CN108458903B - Scientific investigation ship with continuous sampling device for surface water in sailing process - Google Patents
Scientific investigation ship with continuous sampling device for surface water in sailing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN108458903B CN108458903B CN201810388672.2A CN201810388672A CN108458903B CN 108458903 B CN108458903 B CN 108458903B CN 201810388672 A CN201810388672 A CN 201810388672A CN 108458903 B CN108458903 B CN 108458903B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/20—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state for flowing or falling materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a scientific investigation ship with a device for continuously sampling surface water in a navigation process, which comprises a ship body and is characterized in that: the device comprises a cross beam capable of ascending and descending along the ship board, a sampling tube for sucking and sampling surface water and a hydraulic cylinder for driving the cross beam to ascend and descend to extend the sampling tube to the position of the surface water, wherein a buffer mechanism for preventing the sampling tube from being damaged by continuous resistance generated by seawater when the ship body sails is arranged on the cross beam.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of scientific research ships, in particular to a scientific research ship with a device for continuously sampling surface water in a sailing process.
Background
Micro plastic, a plastic particle with a diameter less than 5mm, is a main carrier causing pollution. Microplastics include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyurethane, polyamide, polyethylene terephthalate, and the like. The microplastic is small, which means a higher specific surface area (specific surface area refers to the surface area per unit mass of porous solid material) and the greater the specific surface area, the greater the capacity for adsorbing contaminants. Firstly, persistent organic pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyl, bisphenol A and the like (which are often hydrophobic, that is, they are not easily dissolved in water and therefore they often cannot flow freely with water flow) already exist in the environment in large quantities, and once the micro-plastics and the pollutants meet, the micro-plastics just aggregate to form an organic pollution sphere. Micro-plastic is equivalent to a ride that becomes a contaminant, both of which can wander around in the environment.
The environmental agency 2014 yearbook and the reports evaluating the value of plastics indicate that plastic pollution threatens the survival of marine organisms and the development of the tourism industry, the fishery industry and the business. Attracts people's attention to micro plastic.
The particle size of the wandering micro-plastic is generally within 5mm, the wandering micro-plastic is easily mistakenly eaten by the 'low-end' food chain organisms such as zooplankton, benthos, fish, mussel and the like in the marine environment, the micro-plastic cannot be digested, and the micro-plastic can only exist in the stomach after being ingested by the organisms and occupies space, so that the animals are sick and even die; if the micro-plastics with organic pollutants are eaten, the damage to the plankton is frosted on the snow, and the pollutants are released under the action of enzymes in organisms to aggravate the disease condition. On the one hand, the death of the living being may occur, affecting the stability of the ecosystem, and on the other hand, the spread may occur through the food chain and finally appear on the human table. Mussels, zooplankton and other organisms at the bottom end of the food chain can be eaten by upper animals, micro plastics, even micro plastics and organic pollutants enter the upper animal bodies, one characteristic of the food chain is an 'enrichment' effect, the harmful substances in the bottom animal bodies are only 1% probably, but the harmful substances in the upper animal bodies are 20% to the upper layer, so that a large number of organisms eating the micro plastics can be ill or dead, the organisms at the top end of the food chain are human beings, and the human beings can accumulate a large number of micro plastics in the bodies under the action of enrichment, and the small indigestible particles can cause unpredictable harm to the human bodies. The micro-plastics are just like PM2.5 in the sea, and threaten the health of marine organisms and human beings. Animal experiments show that the plastic particles with small particle size can enter tissue cells, accumulate in animal organs, cause inflammatory reaction, and cause liver injury, endocrine disturbance and the like.
The method is characterized in that the micro-plastics in the ocean are managed and controlled, and the components and the content of the micro-plastics are detected in the first step, so that the severity and the main sources of pollution are judged, and a basis is provided for the next treatment. At present, PerkinElmer infrared spectroscopy, an infrared microscopic imaging system, a transformation microscopic infrared spectroscopy and the like are used for detecting the marine micro plastic particles. The PerkinElmer infrared spectrum and infrared microscopic imaging system can provide powerful support for the detection process. The micro-plastic detection is carried out on the premise that micro-plastic particles are sampled from ocean surface water and filtered. At present, sampling is divided into static sampling and dynamic stern or side sampling, the static sampling is easy to operate, but needs ship stopping operation, a large amount of data is inconvenient to collect to evaluate sea areas within a certain range, and the dynamic sampling provides a higher requirement for sampling equipment because the running of a ship can enable seawater to generate continuous larger resistance to the sampling equipment. However, in order to detect and evaluate the pollution condition of the micro-plastics in a certain range of water areas through the detection result, a continuous average sampling of the sea area is needed, namely, the larger the surface water sampling area of the sea area is, the more accurate the represented data is, and a continuous sampling is needed. For example, various deep sea sampling devices such as a plurality of pipes, boxes, trawls and the like which are independently researched and developed in China.
The box type is generally used in static sampling, in dynamic sampling, the position of the box body cannot be fixed artificially under water due to the resistance of water, the box body is easy to rub and impact with a ship body to cause damage, and a trawl method is easy to be wound with underwater objects, such as a culture area or some floating objects, and cannot stably sample for a long time. The method for continuously sampling in the process of sailing of the prior scientific investigation ship generally comprises the steps of installing one or more sampling pipes on a ship board, extending the sampling pipes to be 20-30 cm below the surface of seawater, and collecting surface seawater at the position on the ship board through the sampling pipes by a water pumping device, wherein the sampling method has some problems; secondly, even if the traditional sampling pipe is firmly fixed on a ship board, the sampling pipe can be bent and damaged due to the fact that the sampling pipe is subjected to continuous resistance action on the sampling pipe caused by the fact that the scientific investigation ship sails continuously for a long time; third, how to stably fix the sampling tube on the side of the ship is still a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a scientific investigation ship with a continuous sampling device for surface water in a navigation process, which is adaptive to a dynamic sampling mode, can continuously collect surface water data of a water area in a large range, ensures the stability of the sampling process, and accurate sampling data and water samples of a required water layer, and does not delay the navigation time of the scientific investigation ship and other ocean information.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a scientific investigation ship with a device for continuously sampling surface water in a sailing process comprises a ship body, and is characterized in that: the device comprises a beam which can lift up and down along the ship board, a sampling tube which is used for sucking and sampling surface water, and a hydraulic cylinder which is used for driving the beam to lift up and down to extend the sampling tube to the surface water position; a buffer mechanism for preventing the sampling tube from being damaged by the continuous resistance generated by seawater when the ship body sails is arranged on the cross beam; the connection part of the sampling tube and the cross beam is provided with an adjusting part which can swing relative to the cross beam when the sampling tube is subjected to continuous resistance of seawater; the buffer mechanism comprises a buffer chamber arranged on the cross beam, the buffer chamber comprises a buffer cavity, the sampling tube is arranged in the buffer cavity and extends out of the buffer chamber downwards to a position close to the water surface, a supporting and protecting component which allows the sampling tube to swing flexibly in the buffer cavity when continuous resistance of seawater acts on the sampling tube is arranged around the sampling tube in the buffer cavity, and a depth sensor for detecting a position signal of the distance between a water inlet of the sampling tube and the water surface is arranged at the bottom end of the sampling tube; still include the controller, depth sensor sends to the controller after detecting the position signal of water inlet, sends the signal that is used for controlling pneumatic cylinder operating condition to the pneumatic cylinder after the controller received the position signal, and the top layer water position is arranged in with the water inlet of sampling tube to pneumatic cylinder promotion crossbeam, and after the sample, the controller sends stop signal to pneumatic cylinder, and the pneumatic cylinder drives the crossbeam and withdraws, and the sampling tube leaves the surface of water.
Foretell scientific investigation ship with process of sailing is to continuous sampling device of top layer water, support protection component including along the axial of sampling tube a plurality of rubber guard rings that set gradually at the sampling tube outer wall, be provided with the buffer spring that reduces the continuous resistance of sea water that acts on the sampling tube between rubber guard ring and surge chamber inner wall.
The scientific investigation ship with the continuous sampling device for the surface water in the sailing process comprises a rigid immersion pipe fixed on the buffer chamber, a rigid conveying pipe connected with the rigid immersion pipe and a flexible output pipe connected with the rigid conveying pipe and used for pumping the surface water to the ship.
In the scientific investigation ship with the continuous sampling device for surface water in the sailing process, the adjusting part comprises a seat body arranged on the cross beam, a ball body rotationally connected with the seat body is arranged on the seat body, and the rigid immersion pipe is rotationally connected with the seat body through the ball body.
Foretell scientific investigation ship with process of sailing is to continuous sampling device of top water, buffer spring sets up a plurality ofly, and even circumference arranges between rubber guard ring and the buffer chamber inner wall.
The scientific investigation ship with the continuous sampling device for the surface water in the sailing process is characterized in that the bottom of the buffer chamber is provided with an adjusting hole allowing the sampling tube to extend out of the buffer chamber, and the aperture of the adjusting hole is set to be 1-3 times of the outer diameter of the sampling tube.
In the scientific investigation ship with the continuous sampling device for surface water in the sailing process, the two hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the sampling tube and fixed on the side of the ship.
According to the scientific investigation ship with the device for continuously sampling surface water in the sailing process, the rigid immersion pipe is arranged into a stepped structure with the diameter gradually reduced from top to bottom.
The scientific investigation ship with the device for continuously sampling the surface water in the process of sailing has the advantages that: depth sensor, the setting of controller and pneumatic cylinder, not only effectively guarantee to get the top water accurately, and can realize continuous collection in scientific investigation ship navigation process, buffer gear has not only effectively avoided continuous water flow resistance to act on the damage of sampling tube axial and radial leading to the sampling tube, and can realize alleviating to the resistance, sampling device's life has been improved, adopt automatic control mode, the degree of depth collection through depth sensor, can adjust the degree of depth of sampling tube in the top water within range in real time through the signal, the purpose of automatic acquisition top water has been realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the structure of the sampling device;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the connection structure of the sampling tube and the supporting tube;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the buffer mechanism;
FIG. 5 is a state diagram of the surface water collection process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments;
as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, a scientific investigation ship with a device for continuously sampling surface water during sailing comprises a ship body 1, a device 4 for continuously sampling the surface water 3 below the water surface is arranged at a ship board 2 of the ship body 1, the device 4 comprises a cross beam 5 which can be lifted up and down along the ship board, a sampling pipe 6 for sucking and sampling the surface water 3 is fixed on the cross beam 5, and a hydraulic cylinder 7 for driving the cross beam 5 to lift and extend the sampling pipe 6 to the position of the surface water 3, in order to ensure that the cross beam 5 is stable enough when lifted and lowered, in the embodiment of the invention, two hydraulic cylinders 7 are arranged, and are respectively and symmetrically arranged at two sides of the sampling pipe 6 and fixed on the ship board. The hydraulic cylinder 7 is a power unit commonly used in the art and will not be explained in more detail here.
The cross beam 5 is provided with a buffer mechanism 8 for avoiding the damage to the sampling tube 6 caused by the continuous resistance generated by seawater when the ship body 1 sails, in order to avoid the rigid damage to the sampling tube 6 caused by the seawater resistance acting on the sampling tube 6, an adjusting part 9 which can swing relative to the cross beam 5 when the sampling tube 6 is subjected to the continuous resistance of the seawater is arranged at the joint of the sampling tube 6 and the cross beam 5, the buffer mechanism 8 comprises a buffer chamber 10 arranged on the cross beam 5, the buffer chamber 10 comprises a buffer chamber 11, the sampling tube 6 is arranged in the buffer chamber 11 and extends downwards out of the buffer chamber 10 to a position close to the water surface, a supporting and protecting component which allows the sampling tube 6 to swing flexibly in the buffer chamber 11 when the continuous resistance of the seawater acts on the sampling tube 6 is arranged around the sampling tube 6 in the buffer chamber 10, the supporting and protecting component comprises a plurality of rubber protecting rings 12 which are sequentially arranged on the outer wall of the sampling tube 6 along the axial direction of the sampling tube 6, a buffer spring 13 for reducing the continuous resistance of seawater acting on the sampling tube 6 is arranged between the rubber protective ring 12 and the inner wall of the buffer chamber 10.
Because the magnitude and the direction of continuous resistance from seawater are uncertain in the process of sailing of the ship body 1, and the impact direction to the sampling tube 6 can be from the opposite force and the left-right transverse force of the sailing direction of the ship body, in order to ensure the position of the sampling tube to be constant and reduce the resistance interference of the sampling tube 6 in each direction, a plurality of buffer springs 13 are arranged and uniformly and circumferentially arranged between the rubber protective ring 12 and the inner wall of the buffer chamber 10. Irregular vibration can occur around the axis of the sampling tube 6 when the sampling tube 6 is subjected to continuous resistance of seawater, so that the bottom of the buffer chamber 10 is provided with an adjusting hole 14 allowing the sampling tube 6 to extend out of the buffer chamber 10, and the aperture of the adjusting hole 14 is set to be 1-3 times of the outer diameter of the sampling tube.
In order to realize automatic sampling, a depth sensor 15 for detecting the distance between a water inlet of a sampling tube 6 and the water surface is arranged at the bottom end of the sampling tube 6, the depth sensor 15 further comprises a controller, the depth sensor 15 sends a position signal of the water inlet to the controller, the controller sends a signal for controlling the working state of a hydraulic cylinder 7 to the hydraulic cylinder 7 after receiving the position signal, the hydraulic cylinder 7 pushes a cross beam 5 to place the water inlet of the sampling tube 6 at the position of surface water 3, the controller sends a stop signal to the hydraulic cylinder 7 after sampling is finished, the hydraulic cylinder 7 drives the cross beam 5 to retract, the sampling tube 6 rises and leaves the water surface, and sampling work is finished. Generally, the surface water 3 is generally located 20 to 30cm below the water surface. In order to increase the service life of the sampling tube 6 and facilitate installation and replacement, the sampling tube 6 comprises a rigid immersion tube 16 fixed to the buffer chamber 10, a rigid delivery tube 17 connected to the rigid immersion tube 16, and a flexible delivery tube 18 connected to the rigid delivery tube 17 for pumping surface water to the vessel. Whereas too large a size of the sampling tube 6 would increase the effect of seawater resistance on the sampling tube 6, the rigid dip tube 16 is provided with a stepped structure with a gradually decreasing diameter from top to bottom. The adjusting member comprises a seat body 19 arranged on the cross beam 5, a ball 20 rotatably connected with the seat body 19 is arranged on the seat body 19, and the rigid dip tube 16 is rotatably connected with the seat body 19 through the ball 20.
The resistance born by the sampling tube 6 is basically generated by seawater in the sailing direction of the ship body 1 and the resistance caused by transverse water flow of the sampling tube 6 in the sailing process of the ship body, so that the resistance is relatively small, the sampling tube 6 is basically not influenced substantially, the buffer mechanism 8 not only can reduce the main resistance generated by the seawater in the sailing direction, but also can play a good role in adjusting and slowing the transverse resistance, and the position of the sampling tube 6 can be always ensured to be in a stable state.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art should understand that they can make various changes, modifications, additions and substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A scientific investigation ship with a device for continuously sampling surface water in a sailing process comprises a ship body, and is characterized in that: the device comprises a beam which can lift up and down along the ship board, a sampling tube which is used for sucking and sampling surface water, and a hydraulic cylinder which is used for driving the beam to lift up and down to extend the sampling tube to the surface water position; a buffer mechanism for preventing the sampling tube from being damaged by the continuous resistance generated by seawater when the ship body sails is arranged on the cross beam; the connection part of the sampling tube and the cross beam is provided with an adjusting part which can swing relative to the cross beam when the sampling tube is subjected to continuous resistance of seawater; the buffer mechanism comprises a buffer chamber arranged on the cross beam, the buffer chamber comprises a buffer cavity, the sampling tube is arranged in the buffer cavity and extends out of the buffer chamber downwards to a position close to the water surface, a supporting and protecting component which allows the sampling tube to swing flexibly in the buffer cavity when continuous resistance of seawater acts on the sampling tube is arranged around the sampling tube in the buffer cavity, and a depth sensor for detecting a position signal of the distance between a water inlet of the sampling tube and the water surface is arranged at the bottom end of the sampling tube; still include the controller, depth sensor sends to the controller after detecting the position signal of water inlet, sends the signal that is used for controlling pneumatic cylinder operating condition to the pneumatic cylinder after the controller received the position signal, and the top layer water position is arranged in with the water inlet of sampling tube to pneumatic cylinder promotion crossbeam, and after the sample, the controller sends stop signal to pneumatic cylinder, and the pneumatic cylinder drives the crossbeam and withdraws, and the sampling tube leaves the surface of water.
2. The scientific survey ship with the continuous surface water sampling device in the process of sailing according to claim 1, wherein: the support protection component comprises a plurality of rubber protection rings which are sequentially arranged on the outer wall of the sampling tube along the axial direction of the sampling tube, and a buffer spring which reduces the continuous resistance of seawater acting on the sampling tube is arranged between the rubber protection rings and the inner wall of the buffer chamber.
3. The scientific survey ship with the continuous surface water sampling device in the process of sailing according to claim 1, wherein: the sampling tube comprises a rigid immersion tube fixed on the buffer chamber, a rigid conveying pipe connected with the rigid immersion tube and a flexible output pipe connected with the rigid conveying pipe and used for sucking surface water to a ship.
4. The scientific investigation ship with the continuous sampling device for surface water during the course of sailing as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the adjusting part comprises a seat body arranged on the cross beam, a ball body rotationally connected with the seat body is arranged on the seat body, and the rigid immersion pipe is rotationally connected with the seat body through the ball body.
5. The scientific investigation ship with the continuous sampling device for surface water during the course of sailing as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the buffer springs are arranged in a plurality of uniform circumferential directions between the rubber protective ring and the inner wall of the buffer chamber.
6. The scientific survey ship with the continuous surface water sampling device in the process of sailing according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of buffer chamber is seted up and is allowed the sampling tube to stretch out the regulation hole of buffer chamber, and the aperture of regulation hole sets up 1 ~ 3 times of sampling tube external diameter.
7. The scientific survey ship with the continuous surface water sampling device in the process of sailing according to claim 1, wherein: the pneumatic cylinder sets up two, respectively the symmetry locate the both sides of sampling tube and be fixed in the ship board.
8. The scientific investigation ship with the continuous sampling device for surface water during the course of sailing as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the rigid dip pipe is arranged into a stepped structure with gradually reduced diameter from top to bottom.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810388672.2A CN108458903B (en) | 2018-04-13 | 2018-04-13 | Scientific investigation ship with continuous sampling device for surface water in sailing process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810388672.2A CN108458903B (en) | 2018-04-13 | 2018-04-13 | Scientific investigation ship with continuous sampling device for surface water in sailing process |
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| CN108458903A CN108458903A (en) | 2018-08-28 |
| CN108458903B true CN108458903B (en) | 2020-05-08 |
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| CN201810388672.2A Expired - Fee Related CN108458903B (en) | 2018-04-13 | 2018-04-13 | Scientific investigation ship with continuous sampling device for surface water in sailing process |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108548696B (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2020-06-23 | 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 | Ocean surface water continuous sampling device |
| CN111896312B (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2023-07-21 | 浙江宜植惠农业科技有限公司 | Land detection device based on agricultural development |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103926110A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-07-16 | 江苏海泰船舶成套设备有限公司 | Marine gravity sampling equipment for scientific investigation |
| CN206307239U (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-07-07 | 上海富勋实业有限公司 | A kind of liftable fin keel with seawater probe tube |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3757133B2 (en) * | 2001-06-06 | 2006-03-22 | アドバンテック東洋株式会社 | Underwater sampler |
| CN105242023A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-01-13 | 四方继保（武汉）软件有限公司 | Unmanned ship achieving multi-function monitoring of water area |
| CN205632939U (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2016-10-12 | 江苏德林环保技术有限公司 | Remote control water sample sampling boat |
| CN207123397U (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-03-20 | 山西农业大学 | A kind of Lake Surface Sediments collector |
| CN107525694A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2017-12-29 | 阳江核电有限公司 | A kind of water suspension sampling apparatus and the method for sampling |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103926110A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-07-16 | 江苏海泰船舶成套设备有限公司 | Marine gravity sampling equipment for scientific investigation |
| CN206307239U (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-07-07 | 上海富勋实业有限公司 | A kind of liftable fin keel with seawater probe tube |
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