CN108457392A - 一种轻质防火高效保温板及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
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- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种轻质防火高效保温板,涉及建筑围护结构领域,其特征在于由加气混凝土板、高效保温材料、钢筋网片、连接件构成。所述的高效保温材料经过连接件的连接,预埋在加气混凝土板的内部,形成一种轻质防火高效保温板。本发明还公开了上述保温板的制备方法,本发明的保温板在不损失强度的前提下,降低加气混凝土板的厚度,加强加气混凝土板的保温性能,降低加气混凝土板的自重,节约材料,可以实现厚度250mm以下满足75%节能要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于复合材料制备方法,涉及一种轻质防火高效保温板及其制备方法。
背景技术
我国的建筑节能起步较晚,且能耗严重,据研究表明,每年建筑能耗占全社会能耗的28%左右,而外墙耗能占建筑总耗能的30%左右。高能耗主要原因是围护结构保温隔热效果太差,据统计,我国的建筑采暖耗能量,在气候发达国家中,外墙大约是其四到五倍。因此,如何革新外墙成为建筑节能的重点。
现阶段我国主要存在的两种外墙保温体系分别为外墙外保温和外墙内保温体系,这两种保温体系虽然可以极大地提升围护结构的保温性能,但是均存在一些弊端。外墙外保温由于保温材料多为聚苯板等有机材料,防火性能差,同时由于外保温材质强度较低,耐久性差,存在面砖脱落的风险。外保温通常在现场进行铺设,不能工厂化完成,延长了施工周期,降低了施工效率。外墙内保温也存在着结露甚至霉变等弊端。
加气混凝土板作为一种自保温墙体具有绿色环保、保温性能好、防火阻燃、造价低等特点,有效规避了外墙外保温和内保温体系存在的弊端。但是现阶段加气板要实现75%节能标准,保温性能较好的B04级加气板厚度都要达到300mm以上。较厚的围护墙体限制了加气板的推广,而且B04级加气混凝土板强度低,易磕碰损坏,次品率高,加大了生产难度。
本申请提出在强度A3.0级以上的加气混凝土板内复合高效保温材料,在不损失强度的前提下,降低加气混凝土板的厚度,加强加气混凝土板的保温性能,降低加气混凝土板的自重,节约材料,可以实现厚度250mm以下满足75%节能要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于:克服外墙内保温、外保温体系存在的技术缺陷,降低加气混凝土板的自重,同一模数内生产更多的板材,提供一种轻质防火高效保温板。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:一种轻质防火高效保温板,其特征在于由加气混凝土板1、高效保温材料2、钢筋网片3、连接件4构成,在所述的加气混凝土板1预埋通过所述的钢筋网片3和连接件4固定所述的高效保温材料2,形成一种具有加气混凝土板优点,但保温性能更好、厚度更薄、材质更轻的轻质防火高效保温板。
所述的加气混凝土板强度为A3.0级以上,厚度应控制在100mm到250mm之间,其目的在于提高加气混凝土板的强度,降低生产难度及次品率。
所述的高效保温材料应选两种类型的材料,(1)酚醛板、真空绝热板、气凝胶绝热板、岩棉、玻璃棉等200℃下正常使用的保温材料;(2)聚苯板、聚氨酯板等200℃可溶化的材料,在与加气混凝土板高温蒸养时溶化,出釜后形成空腔,其目的在于提高传统加气混凝土板的保温效果,
所述的高效保温材料在浇筑前做保护处理,其目的在于保护高效保温材料在浇筑时不会受到破坏,防止高效保温材料进水受潮,提高高效保温材料的耐久性。
所述的加气混凝土板为200mm以下时,内填充高效保温材料的导热系数要低于0.02W/(m·K),其目的在于降低轻质防火高效保温板的传热系数,满足75%节能标准。
所述的加气混凝土板中部延长度方向放置2-5块高效保温材料,每块高效保温材料之间留有100mm-500mm的间隔,其目的在于便于加气混凝土的发气。
所述的高效保温材料,单块高效保温材料的厚度为20-180mm,单块高效保温材料宽度为300-500mm,板内高效保温材料总长度为加气混凝土板长度50%-80%,其目的在于控制高效保温材料的填充率,保证轻质防火高效保温板的强度。
所述的连接件留有可钉入保温钉或塑料膨胀螺栓的孔洞,其目的在于便于固定高效保温材料。
附图说明
图1为本发明的立体示意面;
图2为本发明的侧视图;
图3为本发明的连接件立体示意图。
图中:1为加气混凝土板;
2为高效保温材料;
3为钢筋网片;
4为连接件。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进行详细说明:
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:一种轻质防火高效保温板,其特征在于:由加气混凝土板1、高效保温材料2、钢筋网片3、连接件4构成。
(1)高效保温材料的选取
高效保温材料应选两种类型的材料:(1)200℃下正常使用的保温材料,可选择酚醛板、真空绝热板、气凝胶绝热板、岩棉、玻璃棉等(2)200℃可溶化的材料,在与加气混凝土板高温蒸养时溶化,出釜后形成空腔。当加气混凝土板厚度低于200mm下时,保温材料应选择导热系数低于0.02W/(m·K)。具体高效保温材料的选择应根据加气混凝土板的尺寸和所要求的传热系数要求按照《民用建筑热工设计规范》GB 50176-2016计算而定。
(2)高效保温材料尺寸确定
每块加气混凝土板内预埋2-5块高效保温材料,每块高效保温材料之间留有100mm-500mm的间隔。单块高效保温材料的厚度为20-180mm,单块高效保温材料宽度为300-500mm,板内高效保温材料总长度为加气混凝土板长度的50%-80%。保温材料的具体尺寸应根据《民用建筑热工设计规范》GB 50176-2016计算传热系数而确定。
(3)高效保温材料的保护处理
单块高效保温材料在浇筑前事先进行保护处理,各个面先均匀涂抹一层2-3mm的聚合物砂浆砂浆,然后缠绕耐碱纤维网格布,干透之后再涂抹一层2-3mm的防水砂浆。
(4)高效保温材料的固定
连接件两端焊固在上下钢筋网片两侧,高效保温材料卡在两侧连接件中间,然后在高效保温材料对应连接件孔洞位置钉入保温钉或者膨胀螺栓,完全固定后,在钉入保温钉或者膨胀螺栓处涂抹环氧树脂,封死孔隙,防止高效保温材料进水受潮。
(5)轻质防火高效保温板的施工
固定好高效保温材料后,和钢筋网片形成整体,放入模板内,浇入加气混凝土,经过预养切割、蒸压养护等步骤后,形成轻质防火高效保温板。
本发明的优点如下:
1.有效提高普通加气混凝土条板的保温性能,降低传统加气混凝土板的厚度;2.保温层可在工厂化完成,有效提高施工效率;3.轻质防火高效保温板的外立面装饰的基层为加气混凝土外表面,基层表面平整,避免了传统外保温空鼓,面层开裂、脱落的质量问题;4.轻质防火高效保温板具有防火、耐久性好等特点。
Claims (8)
1.一种轻质防火高效保温板及其制备方法,其特征在于由加气混凝土板1、高效保温材料2、钢筋网片3、连接件4构成,在所述的加气混凝土板1预埋通过所述的钢筋网片3和连接件4固定所述的高效保温材料2,形成一种具有加气混凝土板优点,但保温性能更好、厚度更薄、材质越轻的轻质防火高效保温板。
2.根据权利要求书1所述的轻质防火高效保温板,其特征在于,所述的加气混凝土板强度为A3.0级以上,厚度应控制在100mm到250mm之间。
3.根据权利要求书1所述的轻质防火高效保温板,其特征在于,所述的高效保温材料选择两种类型的材料:(1)酚醛板、真空绝热板、气凝胶绝热板、岩棉、玻璃棉等200℃下正常使用的保温材料;(2)聚苯板、聚氨酯板等200℃下可溶化的材料。
4.根据权利要求书1所述的轻质防火高效保温板,其特征在于,所述的高效保温材料在浇筑前做保护处理。
5.根据权利要求书1所述的轻质防火高效保温板,其特征在于,所述的加气混凝土板为200mm以下时,内填充高效保温材料的导热系数要低于0.02W/(m·K)。
6.根据权利要求书1所述的轻质防火高效保温板,其特征在于,所述的加气混凝土板中部延长度方向放置2-5块高效保温材料,每块高效保温材料之间留有100mm-500mm的间隔。
7.根据权利要求书1所述的轻质防火高效保温板,其特征在于,所述的高效保温材料,单块高效保温材料的厚度为20-180mm,单块高效保温材料宽度为300-500mm,板内高效保温材料总长度为加气混凝土板长度50%-80%。
8.根据权利要求书1所述的轻质防火高效保温板,其特征在于,所述的连接件留有可钉入保温钉或塑料膨胀螺栓的孔洞,其目的在于便于固定高效保温材料。
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KR101625622B1 (ko) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-05-30 | (주)서진이앤씨 | 단열효율이 개선된 마감재 내장형 건축물 벽체 |
CN107227817A (zh) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-10-03 | 北京建筑大学 | 一种装配式保温加气混凝土复合墙板及其制备方法 |
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CN101812877A (zh) * | 2010-04-02 | 2010-08-25 | 周智民 | 一种复合型改性钢筋混凝土自保温墙材及其制备方法 |
CN203684430U (zh) * | 2014-01-23 | 2014-07-02 | 山东天玉墙体材料有限公司 | 一种蒸压加气混凝土保温板 |
KR101625622B1 (ko) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-05-30 | (주)서진이앤씨 | 단열효율이 개선된 마감재 내장형 건축물 벽체 |
CN107227817A (zh) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-10-03 | 北京建筑大学 | 一种装配式保温加气混凝土复合墙板及其制备方法 |
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