CN108448892B - Quadratic form is many times presses unit DC-DC converter for photovoltaic system - Google Patents

Quadratic form is many times presses unit DC-DC converter for photovoltaic system Download PDF

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CN108448892B
CN108448892B CN201810328581.XA CN201810328581A CN108448892B CN 108448892 B CN108448892 B CN 108448892B CN 201810328581 A CN201810328581 A CN 201810328581A CN 108448892 B CN108448892 B CN 108448892B
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diode
capacitor
voltage
inductor
respectively connected
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CN108448892A (en
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林明耀
艾建
刘同民
陈云琦
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Southeast University
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Southeast University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/1552—Boost converters exploiting the leakage inductance of a transformer or of an alternator as boost inductor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a quadratic multi-voltage unit DC-DC converter for a photovoltaic system, which integrates a boosting unit structure of a multi-voltage unit and is in phase with a traditional boosting converterThe boosting performance is improved; compared with a boosting unit with a traditional voltage-multiplying unit structure, the converter has superior boosting voltage performance along with the increase of the duty ratio. The invention also integrates a quadratic booster circuit structure, the voltage gain is further improved, the number of the switching tubes S is not increased, the control difficulty of the system is not increased, and the switching tubes S and the output rectifier diodes D are integratedoIs not affected. In addition, the invention also integrates a leakage inductance clamping circuit structure, so that the energy of the leakage inductance of the coupling inductor has a released loop on the basis of improving the boosting capacity of the converter by using the coupling inductor, thereby avoiding the circuit resonance problem caused by the energy of the leakage inductance and simultaneously improving the efficiency of the circuit.

Description

Quadratic form is many times presses unit DC-DC converter for photovoltaic system
Technical Field
The invention relates to a DC-DC converter, in particular to a quadratic multi-voltage unit DC-DC converter for a photovoltaic system.
Background
With the gradual depletion of traditional fossil energy and the increasing deterioration of human living environment, the development of clean renewable energy has been in the forefront, and all countries in the world are dedicated to research and development of new energy application, wherein solar energy and wind energy are widely applied. However, for these systems, how to operate in a grid-connected manner and meet the high voltage requirements in the power grid still remains the most important issue. A number of BOOST converters are currently being developed to meet these applications, and in various converters, conventional BOOST converters can theoretically increase the voltage gain by increasing the duty cycle. In practice, however, very high voltage gain cannot be achieved due to the limitations of parasitic parameters. If a cascade topology structure is adopted, the problem of low efficiency caused by the increase of the number of devices is highlighted.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a cascade type multi-bootstrap DC-DC converter for a photovoltaic system, which can improve the efficiency and the gain ratio.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention is as describedA quadratic multiple voltage unit DC-DC converter for photovoltaic system comprises an input power supply VinInput power supply VinPositive electrode of (2) is connected with an inductor L1One terminal of (1), inductance L1The other ends of the two are respectively connected with a fly-wheel diode D1Anode and freewheeling diode D2Anode of (2), freewheeling diode D1The cathodes of the two are respectively connected with a primary winding L of a coupling inductor2One terminal of (1), a capacitor C1And a freewheeling diode D5Coupled to the primary winding L of the inductor2The other ends of the two capacitors are respectively connected with a capacitor C4One terminal of (D), a freewheeling diode D2And the drain electrode of the switching tube S, and a capacitor C4The other ends of the two are respectively connected with a fly-wheel diode D5Cathode and capacitor C3And a freewheeling diode D4Anode of (2), capacitor C3The other ends of the two are respectively connected with a fly-wheel diode D3Anode of and secondary winding L of coupling inductor3Coupled to the secondary winding L of the inductor3The other ends of the two are respectively connected with a fly-wheel diode D4Cathode and capacitor C2One terminal of (C), a capacitor2The other ends of the two are respectively connected with a fly-wheel diode D3Cathode and output rectifier diode DoAnode of (2), output rectifying diode DoRespectively connected with output capacitors CoOne terminal of the load resistor R, and an output capacitor CoThe other end of the load resistor R, the source electrode of the switching tube S and the capacitor C1The other ends of the two ends are respectively connected with an input power supply VinThe negative electrode of (1).
Further, a clamping diode D is also includedbClamping diode DbAnode of (2) is connected with a freewheeling diode D5Cathode of (2), clamping diode DbCathode of (2) is connected with a freewheeling diode D4Of (2) an anode. Is a primary winding L of a coupling inductor2The energy of the transformer provides a circulating way, and the problem of circuit resonance caused by leakage inductance of a primary winding of the coupling inductor is solved. The working efficiency of the circuit is improved.
Further, the device also comprises a clamping capacitor CbClamping capacitor CbOne end of which is connected with a capacitor C1One terminal of (C), a clamping capacitorbThe other end of the first diode is connected with a freewheeling diode D4Of (2) an anode. Clamping capacitor CbAnd a clamping diode DbThe leakage inductance energy of the primary winding of the coupling inductor is stored and released to a load, and the efficiency of the circuit is improved.
Has the advantages that: the invention discloses a quadratic multi-voltage unit DC-DC converter for a photovoltaic system, which has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
1) the boost unit structure of the multi-time-compression unit is fused, and compared with the traditional boost converter, the boost performance is improved; compared with a boosting unit with a traditional voltage-multiplying unit structure, the converter has superior boosting voltage performance along with the increase of the duty ratio;
2) the invention integrates a quadratic booster circuit structure, the voltage gain is further improved, the number of the switching tubes S is not increased, the control difficulty of the system is not increased, and the switching tubes S and the output rectifier diodes D are integratedoThe electrical stress of the device is not affected;
3) the invention integrates the leakage inductance clamping circuit structure, and enables the leakage inductance energy of the coupling inductor to have a release loop on the basis of improving the boost capability of the converter by using the coupling inductor, thereby avoiding the circuit resonance problem caused by the leakage inductance energy and simultaneously improving the efficiency of the circuit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a boost converter in a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a boost converter in a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a boost converter in a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a boost converter in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an equivalent diagram of a first switching mode of the boost converter in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an equivalent diagram of a second switching mode of the boost converter in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an equivalent diagram of a third switching mode of the boost converter in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an equivalent diagram of a fourth switching mode of the boost converter in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an equivalent diagram of a fifth switching mode of the boost converter in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 shows the voltage across the drain-source of the switching tube S of the boost converter, the output voltage VoAnd an output rectifier diode DoA waveform diagram of the current of (a);
FIG. 11 is a diagram of the primary winding L of the coupling inductor and the voltage across the S drain-source of the switching tube of the boost converter in the second embodiment of the present invention2Primary winding L of current and coupling inductor2A waveform plot of the voltage across;
FIG. 12 shows the voltage across the S drain-source of the switch tube of the boost converter and the capacitor C in the second embodiment of the present invention2Current and capacitance C4A waveform diagram of the current of (a);
FIG. 13 shows the voltage across the drain and source of the switching transistor S of the boost converter, the freewheeling diode D, in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention3Current and freewheeling diode D5Waveform diagram of the current.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
The first embodiment of the invention discloses a quadratic form multiple voltage unit DC-DC converter for a photovoltaic system, which comprises an input power supply V as shown in figure 1inInput power supply VinPositive electrode of (2) is connected with an inductor L1One terminal of (1), inductance L1The other ends of the two are respectively connected with a fly-wheel diode D1Anode and freewheeling diode D2Anode of (2), freewheeling diode D1The cathodes of the two are respectively connected with a primary winding L of a coupling inductor2One terminal of (1), a capacitor C1And a freewheeling diodeD5Coupled to the primary winding L of the inductor2The other ends of the two capacitors are respectively connected with a capacitor C4One terminal of (D), a freewheeling diode D2And the drain electrode of the switching tube S, and a capacitor C4The other ends of the two are respectively connected with a fly-wheel diode D5Cathode and capacitor C3And a freewheeling diode D4Anode of (2), capacitor C3The other ends of the two are respectively connected with a fly-wheel diode D3Anode of and secondary winding L of coupling inductor3Coupled to the secondary winding L of the inductor3The other ends of the two are respectively connected with a fly-wheel diode D4Cathode and capacitor C2One terminal of (C), a capacitor2The other ends of the two are respectively connected with a fly-wheel diode D3Cathode and output rectifier diode DoAnode of (2), output rectifying diode DoRespectively connected with output capacitors CoOne terminal of the load resistor R, and an output capacitor CoThe other end of the load resistor R, the source electrode of the switching tube S and the capacitor C1The other ends of the two ends are respectively connected with an input power supply VinThe negative electrode of (1).
The second embodiment of the present invention is to add a clamping diode D to the first embodimentbAnd a clamp capacitor CbAs shown in fig. 2, a clamping diode DbAnode of (2) is connected with a freewheeling diode D5Cathode of (2), clamping diode DbCathode of (2) is connected with a freewheeling diode D4The anode of (1); clamping capacitor CbOne end of which is connected with a capacitor C1One terminal of (C), a clamping capacitorbThe other end of the first diode is connected with a freewheeling diode D4Of (2) an anode.
The switch tube S is a MOSFET or an IGBT.
FIG. 3 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of a boost converter according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which a primary winding L of a coupling inductor is provided2The equivalent circuit of (1) is leakage inductance LKAnd an excitation inductance LMIdeal number of turns of primary transformer N1Ideal number of turns N for secondary transformer2. Current of input power is iinThe voltage of the input power is VinInductance L1Current is
Figure BDA0001627281900000031
Inductor L1A voltage of both sides of
Figure BDA0001627281900000032
Coupled inductor primary winding excitation inductor LMCurrent of
Figure BDA0001627281900000033
Coupled inductor primary winding excitation inductor LMA voltage of both sides of
Figure BDA0001627281900000034
Coupled inductor primary winding leakage inductance LKCurrent of
Figure BDA0001627281900000035
Coupled inductor primary winding leakage inductance LKA voltage of both sides of
Figure BDA0001627281900000041
Secondary winding L of coupling inductor3Current of
Figure BDA0001627281900000042
Secondary winding L of coupling inductor3A voltage of both sides of
Figure BDA0001627281900000043
Output rectifier diode DoCurrent of
Figure BDA0001627281900000044
Output rectifier diode DoA voltage across is
Figure BDA0001627281900000045
The current flowing through the switching tube S is iSThe voltage across the switching tube S is VSDiode DbCurrent of
Figure BDA0001627281900000046
Diode DbTwo endsAt a voltage of
Figure BDA0001627281900000047
Diode D1Current of
Figure BDA0001627281900000048
Diode D1A voltage across is
Figure BDA0001627281900000049
Diode D2Current of
Figure BDA00016272819000000410
Diode D2A voltage across is
Figure BDA00016272819000000411
Diode D3Current of
Figure BDA00016272819000000412
Diode D3A voltage across is
Figure BDA00016272819000000413
Diode D4Current of
Figure BDA00016272819000000414
Diode D4A voltage across is
Figure BDA00016272819000000415
Diode D5Current of
Figure BDA00016272819000000416
Diode D5A voltage across is
Figure BDA00016272819000000417
Capacitor CbCurrent of
Figure BDA00016272819000000418
Capacitor CbA voltage across isCapacitor C1Current of
Figure BDA00016272819000000420
Capacitor C1A voltage across is
Figure BDA00016272819000000421
Capacitor C2Current of
Figure BDA00016272819000000422
Capacitor C2A voltage across is
Figure BDA00016272819000000423
Capacitor C3Current of
Figure BDA00016272819000000424
Capacitor C3A voltage across is
Figure BDA00016272819000000425
Capacitor C4Current of
Figure BDA00016272819000000426
Capacitor C4A voltage across is
Figure BDA00016272819000000427
Output capacitor CoCurrent of
Figure BDA00016272819000000428
Output capacitor CoA voltage across is
Figure BDA00016272819000000429
The current of the load resistor R is io。
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the boost converter. The working process of the boost converter is divided into 5 switching modes, namely a first switching mode to a fifth switching mode, and the resistor R is a load, which is described in detail as follows:
first switching mode, corresponding to [ t ] in FIG. 40,t1]: FIG. 5 shows an equivalent circuit including a switching tube S and a freewheeling diode D2Freewheel diode D5And an output diode DoConduction and current flow path are shown in FIG. 5, and power is supplied to the inductor L1Charging, inductance L1Storing energy while a capacitor C1Primary winding L for coupling inductance2And a capacitor C4Secondary winding L of simultaneous charging and coupling inductor3Through an output diode DoCapacitor C2Capacitor C3A clamp capacitor CbAnd a capacitor C1The formed loop flows to the output capacitor CoAnd a load R.
Second switching mode, corresponding to [ t ] in FIG. 41,t2]: equivalent circuit fig. 6 shows a switching tube S and a freewheeling diode D2Freewheel diode D3Freewheel diode D5And a freewheeling diode D4Conduction, the current flow path is as shown in fig. 6, the power supply continues to supply the inductor L1Charging, inductance L1Continuing to store energy, capacitor C1Continue to supply the primary winding L of the coupling inductor2And a capacitor C4Primary winding L of coupling inductor capable of charging simultaneously2The voltage rises while coupling the secondary winding L of the inductor3The voltage rises and the secondary winding L of the inductor is coupled3Through a freewheeling diode D3And a freewheeling diode D4Capacitor C2And a capacitor C3Charging and output capacitor CoDischarging to the load R.
The third switching mode, corresponding to [ t ] in FIG. 42,t3]: equivalent circuit shown in FIG. 7, the switching tube S is at t2Time-off, while freewheeling diode D1And an output diode DoAnd a clamping diode DbTurn-on, freewheel diode D2And a freewheeling diode D5Turn-off, current flow path is shown in fig. 7, power supply and inductor L1Capacitor C1Charging and coupling inductor primary winding leakage inductance LKEnergy passing through clamping diode DbAnd clamping powerContainer CbThe formed loop releases and couples the secondary winding L of the inductor3Through a freewheeling diode D4And a freewheeling diode D3Discharge to the output capacitor CoAnd a load R.
Fourth switching mode, corresponding to [ t ] in FIG. 43,t4]: in the equivalent circuit shown in FIG. 8, the switch tube S is kept off and the freewheeling diode D1And a clamping diode DbContinued turn-on, freewheeling diode D3And a freewheeling diode D4Turning off, the current flow path is shown in FIG. 8, the power supply, the inductor L1Primary winding L of coupled inductor2Secondary winding L of coupled inductor3Capacitor C2Capacitor C4And a capacitor C3Discharge to load R together with capacitor C1And an output capacitor CoAnd (6) charging. Coupled inductor primary winding leakage inductance LKEnergy passing through clamping diode DbAnd a clamp capacitor CbThe formed loop is released.
Fifth switching mode, corresponding to [ t ] in FIG. 44,t5]: FIG. 9 shows an equivalent circuit in which the switching tube is turned off and the freewheeling diode D is turned on1And an output rectifier diode DoContinuing to turn on, clamping diode DbTurn-off, freewheeling diode D2Freewheel diode D5And a freewheeling diode D3The switch-off is continued, the current flow path is as shown in fig. 9, the power supply and the inductor L1Secondary winding L of coupled inductor3A clamp capacitor CbCapacitor C3And a capacitor C2Simultaneously discharging energy to the load and to the capacitor C1And an output capacitor CoCharging while coupling inductor leakage inductance LKThe energy release is finished.
The gain expression from the above analysis is:
Figure BDA0001627281900000051
wherein D is the duty ratio of the switching tube S, N is the turn ratio of the primary side and the secondary side of the coupling inductor, and K is the coupling coefficient of the coupling inductor.
When the converter works according to the first switching mode to the fifth switching mode, the leakage-source voltage of a switching tube S and a primary winding L of a coupling inductor in the circuit2Two-terminal voltage and current output rectifier diode DoCurrent, output voltage, freewheel diode D3Current, freewheel diode D5Current, capacitance C2Current and capacitance C4The waveform of the current of (a) is specifically described as follows:
in FIG. 10, the input voltage Vin24V, output voltage Vo380V, the voltage difference V between the drain and the source of the switch tube SDSHas a vertical coordinate of 50V/cell and an output diode DoCurrent of
Figure BDA0001627281900000052
Ordinate of 2.5A/cell, output voltage VoThe ordinate is 100 volts per cell.
In FIG. 11, the input voltage Vin24V, output voltage Vo380V, the voltage difference V between the drain and the source of the switch tube SDSHas a vertical coordinate of 50V/unit grid, and is coupled with a primary winding L of the inductor2Voltage of
Figure BDA0001627281900000053
Primary winding L of coupling inductor with ordinate of 50V/unit grid2Current of
Figure BDA0001627281900000054
The ordinate is 5 ampere per cell.
In FIG. 12, the input voltage Vin24V, output voltage Vo380V, the voltage difference V between the drain and the source of the switch tube SDSHas a vertical coordinate of 50V/cell, a capacitance C2Current of
Figure BDA0001627281900000061
Ordinate 2.5A/cell, capacitance C4Current of
Figure BDA0001627281900000062
The ordinate is 10 amps/cell.
In FIG. 13, the input voltage Vin24V, output voltage Vo380V, the voltage difference V between the drain and the source of the switch tube SDSHas a vertical coordinate of 50V/cell, diode D3Current of
Figure BDA0001627281900000063
Ordinate 2.5A/cell, diode D5Current of
Figure BDA0001627281900000064
The ordinate is 5 ampere per cell.

Claims (1)

1. A quadratic form multiple voltage unit DC-DC converter for a photovoltaic system is characterized in that: comprising an input source VinInput power supply VinPositive electrode of (2) is connected with an inductor L1One terminal of (1), inductance L1The other ends of the two are respectively connected with a fly-wheel diode D1Anode and freewheeling diode D2Anode of (2), freewheeling diode D1The cathodes of the two are respectively connected with a primary winding L of a coupling inductor2One terminal of (1), a capacitor C1And a freewheeling diode D5Coupled to the primary winding L of the inductor2The other ends of the two capacitors are respectively connected with a capacitor C4One terminal of (D), a freewheeling diode D2And the drain electrode of the switching tube S, and a capacitor C4The other ends of the two are respectively connected with a fly-wheel diode D5Cathode and capacitor C3And a freewheeling diode D4Anode of (2), capacitor C3The other ends of the two are respectively connected with a fly-wheel diode D3Anode of and secondary winding L of coupling inductor3Coupled to the secondary winding L of the inductor3The other ends of the two are respectively connected with a fly-wheel diode D4Cathode and capacitor C2One terminal of (C), a capacitor2The other ends of the two are respectively connected with a fly-wheel diode D3Cathode and output rectifier diode DoAnode of (2), output rectifying diode DoRespectively connected with output capacitors CoOne terminal of the load resistor R, and an output capacitor CoThe other end of the load resistor R, the source electrode of the switching tube S and the capacitor C1The other ends of the two ends are respectively connected with an input power supply VinThe negative electrode of (1); further comprises a clamping diode DbClamping diode DbAnode of (2) is connected with a freewheeling diode D5Cathode of (2), clamping diode DbCathode of (2) is connected with a freewheeling diode D4The anode of (1); further comprises a clamping capacitor CbClamping capacitor CbOne end of which is connected with a capacitor C1One terminal of (C), a clamping capacitorbThe other end of the first diode is connected with a freewheeling diode D4Of (2) an anode.
CN201810328581.XA 2018-04-13 2018-04-13 Quadratic form is many times presses unit DC-DC converter for photovoltaic system Expired - Fee Related CN108448892B (en)

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CN102684482A (en) * 2012-05-30 2012-09-19 安徽工业大学 Single-switch high-gain direct current boost converter
CN203590031U (en) * 2013-11-14 2014-05-07 华南理工大学 DC-DC converter realizing high-efficiency high-gain low-voltage current stress

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CN102684482A (en) * 2012-05-30 2012-09-19 安徽工业大学 Single-switch high-gain direct current boost converter
CN203590031U (en) * 2013-11-14 2014-05-07 华南理工大学 DC-DC converter realizing high-efficiency high-gain low-voltage current stress

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