CN106270425A - A kind of magnetic refrigerating material mass production preparation method - Google Patents

A kind of magnetic refrigerating material mass production preparation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106270425A
CN106270425A CN201610656053.8A CN201610656053A CN106270425A CN 106270425 A CN106270425 A CN 106270425A CN 201610656053 A CN201610656053 A CN 201610656053A CN 106270425 A CN106270425 A CN 106270425A
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magnetic refrigerating
rapid hardening
refrigerating material
thin band
alloy thin
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CN106270425B (en
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孙永阳
王占洲
章晓峰
洪群峰
郝忠彬
韩相华
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Hengdian Group DMEGC Magnetics Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/08Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/14Solid materials, e.g. powdery or granular
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/005Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of magnetic refrigerating material mass production preparation method, comprise the following steps: (1) is by 11~13%La, 5~6%Ce, 1~2%Mn, 4.5~5.5%Si, surplus is that the weight/mass percentage composition proportioning of Fe carries out dispensing, obtains LaCeFeMnSi alloy;(2) being placed in vacuum induction rapid hardening furnace after melting by LaCeFeMnSi alloy, cooled roller speed casts rapid hardening alloy thin band;(3) the rapid hardening alloy thin band after cooling is placed in vacuum tube furnace, is evacuated to 1 × 10‑4~1 × 10‑2Pa post-heating is to 1000~1200 DEG C of heat treatments 2~4h;(4) calandria is directly released stopping heating, vacuum tube is carried out air-cooled to room temperature, the rapid hardening alloy thin band in step (3) is flushed with hydrogen process, must have NaZn13Type structure, Curie temperature is the magnetic refrigerating material of 10~20 DEG C.Present invention process step is simple, easily implements, low cost, and efficiency is high, and yield is big, easily promotes.

Description

A kind of magnetic refrigerating material mass production preparation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of a kind of magnetic refrigerating material, especially relate to a kind of magnetic refrigerating material mass production and prepare Method.
Background technology
Along with increasingly sharpening of environmental pollution especially greenhouse effect, haze day by day serious, there is a growing awareness that The importance of environmental protection, the people that the most increasingly allow of energy resource consumption have felt the danger of lack of energy.And refrigeration industry Energy resource consumption accounts for 15%~about 20% that society's total energy consumes, and its refrigeration working medium produced pollution thing causes temperature Room effect.Traditional compressor cooling not only efficiency is low, and noise is big, and seriously polluted.
Magnetic Refrigeration Technique then has environmental protection, energy-efficient, noise is low etc. a little, is the solid-state system having very much application prospect Cold mode, alternative compressor cooling.At present conventional magnetic refrigerating material mainly have LaFeSi system alloy, Gd system alloy, MnFePAs system alloys etc., wherein LaFeSi system alloy becomes because of features such as its with low cost, nontoxic, easy preparations most has application The magnetic refrigerating material of prospect.2006, LaFeSi system magnetic refrigerating material was used for magnetic system by American National Astrotech Facility first In cold, result shows that its performance is better than tradition magnetic refrigerating material Gd.
Although LaFeSi system magnetic refrigerating material self-discovery has played the research progress of more than ten years, but to its preparation side One of research emphasis of the research of method always people.Patent of invention CN1140646C passes through vacuum arc furnace melting ingot casting, and Obtain quenching in liquid nitrogen of annealing at alloy cast ingot again 900~1100 DEG C after a couple of days having the rare earth due to metal gadolinium performance- Iron-based (Rx(Fe1-yMy)100-x) compound.Patent of invention CN1236096C substitutes system by rare earth element and transition element For La1-xRx(Fe1-yMy)13-zSizCαMagnetic refrigerating material, and use quick quenching furnace preparation to shorten heat treatment work for high C alloy Skill.Patent of invention CN 101554993 B regulates the Curie temperature of magnetic refrigerating material near room temperature by the method for hydrogenation.Send out Bright patent CN101157484A is same by ingot casting (1200~1400 DEG C) at very high temperatures carries out high temperature, short time heat treatment Sample obtains the LaFeSi system magnetic refrigerating material with magnetothermal effect.
Although said method can prepare LaFeSi system magnetic refrigerating material, but its preparation method is usually electric arc melting After little ingot casting is carried out vacuum sealing tube after in high temperature long heat treatment and then be quenched in frozen water or liquid nitrogen, it is thus achieved that have NaZn13The material of phase, its material purity is high, heat treatment time length just determines its cost height, efficiency is low, and in quenching process The easy fragmentation of vacuum tube, yield rate is low.
And one of maximum factor restricting its commercial applications is in addition to cost height, its small scale is also important former Cause.Due to the restriction of arc-melting furnace itself, the preparation of its sample only has several grams to tens of grams.Patent of invention CN 103540835 A By electromagnetic induction melting alloy cast ingot, it is thus achieved that the magnetic refrigerating material of feather weight, scale has the lifting of matter, to magnetic system The commercialization of cold material has stepped again an important step.
Patent of invention WO2004/03805A1 and CN100567543C obtain thin ribbon shaped sample by fast melt-quenching with chilling method Product, substantially reduce heat treatment time, improve efficiency.
In order to realize the commercialization of magnetic refrigerating material, cost is high, it is little to measure, heat treatment time length, efficiency are low etc. is all needed badly The problem solved.And be quenched in liquid nitrogen or frozen water prepared by magnetic refrigeration material for mass production after high temperature long heat treatment Material comes very difficult.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is that cost existing for the magnetic refrigerating material preparation method of prior art is high, measure place little, hot in order to solve Reason time length, inefficient problem, it is provided that a kind of processing step is simple, easily implements, low cost, and efficiency is high, and yield is big, easily pushes away Wide magnetic refrigerating material mass production preparation method.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of magnetic refrigerating material mass production preparation method of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) by 11~13%La, 5~6%Ce, 1~2%Mn, 4.5~5.5%Si, surplus is the weight/mass percentage composition of Fe Proportioning carries out dispensing, obtains LaCeFeMnSi alloy.
(2) being placed in vacuum induction rapid hardening furnace after melting by LaCeFeMnSi alloy, cooled roller speed casts rapid hardening alloy Strip.
(3) the rapid hardening alloy thin band after cooling is placed in vacuum tube furnace, is evacuated to 1 × 10-4~1 × 10-2Add after Pa Heat is to 1000~1200 DEG C of heat treatments 2~4h.The present invention substantially reduces heat treatment time, improves production efficiency.
(4) calandria is directly released stopping heating, vacuum tube is carried out air-cooled to room temperature, to the speed in step (3) Solidifying alloy thin band carries out being flushed with hydrogen process, must have NaZn13Type structure, Curie temperature is the magnetic refrigerating material of-10~20 DEG C.Heat Do not use the form of frozen water or Quenching in liquid nitrogen after process, but directly calandria is released, stop heating, vacuum tube is entered Sector-style is cold, is ensureing acquisition NaZn13While type structure, decrease the possibility that product fragmentation is waste product.
In the present invention, raw metal directly uses industrial pure material, and raw material is easy to get and low cost, by rapid casting technology And Technology for Heating Processing i.e. can be mass magnetic refrigerating material, possess the features such as energy-efficient, low cost, mass production.
As preferably, in step (2), chill roll roller speed is 40~50m/s, and rate of cooling is 103~104℃/s.In rapid hardening In strip technology, there is bigger difference in different roller speed and its microscopic structure of rate of cooling, causes poor performance alienation notable, because of This, in rapid casting technique, it is important to appropriate design roller speed and rate of cooling thus with obtain desired properties rapid casting.
As preferably, in step (2), the thickness of rapid hardening alloy thin band is 0.2~0.4mm.
As preferably, in vacuum tube furnace, the addition of rapid hardening alloy thin band controls 1~5Kg.
Therefore, the invention have the advantages that:
(1) in the present invention, raw metal directly uses industrial pure material, and raw material is easy to get and low cost, by rapid casting skill Art and Technology for Heating Processing i.e. can be mass magnetic refrigerating material, have processing step simple, easily implement, low cost, and efficiency is high, produce The features such as amount is big, easy popularization, the Curie temperature of product is-10~20 DEG C;
(2) do not use the form of frozen water or Quenching in liquid nitrogen after heat treatment, but directly calandria is released, stop adding Heat, carries out air-cooled to vacuum tube, is ensureing acquisition NaZn13While type structure, decrease the possibility that product fragmentation is waste product.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the XRD test result that embodiment 1 prepares magnetic refrigerating material.
Fig. 2 is the M-H curve that embodiment 1 prepares magnetic refrigerating material.
Fig. 3 is that embodiment 1 prepares-△ S-T curve.
Fig. 4 is the XRD test result that embodiment 2 prepares magnetic refrigerating material.
Fig. 5 is the M-H curve that embodiment 2 prepares magnetic refrigerating material.
Fig. 6 is that embodiment 2 prepares-△ S-T curve.
Fig. 7 is the XRD test result that embodiment 3 prepares magnetic refrigerating material.
Fig. 8 is the M-H curve that embodiment 3 prepares magnetic refrigerating material.
Fig. 9 is that embodiment 3 prepares-△ S-T curve.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described with detailed description of the invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1
(1) pressing 11%La, 5%Ce, 1%Mn, 4.5%Si, surplus is that the weight/mass percentage composition proportioning of Fe carries out dispensing, LaCeFeMnSi alloy;
(2) being placed in vacuum induction rapid hardening furnace after melting by LaCeFeMnSi alloy, cooled roller speed is cast thickness and is The rapid hardening alloy thin band of 0.2mm, chill roll roller speed is 40m/s, and rate of cooling is 103℃/s;
(3) the rapid hardening alloy thin band after cooling is placed in vacuum tube furnace, addition 1Kg of rapid hardening alloy thin band, takes out true Empty to 1 × 10-4Pa post-heating is to 1000 DEG C of heat treatment 4h;
(4) calandria is directly released stopping heating, vacuum tube is carried out air-cooled to room temperature, to the speed in step (3) Solidifying alloy thin band carries out being flushed with hydrogen process, must have NaZn13Type structure, Curie temperature is the magnetic refrigerating material of 16 DEG C.
The magnetic refrigerating material obtained is carried out XRD test, and test result is as shown in Figure 1.
Using the magnetism testing equipment SQUID magnetic refrigerating material to obtaining to carry out magnetism testing, gained M-H curve is such as Shown in Fig. 2, according to Maxwell equation and M-H curve computable sample-△ S-T curve as shown in Figure 3.
According to institute's result of calculation, the Curie temperature of sample is 16 DEG C, and sample maximum magnetic entropy variable under 1T is 5.9J·kg-1·K-1, under 2T, maximum magnetic entropy variable is 9.5J kg-1·K-1
Embodiment 2
(1) pressing 12.46%La, 5.44%Ce, 1.45%Mn, 5.04%Si, surplus is the weight/mass percentage composition proportioning of Fe Carry out dispensing, obtain LaCeFeMnSi alloy;
(2) being placed in vacuum induction rapid hardening furnace after melting by LaCeFeMnSi alloy, cooled roller speed is cast thickness and is The rapid hardening alloy thin band of 0.3mm, chill roll roller speed is 45m/s, and rate of cooling is 5*103℃/s;
(3) the rapid hardening alloy thin band after cooling is placed in vacuum tube furnace, addition 3Kg of rapid hardening alloy thin band, takes out true Empty to 1 × 10-3Pa post-heating is to 1100 DEG C of heat treatment 3h;
(4) calandria is directly released stopping heating, vacuum tube is carried out air-cooled to room temperature, to the speed in step (3) Solidifying alloy thin band carries out being flushed with hydrogen process, must have NaZn13Type structure, Curie temperature is the magnetic refrigerating material of 10 DEG C.
The magnetic refrigerating material obtained is carried out XRD test, and test result is as shown in Figure 4.
Using the magnetism testing equipment SQUID magnetic refrigerating material to obtaining to carry out magnetism testing, gained M-H curve is such as Shown in Fig. 5, according to Maxwell equation and M-H curve computable sample-△ S-T curve as shown in Figure 6.According to being calculated knot Fruit understands, and the Curie temperature of sample is 10 DEG C, and sample maximum magnetic entropy variable under 1T is 9.3J kg-1·K-1, maximum magnetic flux under 2T Entropy Changes is 13.4J kg-1·K-1
Embodiment 3
(1) pressing 13%La, 6%Ce, 2%Mn, 5.5%Si, surplus is that the weight/mass percentage composition proportioning of Fe carries out dispensing, LaCeFeMnSi alloy;
(2) being placed in vacuum induction rapid hardening furnace after melting by LaCeFeMnSi alloy, cooled roller speed is cast thickness and is The rapid hardening alloy thin band of 0.4mm, chill roll roller speed is 50m/s, and rate of cooling is 104℃/s;
(3) the rapid hardening alloy thin band after cooling is placed in vacuum tube furnace, addition 5Kg of rapid hardening alloy thin band, takes out true Empty to 1 × 10-2Pa post-heating is to 1200 DEG C of heat treatment 4h;
(4) calandria is directly released stopping heating, vacuum tube is carried out air-cooled to room temperature, to the speed in step (3) Solidifying alloy thin band carries out being flushed with hydrogen process, must have NaZn13Type structure, Curie temperature is the magnetic refrigerating material of-10 DEG C.
The magnetic refrigerating material obtained is carried out XRD test, and test result is as shown in Figure 7.
Using the magnetism testing equipment SQUID magnetic refrigerating material to obtaining to carry out magnetism testing, gained M-H curve is such as Shown in Fig. 8, according to Maxwell equation and M-H curve computable sample-△ S-T curve as shown in Figure 9.According to being calculated knot Fruit understands, and the Curie temperature of sample is-10 DEG C, and sample maximum magnetic entropy variable under 1T is 5.2J kg-1·K-1, maximum under 2T Magnetic entropy becomes 9.2J kg-1·K-1
Embodiment described above is the one preferably scheme of the present invention, not makees the present invention any pro forma Limit, on the premise of without departing from the technical scheme described in claim, also have other variant and remodeling.

Claims (4)

1. a magnetic refrigerating material mass production preparation method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) by 11~13%La, 5~6%Ce, 1~2%Mn, 4.5~5.5%Si, surplus is the weight/mass percentage composition proportioning of Fe Carry out dispensing, obtain LaCeFeMnSi alloy;
(2) being placed in vacuum induction rapid hardening furnace after melting by LaCeFeMnSi alloy, cooled roller speed casts rapid hardening alloy thin band;
(3) the rapid hardening alloy thin band after cooling is placed in vacuum tube furnace, is evacuated to 1 × 10-4~1 × 10-2Pa post-heating is extremely 1000~1200 DEG C of heat treatments 2~4h;
(4) calandria is directly released stopping heating, vacuum tube is carried out air-cooled to room temperature, the rapid hardening in step (3) is closed Gold strip carries out being flushed with hydrogen process, must have NaZn13Type structure, Curie temperature is the magnetic refrigerating material of-10~20 DEG C.
A kind of magnetic refrigerating material mass production preparation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (2), cold But roller roller speed is 40~50m/s, and rate of cooling is 103~104℃/s。
A kind of magnetic refrigerating material mass production preparation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (2), speed The thickness of solidifying alloy thin band is 0.2~0.4mm.
A kind of magnetic refrigerating material mass production preparation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in vacuum tube furnace The addition of rapid hardening alloy thin band controls 1~5Kg.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108467928A (en) * 2018-03-02 2018-08-31 横店集团东磁股份有限公司 A method of improving LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material magnetic entropy varied curve halfwidths
CN109023145A (en) * 2018-08-08 2018-12-18 横店集团东磁股份有限公司 A kind of the Curie temperature regulation method and preparation method of LaFeSi base magnetic refrigerating material

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JPS61248401A (en) * 1985-04-25 1986-11-05 Mitsubishi Steel Mfg Co Ltd Heat treatment of magnetic material
CN1837393A (en) * 2005-03-24 2006-09-27 株式会社东芝 Magnetic refrigeration material and method of manufacturing thereof
CN101368243A (en) * 2008-09-24 2009-02-18 上海大学 Production method for magnetic refrigeration working medium material Y2Fe17 at room temperature
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CN101906563A (en) * 2010-08-31 2010-12-08 沈阳理工大学 Preparation method of MnAsP compound with efficient room temperature magnetic refrigeration performance
CN105314598A (en) * 2015-11-24 2016-02-10 沈阳理工大学 A high-pressure synthesis method for flaky La (Fe, si)13-based hydride bulk material with high-efficiency room-temperature magnetic refrigeration performance

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CN101368243A (en) * 2008-09-24 2009-02-18 上海大学 Production method for magnetic refrigeration working medium material Y2Fe17 at room temperature
CN101554993A (en) * 2009-05-19 2009-10-14 北京科技大学 Method for preparing large magnetic entropy material hydride with main phase of NaZn13 type structure
CN101906563A (en) * 2010-08-31 2010-12-08 沈阳理工大学 Preparation method of MnAsP compound with efficient room temperature magnetic refrigeration performance
CN105314598A (en) * 2015-11-24 2016-02-10 沈阳理工大学 A high-pressure synthesis method for flaky La (Fe, si)13-based hydride bulk material with high-efficiency room-temperature magnetic refrigeration performance

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108467928A (en) * 2018-03-02 2018-08-31 横店集团东磁股份有限公司 A method of improving LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material magnetic entropy varied curve halfwidths
CN108467928B (en) * 2018-03-02 2020-01-10 横店集团东磁股份有限公司 Method for improving half-height width of magnetic entropy variation curve of LaFeSi alloy magnetic refrigeration material
CN109023145A (en) * 2018-08-08 2018-12-18 横店集团东磁股份有限公司 A kind of the Curie temperature regulation method and preparation method of LaFeSi base magnetic refrigerating material

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