CN108477224B - Component B separated from sargassum henryi ethyl acetate extract, preparation method thereof and application of component B in marine fouling organism prevention and removal - Google Patents
Component B separated from sargassum henryi ethyl acetate extract, preparation method thereof and application of component B in marine fouling organism prevention and removal Download PDFInfo
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- CN108477224B CN108477224B CN201810128601.9A CN201810128601A CN108477224B CN 108477224 B CN108477224 B CN 108477224B CN 201810128601 A CN201810128601 A CN 201810128601A CN 108477224 B CN108477224 B CN 108477224B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/03—Algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
Abstract
The invention discloses a component B separated from an ethyl acetate extract of sargassum henryi, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in preventing and removing marine fouling organisms. The component B of the sargassum henryi ethyl acetate extract has obvious effect of inhibiting barnacle and mussel larva from attaching when being coated on a solid surface at a low dose, so that the component B can be used for preparing marine fouling organism control agents. The component B is extracted from sargassum henryi, is a naturally-occurring organic compound, does not pollute the water environment and is enriched in organisms due to food chain transfer, is environment-friendly and high in safety, does not contain heavy metal elements such as copper and tin while effectively inhibiting the attachment of marine organisms, has good social benefits from the aspect of environmental protection, is wide in source, simple and convenient in separation and preparation approach, suitable for large-scale production, high in popularization potential and has good application prospects in marine fouling organism prevention and removal.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the field of natural products, and particularly relates to a component B separated from an ethyl acetate extract of sargassum henslowianum, a preparation method of the component B and application of the component B in marine fouling organism prevention and removal.
Background art:
marine fouling organisms refer to various organisms which are fixed or inhabit on underwater parts of ships and artificial facilities and have adverse effects on human economic activities, and the marine fouling organisms mainly have the harm of increasing resistance, reducing navigational speed and increasing fuel consumption; blocking a pipeline system, changing a metal corrosion process and initiating corrosion perforation; the dynamic load effect is increased, so that artificial facilities drift, are unbalanced and even overturn; compete for the attaching base and bait with the culture object, hinder the growth and development of the culture object and reduce the quality of aquatic products. Therefore, in the development of the marine economic industry, the control of marine fouling organisms is an essential part of the development of the marine economic industry.
Marine biofouling organisms consist of animals, plants and microorganisms, of which the more harmful and difficult to remove species are mainly limy hulls, sessile living stemless vines (barnacles) and bivalve mollusks (mussels and oysters). In tropical and subtropical coastal areas, balanus reticulatus is a typical representative of sessile tendrils and is also an absolute dominant species in fouling organism communities; perna viridis is a major bivalve mollusk in the east and south seas. Fouling organisms are generally divided into two life stages, namely a planktonic life stage from the development of larva out of an egg membrane until the surface of an object is explored intermittently to prepare for attachment; the larvae are selected to settle at the settlement position, and after the larvae are adhered to the surface of the adhering base and are transformed into larvae, the larvae are in the stage of fixation or adhering to the life. From the viewpoint of control, it is considered that the damage to human beings is caused after fixation or adhesion. If the adhesion of larvae can be effectively inhibited, the purpose of preventing and removing can be achieved. Therefore, the verification test of the invention adopts the balanus reticulates and the perna viridis as experimental objects, and the obtained research result has scientific reasonability and wide representativeness.
The traditional marine fouling organism control technology has the defects of high cost, short action time, poor target organism pertinence and the like, and even can generate the problem of environmental hazard, so the understanding of the natural chemical antifouling action mechanism of marine organisms can provide reference for developing pollution-free antifouling technologies, and the marine organisms themselves also can be important sources of novel antifouling agents. The content of the anti-adhesion active substances in marine animals and microorganisms is low, and the structure is relatively complex, so that the marine animals and microorganisms are inconvenient to deeply develop and widely apply. Therefore, the natural anti-fouling agent is searched from marine plants which are widely distributed and have large resource quantity, and the natural anti-fouling agent is not only a brand-new attempt, but also has important theoretical and practical significance.
Sargassum henryi (Sargassum hensellowianum c. agardh) belongs to phaeophyta, phaeophyceae, Fucales, Sargassaceae, and Sargassum, and is widely distributed on rock in low tide zone of coastal areas such as Fujian, Guangdong, and hong Kong. The algae is large in size, rich in resources, short in growth cycle, capable of being cultured in large scale and good in development and utilization prospect, and recently, people find that the algae contains bioactive components such as anti-tumor, anti-virus, blood fat reducing, anti-oxidation and free radical scavenging. However, there has not been any report on whether or not sargassum henryi contains an effective component for preventing the adhesion of larvae and the germination of spores of marine biofouling organisms and whether or not it can be applied to the field of marine biofouling organism control.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a component B separated from an ethyl acetate extract of sargassum henryi, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in preventing and removing marine fouling organisms.
The invention provides a preparation method of component B of an ethyl acetate extract of sargassum henryi, which comprises the following steps:
extracting sargassum henslowianum with ethanol water solution, and concentrating the ethanol extract to obtain paste extract; sequentially extracting the paste extract with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate, and concentrating and drying ethyl acetate extract to obtain ethyl acetate extract; performing silica gel column chromatography on the ethyl acetate extract, taking petroleum ether-acetone and chloroform-methanol as eluent, sequentially performing gradient elution from petroleum ether-acetone with the volume ratio of 100:0, 50:1, 20:1, 10:1, 5:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, and chloroform-methanol with the volume ratio of 5:1, 3:1, 1:1, 0:100, and collecting petroleum ether: performing silica gel column chromatography on the components eluted by the acetone with the volume ratio of 10:1, performing gradient elution from petroleum ether-acetone with the volume ratio of 100:1, 50:1, 20:1, 10:1, 5:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2 and chloroform-methanol with the petroleum ether-acetone and chloroform-methanol as eluents with the volume ratio of 5:1, 3:1, 1:1, 0:100, and collecting petroleum ether: and (3) eluting the components with acetone in a volume ratio of 5:1, performing LH-20 gel chromatography twice, eluting with chloroform-methanol in a volume ratio of 1:1 as an eluent, tracking and detecting by adopting Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), and collecting the components on a thin layer plate which are eluted with petroleum ether: acetone is used as developing agent in the volume ratio of 50:11, and the Rf value is 0.60, so as to obtain component B of the sargassum henryi ethyl acetate extract.
The ethanol water solution is preferably ethanol water solution with the volume fraction of 95%.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a sargassum henslowianum ethyl acetate extract separated component B prepared according to the above preparation method of sargassum henslowianum ethyl acetate extract separated component B.
The component B of the sargassum henryi ethyl acetate extract is coated at the coating amount of 10 mu g/cm2In the case of the barnacle larvae, the attachment rate after 72 hours is 52.8 percent and is remarkably lower than 77.4 percent of that of a control group, which indicates that the component B of the sargassum henryi ethyl acetate extract has obvious inhibition effect on the barnacle larvae. The coating amount of component B in the ethyl acetate extract of sargassum henslowianum is 10 mug/cm2In time, the attachment rate of the mussel larvae after 72 hours is only 7.8 percent and is far lower than that of the control group, which shows that the component B separated from the ethyl acetate extract of the gulfweed can effectively inhibit the attachment of the mussel larvae. Therefore, the component B separated from the ethyl acetate extract of the sargassum henryi has good inhibition effect on larva attachment of the stemless cranberries and bivalves mollusks.
Therefore, the third object of the present invention is to provide the use of component B isolated from ethyl acetate extract of sargassum henryi for the prevention and treatment of marine biofouling organisms.
The marine fouling organisms are preferably stemless tendrils and bivalves mollusks.
The stemless tendrils are preferably balanus reticulatus, and the bivalves are preferably perna viridis.
Preferably, the application is to coat the component B of the ethyl acetate extract of sargassum henryi on a solid surface and coat the solid surfaceThe amount was 10. mu.g/cm2The above.
The fourth purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the component B separated from the ethyl acetate extract of the sargassum henslowianum in preparing the marine fouling organism control agent.
The marine fouling organism control agent is preferably a barnacle larva control agent or a mussel larva control agent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the component B separated from the ethyl acetate extract of the sargassum henryi has obvious effect of inhibiting marine organism adhesion when being coated on a solid surface at a low dose, so that the ethyl acetate extract of the sargassum henryi can be used for preparing a marine fouling organism control agent. The component B of the sargassum henslowianum ethyl acetate extract is a naturally-occurring organic compound, does not pollute the water environment and cause the enrichment of the sargassum henslowianum in organisms through food chain transfer, is environment-friendly and high in safety, does not contain heavy metal elements such as copper and tin while effectively inhibiting the attachment of marine organisms, has good social benefits from the aspect of environmental protection, has wide sources of sargassum henslowianum, is simple and convenient in separation and preparation approach, is suitable for large-scale production, has large popularization potential, and has good application prospect in preventing and removing marine fouling organisms.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following examples are further illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof.
Example 1:
the component B is extracted from sargassum henslowianum and comprises the following steps:
(1) extracting Sargassum henryi (Sargassum hensellowianum C. Agardh) with 95% ethanol water solution with volume fraction for 3 times, mixing extractive solutions to obtain ethanol extractive solution, vacuum rotary evaporating at 45 deg.C for concentration, and removing ethanol to obtain paste extract;
(2) adding water into the paste extract according to the proportion of 6 ml per gram for heavy suspension, extracting for 3 times by using petroleum ether with the same volume, removing petroleum ether extraction components, extracting the residual water layer for 3 times by using ethyl acetate with the same volume, combining ethyl acetate extraction liquid, concentrating and drying to obtain an ethyl acetate extract;
(3) subjecting the ethyl acetate extract to chromatographic separation in a normal pressure silica gel column (8000 g of silica gel, column length 180cm, column diameter 20cm), eluting with petroleum ether-acetone and chloroform-methanol at a petroleum ether-acetone volume ratio of 100:0, 50:1, 20:1, 10:1, 5:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, and chloroform-methanol at a chloroform-methanol volume ratio of 5:1, 3:1, 1:1, 0:100, performing tracking detection by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), combining similar components to obtain 25 components numbered as Fr.1-25;
(4) mixing petroleum ether: eluting the combined fraction Fr.2 with acetone at a volume ratio of 10:1 in a normal pressure silica gel column (silica gel 250g, column length 50cm, column diameter 4cm), eluting with petroleum ether-acetone and chloroform-methanol at a volume ratio of 100:0, 50:1, 20:1, 10:1, 5:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, sequentially eluting with chloroform-acetone at a volume ratio of 5:1, 3:1, 1:1, 0:100, detecting by thin layer chromatography TLC, and combining similar fractions. Wherein the ratio of petroleum ether: eluting the combined components with acetone at a volume ratio of 10:1, separating by silica gel column chromatography (silica gel 250g, column length 50cm, column diameter 4cm), eluting with petroleum ether-acetone and chloroform-methanol at a volume ratio of 100:1, 50:1, 20:1, 10:1, 5:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, eluting with chloroform-methanol at a volume ratio of 5:1, 3:1, 1:1, 0:100, performing tracking detection by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), and combining similar components. Wherein the ratio of petroleum ether: separating the component Fr.2-1 eluted and combined by acetone in a volume ratio of 5:1 by Sephadex LH-20 gel chromatography, eluting by using chloroform to methanol in a volume ratio of 1:1 as an eluent, collecting the eluted fractions at a speed of 8 min/tube, numbering according to the collection time sequence, numbering as 1-60, tracking and detecting by thin layer chromatography TLC, wherein 25-35 tubes are similar components (petroleum ether to acetone in a volume ratio of 50:11 as a developing agent to obtain 2 spots, the Rf values are respectively 0.47 and 0.60), combining the 25-35 tubes, separating by Sephadex LH-20 gel chromatography, eluting by using chloroform to methanol in a volume ratio of 1:1 as an eluent, collecting the eluted fractions at a speed of 6 min/tube, numbering according to the collection time sequence, numbering as 1 '-45', tracking and detecting by thin layer chromatography TLC, wherein the 30 '-33' tube is the same component (petroleum ether: acetone volume ratio is 50:11 as developing agent, Rf value is 0.60), and the components are combined and concentrated to obtain component B of the sargassum henryi ethyl acetate extract.
Example 2:
experimental groups: dissolving component B of the ethyl acetate extract of Sargassum henryi with chloroform-methanol mixed solvent (chloroform-methanol mixed solvent is prepared by mixing chloroform and methanol at volume ratio of 3: 1), and making into 282.6 μ g/ml solution. 1ml of this solution was added to a 6cm diameter petri dish and allowed to cover the bottom of the dish uniformly. After the solvent was completely volatilized, the amount of component B separated from the ethyl acetate extract of Sargassum henryi coated on the bottom of the petri dish was 10. mu.g/cm2. 13ml of seawater was then added to the petri dish.
Control group: adding 1ml chloroform-methanol mixed solvent (the chloroform-methanol mixed solvent is formed by mixing chloroform and methanol according to the volume ratio of 3: 1) to uniformly distribute the chloroform-methanol mixed solvent at the bottom of the culture dish, and adding 13ml seawater after the chloroform-methanol mixed solvent is completely volatilized.
Blank group: 13ml of seawater was added.
Each of the experimental, blank and control groups was provided with 4 replicates. 30 cyprids of balanus reticulates were added to each sample. Culturing in a constant temperature incubator at about 30 deg.C in dark environment. The observation was performed every 24 hours. Statistical analysis of the final attachment and death status of each group of larvae was performed after 72 hours of culture.
Table 1 lists the attachment and mortality rates of the cyprids of the experimental, control and blank groups. As can be seen, after being cultured in the constant temperature incubator for 72 hours, the attachment rate of the larvae of the blank group is 76.3 percent, the attachment rate of the larvae of the control group is 77.4 percent, and the attachment rates of the cyprids of the blank group and the cyprids of the control group are not obviously different (P)>0.05), indicating that harmful substances which influence the activity of the cyprids cannot be left after the chloroform-methanol mixed solvent is volatilized. As for the experimental group in which the bottom of the culture dish was covered with the ethyl acetate extract of Sargassum henryi for separating component B, the attachment rate of the cyprids of the Clariana was 52.8%, and the cyprids were smallIn the control group, the difference is significant (P)<0.05), indicating that component B is separated at 10. mu.g/cm from the ethyl acetate extract of sargassum henryi2Can effectively inhibit the attachment of cyprids of balanus reticulatus under the dosage of the composition. In addition, the larval mortality rates of the blank group, the control group and the experimental group were all 0, indicating that component B, which is an ethyl acetate extract of sargassum henryi, does not exert a poisoning effect on the larvae at this dose.
Table 1: attachment and death status of cyprids of balanus reticulatus 72 hours later
| Group of | Test dose | Adhesion Rate (%) | Mortality (%) |
| Blank group | － | 76.3 | 0 |
| Control group | － | 77.4 | 0 |
| Experimental group | 10μg/cm2 | 52.8 | 0 |
Example 3:
experimental groups: dissolving component B of the ethyl acetate extract of Sargassum henryi with chloroform-methanol mixed solvent (chloroform-methanol mixed solvent is prepared by mixing chloroform and methanol at volume ratio of 3: 1), and making into 282.6 μ g/ml solution. 1ml of this solution was added to a 6cm diameter dish and allowed to cover the bottom of the dish uniformly. After the solvent was completely volatilized, the amount of component B separated from the ethyl acetate extract of Sargassum henryi coated on the bottom of the petri dish was 10. mu.g/cm2. 13ml of seawater was then added to the petri dish.
Control group: adding 1ml chloroform-methanol mixed solvent (the chloroform-methanol mixed solvent is prepared by mixing chloroform and methanol at a volume ratio of 3: 1) to uniformly distribute the solvent at the bottom of the culture dish, and adding 13ml seawater when the solvent is completely volatilized.
Blank group: 13ml of seawater was added.
The experimental group, the blank group and the control group are all provided with 4 parallel samples, and about 30 perna viridis faceplate larvae are added into each sample. Culturing in dark environment in an incubator at a temperature of about 26 ℃. The observation was performed every 24 hours. Statistical analysis of the final attachment and death status of each group of larvae was performed after 72 hours of culture.
Table 2 lists the attachment and mortality rates of perna viridis larvae in the experimental, control and blank groups. It can be seen that after the culture in the incubator for 72 hours, the attachment rate of the larvae of the blank group is about 47.2%, the attachment rate of the larvae of the control group is about 44.6%, and the attachment rates of the larvae of the dough plates of the blank group and the control group are not significantly different (P >0.05), which indicates that harmful substances affecting the activity of the larvae of the dough plates cannot be left after the chloroform-methanol mixed solvent is volatilized. The adhesion rate of larvae of the experimental group treated by the component B separated from the sargassum henryi ethyl acetate extract is only 7.8 percent, which is far lower than that of the control group, and the difference is extremely obvious (P <0.01), which shows that the component B separated from the sargassum henryi ethyl acetate extract can effectively inhibit the adhesion of larvae of perna viridis. In addition, the larval mortality rates of the blank group, the control group and the experimental group were all 0, indicating that component B, which is an ethyl acetate extract of sargassum henryi, does not exert a poisoning effect on the larvae at this dose.
Table 2: attachment and death of emerald green common mussel faceplates larvae after 72 hours
| Group of | Test dose | Percentage of adhesion% | The mortality rate is% |
| Blank group | － | 47.2 | 0 |
| Control group | － | 44.6 | 0 |
| Experimental group | 10μg/cm2 | 7.8 | 0 |
Claims (4)
1. The application of the component B separated from the sargassum henslowianum ethyl acetate extract in preventing and removing marine fouling organisms is characterized in that the component B separated from the sargassum henslowianum ethyl acetate extract is prepared by the following method: extracting sargassum henryi with 95% ethanol water solution by volume fraction, and concentrating the ethanol extract to obtain a paste extract; sequentially extracting the paste extract with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate, and concentrating and drying ethyl acetate extract to obtain ethyl acetate extract; performing silica gel column chromatography on the ethyl acetate extract, taking petroleum ether-acetone and chloroform-methanol as eluent, sequentially performing gradient elution from petroleum ether-acetone with the volume ratio of 100:0, 50:1, 20:1, 10:1, 5:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, and chloroform-methanol with the volume ratio of 5:1, 3:1, 1:1, 0:100, and collecting petroleum ether: performing silica gel column chromatography on the components eluted by the acetone with the volume ratio of 10:1, performing gradient elution from petroleum ether-acetone with the volume ratio of 100:1, 50:1, 20:1, 10:1, 5:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2 and chloroform-methanol with the petroleum ether-acetone and chloroform-methanol as eluents with the volume ratio of 5:1, 3:1, 1:1, 0:100, and collecting petroleum ether: and (3) eluting the components with acetone in a volume ratio of 5:1, performing LH-20 gel column chromatography twice, eluting with chloroform-methanol in a volume ratio of 1:1 as an eluent, performing TLC (thin layer chromatography) tracking detection, and collecting the components on a thin layer plate which are eluted with petroleum ether: acetone is used as developing solvent with the volume ratio of 50:11, and the Rf value is 0.60, so as to obtain component B of the sargassum henryi ethyl acetate extract; the marine fouling organisms are stemless tendrils and bivalves mollusks.
2. The use according to claim 1, wherein said sessile tendrilis is balanus reticulatus and said bivalves are perna viridis.
3. The use according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said use comprises applying said component B of ethyl acetate extract of Sargassum henryi in an amount of 10 μ g/cm to a solid surface2The above.
4. The application of the component B separated from the ethyl acetate extract of sargassum henslowianum in preparing the marine fouling organism control agent is characterized in that the component B separated from the ethyl acetate extract of sargassum henslowianum is prepared by the following method: extracting sargassum henryi with 95% ethanol water solution by volume fraction, and concentrating the ethanol extract to obtain a paste extract; sequentially extracting the paste extract with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate, and concentrating and drying ethyl acetate extract to obtain ethyl acetate extract; performing silica gel column chromatography on the ethyl acetate extract, taking petroleum ether-acetone and chloroform-methanol as eluent, sequentially performing gradient elution from petroleum ether-acetone with the volume ratio of 100:0, 50:1, 20:1, 10:1, 5:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, and chloroform-methanol with the volume ratio of 5:1, 3:1, 1:1, 0:100, and collecting petroleum ether: performing silica gel column chromatography on the components eluted by the acetone with the volume ratio of 10:1, performing gradient elution from petroleum ether-acetone with the volume ratio of 100:1, 50:1, 20:1, 10:1, 5:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2 and chloroform-methanol with the petroleum ether-acetone and chloroform-methanol as eluents with the volume ratio of 5:1, 3:1, 1:1, 0:100, and collecting petroleum ether: and (3) eluting the components with acetone in a volume ratio of 5:1, performing LH-20 gel column chromatography twice, eluting with chloroform-methanol in a volume ratio of 1:1 as an eluent, performing TLC (thin layer chromatography) tracking detection, and collecting the components on a thin layer plate which are eluted with petroleum ether: acetone is used as developing solvent with the volume ratio of 50:11, and the Rf value is 0.60, so as to obtain component B of the sargassum henryi ethyl acetate extract; the marine fouling organism control agent is a barnacle larva control agent or a mussel larva control agent.
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