CN108445201B

CN108445201B - Blood routine specimen detection method

Info

Publication number: CN108445201B
Application number: CN201810224702.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴昊; 孙韬; 李琳; 吴伟祥; 韦邦国; 张书贤
Original assignee: First Hospital Jinlin University
Current assignee: First Hospital Jinlin University
Priority date: 2018-03-19
Filing date: 2018-03-19
Publication date: 2020-01-10
Anticipated expiration: 2038-03-19
Also published as: CN108445201A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical treatment, in particular to a blood routine specimen detection method, which comprises the following steps: filling the collected blood into a specimen bottle and sealing the opening of the specimen bottle; placing the specimen bottle into a specimen preservation box for low-temperature refrigeration; conveying the specimen storage box to a blood routine detection unit, and detecting the blood specimen in the specimen storage box by the blood routine detection unit; the blood routine detection unit gives a blood detection report according to the detection result; the specimen storage box comprises a fixing mechanism, the blood routine specimen is positioned in the fixing mechanism, the fixing mechanism is filled with water, and the blood routine specimen is positioned in the water; the bottom of fixed establishment installs the semiconductor refrigeration piece, and the semiconductor refrigeration piece is connected with control mechanism, and the lateral wall installation heating mechanism of fixed establishment, and heating mechanism is connected with control mechanism, crosses when the inside temperature of water and hangs down, and control mechanism opens heating mechanism and makes the temperature rise, makes the conventional sample of blood be in suitable temperature.

Description

Blood routine specimen detection method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical treatment, in particular to a blood routine specimen detection method.

Background

Blood routine is the most general and basic blood test. Blood consists of two major parts, liquid and shaped cells, and the blood is routinely examined for the cellular part of the blood. Blood has three different functional cells-erythrocytes (commonly called erythrocytes), leukocytes (commonly called leukocytes), platelets. Diseases are judged by observing the quantitative change and the morphological distribution. Is one of the commonly used auxiliary examination means for doctors to diagnose the state of illness.

In the process of transporting the conventional blood specimen, the conventional blood specimen is taken out from the interior of the incubator, so that the environment around the conventional blood specimen is changed, bacteria in the conventional blood specimen are rapidly increased due to overhigh temperature, the conventional blood specimen is deteriorated, and when the temperature is too low, the activity of protein in the conventional blood specimen is weakened, so that the accuracy of the conventional blood specimen is influenced.

(1) According to the method for detecting the conventional blood specimen, the conventional blood specimen is fixed in the fixing mechanism, the fixing mechanism is filled with water, the conventional blood specimen is located in the water, the specific heat capacity of the water is large, and the temperature around the conventional blood specimen cannot change too much.

(2) According to the blood routine specimen detection method, the semiconductor refrigeration piece is installed at the bottom end of the fixing mechanism and connected with the control mechanism, and when the temperature in the water body rises, the control mechanism opens the semiconductor refrigeration piece for refrigeration, so that the water temperature is reduced.

(3) According to the method for detecting the conventional blood specimen, the heating mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the fixing mechanism and connected with the control mechanism, when the temperature in the water body is too low, the control mechanism opens the heating mechanism to enable the water temperature to rise, and the conventional blood specimen is at the proper temperature, so that the conventional blood specimen is stored for a long time and is convenient to transport.

(4) According to the blood routine specimen detection method, the compression mechanism is arranged in the fixing mechanism, and is compressed to lift the fixing mechanism, so that the blood routine specimen is conveniently taken out from the barrel.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the blood routine specimen is fixed in the fixing mechanism, the fixing mechanism is filled with water, the blood routine specimen is positioned in the water, and the specific heat capacity of the water is large, so that the temperature around the blood routine specimen cannot change too much. Semiconductor refrigeration piece is installed to fixed establishment's bottom, and the semiconductor refrigeration piece is connected with control mechanism, and when the inside temperature of water risees, control mechanism opens the refrigeration of semiconductor refrigeration piece, makes the temperature reduce, and fixed establishment's lateral wall installation heating mechanism, heating mechanism and control mechanism are connected, and is crossed low when the inside temperature of water, and control mechanism opens heating mechanism and makes the temperature rise, and the conventional sample of blood is in suitable temperature, makes the conventional sample of blood preserve for a long time, convenient transportation. The compression mechanism is arranged inside the fixing mechanism, and the fixing mechanism is lifted by compressing the compression mechanism, so that the blood routine specimen is conveniently taken out from the inside of the barrel body.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a blood routine specimen detection method comprises the following steps:

step one, filling collected blood into a specimen bottle and sealing an opening of the specimen bottle;

step two, placing the specimen bottle in the step one into a specimen preservation box for low-temperature refrigeration;

step three, the sample storage box in the step two is conveyed to a blood routine detection unit, and the blood routine detection unit detects the blood sample in the sample storage box;

step four, the routine blood detection unit gives a blood detection report according to the detection result in the step three;

the specimen storage box adopted in the first to third steps comprises a cylinder body, a semiconductor refrigeration piece, a heating mechanism, a compression mechanism, a handle, a cylinder cover, a fixing mechanism, a fixing sleeve, a driving mechanism, an observation mechanism, a sealing mechanism, a contact ball and a control mechanism; the top end of the cylinder body is in threaded connection with the cylinder cover, and the top surface of the cylinder cover is fixedly connected with the handle; the semiconductor refrigeration piece is arranged in the cylinder, the fixed sleeve is arranged on the top surface of the semiconductor refrigeration piece, the fixing mechanism is clamped in the fixed sleeve, the compression mechanism is arranged in the fixing mechanism, and the sealing mechanism is clamped on the top surface of the fixing mechanism; the heating mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the fixing mechanism and is fixed in the barrel; the driving mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the cylinder body and is electrically connected with the semiconductor refrigerating sheet and the heating mechanism; the observation mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the barrel, the bottom end of the observation mechanism is connected with the contact ball, and the contact ball extends into the fixing mechanism; the control mechanism is arranged inside the observation mechanism and electrically connected with the semiconductor refrigeration piece, the heating mechanism and the driving mechanism.

Specifically, the fixing mechanism comprises a fixing box, a through hole, a fixing box and a fixing rod, the fixing box is clamped in the connecting sleeve, and the through holes are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the fixing box; the internally mounted of fixed case is passed fixed box, just the inside sliding connection of fixed box the dead lever is put into the conventional sample detection of blood the inside of dead lever, multiple means is in the conventional sample of blood seals the inside of barrel makes the conventional sample of blood external isolated to the change that the temperature around making the conventional sample of blood does not take place to beat.

Specifically, the compression mechanism comprises a partition plate, a first compression plate, a second compression plate, a connecting sleeve and a screw rod, the partition plate is fixedly connected inside the fixing box, and the side walls of the two ends of the partition plate are respectively connected with the first compression plate and the second compression plate in a sliding manner; the top surface of the fixed box is in threaded connection with the screw rod, the screw rod is in rotary connection with the connecting sleeve, and the connecting sleeve is fixed on the top surface of the first compression plate; the top surface of the second compression plate is fixedly connected with the fixing rod, and the sum of the bottom areas of the partition plate, the first compression plate and the second compression plate is equal to the inner sectional area of the fixing box; the baffle will the fixed box separates, the screw rod rotates downwards, makes first compression board is in the inside decline of fixed box, the compression the inside water of fixed box one side makes the water of fixed box opposite side rises to drive the second compression board rises, the second compression board drives the dead lever is followed the inside of fixed box is stretched out, conveniently follows blood routine sample the inside of dead lever is taken out or is put into.

Specifically, the closing mechanism comprises a first baffle, a second baffle, a torsion spring and a rotating shaft, the top surface of the fixed box is rotatably connected with the first baffle and the second baffle through the rotating shaft, the torsion spring is sleeved on the side wall of the rotating shaft, and the torsion spring is connected with the first baffle and the second baffle; the first baffle and the second baffle with semicircular side walls abut against the fixing rod, and the first baffle and the second baffle are arranged in parallel with the screw rod; in order to facilitate the rotation of the first baffle and the second baffle to seal the top surface of the fixed box, the fixed rod is sealed inside the fixed box.

Specifically, heating mechanism includes foam-rubber cushion and heating coil, the inside wall installation of barrel the foam-rubber cushion with heating coil, the lateral wall of foam-rubber cushion is contradicted fixed case, just heating coil is the spiral and is distributed the inside of barrel, in order to keep the inside temperature of barrel, and in order to rise the temperature that is the limit of barrel.

Specifically, the observation mechanism comprises scale marks and a mercury thermometer, the mercury thermometer is mounted on the side wall of the barrel, and the scale marks are arranged on one side of the mercury thermometer; the bottom intercommunication of mercury thermometer the contact ball, just the contact ball stretches into the inside of fixed box, in order to make things convenient for detection and observation the temperature of the inside water of fixed box.

Specifically, the driving mechanism comprises a storage battery, a connector lug, an indicator light and a switch, and the connector lug, the indicator light and the switch are mounted on the side wall of the bottom end of the barrel; the switch electric connection the semiconductor refrigeration piece with heating coil, switch electric connection the battery, battery electric connection the connector lug with the pilot lamp, for the convenience to the battery is inside to charge, and for the convenience the switch disconnection power.

Specifically, the control mechanism comprises a first metal sheet, a second metal sheet, a buoy and a third metal sheet, the third metal sheet is arranged at the top end inside the mercury thermometer, and the third metal sheet is electrically connected with the semiconductor refrigeration sheet; a first metal sheet is arranged at the bottom end inside the mercury thermometer and is electrically connected with the heating coil; the inside of the mercury thermometer is connected with the buoy in a sliding mode, the side wall of the buoy is provided with second metal sheets distributed at equal intervals, the second metal sheets are electrically connected with a storage battery and abut against the first metal sheets and the third metal sheets, mercury is lifted in the mercury thermometer due to temperature change, the temperature of water in the fixing box rises, the buoy rises along with the mercury, the second metal sheets on the side wall of the buoy abut against the third metal sheets, the semiconductor refrigeration sheet is switched on for refrigeration, and the temperature of the water in the fixing box rises; the temperature of the water body in the fixed box is reduced, the buoy descends along with mercury, the second metal sheet on the side wall of the buoy props against the first metal sheet, the heating coil is powered on to heat, the temperature of the water body in the fixed box is increased, and the blood routine specimen is at an appropriate temperature.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) according to the method for detecting the blood routine specimen, the blood routine specimen is stored in the fixing mechanism, the fixing mechanism is filled with water, the blood routine specimen is located in the water, the specific heat capacity of the water is large, and the temperature around the blood routine specimen cannot change too much.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a storage and transportation apparatus for detecting a blood specimen according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the cartridge shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the fixing mechanism and the compressing mechanism shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the closure mechanism shown in FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the control mechanism shown in fig. 1.

In the figure: 1. the heating device comprises a cylinder body, 2, a semiconductor refrigeration sheet, 3, a heating mechanism, 31, a sponge cushion, 32, a heating coil, 4, a compression mechanism, 41, a partition plate, 42, a first compression plate, 43, a second compression plate, 44, a connecting sleeve, 45, a screw rod, 5, a handle, 6, a cylinder cover, 7, a fixing mechanism, 71, a fixing box, 72, a through hole, 73, a fixing box, 74, a fixing rod, 8, a fixing sleeve, 9, a driving mechanism, 91, a storage battery, 92, a connector lug, 93, an indicator light, 94, a switch, 10, an observation mechanism, 101, a scale mark, 102, a mercury thermometer, 11, a sealing mechanism, 111, a first baffle, 112, a second baffle, 113, a torsion spring, 114, a rotating shaft, 12, a contact ball, 13, a control mechanism, 131, a first metal sheet, 132, a second metal sheet, 133, a buoy, 134 and a third metal sheet.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, the method for detecting a blood routine specimen according to the present invention includes the following steps:

the specimen storage box adopted in the first to third steps comprises a barrel body 1, a semiconductor refrigerating sheet 2, a heating mechanism 3, a compressing mechanism 4, a handle 5, a barrel cover 6, a fixing mechanism 7, a fixing sleeve 8, a driving mechanism 9, an observing mechanism 10, a sealing mechanism 11, a contact ball 12 and a control mechanism 13; the top end of the cylinder body 1 is in threaded connection with the cylinder cover 6, and the top surface of the cylinder cover 6 is fixedly connected with the handle 5; the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 2 is arranged in the barrel 1, the fixed sleeve 8 is arranged on the top surface of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 2, the fixing mechanism 7 is clamped in the fixed sleeve 8, the compression mechanism 4 is arranged in the fixing mechanism 7, and the sealing mechanism 11 is clamped on the top surface of the fixing mechanism 7; the heating mechanism 3 is installed on the side wall of the fixing mechanism 7, and the heating mechanism 3 is fixed in the barrel 1; the driving mechanism 9 is installed on the side wall of the cylinder 1, and the driving mechanism 9 is electrically connected with the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 2 and the heating mechanism 3; the observation mechanism 10 is arranged on the side wall of the barrel 1, the bottom end of the observation mechanism 10 is connected with the contact ball 12, and the contact ball 12 extends into the fixing mechanism 7; the control mechanism 13 is installed inside the observation mechanism 10, and the control mechanism 13 is electrically connected with the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 2, the heating mechanism 3 and the driving mechanism 9.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the method for detecting a blood specimen according to the present invention, the fixing mechanism 7 includes a fixing box 71, a through hole 72, a fixing box 73 and a fixing rod 74, the fixing box 71 is clamped inside the connecting sleeve 8, and the through holes 72 are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the fixing box 71; the fixing box 73 is installed in the fixing box 71, the fixing rod 74 is connected to the fixing box 73 in a sliding mode, a blood routine specimen is detected and placed in the fixing rod 74, the blood routine specimen is sealed in the barrel body 1 through multiple means, the blood routine specimen is isolated from the outside, and therefore the temperature around the blood routine specimen is not changed.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the blood routine sample detection method of the present invention, the compression mechanism 4 includes a partition plate 41, a first compression plate 42, a second compression plate 43, a connection sleeve 44 and a screw 45, the partition plate 41 is fixedly connected to the inside of the fixing box 73, and the side walls of the two ends of the partition plate 41 are respectively connected to the first compression plate 42 and the second compression plate 43 in a sliding manner; the top surface of the fixed box 73 is in threaded connection with the screw 45, the screw 45 is rotatably connected with the connecting sleeve 44, and the connecting sleeve 44 is fixed on the top surface of the first compression plate 42; the top surface of the second compression plate 43 is fixedly connected with the fixing rod 74, and the sum of the bottom areas of the partition plate 41, the first compression plate 42 and the second compression plate 43 is equal to the internal sectional area of the fixing box 73; the fixed box 73 is partitioned by the partition plate 41, the screw 45 rotates downwards, the first compression plate 42 descends in the fixed box 73, water in one side of the fixed box 73 is compressed, water on the other side of the fixed box 73 rises to drive the second compression plate 43 to ascend, the second compression plate 43 drives the fixed rod 74 to extend out of the fixed box 73, and therefore a blood routine specimen can be conveniently taken out of or put into the fixed rod 74.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, in the method for detecting a blood specimen according to the present invention, the sealing mechanism 11 includes a first baffle 111, a second baffle 112, a torsion spring 113 and a rotating shaft 114, the top surface of the fixing box 73 is rotatably connected to the first baffle 111 and the second baffle 112 through the rotating shaft 114, the torsion spring 113 is sleeved on a side wall of the rotating shaft 114, and the torsion spring 113 is connected to the first baffle 111 and the second baffle 112; the first baffle 111 and the second baffle 112 with semicircular side walls abut against the fixing rod 74, and the first baffle 111 and the second baffle 112 are arranged in parallel with the screw rod 45; in order to facilitate the rotation of the first shutter 111 and the second shutter 112 to close the top surface of the fixing case 73, the fixing lever 74 is sealed inside the fixing case 73.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, in the method for detecting a blood specimen according to the present invention, the heating mechanism 3 includes a sponge pad 31 and a heating coil 32, the sponge pad 31 and the heating coil 32 are mounted on the inner side wall of the cylinder 1, the side wall of the sponge pad 31 abuts against the fixing box 71, and the heating coil 32 is spirally distributed inside the cylinder 1, so as to maintain the internal temperature of the cylinder 1 and raise the temperature of the cylinder 1.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, in the method for detecting a blood specimen according to the present invention, the observation mechanism 10 includes a scale mark 101 and a mercury thermometer 102, the mercury thermometer 102 is mounted on a side wall of the cylinder 1, and the scale mark 101 is provided on one side of the mercury thermometer 102; the bottom end of the mercury thermometer 102 is communicated with the contact ball 12, and the contact ball 12 extends into the fixed box 73, so that the temperature of the water body in the fixed box 73 can be conveniently detected and observed.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the method for detecting a blood routine specimen according to the present invention, the driving mechanism 9 includes a storage battery 91, a connector 92, an indicator light 93 and a switch 94, and the connector 92, the indicator light 93 and the switch 94 are mounted on the side wall of the bottom end of the barrel 1; the switch 94 is electrically connected to the semiconductor cooling plate 2 and the heating coil 32, the switch 94 is electrically connected to the storage battery 91, the storage battery 91 is electrically connected to the connector lug 92 and the indicator light 93, so as to facilitate charging the storage battery 91, and the switch 94 is powered off.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, in the method for detecting a blood specimen according to the present invention, the control mechanism 13 includes a first metal sheet 131, a second metal sheet 132, a float 133 and a third metal sheet 134, the third metal sheet 134 is disposed at the top end inside the mercury thermometer 102, and the third metal sheet 134 is electrically connected to the semiconductor cooling plate 2; a first metal sheet 131 is arranged at the bottom end inside the mercury thermometer 102, and the first metal sheet 131 is electrically connected with the heating coil 32; the inside of the mercury thermometer 102 is slidably connected with the buoy 133, the side wall of the buoy 133 is provided with the second metal sheets 132 which are distributed at equal intervals, the second metal sheets 132 are electrically connected with the storage battery 91, the second metal sheets 132 abut against the first metal sheets 131 and the third metal sheets 134, the mercury is lifted in the inside of the mercury thermometer 102 due to temperature change, the temperature of the water body in the fixed box 73 is raised, the buoy 133 rises along with the mercury, and the second metal sheets 132 abut against the third metal sheets 134 on the side wall of the buoy 133, so that the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 2 is powered on for refrigeration, and the temperature of the water body in the fixed box 73 is raised; the temperature of the water inside the fixing box 73 is lowered, the float 133 descends along with the mercury, the second metal sheet 132 on the side wall of the float 133 abuts against the first metal sheet 131, the heating coil 32 is powered on to heat, the temperature of the water inside the fixing box 73 is raised, and the blood routine specimen is at an appropriate temperature.

A connector lug 92 on the side wall of the cylinder 1 is connected with a power supply, an indicator light 93 is turned on to charge a storage battery 91, and after the storage battery 91 is fully charged, a switch 94 is turned on; rotating the cylinder cover 6 to separate the cylinder cover 6 from the cylinder body 1;

(1) the screw rod 45 is rotated downwards, the screw rod 45 rotates the connecting sleeve 44 connected with the top surface of the first compression plate 42, the screw rod 45 descends to drive the first compression plate 42 to slide downwards on the side wall of the partition plate 41, the partition plate 41 divides the fixing box 73 into two halves, the first compression plate 42 descends to compress water on one side of the partition plate 41, so that the water level on the other side of the partition plate 41 rises to drive the second compression plate 43 to slide upwards on the side wall of the partition plate 41; the second compression plate 43 ascends to enable the fixing rod 74 on the top surface of the second compression plate 43 to move upwards, the fixing rod 74 ascends to be abutted against the first baffle plate 111 and the second baffle plate 112, the rotating shaft 114 rotates, the torsion spring 113 exerts force, the fixing rod 74 ascends to push the first baffle plate 111 and the second baffle plate 112 open, the fixing rod 74 is located on the top surface of the fixing box 73, and a test tube with a blood routine sample is placed inside the fixing rod 74; the screw 45 is rotated by the rising of the screw 45, the screw 45 drives the first compression plate 42 to rise, the water level on one side of the first compression plate 42 rises, the water level on one side of the second compression plate 43 falls, the fixing rod 74 falls into the fixing box 73, the torsion spring 113 rotates, the first baffle 111 and the second baffle 112 rotate to seal the top surface of the fixing box 73, and the fixing rod 74 is fixed in the fixing box 73.

(2) A blood routine specimen is placed in the fixing box 73, the cylinder cover 6 is in threaded connection with the cylinder body 1, and the cylinder body 1 is sealed for transportation; when the temperature of the water inside the fixing box 73 rises, mercury inside the mercury thermometer 102 rises, and the mercury drives the buoy 133 to move upwards, so that the second metal sheet 132 on the side wall of the buoy 133 is abutted against the third metal sheet 134 on the top end of the mercury thermometer 102, the semiconductor chilling plate 2 is powered on, and the semiconductor chilling plate 2 is chilled to reduce the temperature of the water inside the fixing box 73; when the temperature of the water body is reduced to a proper temperature, the mercury drives the buoy 133 to descend, so that the second metal sheet 132 and the third metal sheet 134 are separated, the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 2 stops refrigerating, and the power is saved.

(3) When the temperature of the water inside the fixing box 73 is too low, the mercury inside the mercury thermometer 102 drops, and the mercury drives the buoy 133 to move downwards, so that the second metal sheet 132 on the side wall of the buoy 133 is abutted against the first metal sheet 131 at the first end of the mercury thermometer 102, the heating coil 32 is powered on, and the heating coil 32 heats to raise the temperature of the water inside the fixing box 73; when the temperature of the water body rises to the appropriate temperature, the mercury drives the buoy 133 to rise, so that the second metal sheet 132 is separated from the first metal sheet 131, the heating coil 32 stops working, the power supply is saved, the blood routine specimen is always at the appropriate temperature, and the use is convenient.

The fixing mechanism 7 is filled with water, the blood routine specimen is kept in the fixing mechanism 7, the fixing mechanism 7 is positioned in the water, and the specific heat capacity of the water is large, so that the temperature around the blood routine specimen cannot change too much. Semiconductor refrigeration piece 2 is installed to fixed establishment 7's bottom, semiconductor refrigeration piece 2 is connected with control mechanism 13, rise when the inside temperature of water, control mechanism 13 opens the refrigeration of semiconductor refrigeration piece 2, make the temperature reduce, fixed establishment 7's lateral wall installation heating mechanism 3, heating mechanism 3 is connected with control mechanism 13, it is low excessively to cross when the inside temperature of water, control mechanism 13 opens heating mechanism 3 and makes the temperature rise, the conventional sample of blood is in suitable temperature all the time, make the conventional sample of blood preserve for a long time, convenient transportation. The compression mechanism 4 is arranged in the fixing mechanism 7, and the compression mechanism 4 is compressed downwards to enable the fixing mechanism 7 to be lifted, so that the blood routine specimen can be taken out from the barrel body 1 conveniently.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the embodiments and descriptions given above are only illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A method for detecting a blood routine specimen, characterized by comprising the steps of:

the specimen storage box adopted in the first to third steps comprises a barrel body (1), a semiconductor refrigerating sheet (2), a heating mechanism (3), a compressing mechanism (4), a handle (5), a barrel cover (6), a fixing mechanism (7), a fixing sleeve (8), a driving mechanism (9), an observing mechanism (10), a sealing mechanism (11), a contact ball (12) and a control mechanism (13); the top end of the cylinder body (1) is in threaded connection with the cylinder cover (6), and the top surface of the cylinder cover (6) is fixedly connected with the handle (5); the semiconductor refrigeration piece (2) is arranged inside the barrel (1), the fixed sleeve (8) is arranged on the top surface of the semiconductor refrigeration piece (2), the fixing mechanism (7) is clamped inside the fixed sleeve (8), the compression mechanism (4) is arranged inside the fixing mechanism (7), and the sealing mechanism (11) is clamped on the top surface of the fixing mechanism (7); the heating mechanism (3) is installed on the side wall of the fixing mechanism (7), and the heating mechanism (3) is fixed in the barrel (1); the driving mechanism (9) is installed on the side wall of the barrel (1), and the driving mechanism (9) is electrically connected with the semiconductor refrigerating sheet (2) and the heating mechanism (3); the observation mechanism (10) is arranged on the side wall of the barrel (1), the bottom end of the observation mechanism (10) is connected with the contact ball (12), and the contact ball (12) extends into the fixing mechanism (7); the control mechanism (13) is arranged in the observation mechanism (10), and the control mechanism (13) is electrically connected with the semiconductor refrigerating sheet (2), the heating mechanism (3) and the driving mechanism (9);

the fixing mechanism (7) comprises a fixing box (71), a through hole (72), a fixing box (73) and a fixing rod (74), the fixing box (71) is clamped in the connecting sleeve (8), and the through holes (72) are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the fixing box (71); the fixing boxes (73) are arranged in the fixing box (71), and the fixing rods (74) are connected in the fixing boxes (73) in a sliding manner;

the heating mechanism (3) comprises a sponge cushion (31) and a heating coil (32), the sponge cushion (31) and the heating coil (32) are installed on the inner side wall of the barrel body (1), the side wall of the sponge cushion (31) abuts against the fixing box (71), and the heating coil (32) is spirally distributed in the barrel body (1);

the observation mechanism (10) comprises scale marks (101) and a mercury thermometer (102), the mercury thermometer (102) is installed on the side wall of the barrel (1), and the scale marks (101) are arranged on one side of the mercury thermometer (102); the bottom end of the mercury thermometer (102) is communicated with the contact ball (12), and the contact ball (12) extends into the fixing box (73);

the control mechanism (13) comprises a first metal sheet (131), a second metal sheet (132), a buoy (133) and a third metal sheet (134), the third metal sheet (134) is arranged at the top end inside the mercury thermometer (102), and the third metal sheet (134) is electrically connected with the semiconductor refrigeration sheet (2); a first metal sheet (131) is arranged at the bottom end of the inside of the mercury thermometer (102), and the first metal sheet (131) is electrically connected with the heating coil (32); the inside of the mercury thermometer (102) is slidably connected with the buoy (133), the side wall of the buoy (133) is provided with the second metal sheets (132) which are distributed at equal intervals, the second metal sheets (132) are electrically connected with a storage battery (91), and the second metal sheets (132) are abutted against the first metal sheets (131) and the third metal sheets (134);

the compression mechanism (4) comprises a partition plate (41), a first compression plate (42), a second compression plate (43), a connecting sleeve (44) and a screw rod (45), the partition plate (41) is fixedly connected inside the fixing box (73), and the side walls of two ends of the partition plate (41) are respectively connected with the first compression plate (42) and the second compression plate (43) in a sliding manner; the top surface of the fixed box (73) is in threaded connection with the screw rod (45), the screw rod (45) is in rotary connection with the connecting sleeve (44), and the connecting sleeve (44) is fixed on the top surface of the first compression plate (42); the top surface of the second compression plate (43) is fixedly connected with the fixing rod (74), and the sum of the bottom areas of the partition plate (41), the first compression plate (42) and the second compression plate (43) is equal to the internal sectional area of the fixing box (73);

the closing mechanism (11) comprises a first baffle plate (111), a second baffle plate (112), a torsion spring (113) and a rotating shaft (114), the top surface of the fixed box (73) is rotatably connected with the first baffle plate (111) and the second baffle plate (112) through the rotating shaft (114), the torsion spring (113) is sleeved on the side wall of the rotating shaft (114), and the torsion spring (113) is connected with the first baffle plate (111) and the second baffle plate (112); the first baffle (111) and the second baffle (112) with semicircular side walls abut against the fixing rod (74), and the first baffle (111) and the second baffle (112) are arranged in parallel with the screw (45);

the driving mechanism (9) comprises a storage battery (91), a connector lug (92), an indicator light (93) and a switch (94), and the connector lug (92), the indicator light (93) and the switch (94) are mounted on the side wall of the bottom end of the barrel body (1); the switch (94) is electrically connected with the semiconductor refrigeration piece (2) and the heating coil (32), the switch (94) is electrically connected with the storage battery (91), and the storage battery (91) is electrically connected with the connector lug (92) and the indicator light (93).