CN108457805A - 基于单桩式的风能-波浪能集成发电系统 - Google Patents

基于单桩式的风能-波浪能集成发电系统 Download PDF

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CN108457805A
CN108457805A CN201810212008.2A CN201810212008A CN108457805A CN 108457805 A CN108457805 A CN 108457805A CN 201810212008 A CN201810212008 A CN 201810212008A CN 108457805 A CN108457805 A CN 108457805A
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pile foundation
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施伟
唐业
李琳
宁德志
王凯
马哲
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Dalian University of Technology
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/10Deep foundations
    • E02D27/12Pile foundations
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F03B13/1805Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/22Foundations specially adapted for wind motors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/008Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations the wind motor being combined with water energy converters, e.g. a water turbine
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727Offshore wind turbines
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728Onshore wind turbines

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明属于海洋可再生能源利用技术领域,基于单桩式的风能‑波浪能集成发电系统,包括风力发电系统和波浪能发电装置;波浪能发电装置为鸭式波浪能转换装置,其设在套筒上。鸭式波浪能转换装置包括鸭式捕能系统和液压装置,鸭式捕能系统对称设置在单桩基础两侧,其通过支撑轴连接到紧固装置上,可绕支撑轴转动;液压装置位于鸭式捕能系统和支撑轴之间,对称设置在单桩基础两侧,鸭式捕能系统通过摆动带动内部的凸轮/铰链机构,改变工作液体的压力,带动液压装置工作,推动发电机发电。该系统提高了海域的有效利用率,降低了建设成本和维修费用,充分利用现有的成熟风机技术,促进了波浪能装置商业化的应用,是一种可靠的海上可再生能源发电平台。

Description

基于单桩式的风能-波浪能集成发电系统
技术领域
本发明属于海洋可再生能源利用技术领域,尤其涉及了一种风能-波浪能为一体的发电装置,以单桩结构为基础将风能和波浪能相结合的发电系统。
背景技术
风能是一种清洁的可再生能源。目前,海上风电已成为国际风电发展的新方向,备受各国关注。发展海上风能对于我国治理大气雾霾、调整能源结构具有重要意义。我国沿海地区具有丰富的海上风能资源,海上风电开发潜力巨大。与陆上风能相比较,海上具有更加丰富的风资源而且风品质较好,不受地形的影响。另外,在风能丰富的地区通常具有丰富的波浪能,对波浪能的开发利用也成为当今的研究热点之一。然而由于波浪能发电装置能量转化率低,发电成本较高,可靠度相对较低,在一定程度上限制了其商业化发展。如今,风能开发的技术相对较为成熟,尤其单桩式风机应用较为广泛,目前世界上80%以上建成的海上风电场采用单桩基础,单桩基础具有良好的稳定性。虽然周期性波浪产生的电能不稳定、不连续,但在海风的作用下波浪会由随机的湍流变成有规律的脉冲流,这为实现风能-波浪能的综合利用提供了可能。
多能互补是解决海洋可再生能源综合利用的有效途径。将海上风力发电和波浪能发电相结合,可以有效地提高资源的利用率,提高发电能力,从而提高海洋可再生能源发电系统的经济性、降低成本,进而使其向着商业化发展。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种固定式风能-波浪能集成发电系统,在海洋中建立风能、波浪能系统于一体的集成系统,使二者共享支撑结构和电力传输系统。该装置有效地提高了可再生资源的利用率和能量的转化率,在一定程度上降低了成本,具有较高的实用性。
本发明的技术方案:
一种基于单桩式的风能-波浪能集成发电系统,基于单桩基础的风机-鸭式波浪能集成发电平台,包括风力发电系统和波浪能发电装置;
所述的波浪能发电装置为鸭式波浪能转换装置,其设在套筒7上,位于海平面附近;所述的套筒7上设有一个带有支撑轴的紧固装置,即为紧固装置3,两片紧固装置通过铆钉8固定连接,位于海平面附近,套筒7有效降低鸭式波浪能转换装置对单桩基础5的作用,达到保护单桩基础5的作用;所述的鸭式波浪能转换装置包括鸭式捕能系统6和液压装置4,鸭式捕能系统6对称设置在单桩基础5两侧,鸭式捕能系统6通过支撑轴连接到紧固装置3上,可绕支撑轴转动;所述的液压装置4,位于鸭式捕能系统6和支撑轴之间,对称设置在单桩基础5两侧,鸭式捕能系统6通过摆动带动内部的凸轮/铰链机构,改变工作液体的压力,从而带动液压装置4工作,推动发电机发电;
所述的风力发电系统包括风机1、塔筒2、单桩基础5和电力传输系统;所述的风机1为兆瓦级水平轴风力发电机,其通过塔筒2与单桩基础5相连,单桩基础5固定于海床。
所述的鸭式捕能系统6横截面轮廓呈鸭头形,鸭式捕能系统6前端迎浪部分面积较小,形状根据需要进行设计,其后端背浪部分面积较大,采用圆弧形状,有利于最大限度的捕获波浪中的能量。
本发明的有益效果:
1、单桩风机结构简单、施工便利、建造成本低、适用范围广。
2、同时收集风能和波浪能进行发电,可有效地提高平台的利用率,提高集成系统的发电效率。
3、波浪能装置的对称分布提高了系统的稳定性能。
4、该固定式风能-波浪能集成发电系统提高了海域的有效利用率,降低了建设成本和维修费用,充分利用现有的成熟风机技术,促进了波浪能装置商业化的应用,是一种可靠的海上可再生能源发电平台。
附图说明
图1是此固定式风能-波浪能集成系统立体结构示意图。
图2是波浪能发电装置与单桩基础局部连接示意图。
图中:1风机;2塔筒;3紧固装置;4液压装置;5单桩基础;
6鸭式捕能系统;7套筒;8铆钉。
具体实施方式
为了加深对本发明的理解,下面结合附图和技术方案,对本发明作进一步说明。
如图1所示,水平轴风机1通过塔筒2和单桩基础5和海床相连。波浪能发电装置是鸭式捕能系统6,波浪能发电装置设在单桩基础海平面附近,鸭式捕能系统6与单桩基础5通过带有支撑轴的紧固装置3相连接,在紧固装置3 和单桩基础5之间安装了套筒7,降低波浪能装置对单桩基础5的作用,达到保护单桩基础5的作用。
如图2所示,液压装置4位于鸭式捕能系统6和支撑轴之间,随鸭式捕能系统6一起绕支撑轴转动;两个紧固片3通过铆钉8固定在套筒7上。
该方法为:风机1在风力作用下发出电能;鸭式捕能系统6通过带支撑轴的紧固装置3连接到单桩基础5上,波浪中的能量促使鸭式捕能系统6绕水面做往复运动,带动内部的凸轮/铰链机构,改变工作液体的压力,从而带动液压装置4工作,推动内部发电机发电,实现波浪能向电能的转化,电能通过风机 1的传输系统和风能装置的产生的电能一同输送至电网。两个鸭式捕能系统6 对称布置于风机正面左右两侧,可有效的抵消波浪能装置对单桩基础5的作用,提高系统的稳定性。
基于固定式风能-波浪能集成系统的施工安装流程如下:首先,基于现有的海上风机单桩施工工艺,先将单桩基础5安装固定在海床上,再将塔筒2运送并安装在单桩基础5上;在岸上将套筒7、紧固装置3、液压装置4以及鸭式捕能系统6组装好,之后利用专业的施工船将组装好的波浪能装置运送到装机位置,并进行安装,最后安装顶部风机1,完成基于固定式风能-波浪能集成发电系统的施工安装。
由此,本发明采用的单桩基础支撑结构加工、安装和施工方便,成本较低;风力发电、波浪能发电在同一个支撑结构上完成,使二者共享支撑平台和电力传输配套系统,很大程度上降低了发电的成本;结构稳定合理,更进一步证明了本发明的可实施性,具有显著的技术效果。

Claims (2)

1.一种基于单桩式的风能-波浪能集成发电系统,其特征在于,基于单桩基础的风机-鸭式波浪能集成发电平台,包括风力发电系统和波浪能发电装置;
所述的波浪能发电装置为鸭式波浪能转换装置,其设在套筒(7)上,位于海平面附近;所述的套筒(7)上设有一个带有支撑轴的紧固装置,即为紧固装置(3),两片紧固装置通过铆钉(8)固定连接,位于海平面附近,套筒(7)有效降低鸭式波浪能转换装置对单桩基础(5)的作用,达到保护单桩基础(5)的作用;所述的鸭式波浪能转换装置包括鸭式捕能系统(6)和液压装置(4),鸭式捕能系统(6)对称设置在单桩基础(5)两侧,鸭式捕能系统(6)通过支撑轴连接到紧固装置(3)上,可绕支撑轴转动;所述的液压装置(4),位于鸭式捕能系统(6)和支撑轴之间,对称设置在单桩基础(5)两侧,鸭式捕能系统(6)通过摆动带动内部的凸轮/铰链机构,改变工作液体的压力,从而带动液压装置(4)工作,推动发电机发电;
所述的风力发电系统包括风机(1)、塔筒(2)、单桩基础(5)和电力传输系统;所述的风机(1)为兆瓦级水平轴风力发电机,其通过塔筒(2)与单桩基础(5)相连,单桩基础(5)固定于海床。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于单桩式的风能-波浪能集成发电系统,其特征在于,所述的鸭式捕能系统(6)横截面轮廓呈鸭头形,鸭式捕能系统(6)前端迎浪部分面积较小,形状根据需要进行设计,其后端背浪部分面积较大,采用圆弧形状,有利于最大限度的捕获波浪中的能量。
CN201810212008.2A 2018-03-12 2018-03-12 基于单桩式的风能-波浪能集成发电系统 Pending CN108457805A (zh)

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Application publication date: 20180828