CN108489800B - Pressure applying assembly and experimental device for testing elastic after-effect of rock - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a pressure applying assembly, which comprises an outer barrel, wherein the outer barrel is hermetically assembled with a fixed sealing ring, and a first conductive block, a spacer ring, a resetting piece, a limiting table and a second guide block are sequentially arranged in the outer barrel from left to right; the first conductive block is provided with a conductive convex column, the second guide block is provided with a flashlight, and the conductive convex column can be assembled with the flashlight for conduction; the first lead is connected with one end of the electricity taking column for conduction, and the electricity taking column is assembled and fixed with the conductive convex column; the second wire is connected with one end of the electricity taking wire for conduction, the electricity taking wire is connected with the electricity taking sheet on the inner side of the electricity taking cylinder for conduction, and the electricity taking sheet is fixed in the electricity taking inner cylinder of the electricity taking torch; the reset piece is used for pushing the second conductive block to the right. The invention also discloses an experimental device for testing the elastic after-effect of the rock, which applies the pressure applying assembly. The invention can detect the disturbance, relaxation, uniaxial pressure application and elastic aftereffect of the sample, and can actually complete most of parameter detection of the current mechanical research on the rock.

Description

Pressure applying assembly and experimental device for testing elastic after-effect of rock

Technical Field

The invention relates to an experimental device, in particular to a pressing component and an experimental device for testing the elastic after effect of a rock.

Background

In the fields of civil engineering, mining and the like, it is necessary to study the mechanical properties of rocks, and the rocks can help designers to carry out engineering design, so that the construction progress is ensured, the construction cost is reduced, and potential safety hazards are eliminated.

The mechanical property research of the current rock mainly focuses on: tensile strength, compressive strength, confining pressure, elasticity, elastic aftereffect, disturbance, relaxation and the like, which can reflect the mechanical properties of the rock from various aspects. Thereby providing the designer with a valid reference or study.

In the prior art, there are related testing devices, such as a rock disturbance generating mechanism and a relaxation-disturbance comprehensive experimental device thereof described in chinese patent application with publication number CN107221236A, but when the device is actually used, the disturbance force that can be performed by the device is small, and the device cannot meet the requirements in a disturbance experiment requiring large force. And the transient impact is adopted for disturbance, so that the experiment requiring longer disturbance time cannot be met.

In addition, at present, no experimental device for performing elastic after-effect on a rock experiment exists, and at present, the conventional method is to perform phase-change research on the elastic after-effect of the rock by using relaxation, but the research result obtained in such a way is not accurate. For a long time, researchers have not studied the elastic aftereffect of rocks in depth. However, the elastic aftereffect of the rock can play a very high reference role in mine mining and tunnel excavation.

Therefore, the applicant provides a pressure applying assembly and an experimental device for testing the elastic after-effect of the rock, which are used for testing the disturbance and the elastic after-effect of the rock and can provide large-force and long-time disturbance.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a pressing assembly and an experimental apparatus for testing the rock elastic residual effect thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a pressure applying assembly, which comprises an outer barrel in sealing assembly with a fixed sealing ring, wherein a first conductive block, a spacer ring, a resetting piece, a limiting table and a second guide block are sequentially arranged in the outer barrel from left to right;

the first conductive block is provided with a conductive convex column, the second guide block is provided with a power taking barrel, and the conductive convex column can be assembled with the power taking barrel to conduct electricity;

the first lead penetrates through the outer barrel and the first conductive block to be connected and conductive with one end of the electricity taking column, and the electricity taking column is assembled and fixed with the conductive convex column;

the second lead penetrates through the outer barrel and the second conductive block to be connected and conductive with one end of the electricity taking lead, the electricity taking lead is connected and conductive with an electricity taking sheet on the inner side of the electricity taking barrel, and the electricity taking sheet is fixed in an electricity taking inner barrel of the electric torch;

the reset piece is used for pushing the second conductive block to the right so as to separate the conductive convex column from the power taking piece.

As a further improvement of the invention, the reset piece comprises elastic pieces, one end of each elastic piece is tightly propped against the end face of the spacer ring, the other end of each elastic piece is fixedly connected with the mounting ring, and at least two elastic pieces are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the mounting ring;

the mounting ring is fixed on the outer wall of the electricity taking barrel; the diameter of the limiting table is larger than that of the mounting hole, and the second conducting block is assembled with the clamping inner cylinder of the outer cylinder in a sealing mode.

The utility model provides an experimental apparatus for be used for testing rock elasticity after effect, characterized by: the above-described pressing assembly is applied.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the present invention further comprises a base assembly, wherein a first partition plate is fixed on the top of the base assembly, and the first partition plate is fixed with: the top parts of the first vertical plate, the second vertical plate, the third vertical plate, the fourth vertical plate and the fifth vertical plate are fixedly assembled with the second partition plate;

two sixth vertical plates are fixed on the second partition plate, and a third partition plate is fixed at the top of each sixth vertical plate;

the first vertical plate is fixedly assembled with the end part of the booster oil cylinder, and the booster oil cylinder penetrates through the second vertical plate and is fixedly assembled with the second vertical plate;

a pressurizing telescopic shaft of the pressurizing oil cylinder penetrates through the third vertical plate and then is assembled and fixed with the pressure applying assembly;

the pressure applying assembly is arranged on the loading assembly;

two pressure applying components are respectively distributed on two sides of the loading component, and the other pressure applying component is assembled and fixed with one end of a disturbance shaft of the disturbance component;

be provided with first tablet, second tablet on disturbance axle and pressure boost telescopic shaft respectively, first tablet and second tablet on be equipped with the reflector, just first tablet and second tablet between be equipped with laser range finder, the reflector be used for reflecting laser range finder's beam back so that the distance between laser range finder detector and first tablet and the second tablet.

As a further improvement of the invention, the base component is provided with a first vent hole and a second vent hole which penetrate through the front side wall and the rear side wall of the base component, the front side surface and the rear side surface of the base component are also provided with oil tank clamping grooves, a base partition plate is fixed in the base component, and an oil tank mounting groove is formed between the base partition plate and the base component;

an oil tank assembly is arranged in the oil tank mounting groove, a mounting clamping plate is arranged at the bottom of the oil tank assembly, and one end of a mounting rod penetrates through the base assembly, the mounting clamping plate and an oil tank fixing screw hole in the base assembly to be screwed and assembled through threads so as to fix the oil tank assembly on the base assembly;

the oil tank assembly comprises a fourth reversing valve, two outlets of the fourth reversing valve are respectively communicated with an inner tank and a top cover groove through a first pipeline and a second pipeline, a spiral cleaning brush is installed in the inner tank and fixed on a cleaning shaft, the bottom of the inner tank is an inclined bottom plate, an outlet hole is formed in the lowest end of the bottom plate, and the outlet hole is communicated with a third pipeline so as to guide liquid in the inner tank to the outside of the experimental device; the spiral cleaning brush is spirally arranged from left to right;

the top cover groove is formed in the first top cover, the first top cover and the second top cover are assembled and fixed, the second top cover is provided with cleaning through holes, the inner box and the top cover groove are communicated through the cleaning through holes, and the cleaning through holes are evenly distributed in the second top cover.

As a further improvement of the invention, the other end of the disturbance shaft passes through the fourth vertical plate and then is assembled with one end of the driving shaft, the other end of the driving shaft passes through the fifth partition plate and then is assembled and fixed with the turntable, the turntable is assembled and fixed with the top of the connecting plate, the bottom of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the supporting plate, and weights can be placed on the supporting plate;

the driving shaft and the fifth vertical plate are assembled in a screwing mode through threads, a backstop groove is formed in one end, assembled with the disturbance shaft, of the driving shaft, and the driving shaft at the end is arranged in a rotating groove in the disturbance shaft; the backstop bolt penetrates through the disturbance shaft and then is installed in the backstop groove;

a check ring is arranged on the disturbing shaft and one side of the fourth vertical plate close to the loading assembly; the rotary disc, the driving shaft and the disturbance shaft belong to disturbance assemblies.

As a further improvement of the invention, the disturbing assembly further comprises a first rack and a second rack, the first rack is slidably assembled in a first sliding groove and is in meshing transmission with a first gear, the first sliding groove is arranged on a sliding groove block, and the sliding groove block is fixed on the bottom surface of the second partition plate;

the first partition plate is provided with a first sliding groove, and the first rack is assembled in the first sliding groove in a sliding mode and is in meshing transmission with the first gear;

the first gear and the second gear are respectively fixed on the two threaded cylinders, and the interior of each threaded cylinder is hollow; one end of the fixed convex column and one end of the screw rod are respectively arranged in the thread cylinder, the fixed convex column and the thread cylinder can be rotatably assembled, and the screw rod and the thread cylinder are assembled in a screwing way through threads;

the two ends of the first rack and the second rack are respectively connected and fixed through a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate, the inner side of the second connecting plate is fixedly assembled with the end part of a push rod telescopic shaft of an electric push rod, the electric push rod is fixed on a second reinforcing plate, and the two ends of the second reinforcing plate are respectively connected and fixed with a supporting vertical plate and a fifth vertical plate; the supporting vertical plate is fixed on the first partition plate;

a first reinforcing plate is arranged between the inner side of the first connecting plate and the fifth vertical plate and between the inner side of the first connecting plate and the fourth vertical plate, one end of the first reinforcing plate is fixedly assembled with the fifth vertical plate, and the first reinforcing plate and the fourth vertical plate are assembled in a sliding manner;

and a first sliding block part and a second sliding block part are respectively fixed on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the fourth vertical plate, the first sliding block part and the second sliding block part are respectively arranged in a first guide groove and a second guide groove, and the first guide groove and the second guide groove are respectively arranged on the second partition plate and the first partition plate.

As a further improvement of the invention, the loading assembly comprises a lifting oil cylinder and a clamping motor, wherein a telescopic shaft of the lifting oil cylinder is fixedly assembled with one end of a first shaft cylinder, the other end of the first shaft cylinder penetrates through a fourth partition plate and a second partition plate and then is fixedly assembled with a guide cylinder, the guide cylinder penetrates through a sealing upper shell and then enters a pressurizing cavity, and a guide pressure groove is formed in the guide cylinder;

the inner part of the first shaft cylinder is hermetically and rotatably assembled with the second shaft cylinder, a tooth socket part is arranged on the second shaft cylinder, and a meshing opening is arranged at the position of the first shaft cylinder, which corresponds to the tooth socket part;

the inner part of the second shaft cylinder is assembled with a third shaft body in a screwing way through threads, the bottom of the third shaft body penetrates through the guide cylinder and then is fixedly connected with the upper half pressing ring, a guide sheet is arranged on the assembly part of the third shaft body and the guide cylinder, and the guide sheet and the guide pressing groove are assembled in a sliding way;

the sealing upper shell is provided with an arc-shaped sealing groove and a first end sealing groove, and the arc-shaped sealing groove and the first end sealing groove are respectively assembled and fixed with an arc-shaped sealing ring and an end sealing strip of the sealing ring body in a sealing way;

the upper sealing shell and the lower sealing shell are assembled in a sealing mode, a matching sealing groove and a second end sealing groove are formed in the lower sealing shell, and the matching sealing groove and the second end sealing groove are respectively assembled with the bottom of the arc-shaped sealing ring and the bottom of the end sealing strip in a sealing mode;

a pressurizing channel communicated with the inside of the arc-shaped sealing ring and the end sealing strip is arranged, the pressurizing channel is communicated with one end of a pressurizing pipe head, the other end of the pressurizing pipe head is communicated with one end of a sealing pipe, and the other end of the sealing pipe is communicated with one outlet of the first reversing valve;

the other end of the pressurized oil pipe is communicated with one outlet of the first reversing valve;

the two ends of the inner side of the lower sealing shell are respectively fixed with a fixed sealing ring, the fixed sealing rings are assembled and fixed with the inner side of the lower sealing shell in a sealing way, and the fixed sealing rings are assembled with the arc-shaped sealing rings in a sealing way;

the upper semi-compression ring and the lower semi-compression ring are matched to compress a sample together, and two ends of the lower semi-compression ring are respectively connected and fixed with the inner side of the lower sealing shell through end connecting blocks; the lead cylinder and the sealing upper shell are assembled and fixed in a sealing way.

As a further improvement of the invention, one end of the pressure applying component is arranged in the fixed sealing ring, and the other end of the pressure applying component is fixedly assembled with the disturbance shaft or the pressurization telescopic shaft; the pressing component is in sealing assembly with the fixed sealing ring and can move in the axial direction of the fixed sealing ring;

an output shaft of the clamping motor is fixedly assembled with a first driving gear, the first driving gear is in meshing transmission with a second driving gear, and the second driving gear is in meshing transmission with the tooth groove part;

the height of the meshing opening and the tooth groove part is not less than the maximum movement distance of the sealing upper shell;

and an axial pressure sensor is arranged on the pressurizing telescopic shaft and used for detecting the pressure in the axial direction of the pressurizing telescopic shaft.

As a further improvement of the invention, hydraulic oil in an inner cavity of the oil tank assembly is communicated with an inlet of a heating device through a pipeline, an outlet of the heating device is communicated with an inlet of an oil pump, an outlet of the oil pump is communicated with an inlet of a booster pump, an outlet of the booster pump is respectively communicated with a pressure stabilizing tank and an inlet of a first reversing valve through pipelines, first to fourth outlets of the first reversing valve are respectively communicated with inlets of a booster cylinder, a pressurizing cavity, a lifting cylinder and a sealing ring body through pipelines, outlets of the booster cylinder, the pressurizing cavity, the lifting cylinder and the sealing ring body are respectively communicated with first to fourth inlets of a second reversing valve through pipelines, an outlet of the second reversing valve is communicated with an inlet of a cooling device, an outlet of the cooling device is communicated with an inlet of an oil return pump, and an outlet of the oil return pump is communicated with an inner tank through an auxiliary oil return pipe so as to recover;

the pressure stabilizing tank is used for storing stable oil pressure and is communicated with an inlet of a third reversing valve, and first to fourth outlets of the third reversing valve are respectively communicated with the pressurization oil cylinder, the pressurization cavity and the sealing ring to provide stable oil pressure for the pressurization oil cylinder, the pressurization cavity and the sealing ring; the heating assembly is used for heating hydraulic oil, and the cooling assembly is used for cooling the hydraulic oil.

As a further improvement of the invention, the invention further comprises a first locking assembly and a second locking assembly, wherein the first locking assembly comprises a first mounting plate, a second mounting plate and a third mounting plate, the bottom surface of the first mounting plate is fixedly mounted with the end part of the first telescopic electromagnet, a first electromagnetic telescopic shaft of the first telescopic electromagnet penetrates through the second mounting plate and the third mounting plate and then is fixedly assembled with the clamping block, a clamping bulge is arranged on the inner side of the clamping block, and the clamping bulge is assembled with a clamping groove arranged on the pressurizing telescopic shaft in a clamping manner so as to prevent the pressurizing telescopic shaft from continuously moving;

the first mounting plate, the second mounting plate and the third mounting plate are all fixed on the third vertical plate, a first snap ring is arranged on the first electromagnetic telescopic shaft, a first spring is arranged between the first snap ring and the second mounting plate, and the first spring is used for enabling the first electromagnetic telescopic shaft to always have a downward moving force;

when the conductive convex column and the power taking piece are just disconnected, the electromagnet is electrified, and the first electromagnetic telescopic shaft is pushed downwards to enable the clamping protrusion to be clamped and assembled with the clamping groove;

the second locking assembly comprises a first transverse plate, a second transverse plate and a third transverse plate, the bottom surface of the first transverse plate is fixedly installed with the end part of the second telescopic electromagnet, a second electromagnetic telescopic shaft of the second telescopic electromagnet penetrates through the second transverse plate and the third transverse plate and then is fixedly assembled with a clamping block, a clamping groove is formed in the inner side of the clamping block, and the clamping groove is tightly assembled with a retaining strip arranged on the disturbance shaft in a clamping mode so as to prevent the disturbance shaft from continuously moving;

the first transverse plate, the second transverse plate and the third transverse plate are all fixed on the fourth vertical plate, a second clamping ring is arranged on the second electromagnetic telescopic shaft, a second spring is arranged between the second clamping ring and the second transverse plate, and the second spring is used for enabling the second electromagnetic telescopic shaft to always have downward moving force;

when the conductive convex column is just disconnected with the power taking piece, the electromagnet is powered on, the second electromagnetic telescopic shaft is pushed downwards to enable the clamping groove to be tightly assembled with the stopping strip, and barbs capable of being mutually occluded are arranged on contact surfaces of the clamping groove and the stopping strip respectively.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention can detect the disturbance, the relaxation, the uniaxial pressure application (detecting the compressive strength) and the elastic after effect of the sample, and can actually complete most of parameter detection of the current mechanical research on the rock.

2. According to the invention, the sealing between the upper sealing shell and the lower sealing shell is realized through the sealing ring body, and high-pressure hydraulic oil can be applied in the sealing ring body to improve the sealing property of the sealing ring body, so that the sealing between the upper sealing shell and the lower sealing shell is better. Meanwhile, the design of the upper sealing shell and the lower sealing shell can facilitate the taking out and placing of the sample.

3. The invention clamps the excessive part of the end part of the test sample placed by the fixed sealing ring, thereby influencing the test precision.

4. According to the invention, whether two ends of the sample are clamped or decompressed is judged through the on-off of the current between the conductive convex column and the electricity taking piece, the precision can be improved, and the precision of elastic after-effect detection on the sample can be greatly improved by matching the first locking assembly and the second locking assembly.

5. The disturbance assembly can apply disturbance force with long time and high force, and can meet the requirements of various disturbance experiments.

6. The invention is not limited to testing rock, and can also test relevant mechanical properties of steel, plastics, ceramics, powder die castings and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an experimental apparatus for testing the elastic after-effect of a rock according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an experimental apparatus for testing the elastic after-effect of a rock according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an experimental apparatus for testing the elastic after-effect of a rock according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an experimental apparatus for testing the elastic after-effect of a rock according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an experimental apparatus for testing the elastic after-effect of a rock according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged view at F1 in fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged view at F2 in fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged view at F3 in fig. 5.

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an experimental apparatus for testing the elastic after-effect of a rock according to the present invention.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged view at F4 in fig. 9.

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a first locking assembly of an embodiment of the experimental device for testing the elastic after-effect of rock.

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an experimental apparatus for testing the elastic after-effect of rock according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a perturbation assembly of an embodiment of an experimental apparatus for testing the elastic after-effect of rock according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a perturbation assembly of an embodiment of the experimental apparatus for testing the elastic after-effect of rock according to the invention.

FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a perturbation assembly of an embodiment of an experimental apparatus for testing the elastic after-effect of rock according to the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a perturbation assembly of an embodiment of an experimental apparatus for testing the elastic after-effect of rock according to the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a perturbation assembly of an embodiment of an experimental apparatus for testing the elastic after-effect of rock according to the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a base assembly of an embodiment of an experimental apparatus for testing the elastic after-effect of rock according to the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a loading assembly of an embodiment of an experimental apparatus for testing the elastic after-effect of rock according to the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a loading assembly of an embodiment of an experimental apparatus for testing the elastic after-effect of rock according to the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a loading assembly of an embodiment of an experimental apparatus for testing the elastic after-effect of rock according to the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a loading assembly of an embodiment of an experimental apparatus for testing the elastic after-effect of rock according to the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of a loading assembly of an embodiment of an experimental apparatus for testing the elastic after-effect of rock according to the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a partial structural view of a loading assembly of an embodiment of the experimental apparatus for testing the elastic after-effect of rock according to the invention.

FIG. 25 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil tank assembly of an embodiment of an experimental device for testing the elastic after-effect of rocks.

FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of an oil circuit system of an embodiment of an experimental device for testing the elastic after-effect of a rock.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

referring to fig. 1 to 26, an experimental apparatus for testing the elastic after effect of a rock includes a base assembly 110, the base assembly 110 is provided with a first vent hole 111 and a second vent hole 112 penetrating through front and rear side walls thereof, front and rear side surfaces of the base assembly 110 are further provided with an oil tank clamping groove 113, a base partition plate 114 is fixed in the base assembly 110, and an oil tank mounting groove 116 is formed between the base partition plate 110 and the base assembly;

referring to fig. 18, an oil tank assembly 800 is installed in the oil tank installation groove 116, an installation clamping plate 891 is arranged at the bottom of the oil tank assembly 800, one end of an installation rod 892 penetrates through the base assembly 110, the installation clamping plate 891 and an oil tank fixing screw hole 115 on the base assembly 110, and the oil tank assembly 800 is fixed on the base assembly through threaded screwing;

referring to fig. 25, the oil tank assembly 800 includes a fourth direction changing valve 860, two outlets of the fourth direction changing valve are respectively communicated with an inner tank 801 and a top cover groove 821 through a first pipeline 851 and a second pipeline 852, a spiral cleaning brush 880 is installed in the inner tank 801, the spiral cleaning brush 880 is fixed on a cleaning shaft 870, the bottom of the inner tank 801 is an inclined bottom plate 810, an outlet hole 811 is arranged at the lowest end of the bottom plate 810, and the outlet hole 811 is communicated with a third pipeline 853 to guide liquid in the inner tank to the outside of the experimental apparatus;

the spiral cleaning brush is spirally installed from left to right, when the spiral cleaning brush is used, impurities in the inner box can be cleaned through rotation of the spiral cleaning brush, and the impurities are conveyed to the outlet hole 811 through bolts and are discharged;

the top cover groove 821 is formed in the first top cover 820, the first top cover 820 and the second top cover 830 are assembled and fixed, a cleaning through hole 831 is formed in the second top cover 830, the inner box 801 is communicated with the top cover groove 821 through the cleaning through hole 831, and the cleaning through hole 831 is evenly distributed on the second top cover 830.

After the experiment is finished, the hydraulic oil is conveyed into the inner box through the auxiliary oil return pipe B231;

when the oil tank needs to be cleaned, an inlet of the oil return pipe is communicated with cleaning liquid, the oil return pipe B230 is communicated with the second pipeline through the fourth reversing valve, and the cleaning liquid uniformly falls on the inner tank and the spiral cleaning brush through the cleaning through hole 831 to be cleaned. The design can ensure that the oil tank can obtain better cleaning effect.

A first partition plate 121 is fixed on the top of the base assembly 110, and the first partition plate 121 is fixed with: the top of the first vertical plate 131, the second vertical plate 132, the third vertical plate 133, the fourth vertical plate 134 and the fifth vertical plate 135 are fixedly assembled with the second partition plate 122;

two sixth vertical plates 141 are fixed on the second partition plate 122, and a third partition plate 123 is fixed on the tops of the sixth vertical plates 141;

the first vertical plate 131 is fixedly assembled with the end part of the booster cylinder B130, and the booster cylinder B130 penetrates through the second vertical plate and is fixedly assembled with the second vertical plate 132;

a pressurizing telescopic shaft B131 of the pressurizing oil cylinder B130 penetrates through the third vertical plate 133 and then is assembled and fixed with the pressing component B500;

the pressing component B500 is arranged on the loading component B;

the two pressure applying assemblies B500 are respectively distributed on two sides of the loading assembly B, the other pressure applying assembly B500 is fixedly assembled with one end of a disturbance shaft A220, the other end of the disturbance shaft A220 penetrates through a fourth vertical plate 134 and then is assembled with one end of a driving shaft A210, the other end of the driving shaft A210 penetrates through a fifth partition plate 135 and then is fixedly assembled with a turntable A110, the turntable A110 is fixedly assembled with the top of a connecting plate A120, the bottom of the connecting plate A120 is fixedly connected with a supporting plate A140, and a weight A130 can be placed on the supporting plate A140;

the driving shaft A210 and the fifth vertical plate 135 are assembled in a screwing mode through threads, a backstop groove A211 is formed in one end, assembled with the disturbance shaft A220, of the driving shaft A210, and the driving shaft A210 at the end is installed in a rotating groove A221 on the disturbance shaft A220;

the retaining bolt A420 penetrates through the disturbance shaft A220 and then is installed in the retaining groove A211, so that the driving shaft is prevented from being separated from the disturbance shaft, and the driving shaft A210 and the disturbance shaft can rotate relatively in the circumferential direction;

a check ring A410 is arranged on the disturbance shaft A220 and on one side, close to the loading assembly B, of the fourth vertical plate 134, and when the pressure booster assembly is used, the check ring is tightly attached to the fourth vertical plate 134 so that the pressure booster cylinder can apply pressure to an experiment B01 in the loading assembly B;

the rotating disc A110, the driving shaft A210 and the disturbing shaft A220 belong to a disturbing assembly A, the disturbing assembly A further comprises a first rack A321 and a second rack A322, the first rack A321 can be assembled in a first sliding groove A331 in a sliding mode and is in meshing transmission with a first gear A311, the first sliding groove A331 is arranged on a sliding groove block A330, and the sliding groove block A330 is fixed to the bottom face of the second partition plate 122;

the first partition plate 121 is provided with a second sliding chute 1211, and the second gear a322 can be slidably assembled in the second sliding chute 1211 and is in meshing transmission with the second gear a 312;

the first gear A311 and the second gear A312 are respectively fixed on two threaded cylinders A232, and the interior of each threaded cylinder A232 is hollow;

one end of the fixed convex column A233 and one end of the screw A231 are respectively arranged in the thread cylinder A232, the fixed convex column A233 and the thread cylinder A232 can be rotatably assembled, and the screw A231 and the thread cylinder A232 are assembled in a screwing way through threads;

the two ends of the first rack A321 and the second rack A322 are respectively connected and fixed through a first connecting plate A323 and a second connecting plate A324, the inner side of the second connecting plate A324 is fixedly assembled with the end part of a push rod telescopic shaft of the electric push rod A325, the electric push rod A325 is fixed on the second reinforcing plate 143, and the two ends of the second reinforcing plate 143 are respectively connected and fixed with the supporting vertical plate 144 and the fifth vertical plate 135;

the supporting vertical plate 144 is fixed on the first partition plate 121;

a first reinforcing plate 142 is arranged between the inner side of the first connecting plate a323 and the fifth vertical plate 135 and the fourth vertical plate 134, one end of the first reinforcing plate 142 is fixedly assembled with the fifth vertical plate 135, the first reinforcing plate 142 is slidably assembled with the fourth vertical plate 134, and specifically, the fourth vertical plate can slide relative to the first reinforcing plate 142;

a first sliding block part 1341 and a second sliding block part 1342 are respectively fixed on the upper end face and the lower end face of the fourth vertical plate 134, the first sliding block part 1341 and the second sliding block part 1342 are respectively installed in a first guide groove 1221 and a second guide groove 1212, and the first guide groove 1221 and the second guide groove 1212 are respectively arranged on the second partition plate 122 and the first partition plate 121;

the loading assembly B comprises a lifting oil cylinder B110 and a chucking motor B120, wherein a telescopic shaft of the lifting oil cylinder B110 is fixedly assembled with one end of a first shaft barrel B410, the other end of the first shaft barrel B410 passes through a fourth partition plate 152 and a second partition plate 122 and then is fixedly assembled with a guide barrel B440, the guide barrel B440 passes through a sealing upper shell B310 and then enters a pressurizing cavity B301, and a guide pressure groove B441 is formed in the guide barrel B440;

the inner part of the first shaft barrel B410 is in sealed and rotatable assembly with the second shaft barrel B420, a tooth socket part B421 is arranged on the second shaft barrel B420, and a meshing opening B411 is arranged at the position, corresponding to the tooth socket part B421, of the first shaft barrel B410;

the inner part of the second shaft body B420 is assembled with a third shaft body B430 in a screwing mode through threads, the bottom of the third shaft body B430 penetrates through a guide cylinder B440 and then is connected and fixed with an upper half pressing ring B451, a guide sheet B431 is arranged on the assembling part of the third shaft body and the guide cylinder, and the guide sheet B431 and a guide pressing groove B441 can be assembled in a sliding mode. When in use, the guide sheet B431 can move up and down in the guide pressure groove B441 in the vertical direction (fig. 10 is standard);

the sealing upper shell B310 is provided with an arc-shaped sealing groove B311 and a first end sealing groove B312, and the arc-shaped sealing groove B311 and the first end sealing groove B312 are respectively assembled and fixed with an arc-shaped sealing ring B620 and an end sealing strip B610 of the sealing ring body B600 in a sealing manner;

the sealing upper shell B310 and the sealing lower shell B320 are assembled in a sealing mode, a matching sealing groove B322 and a second end sealing groove B232 are arranged on the sealing lower shell B320, and the matching sealing groove B322 and the second end sealing groove B232 are assembled with the bottom of the arc-shaped sealing ring B620 and the bottom of the end sealing strip B610 in a sealing mode respectively;

a pressurizing passage B601 communicated with the inside of the arc-shaped sealing ring B620 and the end sealing strip B610 is arranged, the pressurizing passage B601 is communicated with one end of a pressurizing pipe head B630, the other end of the pressurizing pipe head B630 is communicated with one end of a sealing pipe B220, and the other end of the sealing pipe B220 is communicated with one outlet of a first reversing valve;

the pressurizing cavity B301 is communicated with one end of a pressurizing oil pipe B210, and the other end of the pressurizing oil pipe is communicated with one outlet of the first reversing valve;

the two ends of the inner side of the sealed lower shell B320 are respectively fixed with a fixed sealing ring B710, the fixed sealing ring B710 is assembled and fixed with the inner side of the sealed lower shell B320 in a sealing way, and the fixed sealing ring B710 is assembled with the arc-shaped sealing ring B620 in a sealing way. Preferably, a matching sealing groove matched with the arc-shaped sealing ring B620 can be arranged on the fixed sealing ring B710, and the arc-shaped sealing ring B620 is arranged in the matching sealing groove in use, so that the sealing effect between the arc-shaped sealing ring B620 and the fixed sealing ring B710 can be improved.

The bottom of the inner side of the sealed lower shell B320 is provided with an oil collecting groove B321 (the standard is shown in figure 23) which is inclined downwards from right to left;

the lowest end of the oil collecting tank B321 is communicated with one end of an oil return pipe B230;

referring to fig. 10, the upper semi-pressing ring B451 and the lower semi-pressing ring B462 are matched to compress the sample B01 together, and two ends of the lower semi-pressing ring B462 are respectively connected and fixed with the inner side of the lower sealing shell B320 through end connecting blocks B461;

the wire guide cylinder B440 is hermetically assembled and fixed with the upper sealing shell.

One end of the pressing component B500 is arranged in the fixed sealing ring B710, and the other end of the pressing component B500 is fixedly assembled with the disturbance shaft A220 or the pressurization telescopic shaft B131;

the pressure applying assembly B500 is in sealing fit with the fixed sealing ring B710, and the pressure applying assembly B350 can move in the axial direction relative to the fixed sealing ring B710;

referring to fig. 7, 21-23, the pressing assembly B500 includes an outer cylinder B510 hermetically assembled with a fixed sealing ring B710, and a first conductive block B520, a spacer ring B550, a resetting member B540, a limiting table B511, and a second guide block B530 (fig. 7 is true) are sequentially disposed inside the outer cylinder from left to right;

the first conductive block B520 is provided with a conductive convex column B521, the second guide block B530 is provided with a power taking barrel B531, and the conductive convex column B521 can be assembled with the power taking barrel B531 for conduction;

the first lead B241 penetrates through the outer barrel B510 and the first conductive block B520 to be connected and conductive with one end of the electricity taking column B243, and the electricity taking column is assembled and fixed with the conductive convex column B521;

the second wire B242 penetrates through the outer barrel and the second conductive block B530 to be connected and conductive with one end of a power taking wire B244, the power taking wire B244 is connected and conductive with a power taking piece B532 on the inner side of the power taking barrel B531, and the power taking piece B532 is fixed in a power taking inner barrel B5311 of the power taking torch B531;

the first conductive block B520, the second conductive block B530 and the electricity taking cylinder B531 are all made of insulating materials, and the first lead, the second lead, the electricity taking column B243, the electricity taking lead B244, the conductive convex column B521 and the electricity taking sheet B532 are all made of conductive materials;

when in use, the conductive convex column B521 is arranged in the electricity taking inner cylinder B5311 to be tightly attached to the electricity taking sheet B532 for conduction;

the reset element B540 is configured to push the second conductive block B530 to the right (as in fig. 7), so that the conductive pillar B521 is separated from the power taking piece B532, that is, the current is turned off. Specifically, the reset element B540 includes an elastic sheet B541, one end of the elastic sheet is tightly pressed against the end surface of the spacer ring, the other end of the elastic sheet is fixedly connected to the mounting ring B542, and at least two elastic sheets are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the mounting ring B542;

the mounting ring B542 is fixed on the outer wall of the electricity taking barrel B531;

the diameter of the limiting table B511 is larger than that of the mounting hole B512. Thus, when in use, one end face of the second conductive block B530 is tightly pressed against the sample B01, and the other end face is tightly pressed against the limit table B511, so that the sample is prevented from influencing the use of the pressing assembly B500 during the experiment; the second conductive block B530 is hermetically assembled with the clamping inner cylinder B513 of the outer cylinder;

the output shaft B121 of the chucking motor B120 is fixedly assembled with the first driving gear B141, the first driving gear B141 is in meshing transmission with the second driving gear B142, the second driving gear B142 is in meshing transmission with the toothed groove part B421, and the toothed groove part B421 can be understood as a gear arranged on the second shaft barrel, except that the maximum diameter is not larger than the diameter of the second shaft barrel;

the heights of the meshing opening B411 and the tooth socket part B421 are not less than the maximum movement distance of the sealing upper shell B310, which is mainly to ensure that the tooth socket part B421 is always meshed with the second driving gear B142 for transmission when the first shaft cylinder moves.

An axial pressure sensor is arranged on the pressurizing telescopic shaft B131 and used for detecting the pressure of the pressurizing telescopic shaft B131 in the axial direction.

Referring to fig. 26, which is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic system of the present invention, a hydraulic oil in an inner cavity 801 of an oil tank assembly 800 is communicated with an inlet of a heating device through a pipeline, an outlet of the heating device is communicated with an inlet of an oil pump, an outlet of the oil pump is communicated with an inlet of a booster pump, an outlet of the booster pump is communicated with an inlet of a surge tank and an inlet of a first reversing valve through a pipeline, first to fourth outlets of the first reversing valve are communicated with inlets of a booster cylinder B130, a pressurization cavity B301, a lift cylinder B110 and a seal ring body B600 through pipelines, outlets of the booster cylinder B130, the pressurization cavity B301, the lift cylinder B110 and the seal ring body B600 (where an inlet of the seal ring body B600 is an outlet which is a pressurization pipe head B630) are communicated with first to fourth inlets of a second reversing valve through a pipeline, an outlet of the second reversing valve is communicated with an inlet of a cooling device, and an outlet of the cooling device is communicated, an oil return pump outlet is communicated with the inner box through an auxiliary oil return pipe so as to recover the hydraulic oil into the inner box;

the pressure stabilizing tank is used for storing stable oil pressure and is communicated with an inlet of a third reversing valve, and first to fourth outlets of the third reversing valve are respectively communicated with the pressurization oil cylinder, the pressurization cavity and the sealing ring to provide stable oil pressure for the pressurization oil cylinder, the pressurization cavity and the sealing ring;

a plurality of hydraulic meters can be arranged on the oil path for detecting hydraulic pressure;

the heating assembly is used for heating hydraulic oil, the cooling assembly is used for cooling hydraulic oil, and the specific structure can refer to the record with the publication number of CN 107449673A.

When the clamping device is used, firstly, two ends of a test sample B01 are arranged in clamping inner cylinders B513 at two ends, then the lifting oil cylinder is started to enable the lifting oil cylinder to move the sealing upper shell downwards through the first shaft cylinder until the lifting oil cylinder is tightly matched with the sealing lower shell, and then the clamping motor B120 is started, so that the clamping motor drives the second shaft cylinder to rotate, and the third shaft body B430 is driven to move downwards by the threads assembled with the second shaft cylinder until the upper half pressing ring B451 presses the test sample B01 on the lower half pressing ring B462;

then, high-pressure hydraulic oil is supplemented to the pressurizing channel of the sealing ring body through an oil way system, so that the sealing ring body is pressurized and expanded to increase the sealing effect of the sealing ring body; then, switching an oil path, and filling hydraulic oil into the pressurizing cavity B301 until the preset hydraulic pressure is reached; then switching an oil path, introducing oil to the booster oil cylinder until a conductive convex column at one end of the booster oil cylinder is contacted with an electricity taking sheet to take electricity (a current detection circuit or a current sensor can be arranged as long as the conductive convex column is judged to be contacted with the electricity taking sheet), and then stopping supplying oil to the booster oil cylinder;

then the rotating disc is rotated to enable the conductive convex column at one end of the rotating disc to contact with the electricity taking piece to take electricity; recording the data of the axial pressure sensor and the hydraulic data in the pressurizing cavity at the moment; then starting a clamping motor to rotate reversely, so that the upper half pressure ring does not compress the test sample B01 any more;

supplying oil to the pressurizing oil cylinder according to the preset pressure until the preset pressure is reached (axial pressure sensor test); of course, the hydraulic oil to which the confining pressure is applied may be previously heated by the heating device.

And closing the outlet of the first reversing valve and opening the outlet of the third reversing valve to ensure that the oil way system is in a pressure stabilizing state. When the preset pressure stabilizing time is reached, weights are added on the supporting plate, so that disturbance is applied to the sample, and the disturbance force can be calculated through the weight of the weights, the diameter of the rotary table (the connecting plate is arranged on the rotary table in a cutting mode), the thread parameters of the fifth vertical plate and the driving shaft and the like.

After the disturbance experiment is completed, the elastic after-effect of the sample can be tested, which specifically comprises the following steps:

the clamping motor drives the upper half clamping ring to compress a sample, then the pressurizing oil cylinder releases pressure, the disturbing shaft releases pressure (the fourth vertical plate is driven to move towards the rotary table by the contraction of the electric push rod), and the pressure release cut-off point is the current disconnection between the conductive convex columns at the two ends and the electricity taking piece. Meanwhile, the hydraulic oil in the pressurizing cavity is unloaded, so that the hydraulic oil enters the oil tank through the oil return pipe. At this moment, the pressure on the sample is completely relieved, then the pressure relief completion time is recorded, and a period of time is waited, because the rock has slight deformation, the deformation of the rock can have reset phenomenon (similar to spring reset) in a period of time after the pressure is relieved, once the reset size is enough, the second conducting blocks at two ends are jacked, so that the conducting convex column and the power taking piece are contacted again for conducting, and the period of time and the size of the sample recovered in the period of time are the related data of the elastic residual effect.

Further, in order to further obtain accurate data, a first sensing plate 310 and a second sensing plate 320 may be respectively disposed on the disturbance shaft and the pressure boost shaft, a reflector may be disposed on the first sensing plate 310 and the second sensing plate 320, and a laser distance meter 330 may be disposed between the first sensing plate 310 and the second sensing plate 320, the reflector being configured to reflect a light beam of the laser distance meter 330 back to enable the laser distance meter 330 to detect a distance between the first sensing plate 310 and the second sensing plate 320.

When the sample is installed and the conductive convex columns at the two ends are contacted with the electricity taking sheet for conduction, the distance between the detector of the laser range finder 330 and the first induction plate 310 and the second induction plate 320 is considered as an initial distance; after the pressurization test is performed, the distance between the detector of the laser range finder 330 and the first and second sensing plates 310 and 320 is an intermediate distance;

after the pressure is released and the elastic after-effect test is performed, the distance between the detector of the laser range finder 330 and the first and second sensing boards 310 and 320 is the final distance.

The elastic deformation and the plastic deformation of the sample can be judged according to the three distances. And when the conductive convex columns at the two ends and the power taking sheet are not contacted and conducted after long-time waiting, the distance after waiting can be considered as the final distance. Thereby increasing the success rate of the experiment.

Further, in order to prevent that the disturbance axle and the pressurization telescopic shaft from continuously moving due to machine or human error when the conductive convex column and the power taking sheet are just disconnected, thereby seriously increasing the phenomenon of experimental error, a first locking component C100 and a second locking component can be respectively arranged, and the method is specifically as follows:

referring to fig. 11, the first locking assembly C100 includes a first mounting plate C111, a second mounting plate C112, and a third mounting plate C113, the bottom surface of the first mounting plate C111 is fixedly mounted on the end of the first telescopic electromagnet C120, the first electromagnetic telescopic shaft C121 of the first telescopic electromagnet C120 passes through the second mounting plate C112 and the third mounting plate C113 and then is assembled and fixed with the clamping block C150, a clamping protrusion C151 is disposed on the inner side of the clamping block C150, and the clamping protrusion C151 is assembled with a clamping groove B1311 disposed on the pressurizing telescopic shaft B131 in a clamping manner to prevent the pressurizing telescopic shaft B131 from moving continuously;

the first mounting plate C111, the second mounting plate C112, and the third mounting plate C113 are all fixed on the third vertical plate 133, the first electromagnetic telescopic shaft C121 is provided with a first snap ring C140, a first spring C130 is arranged between the first snap ring and the second mounting plate C112, and the first spring C130 is used for enabling the first electromagnetic telescopic shaft C121 to always have a force of moving downward.

When the conductive convex column and the power taking piece are just disconnected, the electromagnet is electrified, and the first electromagnetic telescopic shaft C121 is pushed downwards to enable the clamping protrusion C151 to be clamped and assembled with the clamping groove B1311.

Referring to fig. 16, the second locking assembly C200 includes a first transverse plate C211, a second transverse plate C212, and a third transverse plate C213, wherein the bottom surface of the first transverse plate C211 is fixedly mounted to the end of the second telescopic electromagnet C220, a second electromagnetic telescopic shaft C221 of the second telescopic electromagnet C220 passes through the second transverse plate C212 and the third transverse plate C213 and then is fixedly assembled to the clamping block C250, a clamping groove C251 is formed in the inner side of the clamping block C250, and the clamping groove C251 is tightly assembled to a retaining strip a222 provided on the disturbing shaft a220 to prevent the disturbing shaft a220 from moving continuously;

the first transverse plate C211, the second transverse plate C212 and the third transverse plate C213 are all fixed on the fourth vertical plate 134, a second snap ring C240 is arranged on the second electromagnetic telescopic shaft C221, a second spring C230 is arranged between the second snap ring and the second transverse plate C212, and the second spring C230 is used for enabling the second electromagnetic telescopic shaft C221 to have downward movement force all the time.

When the conductive convex column and the electricity taking piece are just disconnected, the electromagnet is electrified, and the second electromagnetic telescopic shaft C221 is pushed downwards to enable the clamping groove C251 and the backstop strip A222 to be clamped and assembled. The contact surfaces of the clamping groove C251 and the retaining strip A222 are respectively provided with barbs which can be meshed with each other.

The present invention can also perform relaxation-perturbation experiment, and the detailed method can refer to the content described in patent No. CN 201410348301.3. Of course, some electronic devices and their layouts that need to measure the corresponding parameters can refer to the above-mentioned patents. The difference between the two methods can be understood as that the disturbance applying structure changes, and the others do not change essentially.

The sample in the present invention may be a cylindrical rock, plastic, metal rod, powder molded rod, or the like.

The invention is not described in detail, but is well known to those skilled in the art.

The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims (9)

1. A pressure applying assembly, characterized by: the outer barrel is hermetically assembled with the fixed sealing ring, and a first conductive block, a spacer ring, a reset piece, a limiting table and a second guide block are sequentially arranged in the outer barrel from left to right;

the first conductive block is provided with a conductive convex column, the second guide block is provided with a power taking barrel, and the conductive convex column can be assembled with the power taking barrel to conduct electricity;

the first lead penetrates through the outer barrel and the first conductive block to be connected and conductive with one end of the electricity taking column, and the electricity taking column is assembled and fixed with the conductive convex column;

the second lead penetrates through the outer barrel and the second conductive block to be connected and conductive with one end of the electricity taking lead, the electricity taking lead is connected and conductive with an electricity taking sheet on the inner side of the electricity taking barrel, and the electricity taking sheet is fixed in an electricity taking inner barrel of the electric torch;

the reset piece is used for pushing the second conductive block to the right so as to separate the conductive convex column from the power taking piece; the reset piece comprises elastic pieces, one end of each elastic piece is tightly propped against the end face of the spacer ring, the other end of each elastic piece is fixedly connected with the mounting ring, and at least two elastic pieces are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the mounting ring;

the mounting ring is fixed on the outer wall of the electricity taking barrel; the diameter of the limiting table is larger than that of the mounting hole, and the second conducting block is assembled with the clamping inner cylinder of the outer cylinder in a sealing mode.

2. The utility model provides an experimental apparatus for be used for testing rock elasticity after effect, characterized by: use of a pressure applicator assembly as claimed in claim 1.

3. An experimental device for testing the elastic after-effect of rock according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: still include, the base subassembly top be fixed with first baffle, first baffle on be fixed with: the top parts of the first vertical plate, the second vertical plate, the third vertical plate, the fourth vertical plate and the fifth vertical plate are fixedly assembled with the second partition plate;

two sixth vertical plates are fixed on the second partition plate, and a third partition plate is fixed at the top of each sixth vertical plate;

the first vertical plate is fixedly assembled with the end part of the booster oil cylinder, and the booster oil cylinder penetrates through the second vertical plate and is fixedly assembled with the second vertical plate;

a pressurizing telescopic shaft of the pressurizing oil cylinder penetrates through the third vertical plate and then is assembled and fixed with the pressure applying assembly;

the pressure applying assembly is arranged on the loading assembly;

two pressure applying components are respectively distributed on two sides of the loading component, and the other pressure applying component is assembled and fixed with one end of a disturbance shaft of the disturbance component;

be provided with first tablet, second tablet on disturbance axle and pressure boost telescopic shaft respectively, first tablet and second tablet on be equipped with the reflector, just first tablet and second tablet between be equipped with laser range finder, the reflector be used for reflecting laser range finder's beam back so that the distance between laser range finder detector and first tablet and the second tablet.

4. An experimental device for testing the elastic after-effect of rock according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: the base assembly is provided with a first vent hole and a second vent hole which penetrate through the front side wall and the rear side wall of the base assembly, the front side surface and the rear side surface of the base assembly are also provided with oil tank clamping grooves, a base partition plate is fixed in the base assembly, and an oil tank mounting groove is formed between the base partition plate and the base assembly;

an oil tank assembly is arranged in the oil tank mounting groove, a mounting clamping plate is arranged at the bottom of the oil tank assembly, and one end of a mounting rod penetrates through the base assembly, the mounting clamping plate and an oil tank fixing screw hole in the base assembly to be screwed and assembled through threads so as to fix the oil tank assembly on the base assembly;

the oil tank assembly comprises a fourth reversing valve, two outlets of the fourth reversing valve are respectively communicated with an inner tank and a top cover groove through a first pipeline and a second pipeline, a spiral cleaning brush is installed in the inner tank and fixed on a cleaning shaft, the bottom of the inner tank is an inclined bottom plate, an outlet hole is formed in the lowest end of the bottom plate, and the outlet hole is communicated with a third pipeline so as to guide liquid in the inner tank to the outside of the experimental device; the spiral cleaning brush is spirally arranged from left to right;

the top cover groove is formed in the first top cover, the first top cover and the second top cover are assembled and fixed, the second top cover is provided with cleaning through holes, the inner box and the top cover groove are communicated through the cleaning through holes, and the cleaning through holes are evenly distributed in the second top cover.

5. An experimental device for testing the elastic after-effect of rock according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: the other end of the disturbance shaft penetrates through the fourth vertical plate and then is assembled with one end of the driving shaft, the other end of the driving shaft penetrates through the fifth partition plate and then is assembled and fixed with the rotary table, the rotary table is assembled and fixed with the top of the connecting plate, the bottom of the connecting plate is connected and fixed with the supporting plate, and weights can be placed on the supporting plate;

the driving shaft and the fifth vertical plate are assembled in a screwing mode through threads, a backstop groove is formed in one end, assembled with the disturbance shaft, of the driving shaft, and the driving shaft at the end is arranged in a rotating groove in the disturbance shaft; the backstop bolt penetrates through the disturbance shaft and then is installed in the backstop groove;

a check ring is arranged on the disturbing shaft and one side of the fourth vertical plate close to the loading assembly; the rotary disc, the driving shaft and the disturbance shaft belong to disturbance assemblies.

6. An experimental device for testing the elastic after-effect of rock according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: the disturbance assembly further comprises a first rack and a second rack, the first rack is slidably assembled in a first sliding groove and is in meshing transmission with the first gear, the first sliding groove is formed in a sliding groove block, and the sliding groove block is fixed to the bottom surface of the second partition plate;

the first partition plate is provided with a first sliding groove, and the first rack is assembled in the first sliding groove in a sliding mode and is in meshing transmission with the first gear;

the first gear and the second gear are respectively fixed on the two threaded cylinders, and the interior of each threaded cylinder is hollow; one end of the fixed convex column and one end of the screw rod are respectively arranged in the thread cylinder, the fixed convex column and the thread cylinder can be rotatably assembled, and the screw rod and the thread cylinder are assembled in a screwing way through threads;

the two ends of the first rack and the second rack are respectively connected and fixed through a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate, the inner side of the second connecting plate is fixedly assembled with the end part of a push rod telescopic shaft of an electric push rod, the electric push rod is fixed on a second reinforcing plate, and the two ends of the second reinforcing plate are respectively connected and fixed with a supporting vertical plate and a fifth vertical plate; the supporting vertical plate is fixed on the first partition plate;

a first reinforcing plate is arranged between the inner side of the first connecting plate and the fifth vertical plate and between the inner side of the first connecting plate and the fourth vertical plate, one end of the first reinforcing plate is fixedly assembled with the fifth vertical plate, and the first reinforcing plate and the fourth vertical plate are assembled in a sliding manner;

and a first sliding block part and a second sliding block part are respectively fixed on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the fourth vertical plate, the first sliding block part and the second sliding block part are respectively arranged in a first guide groove and a second guide groove, and the first guide groove and the second guide groove are respectively arranged on the second partition plate and the first partition plate.

7. An experimental device for testing the elastic after-effect of rock according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: the loading assembly comprises a lifting oil cylinder and a clamping motor, wherein a telescopic shaft of the lifting oil cylinder is fixedly assembled with one end of a first shaft cylinder, the other end of the first shaft cylinder penetrates through a fourth partition plate and a second partition plate and then is fixedly assembled with a guide cylinder, the guide cylinder penetrates through an upper sealing shell and then enters a pressurizing cavity, and a guide pressure groove is formed in the guide cylinder;

the inner part of the first shaft cylinder is hermetically and rotatably assembled with the second shaft cylinder, a tooth socket part is arranged on the second shaft cylinder, and a meshing opening is arranged at the position of the first shaft cylinder, which corresponds to the tooth socket part;

the inner part of the second shaft cylinder is assembled with a third shaft body in a screwing way through threads, the bottom of the third shaft body penetrates through the guide cylinder and then is fixedly connected with the upper half pressing ring, a guide sheet is arranged on the assembly part of the third shaft body and the guide cylinder, and the guide sheet and the guide pressing groove are assembled in a sliding way;

the sealing upper shell is provided with an arc-shaped sealing groove and a first end sealing groove, and the arc-shaped sealing groove and the first end sealing groove are respectively assembled and fixed with an arc-shaped sealing ring and an end sealing strip of the sealing ring body in a sealing way;

the upper sealing shell and the lower sealing shell are assembled in a sealing mode, a matching sealing groove and a second end sealing groove are formed in the lower sealing shell, and the matching sealing groove and the second end sealing groove are respectively assembled with the bottom of the arc-shaped sealing ring and the bottom of the end sealing strip in a sealing mode;

a pressurizing channel communicated with the inside of the arc-shaped sealing ring and the end sealing strip is arranged, the pressurizing channel is communicated with one end of a pressurizing pipe head, the other end of the pressurizing pipe head is communicated with one end of a sealing pipe, and the other end of the sealing pipe is communicated with one outlet of the first reversing valve;

the other end of the pressurized oil pipe is communicated with one outlet of the first reversing valve;

the two ends of the inner side of the lower sealing shell are respectively fixed with a fixed sealing ring, the fixed sealing rings are assembled and fixed with the inner side of the lower sealing shell in a sealing way, and the fixed sealing rings are assembled with the arc-shaped sealing rings in a sealing way;

the upper semi-compression ring and the lower semi-compression ring are matched to compress a sample together, and two ends of the lower semi-compression ring are respectively connected and fixed with the inner side of the lower sealing shell through end connecting blocks; the lead cylinder and the sealing upper shell are assembled and fixed in a sealing way.

8. An experimental device for testing the elastic after-effect of rock according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: one end of the pressure applying component is arranged in the fixed sealing ring, and the other end of the pressure applying component is assembled and fixed with the disturbance shaft or the pressurization telescopic shaft; the pressing component is in sealing assembly with the fixed sealing ring and can move in the axial direction of the fixed sealing ring;

an output shaft of the clamping motor is fixedly assembled with a first driving gear, the first driving gear is in meshing transmission with a second driving gear, and the second driving gear is in meshing transmission with the tooth groove part;

the height of the meshing opening and the tooth groove part is not less than the maximum movement distance of the sealing upper shell;

and an axial pressure sensor is arranged on the pressurizing telescopic shaft and used for detecting the pressure in the axial direction of the pressurizing telescopic shaft.

9. An experimental apparatus for testing the elastic after-effect of rock according to any one of claims 2-8, characterized in that: hydraulic oil in an inner cavity of the oil tank assembly is communicated with an inlet of a heating device through a pipeline, an outlet of the heating device is communicated with an inlet of an oil pump, an outlet of the oil pump is communicated with an inlet of the booster pump, an outlet of the booster pump is communicated with an inlet of a pressure stabilizing tank and an inlet of a first reversing valve through pipelines, first to fourth outlets of the first reversing valve are communicated with inlets of a booster cylinder, a pressurizing cavity, a lifting cylinder and a sealing ring body through pipelines, outlets of the booster cylinder, the pressurizing cavity, the lifting cylinder and the sealing ring body are communicated with first to fourth inlets of a second reversing valve through pipelines, an outlet of the second reversing valve is communicated with an inlet of a cooling device, an outlet of the cooling device is communicated with an inlet of an oil return pump, and an outlet of the oil return pump is communicated with an inner tank through an auxiliary oil return pipe so as to recover;

the pressure stabilizing tank is used for storing stable oil pressure and is communicated with an inlet of a third reversing valve, and first to fourth outlets of the third reversing valve are respectively communicated with the pressurization oil cylinder, the pressurization cavity and the sealing ring to provide stable oil pressure for the pressurization oil cylinder, the pressurization cavity and the sealing ring; the heating assembly is used for heating hydraulic oil, and the cooling assembly is used for cooling the hydraulic oil.

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