CN108467761B

CN108467761B - Engine oil for compressor and compressor with engine oil

Info

Publication number: CN108467761B
Application number: CN201810383039.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 龙春仙
Original assignee: Guangdong Meizhi Compressor Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Meizhi Compressor Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-04-26
Filing date: 2018-04-26
Publication date: 2021-04-06
Anticipated expiration: 2038-04-26
Also published as: CN108467761A

Abstract

The invention discloses engine oil for a compressor and the compressor with the same, wherein the engine oil for the compressor comprises: the polyol comprises a first polyol ester and a second polyol ester, wherein the first polyol ester is synthesized by pentaerythritol and polyhydric fatty acid with 6-12 carbon atoms, the second polyol ester is synthesized by at least one of neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane and dipentaerythritol and oleic acid, the mass ratio of the first polyol ester to the second polyol ester is w, and the following conditions are met: 5/95 is not less than w is not less than 95/5. According to the engine oil for the compressor, the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester are mixed according to a certain proportion, so that the solubility between the engine oil for the compressor and the refrigerant is low, the lubricating property is good, and therefore, sufficient cooling can be realized even when the amount of the refrigerant is low.

Description

Engine oil for compressor and compressor with engine oil

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of manufacturing of engine oil of compressors, and particularly relates to engine oil for a compressor and a compressor with the engine oil.

Background

At present, most domestic household air conditioners adopt hydrofluorocarbons R410A and R32 as refrigerants, and lubricating oil matched with the refrigerants is polyol ester or polyvinyl ether. However, the compatibility of polyol ester and polyvinyl ether with refrigerants is high at present, and in order to ensure that moving parts in a compressor are lubricated by lubricating oil with sufficient viscosity, the viscosity grades of polyol ester and polyvinyl ether need to be improved, so that the cost is increased. Moreover, the lubricating oil has too high compatibility with the refrigerant, and the refrigerant is wasted because more refrigerant is filled in order to meet the performance requirement of the air conditioning system.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides the oil for the compressor and the compressor with the oil, wherein the oil has low solubility with the refrigerant, and the system performance and the reliability of the compressor are relatively stable under the condition of less refrigerant sealing amount.

The oil for a compressor according to the first aspect of the present invention includes: the first polyol ester is synthesized from pentaerythritol and C6-C12 polybasic fatty acid; a second polyol ester synthesized from oleic acid and at least one polyol of neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane and dipentaerythritol; the mass ratio of the first polyol ester to the second polyol ester is w, and satisfies the following conditions: 5/95 is not less than w is not less than 95/5.

According to the engine oil for the compressor, the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester are mixed according to a certain proportion, so that the solubility between the engine oil for the compressor and the refrigerant is low, the lubricating property is good, and therefore, sufficient cooling can be realized even when the amount of the refrigerant is low.

In some embodiments, the oil for a compressor further comprises: at least one of an extreme pressure antiwear agent, an antioxidant, an acid trapping agent and a metal deactivator.

In some embodiments, the oil for a compressor further comprises: the extreme pressure antiwear agent, the quality of extreme pressure antiwear agent is b, the mass sum of first polyol ester with the second polyol ester is a, satisfies: b/a is more than or equal to 0.05 percent and less than or equal to 10 percent.

In some embodiments, the extreme pressure antiwear agent has a mass b, and the sum of the masses of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester is a such that: b/a is more than or equal to 0.1% and less than or equal to 5.0%.

In some embodiments, the extreme pressure antiwear agent has a mass b, and the sum of the masses of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester is a such that: b/a is more than or equal to 0.5 percent and less than or equal to 3.0 percent.

In some embodiments, the oil for a compressor further comprises: the antioxidant is a phenol antioxidant, the mass of the antioxidant is c, and the sum of the masses of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester is a, so that the following requirements are met: c/a is more than or equal to 0.01 percent and less than or equal to 3 percent.

In some embodiments, the antioxidant has a mass c, and the sum of the masses of the first and second polyol esters, a, satisfies: c/a is more than or equal to 0.05 percent and less than or equal to 1.5 percent.

In some embodiments, the oil for a compressor further comprises: the antioxidant is an amine antioxidant, the mass of the antioxidant is c, and the sum of the masses of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester is a, so that the following requirements are met: c/a is more than or equal to 0.01 percent and less than or equal to 2 percent.

In some embodiments, the antioxidant has a mass c, and the sum of the masses of the first and second polyol esters is a, such that: c/a is more than or equal to 0.05 percent and less than or equal to 1.0 percent.

In some embodiments, the oil for a compressor further comprises: the mass of the acid trapping agent is d, and the sum of the masses of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester is a, so that the acid trapping agent satisfies the following conditions: d/a is more than or equal to 0.01 percent and less than or equal to 2.0 percent.

In some embodiments, the mass of the acid scavenger is d and the sum of the masses of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester is a, such that: d/a is more than or equal to 0.02 percent and less than or equal to 1.0 percent.

In some embodiments, the oil for a compressor further comprises: a metal deactivator having a mass e, the sum of the masses of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester being a, satisfying: e/a is more than or equal to 0.0001 percent and less than or equal to 0.01 percent.

A compressor according to a second aspect of the present invention comprises: a housing in which the engine oil according to the first aspect of the present invention is provided; a compression mechanism mounted within the housing.

The compressor according to the invention uses the oil according to the invention, thereby the compressor has stable system performance and reliability under the condition of less refrigerant sealing amount.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cycle diagram of a refrigeration unit according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the compatibility of a mixture of an oil and a refrigerant according to the present invention.

Reference numerals:

a compressor 100;

a housing 1; a compression mechanism 2; 3, engine oil; a condenser 4; an expansion valve 5; an evaporator 6.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

An oil 3 for a compressor and a compressor 100 having the same according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 3.

In the compressor 100, it is necessary to lubricate the oil 3 for making the moving parts in the compressor 100 have sufficient viscosity, and to fill the refrigerant for cooling, that is, a mixture of the oil 3 and the refrigerant, so that the compressor 100 can operate normally. The oil 3 for the compressor may be a refrigerating machine oil 3.

The oil 3 for a compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the polyol comprises a first polyol ester and a second polyol ester, wherein the first polyol ester is synthesized by pentaerythritol and polyhydric fatty acid with 6-12 carbon atoms, and the second polyol ester is synthesized by at least one of neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane and dipentaerythritol and oleic acid. In some specific examples, the first polyol may be a polyol ester synthesized from pentaerythritol and a fatty acid having a carbon number of 8 and/or a fatty acid having a carbon number of 9, and the second polyol ester may be a polyol ester synthesized from at least one of neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane, and dipentaerythritol, and oleic acid.

The mass ratio of the first polyol ester to the second polyol ester is w, and the following conditions are met: 5/95 is not less than w is not less than 95/5. For example, the mass ratio w of the first polyol ester to the second polyol ester is 27/73, or w is 53/47, or w is 82/18.

For example, the refrigerant is a mixed refrigerant of difluoromethane and pentafluoromethane, the liquid mixture of the first polyol ester and the refrigerant is completely mutually soluble at 15-30 ℃, and when the oil content (weight ratio) of the liquid mixture of the second polyol ester and the refrigerant is 3-70%, the two layers of the liquid mixture are separated at the temperature below 70 ℃.

For example, the refrigerant is a mixed refrigerant of difluoromethane, difluoromethane and pentafluoromethane, when the oil content (weight ratio) of a liquid mixture formed by the engine oil 3 and the refrigerant is 3-40%, the liquid mixture is subjected to two-layer separation at the temperature below 70 ℃; when the oil content (weight ratio) of the liquid mixture of the engine oil 3 and the refrigerant is 60% or more, the liquid mixture is compatible at 20 ℃ to 40 ℃.

FIG. 3 is a test conducted in accordance with the industry Standard "SH-T0699 test for compatibility of refrigerator oil 3 with refrigerants". The liquid mixture of the refrigerator oil 3 and the refrigerant measured by the method is in a hatched area of fig. 3, namely when the oil content (weight ratio) of the liquid mixture formed by the refrigerator oil 3 and the refrigerant is 3-40%, the mixture is separated into two layers at the temperature of below 60 ℃, and the separated two layers respectively have different solubilities, wherein the layer containing more liquid refrigerant is a refrigerant-rich layer, and the layer containing more refrigerator oil 3 is an oil-rich layer.

Here, the liquid mixture of the oil 3 and the refrigerant is mainly generated in the compressor 100 when the oil content (weight ratio) is 70% or more, and in order to ensure sufficient lubrication of the compression mechanism 2 of the compressor 100, the refrigerating machine oil 3 and the refrigerant should be compatible with each other so that the oil 3 can sufficiently lubricate the compression mechanism 2. If the delamination occurs in this region, the refrigerant-rich layer that lubricates the compression mechanism 2 may not lubricate the compression mechanism 2 sufficiently because the viscosity of the refrigerant-rich layer is too low, which may cause a problem in the reliability of the compressor 100. Therefore, when the oil content (weight ratio) of the liquid mixture of the engine oil 3 and the refrigerant is 60% or more, the liquid mixture is required to be compatible at 20 ℃ to 40 ℃.

Because the oil 3 of the present invention has a lower solubility with the refrigerant, the capacity required by the refrigeration device can be achieved in the system with less refrigerant.

According to the invention, through the research on the performance of the refrigeration equipment, the engine oil 3 formed by mixing the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester according to the proportion has low solubility and enough viscosity, and under the condition that the viscosity of the engine oil 3 is reduced, even if a small amount of refrigerant is sealed in the refrigeration equipment, the refrigeration equipment has a higher energy efficiency ratio, which is shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

The kinematic viscosity of the refrigerator oil 3 is below 68mm2/s at 40 ℃, and the optimal kinematic viscosity is 32mm 2/s-56 mm2/s, because the lowest operating temperature range of the compressor 100 can reach-20 ℃, in order to avoid the viscosity of oil at low temperature being too high due to low refrigerant solubility, the viscosity index of the oil is required to be above 95.

The engine oil 3 formed by mixing the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester of the above composition has a lower solubility with the refrigerant, and thus can achieve the required refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating apparatus with less refrigerant in the compressor 100.

According to the engine oil 3 for a compressor of the embodiment of the present invention, the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester are mixed in a certain ratio to provide low solubility between the engine oil 3 for a compressor and a refrigerant and good lubricity, thereby achieving sufficient cooling even when the amount of the refrigerant used is low.

In some embodiments, the oil 3 for a compressor further comprises: at least one of an extreme pressure antiwear agent, an antioxidant, an acid scavenger, and a metal deactivator is added to the engine oil 3 for a compressor, so that the engine oil 3 for a compressor can have better performance.

In some embodiments, the engine oil 3 for the compressor further includes an extreme pressure anti-wear agent, and the addition of the extreme pressure anti-wear agent to the engine oil 3 can improve the lubricating ability of the engine oil 3 under heavy load, reduce the friction coefficient between moving parts, improve the anti-wear ability of the parts, reduce the wear of the parts, and improve the design life of the compressor 100, and the extreme pressure anti-wear agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of alkyl polyoxyalkylene phosphates represented by formula c or formula d, wherein formula c and formula d are as follows:

wherein R4 is an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and R5 is H or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

When the extreme pressure anti-wear agent is the above components, the mass of the extreme pressure anti-wear agent is b, and the sum of the masses of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester is a, so that the following conditions are met: the b/a is more than or equal to 0.05 percent and less than or equal to 10 percent, and the engine oil 3 has better extreme pressure anti-wear property according to the mass ratio.

In other embodiments, the extreme pressure antiwear agent may also be a phosphorus-containing compound, specifically, the extreme pressure antiwear agent may be one or more of phosphate ester, phosphate amine salt, phosphite ester, and the like.

When the extreme pressure antiwear agent is a phosphorus-containing compound, the mass of the extreme pressure antiwear agent is b, and the sum of the mass of the first polyol ester and the mass of the second polyol ester is a, so that the sum of the mass of the first polyol ester and the mass of the second polyol ester satisfies the following conditions: b/a is more than or equal to 0.1 percent and less than or equal to 5.0 percent, and when the proportion of the mass b of the extreme pressure anti-wear agent and the mass sum of the mass a of the first polyol ester and the mass sum of the mass a of the second polyol ester meet the condition, the engine oil 3 can have extreme pressure anti-wear characteristics.

Preferably, the mass of the extreme pressure antiwear agent is b, and the sum of the masses of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester is a, so that: b/a is more than or equal to 0.5 percent and less than or equal to 3.0 percent, and when the proportion of the mass of the extreme pressure anti-wear agent b and the mass sum of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester a meets the condition, the engine oil 3 can have better extreme pressure anti-wear property.

In some embodiments, the oil 3 for a compressor further comprises: the antioxidant is added into the machine oil 3, so that the high-temperature stability of the refrigerating machine oil 3 can be improved, the deterioration is not easy, the antioxidant can be a phenol antioxidant, optionally, the phenol antioxidant can be one of 2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol, 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-phenol, 4' -methylenebis (2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol) and the like, the mass of the antioxidant is c, and the sum of the masses of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester is a, so that the following requirements are met: c/a is more than or equal to 0.01 percent and less than or equal to 3 percent.

The engine oil 3 can be made to have antioxidant properties when the ratio of the mass c of the antioxidant to the mass sum a of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester satisfies this condition.

Preferably, the mass of the antioxidant is c, and the sum of the masses of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester is a, so that: c/a is more than or equal to 0.05 percent and less than or equal to 1.5 percent.

When the ratio of the mass c of the antioxidant to the mass sum a of the mass of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester satisfies this condition, the engine oil 3 can be provided with better antioxidant properties.

In other embodiments, the oil 3 for a compressor further comprises: the antioxidant is amine antioxidant, the amine antioxidant can be one selected from dioctyl diphenylamine, dinonyl diphenylamine, butyl, octyl diphenylamine, N' -di-sec-butyl p-phenylenediamine and phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine, the mass of the antioxidant is c, and the sum of the masses of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester is a, so that the following requirements are met: c/a is more than or equal to 0.01 percent and less than or equal to 2 percent.

In some embodiments, the mass of the antioxidant is c, and the sum of the masses of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester is a, such that: c/a is more than or equal to 0.05 percent and less than or equal to 1.0 percent.

In still other embodiments, the antioxidant may be a mixture of the above phenolic antioxidant and the above amine antioxidant.

In some embodiments, the oil 3 for a compressor further comprises: the acid trapping agent is added into the engine oil 3 to prevent the oil from being acidified and prevent the oil from being plated with copper, optionally, the acid trapping agent can be a compound with an epoxy ring or a carbodiimide compound, the mass of the acid trapping agent is d, and the sum of the masses of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester is a, so that the following conditions are met: d/a is more than or equal to 0.01 percent and less than or equal to 2.0 percent.

When the mass of the acid scavenger d and the sum of the masses of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester a satisfy the above-mentioned condition, the engine oil 3 can be made to have the property of reducing the acid value.

Preferably, the mass of the acid trapping agent is d, and the sum of the masses of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester is a, so that: d/a is more than or equal to 0.02 percent and less than or equal to 1.0 percent.

When the mass d of the acid scavenger and the sum of the masses a of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester satisfy the above-mentioned condition, the engine oil 3 can be provided with a better acid value-reducing characteristic.

In some embodiments, the oil 3 for a compressor further comprises: the metal deactivator can be a benzotriazole derivative and a thiadiazole derivative, the mass of the metal deactivator is e, and the sum of the masses of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester is a, so that: e/a is more than or equal to 0.0001 percent and less than or equal to 0.01 percent.

When the ratio of the mass of the metal deactivator e to the sum of the masses of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester a satisfies the above-mentioned condition, the engine oil 3 can be made to have metal deactivation characteristics.

Preferably, the mass of the metal deactivator is e, the sum of the masses of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester is a, and e/a is 0.005%.

When the ratio of the mass e of the metal deactivator to the sum of the masses a of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester satisfies the above-mentioned condition, the engine oil 3 can be provided with a good metal deactivation property.

The compressor 100 according to the second aspect of the present invention includes: a casing 1 and a compression mechanism 2, the casing 1 being filled with oil 3 according to a first aspect of the present invention, the compression mechanism 2 being installed in the casing 1.

In some embodiments, a motor is housed in the casing 1, the motor is used for driving the compression mechanism 2, the compression mechanism 2 is used for compressing the refrigerant, and the oil 3 in the casing 1 is used for lubricating the components in the compression mechanism 2.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the compressor 100 may further include a condenser 4, an expansion valve 5, and an evaporator 6, the compressor 100 compresses a refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas and discharges the gas into the condenser 4, the condenser 4 condenses the refrigerant by exchanging heat with a heat exchange object, the condensed refrigerant is decompressed by the expansion valve 5 and then enters the evaporator 6, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the heat exchange object in the evaporator 6 to be evaporated into a gas, and finally, the gas is sucked into the compressor 100 to complete one cycle.

The compressor 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention uses the oil 3 according to the present invention, so that the compressor 100 is relatively stable in both the performance of the system and the reliability of the compressor 100 with a small amount of refrigerant sealed therein.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An oil for a compressor, comprising:

the first polyol ester is synthesized from pentaerythritol and C6-C12 polybasic fatty acid;

a second polyol ester synthesized from oleic acid and at least one polyol of neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane and dipentaerythritol;

the mass ratio of the first polyol ester to the second polyol ester is w, and satisfies the following conditions: 5/95 is not less than w is not less than 95/5.

2. The oil for a compressor of claim 1, further comprising: at least one of an extreme pressure antiwear agent, an antioxidant, an acid trapping agent and a metal deactivator.

3. The oil for a compressor of claim 1, comprising: the extreme pressure antiwear agent, the quality of extreme pressure antiwear agent is b, the mass sum of first polyol ester with the second polyol ester is a, satisfies: b/a is more than or equal to 0.05 percent and less than or equal to 10 percent.

4. The oil for a compressor according to claim 3, characterized by satisfying: b/a is more than or equal to 0.1% and less than or equal to 5.0%.

5. The oil for a compressor according to claim 3, characterized by satisfying: b/a is more than or equal to 0.5 percent and less than or equal to 3.0 percent.

6. The oil for a compressor of claim 1, comprising: the antioxidant is a phenol antioxidant, the mass of the antioxidant is c, and the sum of the masses of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester is a, so that the following requirements are met: c/a is more than or equal to 0.01 percent and less than or equal to 3 percent.

7. The oil for a compressor according to claim 6, characterized in that: c/a is more than or equal to 0.05 percent and less than or equal to 1.5 percent.

8. The oil for a compressor of claim 1, comprising: the antioxidant is an amine antioxidant, the mass of the antioxidant is c, and the sum of the masses of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester is a, so that the following requirements are met: c/a is more than or equal to 0.01 percent and less than or equal to 2 percent.

9. The oil for a compressor according to claim 8, characterized by satisfying: c/a is more than or equal to 0.05 percent and less than or equal to 1.0 percent.

10. The oil for a compressor of claim 1, comprising: the mass of the acid trapping agent is d, and the sum of the masses of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester is a, so that the acid trapping agent satisfies the following conditions: d/a is more than or equal to 0.01 percent and less than or equal to 2.0 percent.

11. The oil for a compressor according to claim 10, characterized by satisfying: d/a is more than or equal to 0.02 percent and less than or equal to 1.0 percent.

12. The oil for a compressor of claim 1, comprising: a metal deactivator having a mass e, the sum of the masses of the first polyol ester and the second polyol ester being a, satisfying: e/a is more than or equal to 0.0001 percent and less than or equal to 0.01 percent.

13. A compressor, comprising:

a housing in which the engine oil of any one of claims 1 to 12 is provided;

a compression mechanism mounted within the housing.