CN111348906A - Light-cured silicon-based ceramic core biscuit degreasing method for investment casting - Google Patents
Light-cured silicon-based ceramic core biscuit degreasing method for investment casting Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 235000015895 biscuits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000016 photochemical curing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XFUOBHWPTSIEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(oxiran-2-ylmethyl) cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C1CCCC(C(=O)OCC2OC2)C1C(=O)OCC1CO1 XFUOBHWPTSIEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- FIHBHSQYSYVZQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-prop-2-enoyloxyhexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C FIHBHSQYSYVZQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- MPIAGWXWVAHQBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-prop-2-enoyloxy-2-[[3-prop-2-enoyloxy-2,2-bis(prop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(prop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)C=C)(COC(=O)C=C)COCC(COC(=O)C=C)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C MPIAGWXWVAHQBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- KNSXNCFKSZZHEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-prop-2-enoyloxy-2,2-bis(prop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical group C=CC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)C=C)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C KNSXNCFKSZZHEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VFHVQBAGLAREND-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylphosphoryl-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)methanone Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(=O)P(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 VFHVQBAGLAREND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005409 triarylsulfonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 4-chlorphenyl diphenyl sulfur hexafluorophosphate Chemical compound 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSAWQNUELGIYBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCCC1C(O)=O QSAWQNUELGIYBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001089 mineralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/14—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silica
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
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- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
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- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of precision casting, in particular to a method for degreasing a photocuring silicon-based ceramic core biscuit for investment casting, which comprises the steps of preparing 50-60 vol% silicon-based ceramic core slurry with high solid content and high printing performance, establishing a complex double-wall silicon-based ceramic core three-dimensional model, slicing the model, introducing the model into a photocuring 3D printer, printing the model layer by layer to obtain a photocuring double-wall silicon-based ceramic core biscuit, placing a crucible containing the ceramic core biscuit in a vacuum hot-pressing furnace, and performing degreasing at 1 × 10‑3～1×10‑4And (3) under the high vacuum condition of Pa, raising the temperature to 300-500 ℃ at the heating rate of 0.5-2 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 2-4 hours, and completely drying and degreasing the biscuit of the silicon-based ceramic core. The invention is suitable for precisely casting the hollow engine blade, can fully remove the water in the silicon-based ceramic biscuit and slowly decompose the light-cured resin organic matter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of precision casting, in particular to a method for degreasing a photo-cured silicon-based ceramic core biscuit for investment casting, which is suitable for precisely casting a hollow engine blade.
Background
The photocuring 3D printing technology is used as a digital manufacturing technology without tools, and a product with a highly complex shape can be manufactured by using a layer-by-layer stacking precision machining mode. This enables the fabrication of complex structures of high precision, which in the past has been constrained by conventional machining approaches and which could not be achieved. The method greatly simplifies the product design link, improves the integration level of parts and shortens the product research and development period. The 3D printing technology has wide application prospect in the fields of aviation, aerospace and the like due to the characteristics of large forming size, wide available material range, excellent material performance of a formed part and the like.
The ceramic core is a necessary link for preparing the hollow blade of the aero-engine, and the performance of the hollow blade is directly influenced by the quality of the ceramic core. With the improvement of the thrust-weight ratio requirement of an aircraft engine, based on the basic principles of flow mechanics and heat transfer mechanics, the design of the inner cavity of an engine blade is more and more complex, so that more strict requirements are provided for the performance of a core, multiple sets of dies are required for preparing a high-complexity double-wall silicon-based core and a precise silicon-based cavity by the traditional process, the process is complex, the cost is high, and the photocuring 3D printing technology provides possibility for integrally forming the double-wall high-complexity core. Meanwhile, the exploration of a degreasing method reduces the decomposition rate of the biscuit resin organic matters, and the ceramic piece with uniform structure and excellent surface quality becomes one of the problems to be solved by the technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for degreasing a photo-curing silicon-based ceramic core biscuit for investment casting, which has certain technical support on the subsequent treatment of a core prepared by processing of a curing 3D printing technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a photo-curing silicon-based ceramic core biscuit degreasing method for investment casting comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly preparing silicon-based ceramic core slurry with high solid content and high printing performance and accounting for 50-60 vol%, secondly establishing a complex double-wall silicon-based ceramic core three-dimensional model, conducting slicing treatment on the model, leading the model into an STL format file in a photocuring 3D printer, conducting core layer-by-layer printing to obtain a photocuring double-wall silicon-based ceramic core biscuit, thirdly placing a crucible containing the ceramic core biscuit in a vacuum hot pressing furnace, and placing the crucible in a position of 1 × 10-3～1×10-4And (3) under the high vacuum condition of Pa, raising the temperature to 300-500 ℃ at the heating rate of 0.5-2 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 2-4 hours, and completely drying and degreasing the biscuit of the silicon-based ceramic core.
The preparation process of the photocuring silicon-based ceramic core biscuit for investment casting comprises the following steps:
(1) taking micron-level and nano-level mixed spherical silicon-based ceramic powder: fused silica with the granularity of 20-40 nm and the purity of 99.9 wt% and silica with the granularity of 100-300 mu m and the purity of 99 wt% are mixed according to a certain proportion, and simultaneously, a certain amount of gas-phase artificial synthetic silica is added according to the actual preparation situation, wherein: the nanometer powder accounts for 60-70% of the total mass of the silicon-based ceramic powder, the micron powder accounts for 10-25% of the total mass of the silicon-based ceramic powder, and the gas-phase artificially synthesized hydrophobic silicon dioxide accounts for 5-20% of the total mass of the silicon-based ceramic powder;
(2) taking micron-scale and nano-scale mixed silicon-based ceramic powder, a monomer, a cross-linking agent, a dispersing agent, a photoinitiator and a mineralizer;
(3) mixing silicon-based ceramic powder and a mineralizer, and carrying out ball milling on the mixture;
(4) sieving the ball-milled mixture, and drying to obtain dried and uniformly mixed powder;
(5) placing a photoinitiator and a dispersant into a prepared monomer for mixing to form a mixture;
(6) mixing the mixture obtained in the step (5) with the mixed powder obtained in the step (4), stirring the mixture into a viscous mixture by using stirrers with different powers, and gradually adjusting the rotating speed of the stirrer in the stirring process until the silicon-based ceramic core slurry for photocuring is obtained;
(7) establishing a complex double-wall silicon-based ceramic core three-dimensional model by using an image processing software Autodesk inventor, carrying out slicing processing on the core three-dimensional model by using software Simplify3D, programming a 3D printing path G code into an STL format by using C + +, then placing the photocuring silicon-based ceramic core slurry prepared in the step (6) and having high solid content, high printing performance, high reaction efficiency and more stable and excellent flow settling property into a receiving port of photocuring equipment, and leading an operation program into an STL format file to print a silicon-based ceramic core biscuit by using the photocuring 3D equipment;
(8) and (4) cleaning, drying and sintering the silicon-based ceramic core biscuit printed in the step (7) to obtain the final complex double-wall silicon-based ceramic core.
The photo-curing silicon-based ceramic core biscuit degreasing method for investment casting comprises the following steps that the volume of silicon-based ceramic powder accounts for 50% -60% of the sum of the volumes of the silicon-based ceramic powder and a monomer;
the volume ratio of 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) to Hexahydrophthalic Acid Diglycidyl Ester (HADE), 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), Hexahydrophthalic Acid Diglycidyl Ester (HADE) to a dispersant is (6-6.5): (2.5-3.0): (0.5 to 1.5);
the cross-linking agent is selected from ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PPTTA), and 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) in mass ratio: ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PPTTA) (5-10): 1;
the dispersing agent is 1.0-2.0% of the total mass of the silicon-based ceramic core slurry for photocuring, and is prepared by mixing dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (DPHA), sodium polyacrylate, ammonium polyacrylate and oleic acid in a mass ratio of (10-20) to (2-4) to 1: 1;
the photoinitiator is 3 to 6 percent of the total mass of the silicon-based ceramic core slurry for photocuring, and the photoinitiator is a mixture of 2,4, 6-trimethylbenzoyl diphenyl phosphine oxide and triaryl sulfonium salt;
the mineralizer is a mixture of alumina and zirconia with the total mass of 5-12% of the silicon-based ceramic powder, and the viscosity and the performance of the slurry are regulated and controlled; the granularity of the alumina is 20nm to 40nm or 100 to 300 mu m, and the granularity of the zirconia is 20 to 40 nm.
The method for degreasing the photo-curing silicon-based ceramic core biscuit for investment casting comprises the following steps of (6) gradually adjusting the rotating speed of a stirrer in the stirring process until silicon-based ceramic core slurry for photo-curing is obtained; wherein the solid content range is 50-60 vol%, the reaction efficiency is 5-15 s for single-layer curing time, the silicon-based ceramic core slurry can not be layered in the printing process, good fluidity is presented at the discharge port, and the shear rate is 100s-1Viscosity of the slurry in the state<5.5Pa·s。
The photo-curing silicon-based ceramic core biscuit degreasing method for investment casting comprises the following steps of (8), putting the cleaned silicon-based ceramic biscuit in drying agent polyethylene glycol for 8-10 hours, carrying out full chemical drying treatment, taking out the silicon-based ceramic core biscuit, washing the silicon-based ceramic core biscuit in water, and putting the silicon-based ceramic core biscuit in a drying box to completely dry the silicon-based ceramic core biscuit.
The design idea of the invention is as follows:
the degreasing method of the photocuring 3D printing ceramic biscuit is a crucial step in ceramic preparation, and directly determines the quality of a silicon-based ceramic core. The method of the invention not only can fully remove the water in the silicon-based ceramic biscuit and slowly decompose the forming resin organic matter, but also can ensure that the degreased core structure is more uniform, the surface quality is excellent, the phenomena of cracking and deformation are avoided, the product qualification rate obtained by the core is ensured, and the technical reference is provided for realizing the integrated industrialized production of the hollow blade with the complex structure.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. the invention utilizes the high vacuum condition, the low heating rate and the low degreasing temperature, can enable the degreased product to have more uniform structure, good surface quality and no cracking or deformation phenomenon, and can be applied to the field of photocuring 3D printing ceramics.
2. The integrally formed double-wall silicon-based ceramic core lays a technical support for industrial popularization.
3. The invention aims at the single crystal double-wall hollow turbine blade for investment casting based on the photocuring technology, and is also suitable for the aluminum-based ceramic material core degreasing process method after adjusting part of process parameters.
4. The vacuum degreasing method for the photocuring 3D printing ceramic biscuit can obtain ceramic products with more uniform structures, excellent surface quality and no cracking and deformation phenomena, and provides technical reference for realizing integrated industrialized production of hollow blades with complex structures.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a drawing of a sample of a complex double-walled silicon-based ceramic core for photocuring 3D printing of the present invention. Wherein, (a) is a front view of the ceramic core, and (b) is a rear view of the ceramic core.
FIG. 2 is a process flow for degreasing a silicon-based ceramic core sample according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1-2, the method for degreasing a photo-cured silicon-based ceramic core biscuit for investment casting mainly comprises the steps of preparing silicon-based ceramic core slurry with excellent performance such as high solid content and the like; manufacturing a complex double-wall silicon-based ceramic core three-dimensional model, slicing the model, and importing the sliced model into an STL format file for photocuring 3D printing of the core; and then drying and intelligently controlling vacuum degreasing on the printed silicon-based ceramic core biscuit.
The method comprises the steps of preparing 50-60 vol% silicon-based ceramic core slurry with high solid content and high printing performance, establishing a complex double-wall silicon-based ceramic core three-dimensional model, slicing the model, introducing the model into an STL (Standard template library) format file in a photocuring 3D (three-dimensional) printer, performing core layer-by-layer printing to obtain a photocuring double-wall silicon-based ceramic core biscuit, and placing a crucible in which the ceramic core biscuit is placed in a vacuum hot-pressing furnace in a 1 × 10 (parts per million) manner-3～1×10-4And (3) under the high vacuum condition of Pa, raising the temperature to 300-500 ℃ at the heating rate of 0.5-2 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 2-4 hours, and completely drying and degreasing the biscuit of the silicon-based ceramic core.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) taking micron-level and nano-level mixed spherical silicon-based ceramic powder: fused silica with the granularity of 20-40 nm and the purity of 99.9 wt% and silica with the granularity of 100-300 mu m and the purity of 99 wt% are mixed according to a certain proportion, and simultaneously, a certain amount of gas-phase artificial synthetic silica is added according to the actual preparation situation, wherein: the nanometer powder accounts for 60-70% of the total mass of the silicon-based ceramic powder, the micron powder accounts for 10-25% of the total mass of the silicon-based ceramic powder, and the gas-phase artificially synthesized hydrophobic silicon dioxide accounts for 5-20% of the total mass of the silicon-based ceramic powder.
(2) Taking micron-scale and nano-scale mixed silicon-based ceramic powder, a monomer, a cross-linking agent, a dispersing agent, a photoinitiator and a mineralizer;
the volume of the silicon-based ceramic powder accounts for 50-60% of the sum of the volumes of the silicon-based ceramic powder and the monomer;
the volume ratio of 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) to Hexahydrophthalic Acid Diglycidyl Ester (HADE), 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), Hexahydrophthalic Acid Diglycidyl Ester (HADE) to a dispersant is (6-6.5): (2.5-3.0): (0.5 to 1.5);
the cross-linking agent is selected from ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PPTTA), and 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) in mass ratio: ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PPTTA) (5-10): 1;
the dispersing agent is 1.0-2.0% of the total mass of the silicon-based ceramic core slurry for photocuring, and is prepared by mixing dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (DPHA), sodium polyacrylate, ammonium polyacrylate and oleic acid in a mass ratio of (10-20) to (2-4) to 1: 1;
the photoinitiator is 3 to 6 percent of the total mass of the silicon-based ceramic core slurry for photocuring, and the photoinitiator is a mixture of 2,4, 6-trimethylbenzoyl diphenyl phosphine oxide and triaryl sulfonium salt (such as 4-chlorphenyl diphenyl sulfur hexafluorophosphate Pis-1, 3-nitrophenyl diphenyl sulfur hexafluorophosphate Pis-2, 4-acetamidophenyl diphenyl sulfur hexafluorophosphate Pis-3, 3-benzoylphenyl diphenyl sulfur hexafluorophosphate Pis-4, triphenyl sulfur fluoroborate Parent-I, triphenyl sulfur hexafluorophosphate Parent-II, triphenyl sulfur hexafluoroantimonate Parent-III, 4-methylphenyl diphenyl sulfur hexafluorophosphate Parent-IV and the like) in a certain proportion;
the mineralizer is a mixture of alumina and zirconia with the total mass of 5-12% of the silicon-based ceramic powder, and the viscosity and the performance of the slurry are regulated and controlled; the granularity of the alumina is 20nm to 40nm or 100 to 300 mu m, and the granularity of the zirconia is 20 to 40 nm.
(3) Mixing silicon-based ceramic powder and a mineralizer, and carrying out ball milling on the mixture;
(4) sieving the ball-milled mixture, and drying to obtain dried and uniformly mixed powder;
(5) placing a photoinitiator and a dispersant into a prepared monomer for mixing to form a mixture;
(6) mixing the mixture obtained in the step (5) with the mixed powder obtained in the step (4), stirring the mixture into a viscous mixture by using stirrers with different powers, and gradually adjusting the rotating speed of the stirrers in the stirring process until the photocuring silicon-based ceramic core slurry with high solid content, high printing performance, high reaction efficiency and more stable and excellent flow settling performance is obtained;
wherein, the solid content range is 50-60 vol%, the reaction efficiency is 5-15 s for single-layer curing time, and the printing performance means that the number of printed gaps is small, the thickness of the single layer is uniform, and the printing performance is light transmission and colorThe flow settlement performance of standard components and complex structural components with similar degrees means that the high-solid-content silicon-based ceramic core slurry does not have the layering phenomenon in the printing process and simultaneously has good fluidity at the discharge port, and the shear rate is 100s-1Viscosity of the slurry in the state<5.5Pa·s。
(7) Establishing a complex double-wall silicon-based ceramic core three-dimensional model by using image processing software Autodesk inventor, carrying out slicing processing on the core three-dimensional model by using software Simplify3D, programming a 3D printing path G code into an STL format by using C + +, then placing the photocuring silicon-based ceramic core slurry prepared in the step (6) and having high solid content, high printing performance, high reaction efficiency and more stable and excellent flow settling property into a receiving port of photocuring equipment, and leading an operation program into an STL format file to print a silicon-based ceramic core biscuit by using photocuring 3D equipment;
(8) and (4) cleaning, drying and sintering the silicon-based ceramic core biscuit printed in the step (7) to obtain the final complex double-wall silicon-based ceramic core.
And (3) putting the cleaned silicon-based ceramic biscuit in a drying agent polyethylene glycol for 8-10 hours, carrying out full chemical drying treatment, taking out the silicon-based ceramic core biscuit, washing the silicon-based ceramic core biscuit in water, and putting the silicon-based ceramic core biscuit into a drying box to completely dry the silicon-based ceramic core biscuit.
(9) The dried crucible of the silica-based ceramic core biscuit was placed in a vacuum autoclave at 1 × 10-3～1×10-4And (3) under the high vacuum condition of Pa, raising the temperature to 300-500 ℃ at the heating rate of 0.5-2 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 2-4 hours to completely degrease the biscuit of the silicon-based ceramic core, as shown in figure 2.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Examples
In this embodiment, the method for degreasing the photo-cured silicon-based ceramic core biscuit for investment casting specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) 100g (46 mL v, 2g/cm p) of micron-sized and nano-sized mixed spherical silicon-based ceramic powder is weighed3) (ii) a Monomer (b): 20g (18mL) of 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), hexahydrophthalic acid dimerHydroglycerol ester (HADE)10g (11 mL); dispersing agent: 4g (3.5mL) of dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (DPHA), 0.8g of sodium polyacrylate, 0.2g of ammonium polyacrylate and 0.2g of oleic acid; photoinitiator (2): 0.12g of 2,4, 6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide and 0.12g of triarylsulfonium salt; mineralizing agent: 8g of alumina and 6g of zirconia, wherein the granularity of the alumina is 20-40 nm, and the granularity of the zirconia is 20-40 nm.
(2) Mixing micron-scale and nano-scale mixed spherical silicon-based ceramic powder with a mineralizer, and carrying out ball milling treatment, wherein the diameter of a grinding ball is 10mm, the mass of the grinding ball is 100g, and the ball milling parameters are as follows: 350r/min, and ball milling for 9 h;
(3) and (4) sieving the ball-milled mixture, drying, and putting the mixture in a drying oven at 50 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain mixed powder which is dried and uniformly mixed. Adding a photoinitiator and a dispersant into the mixture, stirring the mixture to be dissolved in a monomer, adding the dried mixed powder, stirring the mixture to be viscous while adding the mixture, putting the mixture into a homogenizing mixer, fully mixing the mixture for 6 hours, and vacuumizing the homogenizing mixer, wherein the set parameter of the homogenizing mixer is 1200r/min, and mixing the mixture for 30s at 1800r/min to obtain the silicon-based ceramic core slurry with the solid content of 56.6 vol%.
(4) The method comprises the steps of establishing a complex double-wall silicon-based ceramic core three-dimensional model by using an image processing software Autodesk inventor, carrying out slicing processing on the core three-dimensional model by using a software Simplify3D, programming a 3D printing path G code into an STL format by using C + +, then putting prepared silicon-based ceramic core slurry into a receiving port, and importing an operation program into an STL format file to print the ceramic core by using photocuring 3D equipment.
(5) And (3) putting the cleaned silicon-based ceramic biscuit in a drying agent polyethylene glycol for 8 hours, and carrying out sufficient chemical drying treatment until the mold core is taken out, washed in water and then put in a drying box to be thoroughly dried.
(6) The dried crucible of the silica-based ceramic core biscuit was placed in a vacuum autoclave at 1 × 10-3And (3) under the high vacuum condition of Pa, heating to 450 ℃ at the heating rate of 1 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 3 hours to completely degrease the biscuit of the silicon-based ceramic core.
The embodiment result shows that the method has simple process, integrated forming, short period, low cost and high efficiency, the processing process flow of the photocuring integrated forming complex double-wall core is constructed based on the actual use environment of the silicon-based ceramic core, the possibility is provided for realizing integrated industrialized production of the silicon-based ceramic core with the complex structure, and the corresponding evaluation method is established to meet the use requirement of precision casting.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A photo-curing silicon-based ceramic core biscuit degreasing method for investment casting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly preparing silicon-based ceramic core slurry with high solid content and high printing performance and accounting for 50-60 vol%, secondly establishing a complex double-wall silicon-based ceramic core three-dimensional model, conducting slicing treatment on the model, leading the model into an STL format file in a photocuring 3D printer, conducting core layer-by-layer printing to obtain a photocuring double-wall silicon-based ceramic core biscuit, thirdly placing a crucible containing the ceramic core biscuit in a vacuum hot pressing furnace, and placing the crucible in a position of 1 × 10-3～1×10-4And (3) under the high vacuum condition of Pa, raising the temperature to 300-500 ℃ at the heating rate of 0.5-2 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 2-4 hours, and completely drying and degreasing the biscuit of the silicon-based ceramic core.
2. The method of degreasing a photocured silicon-based ceramic core biscuit for investment casting according to claim 1, wherein the photocured silicon-based ceramic core biscuit for investment casting is prepared by the steps of:
(1) taking micron-level and nano-level mixed spherical silicon-based ceramic powder: fused silica with the granularity of 20-40 nm and the purity of 99.9 wt% and silica with the granularity of 100-300 mu m and the purity of 99 wt% are mixed according to a certain proportion, and simultaneously, a certain amount of gas-phase artificial synthetic silica is added according to the actual preparation situation, wherein: the nanometer powder accounts for 60-70% of the total mass of the silicon-based ceramic powder, the micron powder accounts for 10-25% of the total mass of the silicon-based ceramic powder, and the gas-phase artificially synthesized hydrophobic silicon dioxide accounts for 5-20% of the total mass of the silicon-based ceramic powder;
(2) taking micron-scale and nano-scale mixed silicon-based ceramic powder, a monomer, a cross-linking agent, a dispersing agent, a photoinitiator and a mineralizer;
(3) mixing silicon-based ceramic powder and a mineralizer, and carrying out ball milling on the mixture;
(4) sieving the ball-milled mixture, and drying to obtain dried and uniformly mixed powder;
(5) placing a photoinitiator and a dispersant into a prepared monomer for mixing to form a mixture;
(6) mixing the mixture obtained in the step (5) with the mixed powder obtained in the step (4), stirring the mixture into a viscous mixture by using stirrers with different powers, and gradually adjusting the rotating speed of the stirrer in the stirring process until the silicon-based ceramic core slurry for photocuring is obtained;
(7) establishing a complex double-wall silicon-based ceramic core three-dimensional model by using an image processing software Autodesk inventor, carrying out slicing processing on the core three-dimensional model by using software Simplify3D, programming a 3D printing path G code into an STL format by using C + +, then placing the photocuring silicon-based ceramic core slurry prepared in the step (6) and having high solid content, high printing performance, high reaction efficiency and more stable and excellent flow settling property into a receiving port of photocuring equipment, and leading an operation program into an STL format file to print a silicon-based ceramic core biscuit by using the photocuring 3D equipment;
(8) and (4) cleaning, drying and sintering the silicon-based ceramic core biscuit printed in the step (7) to obtain the final complex double-wall silicon-based ceramic core.
3. The method for degreasing a photo-curable silicon-based ceramic core biscuit for investment casting according to claim 2, wherein the silicon-based ceramic powder accounts for 50-60% of the sum of the silicon-based ceramic powder and the monomer by volume;
the volume ratio of 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) to Hexahydrophthalic Acid Diglycidyl Ester (HADE), 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), Hexahydrophthalic Acid Diglycidyl Ester (HADE) to a dispersant is (6-6.5): (2.5-3.0): (0.5 to 1.5);
the cross-linking agent is selected from ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PPTTA), and 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) in mass ratio: ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PPTTA) (5-10): 1;
the dispersing agent is 1.0-2.0% of the total mass of the silicon-based ceramic core slurry for photocuring, and is prepared by mixing dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (DPHA), sodium polyacrylate, ammonium polyacrylate and oleic acid in a mass ratio of (10-20) to (2-4) to 1: 1;
the photoinitiator is 3 to 6 percent of the total mass of the silicon-based ceramic core slurry for photocuring, and the photoinitiator is a mixture of 2,4, 6-trimethylbenzoyl diphenyl phosphine oxide and triaryl sulfonium salt;
the mineralizer is a mixture of alumina and zirconia with the total mass of 5-12% of the silicon-based ceramic powder, and the viscosity and the performance of the slurry are regulated and controlled; the granularity of the alumina is 20nm to 40nm or 100 to 300 mu m, and the granularity of the zirconia is 20 to 40 nm.
4. The method for degreasing a photo-curable silicon-based ceramic core biscuit for investment casting according to claim 2, wherein in the step (6), the rotation speed of the stirrer is gradually adjusted during stirring until the photo-curable silicon-based ceramic core slurry is obtained; wherein the solid content range is 50-60 vol%, the reaction efficiency is 5-15 s for single-layer curing time, the silicon-based ceramic core slurry can not be layered in the printing process, good fluidity is presented at the discharge port, and the shear rate is 100s-1Viscosity of the slurry in the state<5.5Pa·s。
5. The method for degreasing the photo-cured silicon-based ceramic core biscuit for investment casting according to claim 2, wherein in the step (8), the cleaned silicon-based ceramic core biscuit is placed in a drying agent polyethylene glycol for 8-10 hours, sufficient chemical drying treatment is carried out, the silicon-based ceramic core biscuit is taken out, washed clean in water and then placed in a drying box, and the silicon-based ceramic core biscuit is completely dried.
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| CN114149253A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-03-08 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Photocuring 3D printing low-sintering-shrinkage ceramic core and preparation method thereof |
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