CN108445058B - Multiferroic liquid physical property testing device - Google Patents
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- CN108445058B CN108445058B CN201810186510.0A CN201810186510A CN108445058B CN 108445058 B CN108445058 B CN 108445058B CN 201810186510 A CN201810186510 A CN 201810186510A CN 108445058 B CN108445058 B CN 108445058B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multiferroic liquid physical property testing device, which comprises a testing container, wherein the testing container comprises an annular middle layer and two electrodes respectively positioned at two sides of the middle layer, the two electrodes and the middle layer are surrounded to form a sealing structure with a containing cavity, the middle layer is provided with a closable liquid inlet hole and a closable air outlet hole, and the liquid inlet hole and the air outlet hole are communicated with the containing cavity; the interlayer is made of insulating materials, the electrodes are sheet-shaped, and a non-magnetic transparent conductive material is adopted. The device for testing the physical characteristics of the multiferroic liquid has novel structure, ingenious design and easy realization, and can accurately test the magnetic property, the electrical property, the optical property and the multifield coupling effect of the multiferroic liquid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of performance testing of multiferroic liquid materials, and particularly relates to a device for testing physical properties of multiferroic liquid.
Background
With the rapid development of global informatization and the arrival of big data age, the continuously generated information volume is increased explosively, and a serious challenge is provided for the storage capacity (capacity and read-write speed) of data. Magnetic storage is currently the most important storage technology, and how to increase the access speed is an important problem currently faced due to the fact that the storage speed has been approaching a limit due to the principle of 'magnetic writing and magnetic reading' and the limitation of microelectronic technology. Therefore, the research and development of a novel read-write technology has become an important trend of domestic and foreign research. Among the numerous read-write techniques, the "electro-write magnetic read" technique utilizing the magneto-electric coupling effect of multiferroic materials has been attracting attention due to its advantages of high speed, low power consumption, non-volatility, and the like.
The magnetic/ferroelectric change can be effectively regulated by regulating and controlling the composition of the magnetic core/ferroelectric shell material, the electric/magnetic field and other factors, so that the magneto-electric coupling coefficient is increased. Although enhancement of the magneto-electric coupling effect of the core-shell structure is achieved by regulating the variation of the magnetic/polarization, the coupling (induced magnetic/polarization) mechanism of the structure determines that the magnetic/polarization direction is difficult to change. If the magnetic/polarization direction can be regulated and controlled by the external field, the magneto-electric coupling effect can be greatly improved.
We found in the study that: the magnetic particles in the liquid can rotate along with the direction of the external magnetic field, and the magnetization direction of the magnetic particles correspondingly changes. In addition, the ferroelectric particles in the liquid can move and change the polarization direction under the action of an external electric field. Based on the above, we consider that the composite particles with the ferromagnetic-ferroelectric core-shell structure are dispersed in the liquid to form a multiferroic liquid, and the characteristic that the ferromagnetic-ferroelectric particles in the liquid can change the magnetic/polarization direction under the action of the magnetic/electric field is utilized to realize the effective regulation and control of the electric/magnetic field on the magnetic/polarization direction so as to obtain a strong magneto-electric coupling effect.
In addition, the conversion of the particle state in the liquid can be used for storing data, and the liquid HDD hard disk with large capacity and low cost can be manufactured. Compared with solid multiferroic materials, the multiferroic liquid has the following characteristics: 1. the multiferroic material has fluidity and is amorphous in morphology; 2. the multiferroic particles have ferroelectricity and magnetism at the same time, so the particles with multiferroic properties can rotate under the action of an electric field or a magnetic field, and the coercive field of the particles in liquid is smaller, and the particles are easier to turn under the action of the electric field or the magnetic field due to Brownian motion. 3. Under the action of an electric field or a magnetic field, the electric domains in the solid multiferroic material can only be oriented in certain directions close to the direction of the electric field, and are not necessarily oriented in the direction of the electric field, but in the case of ferroelectric liquid, the ferroelectric particles can freely rotate in the liquid, so that the electric domains can be oriented completely in the direction of the electric field.
Although multiferroic liquids possess many unique electrical, magnetic, hydrodynamic, optical and acoustic properties, while multiferroic liquids possess both the magnetoelectric properties of solid multiferroic materials and the flowability of the liquid. Therefore, measuring the properties of multiferroic liquids requires measuring not only the electrical properties but also the magnetic properties, while also considering the fluidity of the liquid. Therefore, the measuring device for the normal solid material cannot be handled as it is. However, there is currently no device capable of testing the electrical, magnetic, optical properties and magneto-electric coupling effects of multiferroic liquids. Solving the above problems is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a device for testing physical properties of multiferroic liquid, which can be used for testing the magnetic property, the electrical property, the optical property and the multifield coupling effect of multiferroic liquid.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a multiferroic liquid physical properties testing arrangement, includes the test container, its main points lie in: the test container comprises an annular middle layer and two electrodes respectively positioned at two sides of the middle layer, a sealing structure with a containing cavity is formed by surrounding the two electrodes and the middle layer, a closable liquid inlet hole and a closable air outlet hole are formed in the middle layer, and the liquid inlet hole and the air outlet hole are communicated with the containing cavity; the interlayer is made of insulating materials, the electrodes are sheet-shaped, and a non-magnetic transparent conductive material is adopted.
By adopting the structure, the multiferroic liquid to be detected is injected from the liquid inlet hole, the gas in the accommodating cavity is discharged from the gas outlet hole, after the accommodating cavity is filled with the multiferroic liquid, the multiferroic liquid can be stopped from being injected, the liquid inlet hole and the gas outlet hole are blocked, and then the multiferroic liquid is tested for magnetic property, electrical property, optical property and multifield coupling effect through the two electrodes.
As preferable: the liquid inlet holes and the air outlet holes are all positioned at the same end of the middle layer and are consistent in height. By adopting the structure, the accommodating cavity is ensured to be completely filled with multiferroic liquid, and no gas is generated, so that the accuracy of a test result is ensured.
As preferable: the test container is provided with a magnetic performance test assembly, an electrical performance test assembly, an optical performance test assembly and a thermal performance test assembly; when the electro-optical coupling effect needs to be tested, the electrical performance testing component and the optical performance testing component are started; when the magneto-electric coupling effect needs to be tested, the magnetic performance testing component and the electrical performance testing component are started; when magneto-optical coupling effect needs to be tested, the magnetic performance testing component and the optical performance testing component are started; when magneto-optic coupling effect needs to be tested, starting the magnetic performance testing assembly, the electrical performance testing assembly and the optical performance testing assembly; when the magneto-optical-thermal coupling effect needs to be tested, the magnetic performance testing component, the electrical performance testing component, the optical performance testing component and the thermal performance testing component are started. By adopting the structure, the electro-optical coupling effect, the magneto-optical thermal coupling effect and the like of the multiferroic liquid can be tested through the magnetic property testing component, the electrical property testing component, the optical property testing component and the thermal property testing component, and the multi-field coupling effect is tested.
As preferable: the magnetic performance testing assembly comprises two magnetic poles with opposite magnetism, and the two magnetic poles are oppositely arranged on the outer sides of the two electrodes. The structure is simple and reliable, and easy to implement and adjust, so that a magnetic field is provided for the multiferroic liquid in the accommodating cavity, and the magnetic property of the multiferroic liquid is tested.
As preferable: the electrical performance testing assembly comprises a power supply, wherein the positive electrode of the power supply is electrically connected with one electrode, and the negative electrode of the power supply is electrically connected with the other electrode. The structure is simple and reliable, and is easy to implement and adjust, so that an electric field is provided for multiferroic liquid in the accommodating cavity, and the electrical property of the multiferroic liquid is tested.
As preferable: the optical performance testing component comprises a light source and a light intensity sensing component, and the light source and the light intensity sensing component are oppositely arranged on the outer sides of the two electrodes. The structure is simple and reliable, and the light transmittance of multiferroic liquid in the accommodating cavity is measured easily.
As preferable: the thermal performance testing assembly includes a temperature changing device for changing the temperature of the liquid in the receiving chamber. The structure is simple and reliable, and is easy to implement and adjust so as to measure the thermal property of multiferroic liquid in the accommodating cavity.
As preferable: the two electrodes are respectively connected with a dielectric analyzer. With the structure, the dielectric property of the multiferroic liquid in the accommodating cavity can be measured.
As preferable: the temperature changing mechanism for changing the temperature of the liquid in the accommodating cavity is arranged on the test container. By adopting the structure, the change curve of the contact constant or dielectric loss of the multiferroic liquid in the accommodating cavity along with the temperature can be measured.
As preferable: the two electrodes are respectively connected with a ferroelectric analyzer. By adopting the structure, the electric hysteresis loop or the leakage current density of the multiferroic liquid in the accommodating cavity can be measured.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the device for testing the physical characteristics of the multiferroic liquid has novel structure, ingenious design and easy realization, and can accurately test the magnetic property, the electrical property, the optical property and the multifield coupling effect of the multiferroic liquid.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a test vessel;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of another embodiment of the test container;
fig. 6 shows hysteresis loops of the core-shell multiferroic liquids we prepared after application of different electric fields.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to examples and figures.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, a testing device for physical properties of multiferroic liquid comprises a testing container 1, wherein the testing container 1 comprises an annular middle layer 12 and two electrodes 11 respectively positioned at two sides of the middle layer 12, the two electrodes 11 and the middle layer 12 are surrounded to form a sealing structure with a containing cavity 13, the middle layer 12 is provided with a closable liquid inlet hole 121 and a closable air outlet hole 122, and the liquid inlet hole 121 and the air outlet hole 122 are communicated with the containing cavity 13. The cross section of the middle layer 12 can also be in a closed shape such as rectangle, circle, ellipse and the like, and a sealing structure formed by surrounding the two electrodes 11 and the middle layer 12 is in a box-shaped structure.
Wherein the electrode 11 is sheet-shaped and is made of a non-magnetic transparent conductive material such as transparent conductive glass, preferably ITO glass (indium tin oxide semiconductor transparent conductive glass), FTO conductive glass (fluorine doped SnO) 2 Transparent conductive glass) and the like. The intermediate layer 12 is made of an insulating material, preferably a non-magnetic insulating glue such as epoxy.
The electrode 11 is formed in a sheet shape, preferably having a thickness of 0.5mm and a width of not too wide, preferably not more than 1cm, so as to reduce an error in magnetic measurement. Similarly, to reduce the voltage applied during electrical measurement, the intermediate layer 12 should not be too thick, preferably 0.5mm.
Further, referring to fig. 5, when the electrode 11 is made of conductive glass, the electrode 11 includes a glass layer 11a and a conductive layer 11b disposed on the inner side of the glass layer 11a, so that the conductive layer 11b is disposed on the side of the glass layer 11a near the accommodating chamber 13 because the conductive layer 11b must be in contact with the multiferroic liquid.
Further, to facilitate connection of the conductive layer 11b to the conductive wire 14, at least one outer edge of the electrode 11 protrudes from the intermediate layer 12, so that the conductive layer 11b is exposed.
Referring to fig. 4, in order to ensure that the accommodating cavity is completely filled with the multiferroic liquid and completely free of gas, and ensure the accuracy of the test result, the liquid inlet holes 121 and the air outlet holes 122 are all located at the same end of the middle layer 12 and are consistent in height. When the air outlet 122 starts to discharge, it indicates that the air in the accommodating chamber 13 is exhausted. In this case, in order to secure the sealing property of the test vessel 1, the inlet hole 121 and the outlet hole 122 need to be sealed. Not only can the liquid inlet hole 121 and the air outlet hole 122 be plugged by epoxy resin or glue, but also the liquid inlet hole 121 and the air outlet hole 122 can be plugged by a plug 123. The advantage of plugging by the plug 123 is that the test container 1 can be recycled, so that the test cost is greatly reduced.
Further, referring to fig. 2 to 4, the two electrodes 11 are connected with a conducting wire 14, so as to facilitate subsequent magnetic performance, electrical performance, optical performance and multi-field coupling effect testing.
Referring to fig. 1, the test container 1 is configured with a magnetic performance testing component, an electrical performance testing component, an optical performance testing component, and a thermal performance testing component.
Wherein the thermal performance testing assembly comprises a temperature changing device 6, and the temperature changing device 6 is used for changing the temperature of the multiferroic liquid in the accommodating cavity 13. The temperature changing device 6 is preferably a temperature changing box, and other heating devices can be used, so long as the temperature of the multiferroic liquid in the accommodating cavity 13 can be changed.
The electrical performance testing assembly comprises a power supply 3, a dielectric analyzer (not shown in the figure) and a ferroelectric analyzer (not shown in the figure), wherein the power supply 3 generally adopts an HVPS (high voltage power supply), the positive electrode of the power supply 3 is electrically connected with one electrode 11, and the negative electrode is electrically connected with the other electrode 11.
When the two electrodes 11 are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the dielectric analyzer, respectively, the dielectric properties of the multiferroic liquid in the accommodating chamber 13 can be measured. Further, by changing the temperature of the multiferroic liquid in the accommodating chamber 13 by the temperature changing mechanism (which may be the same member as the temperature changing device 6), the change curve of the dielectric constant or dielectric loss of the multiferroic liquid with temperature can be measured.
When the two electrodes 11 are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the ferroelectric analyzer, the electric hysteresis loop or the leakage current density of the multiferroic liquid in the accommodating cavity 13 can be measured.
The magnetic performance testing assembly comprises two magnetic poles 2 with opposite magnetism, and the two magnetic poles 2 are oppositely arranged on the outer sides of the two electrodes 11. That is, the magnetic pole 2 outside one electrode 11 is an N pole, and the magnetic pole 2 outside the other electrode 11 is an S pole.
The optical performance testing assembly comprises a light source 4 and a light intensity sensing component 5, wherein the light source 4 and the light intensity sensing component 5 are oppositely arranged on the outer sides of the two electrodes 11. The light emitted by the light source 4 is received by the light intensity sensing component 5 after passing through the test container 1, so that the light transmittance of the multiferroic liquid in the test container 1 can be accurately measured.
It should be noted that the two magnetic poles 2 are provided with a through hole 21 at the center of each of the two magnetic poles 2 between the light source 4 and the light intensity sensing member 5 so as to facilitate the passage of light emitted from the light source 4.
When the electro-optical coupling effect needs to be tested, the electrical performance testing component and the optical performance testing component are started, and the two electrodes 11 are connected with the power supply 3, so that the light transmittance of the multiferroic liquid under the action of an electric field, namely the electro-optical coupling effect, can be measured.
When the magneto-electric coupling effect needs to be tested, the magnetic performance testing component and the electrical performance testing component are started, the testing container 1 is arranged between the two magnetic poles 2, and the two electrodes 11 are connected with the power supply 3, so that the magnetism of the multiferroic liquid under the action of an electric field can be measured, and the electrical performance of the multiferroic liquid, namely the magneto-electric coupling effect, can be measured.
When magneto-optical coupling effect is required to be tested, the magnetic performance testing component and the optical performance testing component are started, and the testing container 1 is arranged between the two magnetic poles 2, the light source 4 and the light intensity sensing component 5, so that not only can the magnetism of the multiferroic liquid be measured, but also the optical performance of the multiferroic liquid, namely the magneto-optical coupling effect, can be measured.
When magneto-electric optical coupling effect is required to be tested, the magneto-electric performance testing component, the electrical performance testing component and the optical performance testing component are started, the testing container 1 is arranged between the two magnetic poles 2 and the light source 4 and the light intensity sensing component 5, and the two electrodes 11 are connected with the power supply 3, so that the magnetism of the multiferroic liquid under the action of an electric field can be measured, the electrical performance of the multiferroic liquid can be measured, the light transmittance of the multiferroic liquid can be measured, and the magneto-electric optical coupling effect can be obtained.
When the magneto-electric-thermal coupling effect needs to be tested, the magnetic performance testing component, the electrical performance testing component, the optical performance testing component and the thermal performance testing component are started, the testing container 1 is arranged between the two magnetic poles 2 and the light source 4 and the light intensity sensing component 5, the power supply 3 is also connected to the two electrodes 11, meanwhile, the temperature of the multiferroic liquid in the accommodating cavity 13 is changed through the temperature changing device 6, so that the magnetism of the multiferroic liquid under the action of electric fields at different environment temperatures can be measured, the electrical performance of the multiferroic liquid at different environment temperatures can be measured, and the light transmittance of the multiferroic liquid at different environment temperatures can be measured, so that the magneto-electric optical coupling effect can be obtained.
Referring to fig. 6, hysteresis loops of core-shell multi-iron liquid (other liquid, simply mixed magnetoelectric composite liquid, etc.) prepared after different electric fields are applied are found that the residual magnetization and coercive field can be regulated and controlled by the electric field strength, so that a strong magnetoelectric coupling effect can be obtained, the liquid shows superparamagnetism when no electric field is applied, namely, no residual magnetism and no coercive field exist, and both the residual magnetism and the coercive field are increased after the electric field is applied.
Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and that many similar changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The device for testing the physical properties of the multiferroic liquid comprises a testing container (1), and is characterized in that: the test container (1) comprises an annular middle layer (12) and two electrodes (11) which are respectively positioned at two sides of the middle layer (12), the two electrodes (11) and the middle layer (12) are surrounded to form a sealing structure with a containing cavity (13), the middle layer (12) is provided with a closable liquid inlet hole (121) and a closable air outlet hole (122), and the liquid inlet hole (121) and the air outlet hole (122) are communicated with the containing cavity (13);
the intermediate layer (12) is made of an insulating material, the electrode (11) is sheet-shaped, and a non-magnetic transparent conductive material is adopted;
the test container (1) is provided with a magnetic performance test assembly, an electrical performance test assembly, an optical performance test assembly and a thermal performance test assembly;
when the electro-optical coupling effect needs to be tested, the electrical performance testing component and the optical performance testing component are started; when the magneto-electric coupling effect needs to be tested, the magnetic performance testing component and the electrical performance testing component are started; when magneto-optical coupling effect needs to be tested, the magnetic performance testing component and the optical performance testing component are started; when magneto-optic coupling effect needs to be tested, starting the magnetic performance testing assembly, the electrical performance testing assembly and the optical performance testing assembly; when the magneto-optical-thermal coupling effect needs to be tested, starting the magnetic performance testing assembly, the electrical performance testing assembly, the optical performance testing assembly and the thermal performance testing assembly;
the optical performance testing assembly comprises a light source (4) and a light intensity sensing component (5), wherein the light source (4) and the light intensity sensing component (5) are oppositely arranged at the outer sides of the two electrodes (11);
the two electrodes (11) are respectively connected with a ferroelectric analyzer.
2. The multiferroic liquid physical property testing device according to claim 1, wherein: the liquid inlet hole (121) and the air outlet hole (122) are both positioned at the same end of the middle layer (12) and are consistent in height.
3. The multiferroic liquid physical property testing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the magnetic performance testing assembly comprises two magnetic poles (2) with opposite magnetism, and the two magnetic poles (2) are oppositely arranged on the outer sides of the two electrodes (11).
4. The multiferroic liquid physical property testing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the electrical performance testing assembly comprises a power supply (3), wherein the positive electrode of the power supply (3) is electrically connected with one electrode (11), and the negative electrode of the power supply is electrically connected with the other electrode (11).
5. The multiferroic liquid physical property testing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the thermal performance testing assembly comprises a temperature changing device (6), wherein the temperature changing device (6) is used for changing the temperature of liquid in the accommodating cavity (13).
6. The multiferroic liquid physical property testing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the two electrodes (11) are each connected to a dielectric analyzer.
7. The multiferroic liquid physical property testing device according to claim 6, wherein: the temperature changing mechanism for changing the temperature of the liquid in the accommodating cavity (13) is arranged on the test container (1).
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| 微波烧结制备铁酸铋陶瓷的介电性和铁电性;蔡苇等;《人工晶体学报》;第42卷(第8期);1574-1579+1594 * |
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