CN108456337B - Method for preparing cold isostatic pressing sheath through 3D cold printing - Google Patents
Method for preparing cold isostatic pressing sheath through 3D cold printing Download PDFInfo
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- CN108456337B CN108456337B CN201810179593.0A CN201810179593A CN108456337B CN 108456337 B CN108456337 B CN 108456337B CN 201810179593 A CN201810179593 A CN 201810179593A CN 108456337 B CN108456337 B CN 108456337B
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- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
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- BDOYKFSQFYNPKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetic acid;sodium Chemical compound [Na].[Na].OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O BDOYKFSQFYNPKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
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- PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-phenylethenyl)furan-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C(C=CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L3/00—Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08L3/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/0427—Coating with only one layer of a composition containing a polymer binder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L99/00—Compositions of natural macromolecular compounds or of derivatives thereof not provided for in groups C08L89/00 - C08L97/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2303/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08J2303/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2399/00—Characterised by the use of natural macromolecular compounds or of derivatives thereof not provided for in groups C08J2301/00 - C08J2307/00 or C08J2389/00 - C08J2397/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2400/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
Abstract
A method for preparing a cold isostatic pressing sheath by 3D cold printing belongs to the technical field of cold isostatic pressing. The invention mixes 1-5% glucose, 50-65% starch powder, 0.5-2% sodium chloride, 0.2-0.8% disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 0.5-4% raising agent, 0.1-1% dispersing agent, 5-10% forming agent, 2-7% gelatinizing agent, 1-5% reinforcing agent and the rest water according to the above-mentioned mass ratio and a certain sequence, stirs them into slurry with a certain viscosity, then makes 3D cold printing, prints into cold equal sheath with a certain shape, heats in steam pot at 80-130 deg.C for 20-60min, finally dips a layer of thin film sheath outside the steam pot, and prepares the new type cold equal static pressure sheath. The novel cold isostatic pressing sheath for 3D cold printing prepared by the method has the advantages of easily available raw materials, low price, simple preparation process, safety and no pollution. The novel cold jacket has small resilience and no stress concentration, can be used for preparing jackets with complex shapes, has no shape limitation, can keep the shapes of the pressed products to be complete without fracture, and has uniform density and excellent performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of cold isostatic pressing and provides a method for preparing a novel cold isostatic pressing sheath by 3D cold printing.
Background
The cold isostatic pressing is to put the powder into a sealed elastic mould, put the mould into a container containing liquid or gas, apply certain pressure to the mould by the liquid or gas, press the powder into a solid body to obtain a reduced body with a certain shape, take out the mould from the container after the pressure is released, and perform subsequent sintering treatment after demoulding. Compared with the die pressing, the cold isostatic pressing has the following advantages: the blank with a slightly-shaped shape, such as a square shape, a hollow shape and the like, is different from a block-shaped or cylindrical blank; the density of the pressed compact is uniformly distributed; the mould material is rubber and plastic, so the cost is low; the green compact has high strength and is convenient to process and transport.
Cold Isostatic Pressing (CIP) is an important powder metallurgy forming method, and can process high-temperature alloy materials, hard alloy materials, ceramic materials and the like which are difficult to manufacture under conventional solidification conditions. Compared with casting and forging methods, the cold isostatic pressing method has the advantages of uniform product structure, no component segregation, high dimensional precision, high material utilization rate, high purity, no need of adding any forming agent in the preparation process, low cost and the like. The CIP can greatly improve the density of the parts and increase the strength of the parts. Cold isostatic pressing is typically used for forming large size parts or to provide large size ingots for plastic working.
The existing cold isostatic pressing sheath is mainly made of polyethylene or polystyrene, and the reusable sheath is made of polyurethane, silicon rubber, chloroprene rubber or natural rubber. After the sheath is filled with powder and sealed, it is completely immersed in the pressure medium. However, the sheaths are difficult to form parts with complex shapes, and in the pressing process, because stress concentration and elastic rebound exist in the cold and other pressure relief processes of the sheaths, the parts with complex shapes and multiple symmetrical axes are easy to break, the yield is low, and the waste cost of raw materials is increased. At present, due to the limitation of the shape of a cold isostatic pressing sheath, the cold isostatic pressing technology is only limited to be applied to the preparation of blocks with regular simple shapes or hollow thick-wall blanks, and workpieces with irregular complex shapes cannot be prepared. Therefore, the novel cold isostatic pressing sheath has great significance for solving the problems of difficult forming of complex shapes and low finished product rate of broken pressed pieces.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing a novel cold isostatic pressing sheath by 3D cold printing, which achieves satisfactory effects in the aspects of forming complex shapes, reducing rejection rate, production cost and the like, and the pressed blank after cold forming has high and uniform density, can obtain complex shapes, is safe and pollution-free in sheath, and is simple to prepare and low in cost.
In order to obtain the novel cold isostatic pressing sheath, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the 3D cold printing novel cold isostatic pressing sheath comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1-5% of glucose, 50-65% of starch powder, 0.5-2% of sodium chloride, 0.2-0.8% of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid disodium, 0.5-4% of leavening agent, 0.1-1% of dispersing agent, 5-10% of forming agent, 2-7% of gelling agent, 1-5% of reinforcing agent and the balance of water.
The sheath raw material is prepared by mixing and stirring → 3D printing and forming → heating → coating the adhesive film under the above composition, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing raw materials of glucose, starch powder, sodium chloride, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, a swelling agent and a dispersing agent according with the formula amount, and mixing in a mixer for 30-60 min;
(2) pouring water according with the formula amount into the raw material powder mixed in the step (1), uniformly stirring, adding a forming agent, a gelling agent and an enhancer, and pasting to prepare slurry;
(3) printing and forming the slurry prepared in the step (2) by a 3D cold printer to print a cold isostatic pressing sheath blank;
(4) heating the sheath blank printed in the step (3) in a steam box for 20-60min at 80-130 ℃, keeping the steam pressure at 0.3-0.5Pa, and heating to obtain a soft and porous sheath primary body;
(5) and (4) dipping the soft porous primary sheath body in the step (4) in an organic colloid, wherein the viscosity of the colloid is 10-50 Pa.s, the dipping time is 8-20s, so that a colloid thin layer is dipped on the surface of the sheath blank body, the thickness of the colloid thin layer is 0.5-6mm, and standing for 2-6 h to prepare the cold isostatic pressing sheath.
Further, the starch powder in the step (1) is one or more of wheat flour, barley flour, glutinous rice flour, sweet potato starch, potato starch and tapioca starch.
Further, the leavening agent in the step (1) is composed of sodium bicarbonate and potassium hydrogen tartrate according to a certain mass percentage, wherein the sodium bicarbonate accounts for 30-70%, and the balance is potassium hydrogen tartrate.
Further, the dispersant in the step (1) is one or more of citric acid, oleic acid or styrene-maleic anhydride.
Further, the forming agent in the step (2) is composed of glycerol and white deoiled oil according to a certain mass percentage, wherein the glycerol accounts for 45-60%, and the balance is the white deoiled oil.
Further, the gelling agent in the step (2) is composed of sodium alginate, methylcellulose and chitosan according to a certain mass percentage, wherein the sodium alginate accounts for 28-36%, the methylcellulose accounts for 20-55%, and the balance is chitosan.
Further, the enhancer in the step (2) is composed of ovalbumin, triethanolamine and syrup according to a certain mass percentage, wherein the ovalbumin accounts for 10-30%, the triethanolamine accounts for 20-40%, and the balance is the syrup.
Further, the cold isostatic pressing sheath blank in the step (3) is printed by 3D cold printing to prepare various cold isostatic pressing sheaths with simple and complex shapes without being limited by the shapes.
Further, the organic colloid in the step (5) is one or more of polyurethane, silica gel or latex.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the raw materials are easy to obtain, the price is low, the preparation process is simple, and the method is safe and pollution-free.
2. The novel cold isostatic pressing sheath is not limited by the shape, and various cold isostatic sheaths with simple and complex shapes can be prepared by adopting 3D cold printing.
3. The novel cold isostatic pressing sheath has small resilience and no stress concentration, can keep the shape of a pressed product to be complete without fracture, and has uniform density and excellent performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a door handle pressed with a commercially available silicone rubber cold isostatic press jacket.
Fig. 2 is a door handle pressed with the novel cold isostatic pressing jacket prepared in example 2.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the percentage of the raw materials of the novel cold isostatic pressing sheath for 3D cold printing is as follows:
glucose 4%, starch powder 58%, glycerol 2%, butter 4%, ovalbumin 0.4%, triethanolamine 1.2%, syrup 1.8%, sodium chloride 1%, sodium bicarbonate 2%, potassium hydrogen tartrate 0.9%, citric acid 0.6%, disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate 0.3%, sodium alginate 1.5%, methylcellulose 3%, chitosan 1.5% and the balance of water.
Step 1: putting glucose, wheat flour, sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bitartrate, citric acid and disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate which accord with the formula into a V-shaped mixer, and mixing for 45 min;
step 2: adding water, ovalbumin, triethanolamine, syrup, glycerol, white deoiled oil, sodium alginate, methylcellulose and chitosan into the mixed powder in sequence, stirring into paste, and preparing slurry;
and step 3: putting the slurry into a 3D cold printing machine, and printing flange-shaped cold isostatic pressing sheath blanks layer by layer;
and 4, step 4: heating the printed flange sheath blank in a steam box at 110 ℃ for 40 min;
and 5: and (3) dipping the heated sheath in latex, wherein the viscosity of the colloid is 25 Pa.s, the dipping is carried out for 25s, so that a layer of latex film is uniformly dipped in the inside and the surface layer of the sheath blank, the thickness of the latex film is 1mm, and standing is carried out for 6h, thus preparing the novel cold isostatic pressing sheath.
Example 2:
the percentage of the raw materials of the novel cold isostatic pressing sheath for 3D cold printing is as follows:
5% of glucose, 60% of starch powder, 6% of glycerol, 2% of butter, 0.4% of ovalbumin, 1.5% of triethanolamine, 2% of syrup, 0.8% of sodium chloride, 1% of sodium bicarbonate, 1.1% of potassium hydrogen tartrate, 0.6% of oleic acid, 0.4% of disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, 2% of sodium alginate, 2.6% of methylcellulose, 0.8% of chitosan and the balance of water.
Step 1: putting glucose, wheat flour, sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bitartrate, oleic acid and disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate which meet the formula requirements into a V-shaped mixer, and mixing for 60 min;
step 2: adding water, ovalbumin, triethanolamine, syrup, glycerol, white deoiled oil, sodium alginate, methylcellulose and chitosan into the mixed powder in sequence, stirring into paste, and preparing slurry;
and step 3: placing the slurry into a 3D cold printing machine, and printing a door handle-shaped cold isostatic pressing sheath blank layer by layer;
and 4, step 4: heating the printed blank with the shape of the door handle in a steam box for 30min at 100 ℃;
and 5: and (3) putting the heated sheath into silica gel for dipping for 15s, wherein the colloid viscosity is 40 Pa.s, so that a layer of silica gel film is uniformly dipped in the inside and the surface layer of the sheath blank, the thickness of the silica gel film is 3mm, and standing for 3h to prepare the novel cold isostatic pressing sheath.
Claims (9)
1. The method for preparing the cold isostatic pressing sheath by 3D cold printing is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 1-5% of glucose, 50-65% of starch powder, 0.5-2% of sodium chloride, 0.2-0.8% of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid disodium, 0.5-4% of leavening agent, 0.1-1% of dispersing agent, 5-10% of forming agent, 2-7% of gelling agent, 1-5% of reinforcing agent and the balance of water; the preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) weighing raw materials of glucose, starch powder, sodium chloride, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, a swelling agent and a dispersing agent according with the formula amount, and mixing in a mixer for 30-60 min;
(2) pouring water according with the formula amount into the raw material powder mixed in the step (1), uniformly stirring, adding a forming agent, a gelling agent and an enhancer, and pasting to prepare slurry;
(3) printing and forming the slurry prepared in the step (2) by a 3D cold printer to print a cold isostatic pressing sheath blank;
(4) heating the sheath blank printed in the step (3) in a steam box for 20-60min at 80-130 ℃, keeping the steam pressure at 0.3-0.5Pa, and heating to obtain a soft and porous sheath primary body;
(5) and (4) dipping the soft porous primary sheath body in the step (4) in an organic colloid, wherein the viscosity of the colloid is 10-50 Pa.s, the dipping time is 8-20s, so that a colloid thin layer is dipped on the surface of the sheath blank body, the thickness of the colloid thin layer is 0.5-6mm, and standing for 2-6 h to prepare the cold isostatic pressing sheath.
2. The method for preparing a cold isostatic pressing jacket for 3D cold printing according to claim 1, wherein: the starch powder is one or more of wheat flour, barley flour, glutinous rice flour, sweet potato starch, potato starch or cassava starch.
3. The method for preparing a cold isostatic pressing jacket for 3D cold printing according to claim 1, wherein: the leavening agent consists of sodium bicarbonate and potassium hydrogen tartrate according to certain mass percentage, wherein the sodium bicarbonate accounts for 30 to 70 percent, and the balance is the potassium hydrogen tartrate.
4. The method for preparing a cold isostatic pressing jacket for 3D cold printing according to claim 1, wherein: the dispersant is one or more of citric acid, oleic acid or styrene-maleic anhydride.
5. The method for preparing a cold isostatic pressing jacket for 3D cold printing according to claim 1, wherein: the forming agent consists of 45-60% of glycerol and the balance of white deoiled oil according to a certain mass percentage.
6. The method for preparing a cold isostatic pressing jacket for 3D cold printing according to claim 1, wherein: the gelling agent consists of 28-36% of sodium alginate, 20-55% of methylcellulose and the balance of chitosan according to certain mass percentage.
7. The method for preparing a cold isostatic pressing jacket for 3D cold printing according to claim 1, wherein: the enhancer comprises, by mass, 10-30% of ovalbumin, 20-40% of triethanolamine and the balance of syrup.
8. The method for preparing a cold isostatic pressing jacket for 3D cold printing according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) preparing the cold isostatic pressing sheath blank in the step (3) into various simple and complex shapes by adopting 3D cold printing and printing without shape limitation.
9. The method for preparing a cold isostatic pressing jacket for 3D cold printing according to claim 1, wherein: the organic colloid in the step (5) is one or more of polyurethane, silica gel or latex.
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