.In the following examples, the experimental methods for specific conditions are not specified, according to conventional methods and conditions, or according to quotient
Product specification selects.
One, experimental section
1. reagent
1.1 all reagents and water should use the chemical reagent for analyzing pure and above rank and freshly prepared unless otherwise prescribed
The two level for meeting 6682 defineds of GB/T and the above water.
1.2 sodium chloride typical shelf solution：It weighs 50.0000g sodium chloride (standard reagent) to be dissolved in 200mL water, move into
In 500mL volumetric flasks, it is diluted with water to scale, mixing.This solution is 1mL sodium chloride containing 0.1g.
1.3 hydrochloric acid solution：0.1mol/L.
1.4 sodium hydroxide solution：0.1mol/L.
2. instrument
2.1 electronic analytical balance：Minimum division value is 0.0001g.
2.2 conductivity meters (band temperature adjustmemt)：0 μ Scm of measurement range-1~10000 μ Scm-1。
2.3pH acidometers (band temperature adjustmemt)：Scale division value is 0.01pH units.
2.4 thermometer：Scale division value is 0.1 DEG C.
3. sampling
It is sampled by method as defined in 6907 standards of GB/T.
4 analytical procedures
4.1 salt lead the drafting than working curve
4.1.1 pipetting 100mL shipborne equipments uses water as the sample for measuring salinity, is surveyed by method as defined in GB/T 6904
Determine pH value.
4.1.2 the suitable range of linearity is chosen according to the concentration of sample with sodium chloride stock solution preparing standard solution,
Five calibration solution (not including blank solution) are generally at least used to establish working curve.
4.1.3 five selected points are pressed, corresponding each 100mL of chlorination sodium standard solution are prepared, as defined in GB/T6904
Method measures pH value.Example is referring to appendix A.
4.1.4 the pH value of chlorination sodium standard solution is adjusted according to the pH value of sample.If in the pH value range of sample, press
4.1.5 operation；If not within the scope of sample pH, with 0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid solutions or 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide solutions by chlorination
The pH value of sodium standard solution is adjusted to the range of sample pH, then is operated by 4.1.5.
4.1.5 it presses method as defined in GB/T 6908 and measures conductivity.
4.1.6 in the conductivity and pH value of bioassay standard solution, temperature should be kept consistent.
4.1.7 using the conductivity of chlorination sodium standard solution as abscissa, the concentration (i.e. salinity) of chlorination sodium standard solution is
Ordinate draws curve.
4.1.8 the related coefficient of working curve should be not less than 0.99, and slope is that salt leads ratio.
The measurement of 4.2 salinities
When 4.2.1 measuring shipborne equipment water sample, temperature is consistent when should be with drawing curve.
4.2.2 it presses 4.1.5 to operate, measures the conductivity of sample.
5 results calculate
The salinity of shipborne equipment water indicates that unit is mass percent concentration (%), is calculated according to the following formula with W：
W=S/K
In formula：The conductivity of S --- sample, unit are micro-Siemens (μ Scm per cm-1)；
K --- salt leads ratio, [μ S-1cm%].
The result of calculation of salinity in shipborne equipment water retains three effective digitals.
The arithmetic mean of instantaneous value for taking two results of replication, the measurement result as the salinity in shipborne equipment water.
Two, method validation
1, proof scheme
Using three kinds of different types of water quality：Standard chlorination sodium solution, simulated seawater, synthetic municipal wastewater are tested.
Simulated seawater ingredient：Sodium chloride 76.8%, magnesium sulfate 9.6%, magnesium chloride 6.9%, calcium chloride 3.2%, sodium bromide 0.8%, chlorine
Change potassium 2.1%, sodium bicarbonate 0.6%, the percentage refers to the mass percentage of various substances.By the above mass percentage
Solid matter is weighed, the mixing of solid solute is first carried out, is then diluted with water to each concentration.
Synthetic municipal wastewater ingredient：Ammonium sulfate 40%, sodium sulphate 37%, sodium chloride 13%, sodium nitrite 10%, described hundred
Score refers to the mass percentage of various substances.Solid matter is weighed by the above mass percentage, first carries out solid solute
Then mixing is diluted with water to each concentration.
Regression analysis is carried out to conductivity-salt content curve in terms of pH and temperature two respectively.The concentration range of experiment
It is 0%~0.5%.
2, method validation process
Using this method under conditions of controlling pH and temperature respectively, conductivity-salt content curve return and is divided
Analysis.Finally determine calibration curve and sample identical pH and at a temperature of tested.
Using conductivity as abscissa (x), concentration % is that ordinate (y) draws curve, and the relationship of y and x are as shown in the picture,
In, R2It is related coefficient, value is higher, more represents linear；
Curvilinear regression analysis under 2.1 difference pH, control temperature is in (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C.
(1) pH=6.00 ± 0.05
Fig. 1 is sodium chloride standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, wherein y=under pH=6.00 ± 0.05
6*10-5* x-0.0048, R2=0.9957.
Fig. 2 is sodium chloride standard curve (highest content of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=6.00 ± 0.05
To 0.5%), wherein y=7*10-5* x-0.0099, R2=0.9799.
Fig. 3 is simulated seawater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, wherein y under pH=6.00 ± 0.05
=6*10-5* x-0.0076, R2=0.9907.
Fig. 4 is under pH=6.00 ± 0.05, and (highest contains simulated seawater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C
It measures to 0.5%), wherein y=7*10-5* x-0.0128, R2=0.9795.
Fig. 5 is synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=6.00 ± 0.05,
In, y=7*10-5* x-0.0078, R2=0.9918.
Fig. 6 is under pH=6.00 ± 0.05, and synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C is (most
High-content is to 0.5%), wherein y=8*10-5* x-0.0133, R2=0.9781.
It is the curve that three kinds of different types of water quality is fitted respectively above, concentration range is 0%~0.5%, when concentration is big
In 0.4% curve, related coefficient is less than 0.99, and curve obviously has the tendency that deviation, so having selected the concentration less than 0.4%
Curve when range is as ± 0.05 pH6.00.Following experiment all only considers the concentration range less than 0.4%.
When concentration range is 0%~0.4%, the related coefficient of three curves is both greater than 0.99, illustrate it is respectively linear, it is existing
Prove that the relationship of this three curves is as follows.
By regression equation conspicuousness formula：
y1=a'+b'1x
y2=a "+b "1x
Residual variance
And close variance
Acquire the whether parallel foundation of two straight linesTable look-up tα,f, α takes 0.95, f=n1+n2- 4, if t ＜ tα,f, recognize
For two straight line parallels；If t ＞ tα,f, then there were significant differences for two straight lines.
Obtain the foundation whether two straight lines overlapTable look-up tα,f, α takes 0.95, f=n1+n2- 4, if t'＜ tα,f, recognize
It is overlapped for two straight lines；If t'＞ tα,f, then there were significant differences for two straight lines.
Using above-mentioned formula calculate relationship between three curves is to overlap, so judge at ± 0.05 pH6.00,
The concentration and conductivity of three kinds of different types of water quality are linear, and conductivity is unrelated with substance itself, only with quality percentage
Specific concentration is linear.
(2) pH=7.00 ± 0.05
Fig. 7 is sodium chloride standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, wherein y=under pH=7.00 ± 0.05
7*10-5* x-0.007, R2=0.9929.
Fig. 8 is simulated seawater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, wherein y under pH=7.00 ± 0.05
=7*10-5* x-0.0078, R2=0.9912.
Fig. 9 is synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=7.00 ± 0.05,
In, y=8*10-5* x-0.0077, R2=0.9921.
(3) pH=8.00 ± 0.05
Figure 10 is sodium chloride standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, wherein y=under pH=8.00 ± 0.05
8*10-5* x-0.0074, R2=0.992.
Figure 11 is simulated seawater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, wherein y under pH=8.00 ± 0.05
=8*10-5* x-0.0076, R2=0.9927.
Figure 12 is synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=8.00 ± 0.05,
In, y=9*10-5* x-0.007, R2=0.9944.
(4) pH=9.00 ± 0.05
Figure 13 is sodium chloride standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, wherein y=under pH=9.00 ± 0.05
7*10-5* x-0.007, R2=0.9931.
Figure 14 is simulated seawater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, wherein y under pH=9.00 ± 0.05
=8*10-5* x-0.0049, R2=0.9927.
Figure 15 is synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=9.00 ± 0.05,
In, y=8*10-5* x-0.0061, R2=0.9959.
(5) pH=10.00 ± 0.05
Figure 16 is sodium chloride standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, wherein y=under pH10.00 ± 0.05
7*10-5* x-0.0059, R2=0.9947.
Figure 17 is simulated seawater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, wherein y under pH10.00 ± 0.05
=8*10-5* x-0.0059, R2=0.9933.
Figure 18 is synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH10.00 ± 0.05,
In, y=9*10-5* x-0.004, R2=0.9959
Proving by the same methods：When pH7.00 ± 0.05, pH8.00 ± 0.05, pH9.00 ± 0.05, ± 0.05 pH10.00, three kinds
The concentration and conductivity of different types of water quality are linear, and conductivity is unrelated with substance itself, only dense with mass percent
It spends linear.
Curvilinear regression analysis under 2.2 different temperatures controls pH7.00 ± 0.05.
(1) temperature (10.0 ± 0.5) DEG C
Figure 19 is temperature at (10.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, sodium chloride standard curve when ± 0.05 pH7.00, wherein y=8*
10-5* x-0.0072, R2=0.9935.
Figure 20 is temperature at (10.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, simulated seawater standard curve when ± 0.05 pH7.00, wherein y=
9*10-5* x-0.0106, R2=0.9916.
Figure 21 is temperature at (10.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve when ± 0.05 pH7.00,
In, y=9*10-5* x-0.0083, R2=0.9946.
Using the formula that 8.2.1.1 is provided calculate relationship between three curves be overlap, so judge (10.0 ±
DEG C 0.5) when, the concentration and conductivity of three kinds of different types of water quality are linear, and conductivity is unrelated with substance itself, only with
Mass percent concentration is linear.
(2) temperature (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C
Figure 22 is temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, sodium chloride standard curve when ± 0.05 pH7.00, wherein y=7*
10-5* x-0.0108, R2=0.9909.
Figure 23 is temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, simulated seawater standard curve when ± 0.05 pH7.00, wherein y=
7*10-5* x-0.0122, R2=0.9887.
Figure 24 is temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve when ± 0.05 pH7.00,
In, y=8*10-5* x-0.0117, R2=0.9899.
(3) temperature (30.0 ± 0.5) DEG C
Figure 25 is temperature at (30.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, sodium chloride standard curve when ± 0.05 pH7.00, wherein y=6*
10-5* x-0.0096, R2=0.9919.
Figure 26 is temperature at (30.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, simulated seawater standard curve when ± 0.05 pH7.00, wherein y=
6*10-5* x-0.0113, R2=0.991.
Figure 27 is temperature at (30.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve when ± 0.05 pH7.00,
In, y=7*10-5* x-0.0115, R2=0.991.
(4) temperature (40.0 ± 0.5) DEG C
Figure 28 is temperature at (40.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, sodium chloride standard curve when ± 0.05 pH7.00, wherein y=5*
10-5* x-0.0113, R2=0.9908.
Figure 29 is temperature at (40.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, simulated seawater standard curve when ± 0.05 pH7.00, wherein y=
5*10-5* x-0.0127, R2=0.9909.
Figure 30 is temperature at (40.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve when ± 0.05 pH7.00,
In, y=6*10-5* x-0.0127, R2=0.9908.
Proving by the same methods：When (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, (30.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, (40.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, three kinds of different types of water
The concentration and conductivity of matter are linear, and conductivity is unrelated with substance itself, only linear with mass percent concentration.
3, preci-sion and accuracy is assessed
Due to there is no the national standard substance of salinity solution and international reference materials, now voluntarily prepared using guaranteed reagent
Salinity standard substance, main component are the mixture of simulated seawater and simulated domestic wastewater.Previous demonstration crosses conductivity and object
Matter itself is unrelated, only related with mass percent concentration, so be directly 0.0190% in random ratio preparation salt content,
0.0450%, 0.140%, 0.230%, 0.300%, 0.400% etc. 6 aqueous solution control standard specimen is tested, test condition
For pH7.00 ± 0.05, temperature (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C.
3.1 precision test statistical analyses：
(1) initial data
Raw data list is as follows, indicates that none of data have special mark with mass percent [% (m/m)]
Note.
(2) cell-average valueCalculating
Cell-average value is listed in the following table, and unit is mass percent [% (m/m)].
(3) standard deviation sijCalculating
Standard deviation is listed in the following table, and unit is mass percent [% (m/m)].
(4) consistency and the inspection of peeling off property
It is examined according to Ke Kelun, 6 concentration each units are all without outlier.Grubbs are examined and are applied to cell-average
There is outlier, need to give up in value, the data of the laboratory 5 of the laboratory 2 of discovery level 2, the laboratory 2 of level 4 and 4, level 6
It goes.
(5)srjAnd sRjCalculating
(6) relationship of precision and m
According to the formula of 8.3.1.5, salt content in water outlet is calculatedsrjAnd sRjValue, see the table below.
Conclusion：
Measurement method precision (being indicated with the percentage of quality) can be quoted from as follows：
Repeated standard deviation：sr=0.00130；
Reproducibility standards are poor：sR=0.00625.
The proper range of these values is 0.0190%~0.400% (m/m).These values are by there is 5 laboratories to participate in
Consistent level experiment obtain.
3.2 rate of recovery calculate
Using top grade pure sodium chloride as mark-on substance, the rate of recovery is calculated, see the table below.
4.0 salt lead the drafting than curve
With a concentration of ordinate of standard solution, the conductivity of standard solution is that abscissa draws curve, the curve it is oblique
Rate is that salt leads ratio.According to the verification of front, within the scope of a certain concentration, under mutually synthermal and pH, when the concentration of solution is identical,
Conductivity is identical.
Claims (10)
1. the assay method of salinity in a kind of water, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps：It is (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C by temperature
Water sample carry out pH value and conductivity test, directly from following formula calculate；
Under pH=6.00 ± 0.05, formula y=6*10-5*x-0.0048；
Under pH=7.00 ± 0.05, formula y=7*10-5*x-0.007；
Under pH=8.00 ± 0.05, formula y=8*10-5*x-0.0076；
Under pH=9.00 ± 0.05, formula y=7*10-5*x-0.007；
Under pH=10.00 ± 0.05, formula y=7*10-5*x-0.0059；
Wherein, y is the mass percent concentration of salinity in water, and x is conductivity, and unit is μ S/cm；
The mass percent concentration of the salinity is 0%~0.4%.
2. assay method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the conductivity is using method as defined in GB/T6908
It is measured.
3. assay method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the salt is divided into is dissolved in the institute that water obtains by salinity
There is ion, preferably comprises one kind in sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium bromide, potassium chloride and sodium bicarbonate
Or a variety of salinities is dissolved in all ions that water obtains.
4. assay method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that when the temperature of the water sample is except (20.0 ± 0.5)
It when other temperature outside DEG C, is adjusted to (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, preferably the constant temperature by placing it in (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C
It is adjusted in bath.
5. assay method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the water is seawater and/or municipal sewage.
6. assay method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the seawater is that solvent is water, and solute includes chlorination
One or more seawater in sodium, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium bromide, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate.
7. assay method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the seawater is that solvent is water, and solute includes chlorination
Sodium (50~80) %, magnesium sulfate (5~20) %, magnesium chloride (5~20) %, calcium chloride (1~10) %, sodium bromide (0.1~
1) seawater of %, potassium chloride (1~5) %, sodium bicarbonate (0.1~1) %, preferably solute include sodium chloride 76.8%, magnesium sulfate
9.6%, the seawater of magnesium chloride 6.9%, calcium chloride 3.2%, sodium bromide 0.8%, potassium chloride 2.1%, sodium bicarbonate 0.6%, institute
State the mass percentage that percentage refers to various substances.
8. assay method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the municipal sewage is that solvent is water, and solute includes
One or more municipal sewages in ammonium sulfate, sodium sulphate, sodium chloride and sodium nitrite.
9. assay method as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the municipal sewage is that solvent is water, and solute includes
Ammonium sulfate (30~50) %, sodium sulphate (30~45) %, sodium chloride (5~20) %, the city of sodium nitrite (5~15) % are dirty
Water, preferably solute include the municipal sewage of ammonium sulfate 40%, sodium sulphate 37%, sodium chloride 13%, sodium nitrite 10%, and described hundred
Score refers to the mass percentage of various substances.
10. such as claim 1-9 any one of them assay methods, which is characterized in that the assay method applies also for temperature
Degree is 10 DEG C -40 DEG C, for example, 10 DEG C, 20 DEG C, 30 DEG C or 40 DEG C.
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