CN108458750B - Gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter synchronous measurement method in pure water droplet boiling process - Google Patents
Gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter synchronous measurement method in pure water droplet boiling process Download PDFInfo
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- CN108458750B CN108458750B CN201810193744.8A CN201810193744A CN108458750B CN 108458750 B CN108458750 B CN 108458750B CN 201810193744 A CN201810193744 A CN 201810193744A CN 108458750 B CN108458750 B CN 108458750B
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Abstract
The invention provides a gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter synchronous measurement method in a pure water droplet boiling process, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: step one, scanning three laser light sources respectively by using a laser controller to obtain tuned lasers; coupling the tuned laser by using a wavelength division multiplexer to obtain coupled laser; thirdly, passing the coupling laser through a quartz glass plate and a grating to obtain a contrast laser; receiving the contrast laser by a spectrum acquisition device to obtain a contrast map; step five, enabling the coupling laser to sequentially penetrate through the pure water droplets, the quartz glass plate and the grating to obtain measuring laser; step six, receiving the measuring laser through a spectrum acquisition device to obtain a measuring spectrum; selecting two wavelength positions which are not influenced by water vapor absorption from the comparison map and the measurement map; and step eight, combining the reference map and the measurement map to obtain the temperature, the thickness and the measurement error of the liquid water, the temperature of the water vapor and the size of bubbles in the boiling process of the pure water droplets.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for measuring parameters in a pure water droplet boiling process, in particular to a method for synchronously measuring gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter in the pure water droplet boiling process.
Background
Boiling phenomena of micron-sized droplets on various heating surfaces are widespread in various industrial processes, such as space station thermal control systems, nuclear reactor safety, fire extinguishing, turbine blade cooling, hot metal mold surface cooling, cryogenic heat pump cooling, and the like. With the rapid development of microelectronic technology, the traditional single-phase air cooling system cannot meet the requirement of high heat flow heat dissipation, and the high-efficiency heat exchange performance of droplet boiling can ensure that the microelectronic element is at a reasonable temperature, so the system is paid much attention by researchers.
In order to better understand and control the droplet boiling process, quantitative analysis of various parameters in the droplet boiling process is required. However, in many cases, the liquid and gas phase parameters inside the droplet are coupled to each other, which makes modeling and solving difficult. The traditional measuring method can only realize the measurement of single-phase parameters and cannot synchronously measure multi-phase parameters.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for synchronously measuring gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameters in a pure water droplet boiling process.
The invention provides a gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter synchronous measurement method in a pure water droplet boiling process, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: step one, aligning the center wavelength as v through a laser controller1、v2、v3The three laser light sources respectively scan to obtain three tuned lasers; coupling the three tuned lasers by adopting a wavelength division multiplexer to obtain coupled lasers; step three, the coupling laser penetrates through a quartz glass plate and is subjected to grating light splitting to obtain the central wavelength v1、v2、v3Three control lasers of (a); step four, receiving light intensity signals of the three reference lasers through a spectrum acquisition device to obtain three reference spectra; step five, the coupling laser sequentially penetrates through the pure water droplets in the boiling state and the quartz glass plate bearing the pure water droplets and is subjected to grating light splitting to obtain the central wavelength v1、v2、v3Three measuring lasers of (2); sixthly, receiving light intensity signals of the three measuring lasers through a spectrum acquisition device to obtain three measuring spectrums; step seven, selecting two wavelength positions which are not influenced by water vapor absorption in the comparison map and the measurement map, and recording the two wavelength positions as the wavelength v2’、v3'; step eight, combining the wavelengths v1、v2’、v3' obtaining the temperature T of liquid water during the boiling process of pure water droplets by a ratio methodlThickness L and measurement error u; step nine, combining the wavelengths v2And wavelength v3The integral area of a complete absorption line near the position is obtained by a bilinear method to obtain the temperature T of water vapor inside the pure water liquid drop in the boiling processvAnd bubble size d.
The gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter synchronous measurement method in the boiling process of the pure water droplets provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics:wherein the wavelength v1、v2、v3Are all wavelengths in the infrared spectrum, wavelength v1The spectral absorption coefficient of liquid water is less than the wavelength v2、v3The spectral absorption coefficient of liquid water.
The gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter synchronous measurement method in the boiling process of the pure water droplets provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: and the data calculation in the step eight is based on the beer-Lambert absorption law:
τ(νi) Denotes the transmittance of the absorbing medium to laser light, IoiIndicating the intensity of incident light of the laser light, ItiIndicating the light intensity of the transmitted light after the laser is absorbed by the medium and the spectral absorption coefficient k of the liquid water at different wavelength positionsiTemperature T of liquid waterlK can be obtained on Fourier infrared spectrumi＝f(Tl),i＝(1,2',3')。
The gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter synchronous measurement method in the boiling process of the pure water droplets provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: wherein, in the ninth step, the temperature T of the water vaporvAnd bubble size d with water vapor at wavelength v2And v3Integrated area a of absorption line complete near positioni(i-2, 3) satisfies the following relation: a. thei＝d·p·Si(Tv) (i-2, 3), and the temperature T of the water vaporv：
Bubble size d of water vapor:
Si(Tv) (i-2, 3) is the wavelength v of water vapor in the near infrared absorption spectrumi(i-2, 3) and steam temperature TvStrong line of correlation, Tv0Is a reference temperature 296K, K is Boltzmann constant, h is Planckian constant, c is speed of light, E'2'and E'3' is the low potential energy of two transitions, p is the atmosphereAnd (4) the pressure.
The gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter synchronous measurement method in the boiling process of the pure water droplets provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: wherein, the positions of the three laser light sources, the grating and the spectrum acquisition device are required to be adjusted before the step one.
The gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter synchronous measurement method in the boiling process of the pure water droplets provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: wherein, the laser light source is a semiconductor laser.
The gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter synchronous measurement method in the boiling process of the pure water droplets provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: wherein, a temperature control motor heating sheet for heating is arranged on the quartz glass plate.
The gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter synchronous measurement method in the boiling process of the pure water droplets provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: wherein, the spectrum collection device is a photoelectric detector.
Action and Effect of the invention
According to the gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter synchronous measurement method in the boiling process of the pure water droplets, three comparison maps and three measurement maps can be obtained by using the three laser light sources and the spectrum acquisition device, and the temperature T of the pure water droplets on the surface of the heating transmission solid in the boiling process can be realized by carrying out data processing on the comparison maps and the measurement maps in combination with a ratio method and a bilinear methodlThickness L, measurement error u and temperature T of water vapor inside liquid dropvAnd the size d of the bubbles is synchronously measured on line, and the method is simple to operate and low in cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter synchronous measurement device in the boiling process of pure water droplets in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of three control maps in an example of the present invention; and
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of three measurement profiles in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, creation features, achievement purposes and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the following embodiments are specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present embodiment measures the gas-liquid two-phase multiparameter during the boiling of pure water droplets by using a gas-liquid two-phase multiparameter synchronous measuring device during the boiling of pure water droplets.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter synchronous measurement device in the boiling process of pure water droplets in the embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter synchronous measurement device 100 in the boiling process of pure water droplets comprises a laser controller 10, a laser source 20, a wavelength division multiplexer 30, a collimator 40, a quartz glass plate 50, an aspherical mirror 60, a grating 70, a spectrum acquisition device 80 and a computer 90.
The laser controller 10 is used to tune the laser wavelength.
The laser light source 20 emits laser light. In the present embodiment, the laser light sources 20 are semiconductor lasers, the number of the laser light sources 20 is three, and the three laser light sources 20 can emit three lasers with different wavelengths. In this embodiment, the central wavelengths of the three lasers are v1、v2、v3。
The wavelength division multiplexer 30 is used to couple three lasers of different wavelengths into one beam. The collimator 40 serves to convert the diverging light into parallel light and condense it. The quartz glass plate 50 is for carrying droplets of pure water, and a temperature-controlled electric heating plate 51 for heating the droplets of pure water to bring them to a boiling state is provided at a lower portion of the quartz glass plate 50. The aspherical mirror 60 is used to increase the beam diameter. The grating 70 is used to divide the laser light coupled into one beam into three laser lights of different wavelengths. The spectrum collection device 80 is used for receiving the laser light split by the grating. In this embodiment, the spectrum collection device 80 is a photo detector, and the number of photo detectors is three, and the three photo detectors can respectively receive one laser. The computer 90 is used for data processing of the information collected by the spectrum collection device 80.
The gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter synchronous measurement method in the pure water droplet boiling process comprises the following steps:
firstly, the positions and angles of the three laser light sources 20, the collimator 40, the aspherical mirror 60, the grating 70 and the three spectrum acquisition devices 80 are adjusted.
Step two, respectively setting the central wavelengths of 10 as v through a laser controller1、v2、v3The three laser light sources 20 respectively scan to obtain three tuned lasers. The tuned laser is obtained after tuning. Wavelength v1、v2、v3Are all wavelengths in the infrared spectrum, and the wavelength v1At a position where the spectral absorption coefficient of liquid water is relatively small, wavelength v2、v3The liquid water absorption coefficient is larger and the corresponding liquid water absorption coefficient has a larger change rate to the temperature.
And step three, coupling the three tuned lasers by using a wavelength division multiplexer 30 to obtain a beam of coupled laser.
Step four, the coupled laser sequentially passes through the quartz glass plate 50 and the aspherical mirror 60 and is split by the grating 70 to obtain the central wavelengths v1、v2、v3Three control lasers.
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of three control maps in an example of the present invention.
And step five, receiving the light intensity signals of the three reference lasers through the spectrum acquisition device 80 to obtain three reference spectra. As shown in FIG. 2, the control map is a wavelength-intensity signal scanning map.
And step six, dripping the pure water droplets on the quartz glass plate 50, and heating the pure water droplets to a boiling state by the temperature control electric heating sheet 51 on the quartz glass plate 50.
Step seven, the coupling laser sequentially passes through the pure water droplet in the boiling state, the quartz glass plate 50 and the aspherical mirror 60 and is split by the grating 70 to obtain the central wavelength v1、v2、v3Three measuring lasers.
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of three measurement profiles in an embodiment of the present invention.
And step eight, receiving the light intensity signals of the three measuring lasers through the spectrum acquisition device 80 to obtain three measuring spectrums. As shown in fig. 3, the measurement pattern is a wavelength-intensity signal scanning pattern.
Step nine, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, two wavelength positions which are not affected by water vapor absorption are selected from the comparison spectrum and the measurement spectrum and are recorded as the wavelength v2’、v3’。
Step ten, using the computer 90 to process the data in the control map and the measurement map: binding wavelength v1、v2’、v3' obtaining the temperature T of liquid water during the boiling process of pure water droplets by a ratio methodlThickness L, and measurement error u. Wherein the data calculation is based on beer
Lambert law of absorption:
τ(νi)
denotes the transmittance of the absorbing medium to laser light, IoiIndicating the intensity of incident light of the laser light, ItiIndicating the light intensity of the transmitted light after the laser is absorbed by the medium and the spectral absorption coefficient k of the liquid water at different wavelength positionsiTemperature T of liquid waterlK can be obtained on Fourier infrared spectrumi＝f(Tl),i＝(1,2',3')。
Step eleven, processing the data in the control map and the measurement map using the computer 90: binding wavelength v2And wavelength v3Integrated area a of absorption line complete near positioni(i-2, 3) obtaining the temperature T of the water vapor inside the pure water droplets during boiling by a bilinear methodvAnd bubble size d. Wherein the temperature T of the water vaporvAnd bubble size d with water vapor at wavelength v2And v3Integrated area a of absorption line complete near positioni(i-2, 3) satisfies the following relation: a. thei＝d·p·Si(Tv),(i＝2,3)，
Temperature T of water vaporv：
Bubble size d of water vapor:
Si(Tv) (i-2, 3) is the wavelength v of water vapor in the near infrared absorption spectrumi(i-2, 3) and steam temperature TvStrong line of correlation, Tv0Is a reference temperature 296K, K is Boltzmann constant, h is Planckian constant, c is speed of light, E'2'and E'3' is the low energy of the two transitions and p is atmospheric pressure.
Effects and effects of the embodiments
According to the method for synchronously measuring the gas phase, the liquid phase and the multiple parameters in the boiling process of the pure water droplets, three reference spectra and three measurement spectra can be obtained by using the three laser light sources and the spectrum acquisition device, and the temperature T of the pure water droplets on the surface of the heating transmission solid in the boiling process can be realized by processing the reference spectra and the measurement spectra in combination with a ratio method and a bilinear methodlThickness L, measurement error u and temperature T of water vapor inside liquid dropvAnd the size d of the bubbles is synchronously measured on line, and the method is simple to operate and low in cost.
Further, the method carries out data calculation based on the beer-Lambert law, can simultaneously and accurately invert the temperature and the liquid drop thickness of the liquid water in the pure water liquid drops and the size and the temperature of the bubbles of the water vapor in the pure water liquid drops, and eliminates measurement errors caused by light intensity reduction caused by light scattering, deflection and the like.
The above embodiments are preferred examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter synchronous measurement method in a pure water droplet boiling process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, aligning the center wavelength as v through a laser controller1、v2、v3The three laser light sources respectively scan to obtain three tuned lasers;
coupling the three tuned lasers by adopting a wavelength division multiplexer to obtain coupled lasers;
step three, the coupled laser penetrates through a quartz glass plate and is subjected to grating light splitting to obtain the central wavelength v1、v2、v3Three control lasers of (a);
receiving light intensity signals of the three reference lasers through a spectrum acquisition device to obtain three reference spectra;
step five, the coupling laser sequentially penetrates through the pure water droplet in the boiling state and the quartz glass plate bearing the pure water droplet and is subjected to grating light splitting to obtain the central wavelength v1、v2、v3Three measuring lasers of (2);
sixthly, receiving light intensity signals of the three measuring lasers through the spectrum acquisition device to obtain three measuring spectrums;
seventhly, selecting two wavelength positions which are not influenced by water vapor absorption from the comparison map and the measurement map, and recording the two wavelength positions as the wavelength v2’、v3’；
Step eight, combining the wavelengths v1、v2’、v3’Obtaining the temperature T of the liquid water of the pure water droplets in the boiling process by adopting a ratio methodlThickness L and measurement error u;
step nine, combining the wavelengths v2And wavelength v3The integral area of a complete absorption line near the position is obtained by a bilinear method to obtain the temperature T of the water vapor in the pure water liquid drop in the boiling processvAnd bubble size d.
2. The method for synchronously measuring the gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter in the boiling process of the pure water droplets as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
wherein, theSaid wavelength v1、v2、v3Are all wavelengths in the infrared spectrum of light,
said wavelength v1The spectral absorption coefficient of the liquid water is less than the wavelength v2、v3The spectral absorption coefficient of liquid water.
3. The method for synchronously measuring the gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter in the boiling process of the pure water droplets as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
and the data calculation in the step eight is based on the beer-Lambert absorption law:
τ(νi) Denotes the transmittance of the absorbing medium to laser light, IoiIndicating the intensity of incident light of the laser light, ItiIndicating the intensity of transmitted light after the laser light is absorbed by the medium,
spectral absorption coefficient k of liquid water at different wavelength positionsiTemperature T of liquid waterlThe correspondence of (a) can be obtained on a fourier infrared spectrum:
ki＝f(Tl),i＝(1,2',3')
l represents the thickness of the pure water droplet in the liquid state during boiling, and u represents the measurement error.
4. The method for synchronously measuring the gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter in the boiling process of the pure water droplets as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
wherein, in the ninth step, the temperature T of the water vaporvAnd bubble size d and said water vapor at wavelength v2And v3Integrated area a of absorption line complete near positioni(i-2, 3) satisfies the following relation:
Ai＝d·p·Si(Tv),(i＝2,3)
and the temperature T of the water vaporv：
Bubble size d of the water vapor:
Si(Tv) (i-2, 3) is the wavelength v of water vapor in the near infrared absorption spectrumi(i-2, 3) and steam temperature TvStrong line of correlation, Tv0Is a reference temperature 296K, K is Boltzmann constant, h is Planckian constant, c is speed of light, E'2'and E'3' is the low energy of the two transitions and p is atmospheric pressure.
5. The method for synchronously measuring the gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter in the boiling process of the pure water droplets as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
and adjusting the positions of the three laser light sources, the grating and the spectrum acquisition device before the first step.
6. The method for synchronously measuring the gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter in the boiling process of the pure water droplets as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
wherein, the laser light source is a semiconductor laser.
7. The method for synchronously measuring the gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter in the boiling process of the pure water droplets as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
wherein, a temperature control motor heating sheet for heating is arranged on the quartz glass plate.
8. The method for synchronously measuring the gas-liquid two-phase multi-parameter in the boiling process of the pure water droplets as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
wherein, the spectrum collection device is a photoelectric detector.
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