CN108477602B - High-quality dendrobium officinale and variable-temperature differential pressure puffing drying method thereof - Google Patents
High-quality dendrobium officinale and variable-temperature differential pressure puffing drying method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 241001076416 Dendrobium tosaense Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 230000001007 puffing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000036449 good health Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000013402 health food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000004165 myocardium Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001959 radiotherapy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000002490 cerebral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYAHJFGVOCZDEI-UFFNCVEVSA-N Dendrobine Chemical compound C([C@H]1CC[C@@H]2[C@@]31C)N(C)[C@@H]3[C@H]1[C@@H](C(C)C)[C@@H]2C(=O)O1 RYAHJFGVOCZDEI-UFFNCVEVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001523681 Dendrobium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233855 Orchidaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RYAHJFGVOCZDEI-CZKZLRAZSA-N dendrobine Natural products O=C1O[C@@H]2[C@H](C(C)C)[C@H]1[C@H]1[C@@]3(C)[C@@H]2N(C)C[C@H]3CC1 RYAHJFGVOCZDEI-CZKZLRAZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002526 effect on cardiovascular system Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
- A23P30/00—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the process or apparatus
- A23P30/30—Puffing or expanding
- A23P30/32—Puffing or expanding by pressure release, e.g. explosion puffing; by vacuum treatment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of deep processing of health-care food, and particularly discloses high-quality dendrobium officinale and a variable-temperature differential pressure puffing and drying method thereof. The method for drying the dendrobium officinale provided by the invention comprises the following steps of cutting fresh dendrobium officinale into sections, soaking the cut sections with sugar water, pre-drying the sections by a hot air drying box, and finally carrying out variable-temperature differential pressure puffing drying. The dendrobium officinale dry product disclosed by the invention is low in water content, high in polysaccharide content and protein content, good in crispness and good in taste, has no additive, can be directly eaten, and is easy to carry and store; the method for puffing and drying the dendrobium officinale by adopting variable-temperature differential pressure maintains the nutritional ingredients of the original fresh dendrobium officinale to the greatest extent, and has short production period, high yield and low production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of deep processing of health-care food, and particularly relates to high-quality dendrobium officinale and a variable-temperature differential-pressure puffing drying method thereof.
Background
Dendrobium officinale is an orchid family herbaceous plant and contains effective components such as dendrobium polysaccharide, dendrobine and total amino acids. Can improve the immunity of human body, enhance the memory, supplement consumptive disease of five internal organs, delay senility, inhibit tumor, improve the nutrition of cardiac muscle, dredge cardiovascular and cerebrovascular vessels, reduce heart fire, have obvious effect on radiotherapy and excessive smoking and drinking, and is a very good health food. In recent years, with the improvement of living standard of people, the dendrobium officinale with health care function is more and more popular. However, the fresh dendrobium officinale contains 80-95% of water, is easy to rot and inconvenient to store and transport, and is easy to cause lost sales and waste. However, the conventional hot air drying method damages effective components due to long-time high-temperature drying, and the production time is long. Modern freeze-drying activities retain ingredients well but with low yields and high costs. Meanwhile, the traditional dried dendrobium officinale has poor taste and cannot be directly eaten.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high quality dendrobium officinale, which has low water content, high polysaccharide content and protein content, good crispness, good taste, no additive, direct eating, easy carrying and storage; the method for puffing and drying the dendrobium officinale by adopting variable temperature and pressure difference keeps original nutritional ingredients to the maximum extent, and has short production period, high yield and low production cost.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention is solved by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides high-quality dendrobium officinale, which is characterized in that hot air pre-drying is firstly carried out on the dendrobium officinale, and then variable-temperature differential pressure puffing drying is carried out; the dendrobium officinale contains 6-8% of water, 16-22% of polysaccharide and 3-5% of protein.
With reference to the first aspect, in one possible embodiment, the dendrobium officinale contains 6.000 to 6.020% of water, 21.067 to 21.153% of polysaccharide and 4.960 to 4.990% of protein.
The invention provides a variable-temperature differential pressure puffing drying method for dendrobium officinale, which comprises the following steps:
1) selecting raw materials: selecting fresh, healthy and clean dendrobium officinale stems as raw materials;
2) pretreatment of raw materials: cutting the dendrobium officinale stems in the step 1) into small sections, soaking the small sections in a sucrose aqueous solution, taking out and draining the small sections for later use;
3) pre-drying raw materials:
pre-drying the pretreated dendrobium officinale obtained in the step 2) by using a hot air drying oven to ensure that the water content of the dendrobium officinale is 20-40%, and then putting the dendrobium officinale into a refrigerator for softening for later use;
4) puffing and drying at variable temperature and pressure difference:
placing the Dendrobium officinale processed in step 3) into a puffing tank, raising the puffing temperature in the tank to 60-80 ℃, raising the air pressure in the tank to 0.1-0.2Mpa, and standing for puffing for 20-40 min; opening a pressure release valve to enable the dendrobium officinale to be in a vacuum state instantly, reducing the evacuation temperature to 60 ℃, and keeping the evacuation time at the temperature for 1-2 h; and (5) closing the valve, cooling to normal temperature, recovering the internal air pressure to the normal pressure state after the product is shaped, taking out the product, and storing.
With reference to the second aspect, in one possible implementation manner, the dendrobium officinale stem in the step 2) is cut into small segments with the length of 4-6mm, and the ratio of material to liquid is 1: 4-1: 6kg/l of the mixture is placed in a 5-15% sucrose aqueous solution for soaking for 0.5-1 h.
With reference to the second aspect, in one possible embodiment, the dendrobium officinale stem is cut into small segments with the length of 5mm, and the ratio of material to liquid is 1: 5kg/l of the mixture is placed in a 10% sucrose aqueous solution for soaking for 0.5 h.
With reference to the second aspect, in one possible embodiment, the moisture content of dendrobium officinale in the step 3) is 30%.
With reference to the second aspect, in one possible embodiment, the moisture content of dendrobium officinale in the step 3) is 40%.
In combination with the second aspect, in one possible embodiment, the temperature of the pre-drying treatment in the step 3) is 60 to 80 ℃; the temperature in the refrigerator is 4 ℃; the softening time is 12 h.
In a possible embodiment, in combination with the second aspect, the temperature of the in-tank puffing in the step 4) is 80 ℃, and the puffing time is 30 min.
In a possible embodiment, in combination with the second aspect, the evacuation temperature in step 4) is 60 ℃ and the evacuation time is 2 h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can obtain the following technical effects:
1) the high-quality dendrobium officinale provided by the invention has the advantages of low water content, higher polysaccharide content and protein content, good crispness, good taste, no additive, direct eating, and easy carrying and storage.
In addition, the high-quality dendrobium officinale can improve the immunity of a human body, enhance the memory, supplement consumptive disease of five internal organs, delay senility, inhibit tumors, improve the nutrition of cardiac muscle, dredge heart and cerebral vessels, reduce heart fire, have obvious effects on radiotherapy and excessive smoking and drinking, and is a very good health food.
2) The method for puffing and drying the dendrobium officinale by adopting the variable-temperature differential pressure comprises the steps of carrying out pre-drying treatment on the dendrobium officinale by using a hot air drying box to ensure that the water content of the dendrobium officinale is 20-40 percent, the water content is too low or too high, and the polysaccharide content and the protein content are both lower after puffing and drying by adopting the variable-temperature differential pressure.
3) According to the method for puffing and drying the dendrobium officinale by adopting variable-temperature differential pressure, the puffing temperature is increased to 60-80 ℃ in the tank, the standing and puffing time is 20-40min, the vacuumizing time is 1-2h, the original nutrient components of the fresh dendrobium officinale can be retained to the maximum extent, the production period is short, the yield is high, and the production cost is low.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described technical effects simultaneously.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that the implementation process of the present invention for solving the technical problems and achieving the technical effects by applying technical means can be fully understood and implemented.
The dendrobium officinale used in the invention can be purchased from any conventional product in the market.
Example 1
1) Selecting raw materials: selecting fresh, healthy and clean dendrobium officinale stems as raw materials;
2) pretreatment of raw materials: cutting the dendrobium officinale stems in the step 1) into small sections with the length of 5mm, wherein the material-liquid ratio is 1: 5kg/l of the mixture is placed in a 10% sucrose aqueous solution for soaking for 0.5h, and then the mixture is taken out and drained for standby.
3) Pre-drying raw materials:
pre-drying the dendrobium officinale pretreated in the step 2) at 60 ℃ by using a hot air drying oven to ensure that the water content of the dendrobium officinale is 40%, and then putting the dendrobium officinale into a refrigerator at 4 ℃ to soften for 12 hours for later use.
4) Puffing and drying at variable temperature and pressure difference:
placing the Dendrobium officinale processed in the step 3) into a puffing tank, raising the puffing temperature in the tank to 80 ℃, raising the air pressure in the tank to 0.1-0.2Mpa, and standing for puffing for 30 min; opening a pressure release valve to enable the dendrobium officinale to be in a vacuum state instantly, reducing the evacuation temperature to 60 ℃, and keeping the evacuation time at the temperature for 1 h; and (5) closing the valve, cooling to normal temperature, recovering the internal air pressure to the normal pressure state after the product is shaped, taking out the product, and storing.
The dendrobium officinale obtained by the embodiment has the water content of 6.020%, the polysaccharide content of 21.067% and the protein content of 4.960%.
Example 2
1) Selecting raw materials: selecting fresh, healthy and clean dendrobium officinale stems as raw materials;
2) pretreatment of raw materials: cutting the dendrobium officinale stems in the step 1) into small sections with the length of 6mm, wherein the material-liquid ratio is 1: 4kg/l of the mixture is placed in a 15% sucrose aqueous solution to be soaked for 0.8h, and then the mixture is taken out and drained for standby.
3) Pre-drying raw materials:
pre-drying the dendrobium officinale pretreated in the step 2) at 70 ℃ by using a hot air drying oven to ensure that the water content of the dendrobium officinale is 30%, and then putting the dendrobium officinale into a refrigerator at 4 ℃ to soften for 12 hours for later use.
4) Puffing and drying at variable temperature and pressure difference:
placing the Dendrobium officinale processed in the step 3) into a puffing tank, raising the puffing temperature in the tank to 80 ℃, raising the air pressure in the tank to 0.1-0.2Mpa, and standing for puffing for 20 min; opening a pressure release valve to enable the dendrobium officinale to be in a vacuum state instantly, reducing the evacuation temperature to 60 ℃, and keeping the evacuation time at the temperature for 1.5 h; and (5) closing the valve, cooling to normal temperature, recovering the internal air pressure to the normal pressure state after the product is shaped, taking out the product, and storing.
The dendrobium officinale obtained by the embodiment has the water content of 7.020%, the polysaccharide content of 15.250% and the protein content of 4.010%.
Example 3
1) Selecting raw materials: selecting fresh, healthy and clean dendrobium officinale stems as raw materials;
2) pretreatment of raw materials: cutting the dendrobium officinale stems in the step 1) into small sections with the length of 4mm, wherein the material-liquid ratio is 1: soaking 6kg/l in 5% sucrose water solution for 1h, taking out, and draining for later use.
3) Pre-drying raw materials:
pre-drying the dendrobium officinale pretreated in the step 2) at 80 ℃ by using a hot air drying oven to ensure that the water content of the dendrobium officinale is 20%, and then putting the dendrobium officinale into a refrigerator at 4 ℃ to soften for 12 hours for later use.
4) Puffing and drying at variable temperature and pressure difference:
placing the Dendrobium officinale processed in the step 3) into a puffing tank, raising the puffing temperature in the tank to 80 ℃, raising the air pressure in the tank to 0.1-0.2Mpa, and standing for puffing for 40 min; opening a pressure release valve to enable the dendrobium officinale to be in a vacuum state instantly, reducing the evacuation temperature to 60 ℃, and keeping the evacuation time at the temperature for 2 hours; and (5) closing the valve, cooling to normal temperature, recovering the internal air pressure to the normal pressure state after the product is shaped, taking out the product, and storing.
The dendrobium officinale obtained in the embodiment has the water content of 6.200%, the polysaccharide content of 21.210% and the protein content of 4.740%.
Example 4
The drying process of this example is similar to that of example 1, except that:
after the pre-drying treatment in the hot air drying oven in the step 3), the water content of the dendrobium officinale is 20%.
In the step 4), the puffing temperature in the tank is raised to 70 ℃, and the evacuation time is 1.5 h.
The dendrobium officinale obtained in the embodiment has the water content of 6.230%, the polysaccharide content of 20.010% and the protein content of 4.890%.
Example 5
The drying process of this example is similar to that of example 1, except that:
and 3) after the pre-drying treatment in the hot air drying oven, the water content of the dendrobium officinale is 30%.
In the step 4), the puffing temperature in the tank is raised to 60 ℃, and the evacuation time is 2 h.
The dendrobium officinale obtained in the embodiment has the water content of 7.520%, the polysaccharide content of 20.970% and the protein content of 3.120%.
Example 6
The drying process of this example is similar to that of example 1, except that:
and 4) raising the puffing temperature in the middle tank to 60 ℃, standing for puffing for 40min, and evacuating for 1.5 h.
The dendrobium officinale obtained in the embodiment has the water content of 6.540%, the polysaccharide content of 19.970% and the protein content of 4.100%.
Example 7
The drying process of this example is similar to that of example 1, except that:
and 4) raising the puffing temperature in the middle tank to 70 ℃, standing for puffing for 20min, and evacuating for 2 h.
The dendrobium officinale obtained in the embodiment has the water content of 7.140%, the polysaccharide content of 18.780% and the protein content of 4.170%.
Example 8
The drying process of this example is similar to that of example 1, except that:
step 4), the evacuation time is 2 h.
The dendrobium officinale obtained in the embodiment has the water content of 6.0%, the polysaccharide content of 21.153% and the protein content of 4.99%.
Other conditions are the same as example 1, only the examined factors in the table are respectively replaced, and the variables in the table correspond to 4 examined factors respectively, and the results are shown in the following table 1.
Table 1:
from the above table 1, it is known that the pre-drying moisture content of the dendrobium officinale is too low, the protein content is obviously reduced, and the pre-drying moisture content is too high, the polysaccharide content is obviously reduced; the puffing temperature is too low, the polysaccharide content is obviously reduced, the puffing temperature is too high, and the polysaccharide content and the protein are both obviously reduced; the puffing time is too long, the polysaccharide content is obviously reduced, and the protein content has a tendency of reduction; the puffing time is too short, and the polysaccharide content and the protein content both tend to be reduced; the evacuation time is too long or too short, and both the polysaccharide content and the protein content tend to decrease.
Therefore, the dendrobium officinale drying method provided by the invention optimizes the parameter value ranges of 4 investigation factors through experiments as follows: predrying with water content of 20-40%, puffing at 60-80 deg.C in a jar for 20-40min, and evacuating for 1-2 hr.
Comparative examples 1 to 4
Other conditions were the same as in example 1, except that the predrying moisture content, puffing temperature, puffing time and evacuation time were replaced, and the results of the experiment are shown in table 2 below:
table 2:
from the above table 2, it is known that, in the comparative examples 1 to 4, only the predrying water content, the puffing temperature, the puffing time and the evacuating time are replaced, and the polysaccharide content and the protein content of the obtained dendrobium officinale dry product have a tendency to be reduced, so that the original nutritional ingredients of the dendrobium officinale cannot be retained to the maximum degree.
Therefore, the method for drying the dendrobium officinale provided by the invention can realize synergistic effect within the preferable parameter value range when the pre-drying water content is 20-40%, the puffing temperature in a tank is 60-80 ℃, the puffing time is 20-40min, and the evacuating time is 1-2h, so that a high-quality dried dendrobium officinale product is obtained.
The high-quality dendrobium officinale prepared by the variable-temperature differential-pressure puffing drying method in embodiments 1 to 8 of the invention has the advantages of low water content, high polysaccharide content and protein content, good crispness, good taste, no additive, direct eating, and easy carrying and storage.
In addition, the high-quality dendrobium officinale provided by the embodiment of the invention can improve the immunity of a human body, enhance the memory, supplement consumptive disease of five internal organs, delay aging, inhibit tumors, improve the nutrition of cardiac muscle, dredge heart and cerebral vessels, reduce heart fire, has obvious effects on radiotherapy and excessive smoking and drinking, and is a very good health food.
In the method for puffing and drying the dendrobium officinale by adopting the variable temperature and pressure difference provided by the embodiments 1 to 8 of the invention, the dendrobium officinale is subjected to pre-drying treatment by using a hot air drying box, so that the water content of the dendrobium officinale is 20-40%, the water content is too low or too high, and the polysaccharide content and the protein content are both lower after the dendrobium officinale is subjected to the variable temperature and pressure difference puffing and drying.
According to the method for puffing and drying the dendrobium officinale by adopting the variable-temperature differential pressure, provided by the embodiments 1 to 8, the puffing temperature is increased to 60-80 ℃ in the tank, the standing and puffing time is 20-40min, and the vacuumizing time is 1-2h, so that the original nutritional ingredients can be retained to the maximum extent, the production period is short, the yield is high, and the production cost is low.
The details not described in the present specification are within the common general knowledge of those skilled in the art.
It is also noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a good or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such good or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a commodity or system that includes the element.
The foregoing description shows and describes several preferred embodiments of the invention, but as aforementioned, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, but is not to be construed as excluding other embodiments and is capable of use in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and is capable of changes within the scope of the inventive concept as expressed herein, commensurate with the above teachings, or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A variable-temperature differential pressure puffing drying method for high-quality dendrobium officinale comprises the following steps:
1) selecting raw materials: selecting fresh, healthy and clean dendrobium officinale stems as raw materials;
2) pretreatment of raw materials: cutting the dendrobium officinale stems in the step 1) into small sections, soaking the small sections in a sucrose aqueous solution, taking out and draining the small sections for later use;
3) pre-drying raw materials:
pre-drying the pretreated dendrobium officinale obtained in the step 2) by using a hot air drying oven to ensure that the water content of the dendrobium officinale is 30-40%, and then putting the dendrobium officinale into a refrigerator for softening for later use;
4) puffing and drying at variable temperature and pressure difference:
placing the Dendrobium officinale processed in the step 3) into a puffing tank, raising the puffing temperature in the tank to 80 ℃, raising the air pressure in the tank to 0.1-0.2Mpa, and standing for puffing for 30 min; opening a pressure release valve to enable the dendrobium officinale to be in a vacuum state instantly, reducing the evacuation temperature to 60 ℃, and keeping the evacuation time at the temperature for 2 hours; closing the valve, cooling to normal temperature, recovering the internal air pressure to normal pressure after the product is shaped, taking out the product, and storing;
the dendrobium officinale stems in the step 2) are cut into small sections with the length of 4-6mm, and the material-liquid ratio is 1: 4-1: 6kg/l of the mixture is placed in a 5-15% sucrose aqueous solution for soaking for 0.5-1 h.
2. The drying method according to claim 1, wherein the dendrobium officinale stem is cut into small segments with a length of 5mm, and the ratio of material to liquid is 1: 5kg/l of the mixture is placed in a 10% sucrose aqueous solution for soaking for 0.5 h.
3. The drying method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the moisture content of Dendrobium officinale in step 3) is 30%.
4. The drying method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the moisture content of Dendrobium officinale in step 3) is 40%.
5. The drying method according to claim 1, wherein the pre-drying treatment temperature in the step 3) is 60-80 ℃; the temperature in the refrigerator is 4 ℃; the softening time is 12 h.
6. A high-quality Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo is prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo is pre-dried by hot air and then is subjected to puffing drying at variable temperature and pressure difference; the dendrobium officinale contains 6.000-6.020% of water, 21.067-21.153% of polysaccharide and 4.960-4.990% of protein.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810158909.8A CN108477602B (en) | 2018-02-26 | 2018-02-26 | High-quality dendrobium officinale and variable-temperature differential pressure puffing drying method thereof |
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| CN201810158909.8A CN108477602B (en) | 2018-02-26 | 2018-02-26 | High-quality dendrobium officinale and variable-temperature differential pressure puffing drying method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108477602A CN108477602A (en) | 2018-09-04 |
| CN108477602B true CN108477602B (en) | 2022-02-01 |
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