CN108267485A - The assay method of salinity in a kind of water - Google Patents
The assay method of salinity in a kind of water Download PDFInfo
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- CN108267485A CN108267485A CN201810210690.1A CN201810210690A CN108267485A CN 108267485 A CN108267485 A CN 108267485A CN 201810210690 A CN201810210690 A CN 201810210690A CN 108267485 A CN108267485 A CN 108267485A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of assay methods of salinity in water, include the following steps：PH value, temperature and the conductivity of sample are measured, is calculated using equation below；Conductivity/salt of mass percent concentration=sample of the salinity of sample leads ratio；The mass percent concentration of the salinity is 0%~0.4%；The salt is led than being obtained by following methods, and the method includes the following steps：The normal saline solution that mass percent concentration is 0%~0.4% is prepared, tests its conductivity under the pH value and the temperature, imports formula：Salt leads the mass percent concentration of the conductivity/salting liquid of the ratio=salting liquid；The salt of the sample is led than leading ratio for the salt of the normal saline solution under the pH and the temperature.The assay method of the present invention can obtain the total content of effects of ion, can play standardization role, be played a key effect for real time monitoring shipborne equipment with water.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of assay methods of salinity in water.
Background technology
Unanimously it is dedicated to ship and offshore set-up safety and environmental protection in shipowner instantly, ship inspection, shipbuilding enterprise
Under overall situation, the detection of salinity in shipborne equipment water is paid attention to increasingly.
In recent years, the major accident caused due to the bursting of boilers etc. is a series of is commonplace, in shipbuilding production and ship
Such accident such as occurs in oceangoing ship navigation, consequence will be hardly imaginable, gently then brings economic loss, peace that is heavy then may influencing the person
Entirely, so the salinity of monitoring shipborne equipment water is necessary.The present invention is to promote human life and property safety waterborne
With protection ocean and other environmental services, huge economic benefit and social benefit will be brought.
At present, GB/T 1576-2007《Industrial Boiler water quality》In relate to measure dissolved solid method, this method
The dissolved solid in boiler water is detected using gravimetric method, the ion that this method is not easy to reflect in solution system is strong
Degree state, can only side reaction solution pollutional condition.
For ship and Offshore Units in manufacture, operation equipment quality of water demand for control, in water salinity control be
Therefore key, is badly in need of formulating scientific and reasonable salt water content detection standard.
Invention content
Technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a kind of assay method of salinity in water.This method can be from side
Reflect the ionic strength state in solution system, and the total content of effects of ion can be obtained, specification work can be played
With, for real time monitoring shipborne equipment played a key effect with water.
Applicant of the present invention has found by a large amount of experiment, when salinity in water mass percent concentration for 0%~
When 0.4%, salt lead it is more related with temperature and pH value than only, it is and unrelated with substance itself.
The present invention is to solve above-mentioned technical problem by the following technical programs.
The present invention provides a kind of assay methods of salinity in water, include the following steps：Measure pH value, the temperature of sample
And conductivity, it is calculated using equation below；
Conductivity/salt of mass percent concentration=sample of the salinity of sample leads ratio；
The mass percent concentration of the salinity is 0%~0.4%；
The salt is led than being obtained by following methods, and the method includes the following steps：Prepare mass percent concentration
For 0%~0.4% normal saline solution, its conductivity under the pH value and the temperature is tested, imports formula：
Salt leads the mass percent concentration of the conductivity/salting liquid of the ratio=salting liquid
The salt of the sample is led than under the pH and the temperature, the salt of the normal saline solution leads ratio.
The preferred pH=6-10 of the pH, for example, pH=6,7,8,9 or 10.
The temperature is preferably 10 DEG C -40 DEG C, for example, 10 DEG C, 20 DEG C, 30 DEG C or 40 DEG C.
The conductivity, which can be used this field and carry out the conventional method of this generic operation, to be measured, preferably GB/T6908 rule
Fixed method is measured.
The normal saline solution can be the conventional criteria salting liquid of this field, for example, sodium chloride normal saline solution.
The salinity is preferably all ions for being dissolved in water.
The mass percent concentration of the salinity is preferably the mass percent concentration of salt all in solution.
The preferred seawater of the water and/or municipal sewage.The seawater can be common seawater, and preferred solvent is water,
Solute includes one or more seas in sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium bromide, potassium chloride and sodium bicarbonate
Water, more preferable solvent are water, and solute includes sodium chloride (50~80) %, magnesium sulfate (5~20) %, magnesium chloride (5~20) %, chlorine
Change the seawater of calcium (1~10) %, sodium bromide (0.1~1) %, potassium chloride (1~5) %, sodium bicarbonate (0.1~1) %, for example,
Solvent is water, and solute includes sodium chloride 76.8%, magnesium sulfate 9.6%, magnesium chloride 6.9%, calcium chloride 3.2%, sodium bromide
0.8%th, the seawater of potassium chloride 2.1%, sodium bicarbonate 0.6%, the percentage refer to the mass percentage of various substances.It is described
Municipal sewage can be common municipal sewage, preferred solvent is water, and solute includes ammonium sulfate, sodium sulphate, sodium chloride and nitrous
One or more municipal sewages in sour sodium, more preferable solvent are water, and solute includes ammonium sulfate (30~50) %, sodium sulphate
(30~45) %, sodium chloride (5~20) %, sodium nitrite (5~15) % municipal sewage, for example, solvent is water, solute includes
Ammonium sulfate 40%, sodium sulphate 37%, sodium chloride 13%, sodium nitrite 10% municipal sewage, the percentage refers to various substances
Mass percentage.
Specifically, assay method of the invention is as follows：For example, a certain moisture samples, temperature is 20 DEG C, pH=7 after measured,
Conductivity is A, and in order to obtain the mass percent concentration of wherein salinity, it is molten for C standard salts need to only to prepare mass percent concentration
Liquid (such as standard solution of sodium chloride), under conditions of measuring 20 DEG C and pH=7, the conductivity K of normal saline solution, then the mark
The salt of quasi- salting liquid is led than for K/C, also the salt for institute's test specimens under the conditions of the temperature and pH leads ratio, imports formula：The salt of sample
Conductivity/salt of the mass percent concentration=sample divided is led than the mass percent concentration to get salinity in sample.
On the basis of common knowledge of the art, above-mentioned each optimum condition can be combined arbitrarily to get each preferable reality of the present invention
Example.
The reagents and materials used in the present invention are commercially available.
A concentration of mass percentage of the present invention.
The positive effect of the present invention is：The assay method of the present invention can reflect that the ion in solution system is strong
Degree state, and the total content of effects of ion can be obtained, standardization role can be played, to monitor shipborne equipment water in real time
It plays a key effect.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is sodium chloride standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=6.00 ± 0.05.
Fig. 2 is sodium chloride standard curve (highest content of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=6.00 ± 0.05
To 0.5%).
Fig. 3 is simulated seawater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=6.00 ± 0.05.
Fig. 4 is under pH=6.00 ± 0.05, and (highest contains simulated seawater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C
It measures to 0.5%).
Fig. 5 is synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=6.00 ± 0.05.
Fig. 6 is under pH=6.00 ± 0.05, and synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C is (most
High-content is to 0.5%).
Fig. 7 is sodium chloride standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=7.00 ± 0.05.
Fig. 8 is simulated seawater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=7.00 ± 0.05.
Fig. 9 is synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=7.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 10 is sodium chloride standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=8.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 11 is simulated seawater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=8.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 12 is synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=8.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 13 is sodium chloride standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=9.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 14 is simulated seawater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=9.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 15 is synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=9.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 16 is sodium chloride standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=10.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 17 is simulated seawater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=10.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 18 is synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=10.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 19 is temperature at (10.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, sodium chloride standard curve during pH=7.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 20 is temperature at (10.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, simulated seawater standard curve during pH=7.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 21 is temperature at (10.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve during pH=7.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 22 is temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, sodium chloride standard curve during pH=7.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 23 is temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, simulated seawater standard curve during pH=7.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 24 is temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve during pH=7.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 25 is temperature at (30.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, sodium chloride standard curve during pH=7.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 26 is temperature at (30.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, simulated seawater standard curve during pH=7.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 27 is temperature at (30.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve during pH=7.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 28 is temperature at (40.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, sodium chloride standard curve during pH=7.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 29 is temperature at (40.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, simulated seawater standard curve during pH=7.00 ± 0.05.
Figure 30 is temperature at (40.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve during pH=7.00 ± 0.05.
Specific embodiment
It is further illustrated the present invention below by the mode of embodiment, but does not therefore limit the present invention to the reality
It applies among a range.Test method without specific conditions in the following example, according to conventional methods and conditions or according to quotient
Product specification selects.
First, experimental section
1. reagent
1.1 all reagents and water unless otherwise prescribed, should use and analyze pure and above rank chemical reagent and freshly prepared
Meet the two level of 6682 defineds of GB/T and more than water.
1.2 sodium chloride typical shelf solution：It weighs 50.0000g sodium chloride (standard reagent) to be dissolved in 200mL water, move into
In 500mL volumetric flasks, it is diluted with water to scale, mixing.This solution is 1mL sodium chloride containing 0.1g.
1.3 hydrochloric acid solution：0.1mol/L.
1.4 sodium hydroxide solution：0.1mol/L.
2. instrument
2.1 electronic analytical balance：Minimum division value is 0.0001g.
2.2 conductivity meters (band temperature adjustmemt)：0 μ Scm of measurement range-1~10000 μ Scm-1。
2.3pH acidometers (band temperature adjustmemt)：Scale division value is 0.01pH units.
2.4 thermometer：Scale division value is 0.1 DEG C.
3. sampling
The method as defined in 6907 standards of GB/T is sampled.
4 analytical procedures
4.1 salt lead the drafting than working curve
4.1.1 100mL shipborne equipments are pipetted by the use of water as the sample for measuring salinity, method is surveyed as defined in GB/T 6904
Determine pH value.
4.1.2 with sodium chloride stock solution preparing standard solution, according to the concentration of sample, the suitable range of linearity is chosen,
Generally at least working curve is established (not including blank solution) using five calibration solution.
4.1.3 by five selected points, corresponding each 100mL of chlorination sodium standard solution is prepared, as defined in GB/T6904
Method measures pH value.Example is referring to appendix A.
4.1.4 the pH value of chlorination sodium standard solution is adjusted according to the pH value of sample.If in the pH value range of sample, press
4.1.5 operation；If not in the range of sample pH, with 0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid solutions or 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide solutions by chlorination
The pH value of sodium standard solution is adjusted to the range of sample pH, then is operated by 4.1.5.
4.1.5 method measures conductivity as defined in GB/T 6908.
4.1.6 in the conductivity and pH value of bioassay standard solution, temperature should be kept consistent.
4.1.7 using the conductivity of chlorination sodium standard solution as abscissa, the concentration (i.e. salinity) of chlorination sodium standard solution is
Ordinate draws curve.
4.1.8 the related coefficient of working curve should be not less than 0.99, and slope leads ratio for salt.
The measure of 4.2 salinities
When 4.2.1 measuring shipborne equipment water sample, temperature should be with being consistent during drawing curve.
4.2.2 it is operated by 4.1.5, measures the conductivity of sample.
5 results calculate
The salinity of shipborne equipment water represents that unit is mass percent concentration (%), is calculated by following equation with W：
W=S/K
In formula：The conductivity of S --- sample, unit are micro-Siemens (μ Scm per cm-1)；
K --- salt leads ratio, [μ S-1cm%].
The result of calculation of salinity in shipborne equipment water retains three effective digitals.
The arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of two results of replication is taken, the measurement result as the salinity in shipborne equipment water.
2nd, method validation
1st, proof scheme
Using three kinds of different types of water quality：Standard chlorination sodium solution, simulated seawater, synthetic municipal wastewater are tested.
Simulated seawater ingredient：Sodium chloride 76.8%, magnesium sulfate 9.6%, magnesium chloride 6.9%, calcium chloride 3.2%, sodium bromide 0.8%, chlorine
Change potassium 2.1%, sodium bicarbonate 0.6%, the percentage refers to the mass percentage of various substances.Press more than mass percentage
Solid matter is weighed, the mixing of solid solute is first carried out, is then diluted with water to each concentration.
Synthetic municipal wastewater ingredient：Ammonium sulfate 40%, sodium sulphate 37%, sodium chloride 13%, sodium nitrite 10%, described hundred
Score refers to the mass percentage of various substances.Solid matter is weighed by more than mass percentage, first carries out solid solute
Then mixing is diluted with water to each concentration.
Regression analysis is carried out to conductivity-salt content curve in terms of pH and temperature two respectively.The concentration range of experiment
It is 0%~0.5%.
2nd, method validation process
Using this method under conditions of pH and temperature is controlled respectively, conductivity-salt content curve return and is divided
Analysis.Finally determine that calibration curve and sample are tested in identical pH at a temperature of.
Using conductivity as abscissa (x), concentration % draws curve for ordinate (y), the relationship of y and x as shown in drawings,
In, R2It is related coefficient, value is higher, more represents linear；
Curvilinear regression analysis under 2.1 difference pH, control temperature is in (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C.
(1) pH=6.00 ± 0.05
Fig. 1 is sodium chloride standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=6.00 ± 0.05, wherein, y=
6*10-5* x-0.0048, R2=0.9957.
Fig. 2 is sodium chloride standard curve (highest content of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=6.00 ± 0.05
To 0.5%), wherein, y=7*10-5* x-0.0099, R2=0.9799.
Fig. 3 is simulated seawater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=6.00 ± 0.05, wherein, y
=6*10-5* x-0.0076, R2=0.9907.
Fig. 4 is under pH=6.00 ± 0.05, and (highest contains simulated seawater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C
It measures to 0.5%), wherein, y=7*10-5* x-0.0128, R2=0.9795.
Fig. 5 is synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=6.00 ± 0.05,
In, y=7*10-5* x-0.0078, R2=0.9918.
Fig. 6 is under pH=6.00 ± 0.05, and synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C is (most
High-content to 0.5%), wherein, y=8*10-5* x-0.0133, R2=0.9781.
It is the curve that three kinds of different types of water quality is fitted respectively above, concentration range is 0%~0.5%, when concentration is big
In 0.4% curve, related coefficient is less than 0.99, and curve significantly has the tendency that deviation, so having selected the concentration less than 0.4%
Curve when range is as pH6.00 ± 0.05.Following experiment all only considers the concentration range less than 0.4%.
When concentration range is 0%~0.4%, the related coefficient of three curves is both greater than 0.99, illustrate it is respectively linear, it is existing
Prove that the relationship of this three curves is as follows.
By regression equation conspicuousness formula：
y1=a'+b'1x
y2=a "+b'1'x
Residual variance
And close variance
Acquire the whether parallel foundation of two straight linesTable look-up tα,f, α takes 0.95, f=n1+n2- 4, if t ＜ tα,f, recognize
For two straight line parallels；If t ＞ tα,f, then there were significant differences for two straight lines.
Obtain the foundation whether two straight lines overlapTable look-up tα,f, α takes 0.95, f=n1+n2- 4, if t'＜ tα,f, recognize
It is overlapped for two straight lines；If t'＞ tα,f, then there were significant differences for two straight lines.
Using above-mentioned formula calculate relationship between three curves is to overlap, so judge at pH6.00 ± 0.05,
The concentration and conductivity of three kinds of different types of water quality are linear, and conductivity and substance itself are unrelated, only with quality percentage
Specific concentration is linear.
(2) pH=7.00 ± 0.05
Fig. 7 is sodium chloride standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=7.00 ± 0.05, wherein, y=
7*10-5* x-0.007, R2=0.9929.
Fig. 8 is simulated seawater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=7.00 ± 0.05, wherein, y
=7*10-5* x-0.0078, R2=0.9912.
Fig. 9 is synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=7.00 ± 0.05,
In, y=8*10-5* x-0.0077, R2=0.9921.
(3) pH=8.00 ± 0.05
Figure 10 is sodium chloride standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=8.00 ± 0.05, wherein, y=
8*10-5* x-0.0074, R2=0.992.
Figure 11 is simulated seawater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=8.00 ± 0.05, wherein, y
=8*10-5* x-0.0076, R2=0.9927.
Figure 12 is synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=8.00 ± 0.05,
In, y=9*10-5* x-0.007, R2=0.9944.
(4) pH=9.00 ± 0.05
Figure 13 is sodium chloride standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=9.00 ± 0.05, wherein, y=
7*10-5* x-0.007, R2=0.9931.
Figure 14 is simulated seawater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=9.00 ± 0.05, wherein, y
=8*10-5* x-0.0049, R2=0.9927.
Figure 15 is synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH=9.00 ± 0.05,
In, y=8*10-5* x-0.0061, R2=0.9959.
(5) pH=10.00 ± 0.05
Figure 16 is sodium chloride standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH10.00 ± 0.05, wherein, y=
7*10-5* x-0.0059, R2=0.9947.
Figure 17 is simulated seawater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH10.00 ± 0.05, wherein, y
=8*10-5* x-0.0059, R2=0.9933.
Figure 18 is synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve of the temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C under pH10.00 ± 0.05,
In, y=9*10-5* x-0.004, R2=0.9959
Proving by the same methods：When pH7.00 ± 0.05, pH8.00 ± 0.05, pH9.00 ± 0.05, pH10.00 ± 0.05, three kinds
The concentration and conductivity of different types of water quality are linear, and conductivity and substance itself are unrelated, only dense with mass percent
It spends linear.
Curvilinear regression analysis under 2.2 different temperatures controls pH7.00 ± 0.05.
(1) temperature (10.0 ± 0.5) DEG C
Figure 19 is temperature at (10.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, sodium chloride standard curve during pH7.00 ± 0.05, wherein, y=8*
10-5* x-0.0072, R2=0.9935.
Figure 20 is temperature at (10.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, simulated seawater standard curve during pH7.00 ± 0.05, wherein, y=
9*10-5* x-0.0106, R2=0.9916.
Figure 21 is temperature at (10.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve during pH7.00 ± 0.05,
In, y=9*10-5* x-0.0083, R2=0.9946.
Using the formula that 8.2.1.1 is provided calculate relationship between three curves is to overlap, so judge (10.0 ±
DEG C 0.5) when, the concentration and conductivity of three kinds of different types of water quality are linear, and conductivity and substance itself are unrelated, only with
Mass percent concentration is linear.
(2) temperature (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C
Figure 22 is temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, sodium chloride standard curve during pH7.00 ± 0.05, wherein, y=7*
10-5* x-0.0108, R2=0.9909.
Figure 23 is temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, simulated seawater standard curve during pH7.00 ± 0.05, wherein, y=
7*10-5* x-0.0122, R2=0.9887.
Figure 24 is temperature at (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve during pH7.00 ± 0.05,
In, y=8*10-5* x-0.0117, R2=0.9899.
(3) temperature (30.0 ± 0.5) DEG C
Figure 25 is temperature at (30.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, sodium chloride standard curve during pH7.00 ± 0.05, wherein, y=6*
10-5* x-0.0096, R2=0.9919.
Figure 26 is temperature at (30.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, simulated seawater standard curve during pH7.00 ± 0.05, wherein, y=
6*10-5* x-0.0113, R2=0.991.
Figure 27 is temperature at (30.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve during pH7.00 ± 0.05,
In, y=7*10-5* x-0.0115, R2=0.991.
(4) temperature (40.0 ± 0.5) DEG C
Figure 28 is temperature at (40.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, sodium chloride standard curve during pH7.00 ± 0.05, wherein, y=5*
10-5* x-0.0113, R2=0.9908.
Figure 29 is temperature at (40.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, simulated seawater standard curve during pH7.00 ± 0.05, wherein, y=
5*10-5* x-0.0127, R2=0.9909.
Figure 30 is temperature at (40.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, synthetic municipal wastewater standard curve during pH7.00 ± 0.05,
In, y=6*10-5* x-0.0127, R2=0.9908.
Proving by the same methods：When (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, (30.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, (40.0 ± 0.5) DEG C, three kinds of different types of water
The concentration and conductivity of matter are linear, and conductivity and substance itself are unrelated, only linear with mass percent concentration.
3rd, preci-sion and accuracy is assessed
Due to there is no the national standard substance of salinity solution and international reference materials, now voluntarily prepared using guaranteed reagent
Salinity standard substance, main component are simulated seawater and the mixture of simulated domestic wastewater.Previous demonstration crosses conductivity and object
Matter itself is unrelated, only related with mass percent concentration, so be 0.0190% directly in random ratio preparation salt content,
0.0450%th, 0.140%, 0.230%, 0.300%, 0.400% etc. 6 aqueous solution control standard specimen is tested, test condition
For pH7.00 ± 0.05, temperature (20.0 ± 0.5) DEG C.
3.1 precision test statistical analyses：
(1) initial data
Raw data list is as follows, represents that none of data have special mark with mass percent [% (m/m)]
Note.
(2) cell-average valueCalculating
Cell-average value is listed in the following table, and unit is mass percent [% (m/m)].
(3) standard deviation sijCalculating
Standard deviation is listed in the following table, and unit is mass percent [% (m/m)].
(4) consistency and the inspection of peeling off property
It is examined according to Ke Kelun, 6 concentration each units are all without outlier.Grubbs are examined and are applied to cell-average
Value, the laboratory 2 of discovery level 2, the laboratory 2 and 4 of level 4, level 6 the data of laboratory 5 there is outlier, need to give up
It goes.
(5)srjAnd sRjCalculating
(6) precision and the relationship of m
According to the formula of 8.3.1.5, salt content in water outlet is calculatedsrjAnd sRjValue, see the table below.
Conclusion：
Measuring method precision (being represented with the percentage of quality) can be quoted from as follows：
Repeated standard deviation：sr=0.00130；
Reproducibility standards are poor：sR=0.00625.
The proper range of these values is 0.0190%~0.400% (m/m).These values are by there is 5 laboratories to participate in
Consistent level experiment obtain.
3.2 rate of recovery calculate
Using top grade pure sodium chloride as mark-on substance, the rate of recovery is calculated, see the table below.
4.0 salt lead the drafting than curve
With a concentration of ordinate of standard solution, the conductivity of standard solution draws curve for abscissa, the curve it is oblique
Rate leads ratio for salt.According to the verification of front, in the range of a certain concentration, under mutually synthermal and pH, when the concentration of solution is identical,
Conductivity is identical.
Claims (10)
1. the assay method of salinity in a kind of water, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps：Measure the pH value of sample, temperature and
Conductivity is calculated using equation below；
Conductivity/salt of mass percent concentration=sample of the salinity of sample leads ratio；
The mass percent concentration of the salinity is 0%~0.4%；
The salt is led than being obtained by following methods, and the method includes the following steps：It is 0% to prepare mass percent concentration
~0.4% normal saline solution tests its conductivity under the pH value and the temperature, imports formula：
Salt leads the mass percent concentration of the conductivity/salting liquid of the ratio=salting liquid
The salt of the sample is led than leading ratio for the salt of the normal saline solution.
2. assay method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the pH=6-10；
And/or the temperature is 10 DEG C -40 DEG C；
And/or the conductivity is measured using method as defined in GB/T6908.
3. assay method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the normal saline solution is molten for sodium chloride standard salt
Liquid.
4. assay method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the water is seawater and/or municipal sewage.
5. assay method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the seawater is that solvent is water, and solute includes chlorination
One or more seawater in sodium, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium bromide, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate.
6. assay method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the seawater is that solvent is water, and solute includes chlorination
Sodium (50~80) %, magnesium sulfate (5~20) %, magnesium chloride (5~20) %, calcium chloride (1~10) %, sodium bromide (0.1~
1) seawater of %, potassium chloride (1~5) %, sodium bicarbonate (0.1~1) %, the quality percentage that the percentage refers to various substances contain
Amount.
7. assay method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the seawater is that solvent is water, and solute includes chlorination
Sodium 76.8%, magnesium sulfate 9.6%, magnesium chloride 6.9%, calcium chloride 3.2%, sodium bromide 0.8%, potassium chloride 2.1%, sodium bicarbonate
0.6% seawater, the percentage refer to the mass percentage of various substances.
8. assay method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the municipal sewage is that solvent is water, and solute includes
One or more municipal sewages in ammonium sulfate, sodium sulphate, sodium chloride and sodium nitrite.
9. assay method as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the municipal sewage is that solvent is water, and solute includes
Ammonium sulfate (30~50) %, sodium sulphate (30~45) %, sodium chloride (5~20) %, the city of sodium nitrite (5~15) % are dirty
Water, the percentage refer to the mass percentage of various substances.
10. assay method as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that the municipal sewage is that solvent is water, and solute includes
Ammonium sulfate 40%, sodium sulphate 37%, sodium chloride 13%, sodium nitrite 10% municipal sewage, the percentage refers to various substances
Mass percentage.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN111595908A (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-08-28 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | Method for detecting salt content of abrasive used for sand blasting steel surface |
| CN112147188A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-12-29 | 青岛科技大学 | Method for rapidly determining ash content in vulcanization accelerator MBTS |
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