CN108464182B

CN108464182B - Method for promoting blooming and fructification of eucalyptus smith seed orchard and increasing germination rate of seeds

Info

Publication number: CN108464182B
Application number: CN201810269967.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒋云东; 周云; 李思广; 景跃波; 谷丽萍; 许林红; 罗娅; 杨斌; 徐德兵; 石忠强
Original assignee: Yunnan Academy of Forestry
Current assignee: Yunnan Academy of Forestry
Priority date: 2018-03-29
Filing date: 2018-03-29
Publication date: 2020-03-27
Anticipated expiration: 2038-03-29
Also published as: CN108464182A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for promoting blooming and fructification of a eucalyptus smith seed garden and improving the germination rate of seeds. The method has the effects of promoting the fructification of the eucalyptus smith and promoting the germination rate of seeds in the fruits, is simple to operate, is practical and convenient, and is suitable for popularization and practicability.

Description

Method for promoting blooming and fructification of eucalyptus smith seed orchard and increasing germination rate of seeds

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of forest breeding, in particular to a method for promoting blooming and fructification of a eucalyptus smithii seed orchard and improving the germination rate of seeds.

Background

The original Australia of Smith Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus smithii R. Baker) is tall and tall arbor, fast-growing tree species, dry shape is straight and round, the tree height can reach 40-45 m, the diameter at breast height can reach 1.0-1.5m, the oil content of Eucalyptus leaves is high, the quality of Eucalyptus oil and wood material are good, and the Eucalyptus smithii is a good tree species for extracting essential oil, papermaking and building materials. Yunnan Kunming was first introduced by Australia in 1986; on the basis of the introduction test, in 1988 and 1989, regional cultivation tests are respectively carried out in Yunan Baoshan, Chuxiong, Maitreya, Wenshan, Yuxi and the like; a Eucalyptus smith family selection test was performed in 1992 on the basis of a provenance test; the family survey forest was transformed into a seedling seed orchard in 1999. During this period, the female forest of Eucalyptus smith is established in Chuxiong and Wenshan. Smith is suitable for being planted in the region with the altitude of 1600-2000 m in Yunnan plateau. The average annual growth rate of the height, chest diameter and volume of the smith eucalyptus is slightly better than that of the eucalyptus globulus and the eucalyptus robusta, the average oil yield of the eucalyptus globulus reaches 1.7-1.9 percent, is 50-70 percent higher than that of the eucalyptus globulus and the eucalyptus robusta, the 1, 8-cineole content of the eucalyptus globulus oil reaches 80-82 percent, and is 10 percent and more than 8 percent higher than that of the eucalyptus globulus and the eucalyptus robusta. The purchase price of the crude oil of the eucalyptus yunnanensis oil is 100 and 120 yuan/kg in 1-2 months in 2018. Therefore, the eucalyptus smith is an excellent tree species suitable for being popularized and planted in subtropical areas of Yunnan province as well as oil materials. However, Smith seeds are most produced in Australia and the price of the seeds is as high as 2-3 ten thousand yuan/kg. The planting area of the Yunnan smith eucalyptus is not large due to the restriction of the seeds. Therefore, a seed garden for the seedling of the eucalyptus smith is established to produce seeds with excellent genetic quality for forestation. Therefore, it is important to promote flowering and fructification, and to improve seed yield and germination rate.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for promoting blooming and fructification of a eucalyptus smithii seed orchard and improving the germination rate of seeds, which has the effects of promoting the fructification of the eucalyptus smithii and promoting the germination rate of the seeds in the fruits.

The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a method for promoting blooming and fructification of a eucalyptus smithii seed orchard and improving seed germination rate is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, from the initial fruit stage to 11 months per year, digging arc-shaped grooves along the tree crown dripping line on two sides of the trunk, wherein the groove depth is 35-45cm, the width is 25-35cm, and the length is 1.5-2.0 m;

s2, fertilizing in the groove, wherein the fertilizing amount is as follows: 8-12kg of organic fertilizer (organic matter is more than or equal to 50%, nitrogen phosphorus potassium is more than or equal to 5%, potassium fulvate is more than or equal to 10%, humic acid is more than or equal to 10%, effective viable bacteria is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g) and 2-4g of paclobutrazol per plant, and then covering soil;

s3, in the next 5 months, digging arc-shaped grooves along the water dripping line pair of the tree crown on the two sides of the trunk, wherein the groove depth is 25-35cm, the width is 25-35cm, and the length is 1.0-1.5 m;

s4, fertilizing in the groove, wherein the fertilizing amount is as follows: 1600 g/strain of urea 1400, 2100 g/strain of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer 1900, 600 g/strain of potassium chloride 400, 25-35 g/strain of borax, 15-25 g/strain of zinc sulfate and 2-4 g/strain of paclobutrazol, and then covering soil;

and S5, managing the Eucalyptus smith forest according to a conventional management mode in the rest time.

In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the method for promoting blooming and fructification of the eucalyptus smith seed orchard and improving the germination rate of the seeds, the organic fertilizer is applied in 11 months as the base fertilizer, so that nutrients are provided for the growth of plants in the spring of the next year, and blooming and fructification are promoted. The nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, boron and zinc fertilizers are applied to the eucalyptus smith in 5 months to promote the growth of plants and improve the fruit setting rate. Scientific and reasonable fertilization can improve the seed yield and the germination rate of the eucalyptus smithii.

Detailed Description

The specific embodiments are only for explaining the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can make modifications without inventive contribution to the present embodiments as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Example 1, a method for promoting flowering and fruiting in a eucalyptus smith seed orchard and increasing seed germination. The method comprises the following steps:

s1, selecting 10 Schmidt eucalyptus smith in the age of 8 years in a seed garden of Schmidt eucalyptus, Micket county, Yunnan province, digging arc-shaped grooves along the left and right sides of a tree crown water dripping line in 11 months every year, wherein the groove depth is 35cm, the width is 25cm, and the length is 1.5 m;

s2, fertilizing in the groove, wherein the fertilizing amount is as follows: 8kg of organic fertilizer (organic matter is more than or equal to 50%, nitrogen phosphorus potassium is more than or equal to 5%, potassium fulvate is more than or equal to 10%, humic acid is more than or equal to 10%, effective viable bacteria is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g) and 2g of paclobutrazol, and then covering soil;

s3, in the next five months, oppositely digging arc-shaped grooves along the dripping line of each tree crown, wherein the groove depth is 25cm, the width is 25cm, and the length is 1.0 m;

s4, fertilizing in the groove, wherein the fertilizing amount is as follows: 1400 g/plant of urea, 1900 g/plant of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 400 g/plant of potassium chloride, 25 g/plant of borax, 15 g/plant of zinc sulfate and 2 g/plant of paclobutrazol, and then covering soil;

In the control group 1, ten same-age smith eucalyptus globulus in the same garden are selected as the control group, and the operation is the same except for different applied fertilizers (the control group is applied with a ternary compound fertilizer containing 15% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium).

Harvesting the seeds of the eucalyptus smith 2 years later, weighing after air drying, and weighing and counting the harvest results of the seeds of different fertilization methods. The statistical data are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

And (3) data analysis: referring to Table 1, in example 1, the method for promoting flowering and fruiting in a Eucalyptus smithii seed orchard and improving germination rate of seeds according to the invention is used, the dry weight of the seeds is increased by 22.62g per plant on average and the fruiting amount is increased by 30.72% compared with the conventional fertilization method.

Example 2, a method of promoting flowering and fruiting in a eucalyptus smith seed orchard and increasing seed germination comprising the steps of:

s1, selecting 10 Smith eucalyptus trees of 8 years old in a Smith eucalyptus seed garden in Fumin county of Yunnan province, and digging arc-shaped grooves along the left and right sides of a tree crown water dripping line in 11 months every year, wherein the groove depth is 35cm, the width is 25cm, and the length is 1.5 m;

s2, fertilizing in the groove, wherein the fertilizing amount is as follows: 10kg of organic fertilizer (organic matter is more than or equal to 50%, nitrogen phosphorus potassium is more than or equal to 5%, potassium fulvate is more than or equal to 10%, humic acid is more than or equal to 10%, effective viable bacteria is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g) and 3g of paclobutrazol, and then covering soil;

s4, fertilizing in the groove, wherein the fertilizing amount is as follows: 1500 g/plant of urea, 2000 g/plant of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 500 g/plant of potassium chloride, 30 g/plant of borax, 20 g/plant of zinc sulfate and 3 g/plant of paclobutrazol, and then covering soil;

In the control group 2, ten same-age smith eucalyptus globulus in the same garden are selected, and the operation is the same except for different applied fertilizers (the control group is applied with a ternary compound fertilizer containing 15% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium).

Harvesting the seeds of the eucalyptus smith 2 years later, weighing after air drying, and weighing and counting the harvest results of the seeds of different fertilization methods. The statistical data are shown in table 2.

TABLE 2

And (3) data analysis: referring to table 2, in example 2, using the method for promoting flowering and fruiting in a eucalyptus smith seed orchard and improving germination rate of seeds, dry weight of the seeds is increased by 22.72g per plant and the fruiting amount is increased by 31.07% compared with the conventional fertilization method of the control group 2.

Example 3, a method of promoting flowering and fruiting in a eucalyptus smith seed orchard and increasing seed germination comprising the steps of:

s1, selecting 10 Schmidt eucalyptus trees of 8 years old in a plain wave forest land of Chuxiong city in Yunnan province, and digging arc-shaped grooves along the left and right sides of a tree crown water dripping line in 11 months each year, wherein the groove depth is 35cm, the width is 25cm, and the length is 1.5 m;

s2, fertilizing in the groove, wherein the fertilizing amount is as follows: 12kg of organic fertilizer (organic matter is more than or equal to 50%, nitrogen phosphorus potassium is more than or equal to 5%, potassium fulvate is more than or equal to 10%, humic acid is more than or equal to 10%, effective viable bacteria is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g) and 4g of paclobutrazol, and then covering soil;

s4, fertilizing in the groove, wherein the fertilizing amount is as follows: 1600 g/plant of urea, 2100 g/plant of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 600 g/plant of potassium chloride, 35 g/plant of borax, 25 g/plant of zinc sulfate and 4 g/plant of paclobutrazol, and then covering soil;

And a control group 3, wherein ten same-age smith eucalyptus globulus in the same garden are selected as the control group, and the operation is the same except for different applied fertilizers (the control group is applied with a ternary compound fertilizer containing 15% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium).

Harvesting the seeds of the eucalyptus smith 2 years later, weighing after air drying, and weighing and counting the harvest results of the seeds of different fertilization methods. The statistical data are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3

And (3) data analysis: referring to Table 3, in example 3, using the method for promoting flowering and fruiting in Eucalyptus smithii seed orchard and increasing germination rate of seeds of the present invention, the dry weight of the seeds was increased by 21.81g per plant and the fruiting amount was increased by 29.42% compared to the conventional fertilization method of the control group 3.

Example 4 germination tests were conducted in the laboratory on 1000 seeds of Eucalyptus smithii collected in examples 1, 2 and 3 and controls 1, 2 and 3.

The germination of the seeds is shown in table 4,

TABLE 4

And (3) data analysis: the seeds obtained by the method for promoting blooming and fructification of the eucalyptus smith seed orchard and improving the germination rate of the seeds are cultured by the conventional technology, and the germination rate of the seeds is improved by 13.57 percent compared with that of the seeds obtained by the conventional fertilizing method.

In conclusion, the method for promoting blooming and fructification of the eucalyptus smithii seed orchard and improving the germination rate of the seeds can improve the seed fructification amount and the germination rate of the seeds of the eucalyptus smithii and provide powerful seed guarantee for the popularization and planting of the eucalyptus smithii.

Claims

1. A method for promoting blooming and fructification of a eucalyptus smithii seed orchard and improving seed germination rate is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s2, fertilizing in the groove, wherein the fertilizing amount is as follows: 8-12kg of organic fertilizer and 2-4g of paclobutrazol per plant, and then covering soil, wherein in the organic fertilizer, the weight percentage of organic matter is more than or equal to 50 percent, the weight percentage of nitrogen phosphorus potassium is more than or equal to 5 percent, the weight percentage of potassium fulvate is more than or equal to 10 percent, the weight percentage of humic acid is more than or equal to 10 percent, and the weight percentage of effective viable bacteria is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred;