CN108467928B - Method for improving half-height width of magnetic entropy variation curve of LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material - Google Patents

Method for improving half-height width of magnetic entropy variation curve of LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material Download PDF

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CN108467928B
CN108467928B CN201810175950.6A CN201810175950A CN108467928B CN 108467928 B CN108467928 B CN 108467928B CN 201810175950 A CN201810175950 A CN 201810175950A CN 108467928 B CN108467928 B CN 108467928B
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孙永阳
王占洲
洪群峰
韩相华
郝忠彬
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Hengdian Group DMEGC Magnetics Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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    • H01F1/012—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials adapted for magnetic entropy change by magnetocaloric effect, e.g. used as magnetic refrigerating material
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic refrigeration materials. The invention discloses a method for improving the full width at half maximum of a magnetic entropy change curve of a LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material, which comprises the steps of heat treatment, furnace cooling, air cooling, hydrogen charging and the like, wherein the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material is subjected to high-temperature heat treatment for 1-24 hours at the temperature of 1000-1300 ℃, then is sequentially subjected to furnace cooling and air cooling to room temperature, and finally is subjected to hydrogen charging operation, so that the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material with the wider magnetic entropy change curve full width at half maximum is obtained. The LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material treated by the method has wider full width at half maximum of a magnetic entropy change curve on the premise of keeping larger magnetic entropy change, reduces the types of the adopted magnetic refrigeration materials in practical application, and can greatly reduce the cost.

Description

Method for improving half-height width of magnetic entropy variation curve of LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic refrigeration materials, in particular to a method for improving the full width at half maximum of a magnetic entropy variation curve of a LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material.
Background
Magnetic refrigeration is a technique for refrigerating by using the magnetocaloric effect of a magnetic material during the process of applying a magnetic field and demagnetizing the magnetic field. Compared with the traditional compressor refrigeration, the compressor refrigeration system has the advantages of small volume, high theoretical efficiency, greenness, no pollution and the like, and is a very potential compressor refrigeration replacement technology.
The core of magnetic refrigeration technology is magnetic field and magnetic refrigeration material. Generally, the higher the magnetic field, the higher the refrigerating capacity of the magnetic refrigerating material, but the higher the cost increase, so the researchers of the magnetic refrigerating material have been working on obtaining the magnetic refrigerating material with large magnetic entropy change and adiabatic temperature change under low field.
Through decades of development, the current magnetic refrigeration material systems mainly comprise a LaFeSi system, a GdSiGe system, a NiMnGa system and the like, wherein the LaFeSi system magnetic refrigeration material has the most application prospect due to the advantages of no toxicity, low cost, easiness in preparation and the like. For researchers of magnetic refrigeration materials, the aim is to obtain high refrigeration capacity and higher refrigeration efficiency through large magnetic entropy change. However, a problem is also neglected, namely that the higher the magnetic entropy change and the adiabatic temperature change is, the narrower the half-height width is, the more kinds of magnetic refrigeration materials are needed in the same refrigeration temperature zone, and the corresponding cost is higher. Generally, only one Curie temperature material is not enough to be used for refrigeration in a required refrigeration temperature area, and several or even more than ten materials with Curie temperature intervals of several degrees are often required to be matched for use to achieve a better effect. The LaFeSi magnetic refrigeration material has first-order phase change near the Curie temperature, so that the LaFeSi magnetic refrigeration material has a large magnetocaloric effect, and the phase change is characterized in that a magnetic entropy change curve has a narrow and high peak near the Curie temperature, and generally, the higher the peak value is, the smaller the half-height width of the peak is, and the lower the peak value is, the larger the half-height width of the peak is. Under the condition that the half-height width of a magnetic entropy change curve is small, several or even more than ten materials with Curie temperature intervals of several degrees are often required to be matched for use to achieve a better effect. The Curie temperature of the LaFeSi ternary alloy is about 200K, so that the LaFeSiH alloy cannot be used for room-temperature magnetic refrigeration, and the LaFeSiH alloy is usually obtained through hydrogenation treatment, so that the Curie temperature is close to the room temperature, the characteristic of first-order phase change is kept, and the LaFeSi ternary alloy still has large magnetic entropy change.
At present, the preparation process of the magnetic refrigeration material is alloy smelting and master alloy heat treatment, quenching is carried out in ice water or liquid nitrogen for cooling after the heat treatment so as to retain NaZn13 phase formed at high temperature, and the NaZn13 phase is crushed into powder after cooling for filling hydrogen.
In the prior art, in order to obtain higher magnetic entropy change, a quenching process is often adopted, namely, a material subjected to heat treatment is placed into ice water or liquid nitrogen for cooling, the ice water cooling cost is low, the speed is high, but the material is easy to enter water after being cracked, is oxidized and corroded, and reduces the yield; liquid nitrogen coolingEven if the material is broken, it is not oxidized and the cooling speed is faster, but the cost is high. NaZn for holding material after quenching by ice water or liquid nitrogen13The phase, thereby have very high magnetic entropy change, but often the magnetic entropy becomes half height width lower, if only about 4 ~ 5K under 1T magnetic field, need the magnetic refrigeration material cooperation use of more various different Curie temperatures under this condition can reach better effect, corresponding cost is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for improving the full width at half maximum of the magnetic entropy change curve of the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material on the premise of larger magnetic entropy change.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for improving the full width at half maximum of a magnetic entropy variation curve of a LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material comprises the following steps:
a) and (3) heat treatment: carrying out high-temperature heat treatment on the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material at the temperature of 1000-1300 ℃, wherein the heat treatment time is 1-24 hours;
b) furnace cooling: after the heat treatment is finished, the heating is closed, and the furnace is cooled for 0 to 60 minutes;
c) air cooling: and taking out the heating body in the furnace after the furnace cooling is finished, and air-cooling the furnace body and the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material in the furnace body to cool the furnace body and the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material to room temperature within 10-300 minutes.
The method has the key points that the temperature and the processing time of high-temperature heat treatment, the processing temperature of 1000-1300 ℃ and the processing time of 1-24 hours are specially selected for the magnetic refrigeration material in the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material system, the magnetic entropy change of the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material is influenced by overhigh or overlow temperature, so that the magnetic refrigeration material can lose the magnetic entropy change while not obtaining wider half-height width, and the proper heat treatment temperature and the proper processing time are selected within the range of the processing temperature of 1000-1300 ℃ and the processing time of 1-24 hours for different magnetic refrigeration materials in the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material system, so that the magnetic refrigeration material has wider half-height width on the premise of keeping higher magnetic entropy change; the other key point of the invention is the speed of cooling after heat treatment, although the rapid cooling method of direct ice water/liquid nitrogen in the prior art can obtain higher magnetic entropy change, the rapid cooling process has adverse effect on the integrity of the magnetic refrigeration material, has the problems of breakage and the like, and further causes more serious problems of oxidation corrosion and the like, and the magnetic entropy change of the magnetic refrigeration material obtained by similar processes is not wide at half-height and width, and is only 4-5K under a 1T magnetic field.
Preferably, it further comprises a step d) of charging hydrogen: and crushing the cooled LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material, and charging hydrogen in a hydrogen atmosphere with the pressure of 0.5MPa for 5 hours.
Preferably, the LaFeSi alloy magnetic material has La as the component1-xCexFe13-a-b-c-dMnaCrbCocSid。
Preferably, La1-xCexFe13-a-b-c-dMnaCrbCocSidIn which x is in the range of 0<x is less than or equal to 0.5, d is within the range of 1.0 to 1.5; a is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.5, b is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.5, c is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.5, and a + b + c is more than or equal to 0.003 and less than or equal to 0.5.
Preferably, the air-cooling treatment in step c is carried out by a fan or a blower.
Preferably, in the step d, the cooled LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material is crushed to the particle size of less than 1 mm.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material treated by the method has wider full width at half maximum of a magnetic entropy change curve on the premise of keeping larger magnetic entropy change, reduces the types of the adopted magnetic refrigeration materials in practical application, and can greatly reduce the cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the full width at half maximum (denoted by δ FWHM) of a magnetic refrigeration material;
FIG. 2 shows La of example 61-xCexFe13-a-b-c-dMnaCrbCocSidXRD diffraction pattern of the alloy.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
1. A method for improving the full width at half maximum of a magnetic entropy variation curve of a LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) and (3) heat treatment: carrying out high-temperature heat treatment on the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material at the temperature of 1000-1300 ℃, wherein the heat treatment time is 1-24 hours;
b) furnace cooling: after the heat treatment is finished, the heating is closed, and the furnace is cooled for 0 to 60 minutes;
c) air cooling: taking out the heating body in the furnace after furnace cooling is finished, and performing air cooling treatment on the furnace body and the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material in the furnace body by adopting a fan or a blower to cool the furnace body and the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material to room temperature within 10-300 minutes;
d) charging hydrogen: and crushing the cooled LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material to particles with the particle size smaller than 1mm, and filling hydrogen in a hydrogen atmosphere with the pressure of 0.4-0.6 MPa for 4-6 hours.
Example 2
1. A method for improving the full width at half maximum of a magnetic entropy variation curve of a LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) and (3) heat treatment: carrying out high-temperature heat treatment on the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material at the temperature of 1000-1300 ℃, wherein the heat treatment time is 1-24 hours;
b) furnace cooling: after the heat treatment is finished, the heating is closed, and the furnace is cooled for 0 to 60 minutes;
c) air cooling: taking out the heating body in the furnace after furnace cooling is finished, and performing air cooling treatment on the furnace body and the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material in the furnace body by adopting a fan or a blower to cool the furnace body and the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material to room temperature within 10-300 minutes;
d) charging hydrogen: and crushing the cooled LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material to particles with the particle size smaller than 1mm, and filling hydrogen in a hydrogen atmosphere with the pressure of 0.4-0.6 MPa for 4-6 hours.
Example 3
1. A method for improving the full width at half maximum of a magnetic entropy variation curve of a LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) and (3) heat treatment: carrying out high-temperature heat treatment on the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material at the temperature of 1000-1300 ℃, wherein the heat treatment time is 1-24 hours;
b) furnace cooling: after the heat treatment is finished, the heating is closed, and the furnace is cooled for 0 to 60 minutes;
c) air cooling: taking out the heating body in the furnace after furnace cooling is finished, and performing air cooling treatment on the furnace body and the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material in the furnace body by adopting a fan or a blower to cool the furnace body and the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material to room temperature within 10-300 minutes;
d) charging hydrogen: and crushing the cooled LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material to particles with the particle size smaller than 1mm, and filling hydrogen in a hydrogen atmosphere with the pressure of 0.4-0.6 MPa for 4-6 hours.
Example 4
1. A method for improving the full width at half maximum of a magnetic entropy variation curve of a LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) and (3) heat treatment: carrying out high-temperature heat treatment on the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material at the temperature of 1000-1300 ℃, wherein the heat treatment time is 1-24 hours;
b) furnace cooling: after the heat treatment is finished, the heating is closed, and the furnace is cooled for 0 to 60 minutes;
c) air cooling: taking out the heating body in the furnace after furnace cooling is finished, and performing air cooling treatment on the furnace body and the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material in the furnace body by adopting a fan or a blower to cool the furnace body and the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material to room temperature within 10-300 minutes;
d) charging hydrogen: and crushing the cooled LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material to particles with the particle size smaller than 1mm, and filling hydrogen in a hydrogen atmosphere with the pressure of 0.4-0.6 MPa for 4-6 hours.
Example 5
1. A method for improving the full width at half maximum of a magnetic entropy variation curve of a LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) and (3) heat treatment: carrying out high-temperature heat treatment on the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material at the temperature of 1000-1300 ℃, wherein the heat treatment time is 1-24 hours;
b) furnace cooling: after the heat treatment is finished, the heating is closed, and the furnace is cooled for 0 to 60 minutes;
c) air cooling: taking out the heating body in the furnace after furnace cooling is finished, and performing air cooling treatment on the furnace body and the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material in the furnace body by adopting a fan or a blower to cool the furnace body and the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material to room temperature within 10-300 minutes;
d) charging hydrogen: and crushing the cooled LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material to particles with the particle size smaller than 1mm, and filling hydrogen in a hydrogen atmosphere with the pressure of 0.4-0.6 MPa for 4-6 hours.
Example 6
1. A method for improving the full width at half maximum of a magnetic entropy variation curve of a LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) and (3) heat treatment: carrying out high-temperature heat treatment on the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material at the temperature of 1000-1300 ℃, wherein the heat treatment time is 1-24 hours;
b) furnace cooling: after the heat treatment is finished, the heating is closed, and the furnace is cooled for 0 to 60 minutes;
c) air cooling: taking out the heating body in the furnace after furnace cooling is finished, and performing air cooling treatment on the furnace body and the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material in the furnace body by adopting a fan or a blower to cool the furnace body and the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material to room temperature within 10-300 minutes;
d) charging hydrogen: and crushing the cooled LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material to particles with the particle size smaller than 1mm, and filling hydrogen in a hydrogen atmosphere with the pressure of 0.4-0.6 MPa for 4-6 hours.
La used in examples 1 to 61-xCexFe13-a-b-c-dMnaCrbCocSidThe specific composition of the alloyed magnetic material is shown in the following table.
Figure BDA0001587321780000051
Performance characterization and results:
the hydrogen-charged LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material prepared in the embodiments 1 to 6 is tested for an M-H curve under a 1T magnetic field by using VSM (voltage-driven metal-oxide-semiconductor) and other magnetic performance measurement equipment, the magnetic entropy change under the 1T magnetic field of the material is calculated through a Maxwell relation, and the half-height width of the magnetic entropy change curve at the moment is calculated.
The results of the Curie temperature, the magnetic entropy change and the full width at half maximum of the magnetic entropy change curve of the hydrogen-filled LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material prepared in the above examples 1-6 are shown in the following table.
Curie temperature/K Magnetic entropy change/J.kg-1. K-1 Full width at half maximum/K
Example 1 283 9.2 7.1
Example 2 289 9.8 6.9
Example 3 295 6.1 12
Example 4 287 10.8 6.8
Example 5 295 6.8 8
Example 6 291 10 8
According to the performance characterization results, the full width at half maximum of a magnetic entropy change curve of the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material treated by the method disclosed by the invention is increased to 7K or more, the effect is most obvious to reach 12K, and compared with the full width at half maximum of a magnetic entropy change curve of about 5K of the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material in the prior art, the full width at half maximum is greatly increased by at least 40%, and meanwhile, the magnetic entropy change is close to that in the prior art; therefore, the processing method can improve the full width at half maximum of the magnetic refrigeration material on the premise of keeping large magnetic entropy change.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. A method for improving the full width at half maximum of a magnetic entropy variation curve of a LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) and (3) heat treatment: carrying out high-temperature heat treatment on the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material at the temperature of 1000-1300 ℃, wherein the heat treatment time is 1-24 hours;
b) furnace cooling: after the heat treatment is finished, the heating is closed, the furnace is cooled for 0 to 60 minutes in the furnace, and the cooling time in the furnace is more than 0 minute;
c) air cooling: taking out the heating body in the furnace after furnace cooling is finished, and air cooling the furnace body and the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material in the furnace body to cool the furnace body and the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material to room temperature within 10-300 minutes;
the LaFeSi alloy magnetic material comprises La1-xCexFe13-a-b-c-dMnaCrbCocSid，
The La1-xCexFe13-a-b-c-dMnaCrbCocSidIn which x is in the range of 0<x is less than or equal to 0.5, d is within the range of 1.0 to 1.5; a is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.5, b is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.5, c is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.5, and a + b + c is more than or equal to 0.003 and less than or equal to 0.5.
2. The method for improving the full width at half maximum of the magnetic entropy variation curve of the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising the following steps:
d) charging hydrogen: and crushing the cooled LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material, and charging hydrogen in a hydrogen atmosphere with the pressure of 0.5MPa for 5 hours.
3. The method for improving the full width at half maximum of the magnetic entropy variation curve of the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
and c, performing air cooling treatment in the step c by adopting a fan or a blower.
4. The method for improving the full width at half maximum of the magnetic entropy variation curve of the LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
and d, crushing the cooled LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material to particles with the particle size smaller than 1 mm.
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