CN108472723A - Material for manufacturing component - Google Patents

Material for manufacturing component Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108472723A
CN108472723A CN201780007070.1A CN201780007070A CN108472723A CN 108472723 A CN108472723 A CN 108472723A CN 201780007070 A CN201780007070 A CN 201780007070A CN 108472723 A CN108472723 A CN 108472723A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
flow promortor
metal powder
metal
material according
container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
CN201780007070.1A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
R·海德
C·托马
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Audi AG
Original Assignee
Audi AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Audi AG filed Critical Audi AG
Publication of CN108472723A publication Critical patent/CN108472723A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C32/00Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0036Matrix based on Al, Mg, Be or alloys thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/10Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/10Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
    • B22F1/105Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing inorganic lubricating or binding agents, e.g. metal salts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/50Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
    • B22F12/58Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads for changing the material composition, e.g. by mixing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/307Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/314Preparation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/307Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/343Metering
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C32/00Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0026Matrix based on Ni, Co, Cr or alloys thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C32/00Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0031Matrix based on refractory metals, W, Mo, Nb, Hf, Ta, Zr, Ti, V or alloys thereof
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25Process efficiency

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of materials for manufacturing component, the material includes the mixture formed by metal powder (16) and flow promortor (18), wherein, material (4) is applied on the load bearing member and is melted later by laser beam on the load bearing member being applied in, and metal powder (16) is made to be solidified into component.

Description

Material for manufacturing component
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for manufacturing the materials/substances of component, a kind of device and one kind for production material Method for manufacturing component.
Background technology
In adding type/increasing material formula manufacturing method, such as component is built layer by layer in three-dimensional laser Method of printing.Thus Apply powdered material in the plane to manufacture corresponding layer, with laser beam heats and melts.When the material of fusing hardens The layer to be manufactured is generated afterwards.
To in 199 05 067 A1 of this reference literature DE, known one kind is for by layer by layer by powder from the document The mode that shape raw metal is built is manufactured the device of body.
A kind of known method using high temperature-Direct Laser fusing manufactures three-dimensional also from 601 14 453 T2 of document DE The method of metal parts.
It is described in 10 2,004 012 682 A1 of document DE a kind of by means of laser technology manufacture three-dimension object and profit Apply the method for absorbent with inkjet printing methods.
A kind of known method manufacturing three-dimension object by means of microbeam also from 1 459 871 A2 of document EP.
Invention content
In this context, the material that there are rights to independence to require feature, device and method are proposed.Material, device and method Design scheme by being obtained in dependent claims and specification.
The design of material invented at all is for manufacturing component and including the mixture formed by metal powder and flow promortor. In order to manufacture component, material is applied on the load bearing member, and is melted by laser beam after being applied on the load bearing member, and makes gold Belong to powder curing into component.
Flow promortor includes metal oxide particle, which includes the oxygen of base metal or transition metal Compound.Optionally or addedly, flow promortor includes the molecular compound of metal oxide, which includes base metal Or the oxide of transition metal.
Therefore, flow promortor be may include not only base metal can also include transition metal, such as silicon metal oxygen The molecular compound of compound particle or metal oxide.
If the energy applied in heating material is insufficient, flow promortor is partly melted by laser beam together, and portion Divide and is not melted.Flow promortor is entered as particle residue in molten metal powder in other words metal, or with molten bath In new phase.The material of fusing can also be improved herein, that is the material of fusing and/or the mechanicalness of molten metal powder Can, such as it is particularly the case for ODS alloys (oxide dispersed strengthening oxide dispersion intensifyings).
In the embodiment of the material of proposition, flow promortor has hydrophobic performance.
Built using the oxidation with metal or transition metal, such as siloxanes or aluminium oxide or molecular compound as flowing Auxiliary agent.
Flow promortor proportion in entire material is, for example, 0.1% to maximum 1%.The ratio generally corresponds to quality Percentage.Therefore material quality include x%, 0.1% flow promortor and 100-x%, such as 99.9% metal powder.
Metal powder is for example formed by aluminium, steel, nickel or titanium, wherein metal powder granulates in embodiments have 10 μm extremely 200 μm of size.
According to the present invention in manufacturing the method for component, the material proposed to be applied on the load bearing member, and It is melted by laser beam after being applied on the load bearing member, the also metal powder as the component part of material other than flow promortor End is cured or hardens into component.
Device according to the present invention for production material includes mixing apparatus, which is designed to metal Powder is mixed with each other with flow promortor, and the material is thus made.
In design scheme, which includes the first container for measuring equipment with first and measures equipment with second Second container.Metal powder is stored in the first container at this, flow promortor is stored in second container.First measures equipment quilt It is designed as measuring the metal powder of the first amount from the first container and is supplied to mixing apparatus.Second measurement equipment be designed to from The flow promortor of the second amount is measured in second container and is supplied to mixing apparatus.
By may be implemented equipped with the flow promortor being mixed into metal powder to prepare material, manufactured in production In method, for example, in 3 D-printing method improve metal powder mobility.
In the method for manufacturing component, wherein using adding type manufacturing method, it is added to the metal powder of flow promortor It is for example melted by lasing light emitter at end.Metal powder usually has the granular size of the range between 10 μm to 200 μm.By continuing Repeatedly melt realizes component of the manufacture with complex geometric shapes by the layer that metal powder is formed on the load bearing member.Herein by The achievable mechanical features value of metal component made of the material, such as yield limit, tensile strength and/or extension at break exist It is evenly distributed on manufactured component.In addition, passing through the variation of at least one process variable of laser, the power of such as laser And/or the movement velocity of laser beam variation can on entire component adjustment member different mechanical property requirements.
Further include the material of flow promortor other than metal powder by setting, in rapidoprint and and then in processing gold Process stability is ensure that when belonging to powder.Include the metal powder based on aluminium, steel or iron, nickel or titanium material due to be mixed with stream Dynamic auxiliary agent has improved mobility compared with pure metal powder, and thus the material with metal powder is on being applied to load-bearing part When ensure that and be applied evenly.By the case where metal powder is mixed with flow promortor in the material, due to mobility It is also beneficial to be mixed with the suction and sieving of the metal powder of flow promortor.The ratio that flow promortor accounts in material for example relies on Size, the Size Distribution of particle in metal powder granulates, also rely on environment temperature and humidity.
The flow promortor of metal powder fluctuates very little as material components.Material is also reduced by flow promortor to inhale The trend of hygroscopic gas.
In manufacture material, i.e., in embodiments mixing material when, based on aluminium, steel, nickel or titanium metal powder mixing A small amount of flow promortor.Such as siloxanes or aluminium oxide are used as flow promortor.The amount of flow promortor or institute in the quality of material Accounting example is the small percentage range of units to maximum 5% or maximum only 1%, such as 0.1%.It is to be processed, i.e. fusion The mechanical features value of the metal powder of change is unaffected due to a small amount of flow promortor.Flow promortor is commonly attached to metal powder On, and there is hydrophobicity.Gold is significantly improved by the flow promortor or corresponding flowing auxiliary material that are mixed into metal powder Belong to the mobility of powder.
In the method for manufacture component, wherein successively manufacture component in principle, when applying material on the load bearing member and in turn Apply the process for the stabilization that the when of being mixed with the metal powder of flow promortor ensure that when applying material on the load bearing member.Due to Using only a small amount of flow promortor, therefore the mechanical features value of metal powder is not influenced.Due to flow media be it is hydrophobic, because This also avoids metal powder and absorbs moisture from environment.
The further advantage and design scheme of the present invention is obtained from the description and the appended drawings.
It is evident that it is above-mentioned and following it may also be noticed that feature not only can by the combination that illustrates respectively, It by other combinations or can also be used alone, as long as without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Description of the drawings
The present invention is shown schematically in the figures by a form of implementation and is schematically described in detail with reference to attached drawing.
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of a form of implementation of the apparatus according to the invention.
Specific implementation mode
The form of implementation of the device 2 according to the present invention for production material 4 schematically shown in Fig. 1 includes mixing Equipment 6, the first container 8 and second container 10.It is that the first measurement equipment 12 is arranged in the first container 8 herein.Match for second container 10 If the second measurement equipment 14.The two measure equipment 12,14 and are referred to as or are designed as dispensing equipment.
Also, it has been proposed that storing metal powder 16 in the first container 8.Flow promortor 18 is stored in second container 10.In order to Production material 4 measures the metal powder 16 of the first amount by the first measurement equipment 12 and is supplied to mixing apparatus 6.Also pass through Two measurement equipment 14 measure the flow promortor 18 of the second amount from second container 10 and are supplied to mixing apparatus 6.Can be herein Mixing apparatus 6 either provides metal powder 16 and then provides flow promortor or provide flow promortor 18 first and then carry first For metal powder 16.It can also realize, can also metal powder 16 and flow promortor 18 be supplied to mixing apparatus 6 simultaneously.It is mixed It closes equipment 6 to be designed as thus, metal powder 16 and flow promortor 18 is mixed into uniform material 4.
Manufacturing equipment 20 is also shown in Fig. 1, and material 4 is provided and/or is conveyed to the manufacturing equipment 20.Manufacturing equipment 20 is thus It is designed as, applies at least layer of material 4 on the load bearing member in the manufacturing process of adding type.One layer is being applied on load-bearing part After material 4, such as using laser to the heating of material 4, wherein metal powder 16 and flow promortor 18 is made to melt.Then make metal Powder 16 hardens, and provides a layer made of metal for component to be manufactured.

Claims (12)

1. a kind of material for manufacturing component, which includes the mixing formed by metal powder (16) and flow promortor (18) Object, wherein material (4) is applied on the load bearing member and is melted later by laser beam on the load bearing member being applied in, and makes gold Belong to powder (16) and is solidified into component.
2. material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that flow promortor (18) includes metal oxide particle, the gold Belong to the oxide that oxide particle includes base metal or transition metal.
3. material according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that flow promortor (18) includes the molecule of metal oxide Compound, the molecular compound of the metal oxide include the oxide of base metal or transition metal.
4. material according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that flow promortor (18) is hydrophobic.
5. material according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that flow promortor (18) includes siloxanes.
6. material according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that flow promortor (18) includes aluminium oxide.
7. material according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that the ratio of flow promortor (18) is for example, about For 0.1%, maximum 5%.
8. material according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that metal powder (16) includes aluminium, steel, nickel Or titanium.
9. material according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that metal powder (16) particle has 10 μm To 200 μm of size.
10. device of the one kind for producing material according to any one of claim 1 to 9 (4), which includes mixing Equipment (6), wherein mixing apparatus (6) are designed as metal powder (16) and flow promortor (18) being mixed with each other and material are made (4)。
11. device according to claim 10, the device include the first container (8) for measuring equipment (12) with first and The second container (10) for measuring equipment (14) with second, wherein the storage metal powder (16) in the first container (8), the Storage flow promortor (18) in two containers (10), wherein the first measurement equipment (12) is designed as measuring the from the first container (8) The metal powder (16) of one amount is simultaneously supplied to mixing apparatus (4), and the second measurement equipment (14) is designed as from second container (10) It measures the flow promortor (18) of the second amount and is supplied to mixing apparatus (6).
12. a kind of method for manufacturing component, wherein applying on the load bearing member according to described in any one of claim 1 to 9 Material (4), and the material be applied on load-bearing part after by the laser fusion material, other than flow promortor (18) Also the metal powder (16) as the component part of material (4) is cured into component.
CN201780007070.1A 2016-01-18 2017-01-13 Material for manufacturing component Withdrawn CN108472723A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016000435.5A DE102016000435A1 (en) 2016-01-18 2016-01-18 Substance for producing a component
DE102016000435.5 2016-01-18
PCT/EP2017/000035 WO2017125243A1 (en) 2016-01-18 2017-01-13 Substance for producing a component

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN108472723A true CN108472723A (en) 2018-08-31

Family

ID=57963153

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201780007070.1A Withdrawn CN108472723A (en) 2016-01-18 2017-01-13 Material for manufacturing component

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3405303A1 (en)
CN (1) CN108472723A (en)
DE (1) DE102016000435A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2017125243A1 (en)

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DE102019207389A1 (en) * 2019-05-21 2020-11-26 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Method for the additive and / or generative production of a component and a motor vehicle

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2017125243A1 (en) 2017-07-27
EP3405303A1 (en) 2018-11-28
DE102016000435A1 (en) 2017-07-20

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Application publication date: 20180831