CN108444431A - Pipe fitting method for detecting shape based on three installation points - Google Patents
Pipe fitting method for detecting shape based on three installation points Download PDFInfo
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- CN108444431A CN108444431A CN201810222940.3A CN201810222940A CN108444431A CN 108444431 A CN108444431 A CN 108444431A CN 201810222940 A CN201810222940 A CN 201810222940A CN 108444431 A CN108444431 A CN 108444431A
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- pipe fitting
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/20—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring contours or curvatures, e.g. determining profile
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to pipe fitting profile measurement fields, more particularly to the pipe fitting method for detecting shape based on three installation points, include localization method, deviation computational methods and testing requirements based on three installation points.Based on the localization method of three installation points, including three installation points and space-location method.Three installation points refer to three points closely related with installation site：The bending point of contact PTmax of two two endpoint PE of pipe fitting, distance endpoint PE line maximums Lmax.According to pipe fitting installation requirements, accurate detection has been carried out to the axial deviation of pipe fitting, angular deviation, ensure to meet installation specification, it is therefore prevented that the qualified pipe fitting occurred using " optimum fitting method " cannot be satisfied installation requirement phenomenon, improve reliability and credit worthiness.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pipe fitting profile measurement fields, more particularly to the pipe fitting method for detecting shape based on three installation points.
Technical background
Nearly ten years, under the drive of external Digitized Manufacturing Technology, Domestic Aircraft, engine, ship, automobile, industry
The pipe fitting Digitized Manufacturing Technology of equipment is quickly grown, pipe fitting three-dimensional rapid modeling technology, the numerical-control bending process of Facing to Manufacturing
Modeling technique starts to start to apply in all trades and professions, coordinates existing CNC tube bending machine, laser vector measuring machine, realizes pipe fitting
Digitized manufacturing not only substantially reduces the technological preparation time, also optimizes technological parameter, improves product quality.
Currently, in pipe fitting profile measurement, it is first determined the positioning datum of tested pipe fitting 1, then shape is measured, by measured tube
Part is compared with 2 shape of theoretical pipe fitting, is obtained shape deviation, is delivered after qualified.Since pipe fitting cross sectional shape is standard round, shape is inclined
Poor main two endpoint PE for the considering tested pipe fitting 1 and theoretical pipe fitting 2 and spatial position deviation TD for being bent point of contact PT, are shown in Fig. 1.
Since pipe fitting is without explicitly detecting positioning datum point, the positioning datum that different testing staff select when detecting pipe fitting is different,
And with the installation positioning datum disunity of pipe fitting, often occur meeting part deviation requirement pipe fitting and cannot be satisfied installation requirement；No
Installation requirement can but be met by meeting part deviation requirement pipe fitting.Main Analysis is as follows：
（1）Position fixing process when pipe fitting is installed
When pipe fitting is installed, 1 both ends PE of pipe fitting is positioned first with erection joint 3, then holds PE lines vertical range most at two
Positioning checkpoint 4 is installed at a bending point of contact PTmax of big Lmax, completes pipe fitting installment work, Fig. 2.When installation, it is desirable that pipe fitting
Setting angle deviation AA at the PE of end both ends is not more than 3 °, and gap clearance AL is not more than 0.5mm.
（2）Positioning method when pipe fitting piece test
When detecting practical pipe fitting shape deviation, the most commonly used is " optimum fitting method ", small part uses " single-ended positioning mode ".
Optimum fitting method：According to " least square method " principle, calculates and be tested pipe fitting 1 and theory pipe fitting 2 in two-end-point PE, curved
The quadratic sum of distance TD at bent point of contact P is minimum, using minimum state as best fit state, sees Fig. 1, then detect measured tube
The position deviation TD of part 1 and the two endpoint PE and bending point of contact PT of theoretical pipe fitting 2.It, can not when detecting pipe fitting using the method
Specify the detection positioning datum position of pipe fitting, in fact it could happen that qualified pipe fitting cannot be satisfied installation requirement, and it is existing " overproof erroneous judgement " occur
As
Single-ended positioning mode：By being completely superposed for 1 end point PE of tested pipe fitting and theoretical pipe fitting 2, sees Fig. 3, detect the other end successively
The position deviation TD of point PE and bending point of contact PT.When detecting pipe fitting using the method, the pipe fitting of most of long size is likely to occur
Unqualified pipe fitting but meets installation requirement, " qualification erroneous judgement " phenomenon occurs.
Therefore, no matter pipe fitting detected using " optimum fitting method " or " single-ended positioning mode " mode, all do not reflected really
Setting angle deviation, the gap clearance situation of pipe fitting.The present invention is mainly according to the installation positioning scenarios proposition of pipe fitting based on three
The pipe fitting method for detecting shape of a installation point realizes that pipe fitting shape deviation accurately detects, meets installation specification, reduces erroneous judgement
The generation of phenomenon.
Invention content
In order to solve the problems, such as that the pipe fitting shape deviation caused by positioning datum difference is judged by accident, feelings are positioned according to the installation of pipe fitting
Condition proposes a kind of pipe fitting method for detecting shape based on three installation points, realizes that pipe fitting angular deviation, axial deviation are accurately examined
It surveys, meets installation specification, reduce the generation of misjudgment phenomenon.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme：
A kind of pipe fitting method for detecting shape based on three installation points, it is characterised in that：It include the positioning based on three installation points
Method, deviation computational methods and testing requirements.
The localization method based on three installation points, including three installation points and space-location method.
Three installation points refer to three points closely related with installation site：Two endpoint PE of pipe fitting, distance two
The bending point of contact PTmax of endpoint PE line maximums Lmax.
The space-location method, including three steps：The first step determines spatial triangle by three installation points of theoretical pipe fitting
S, and determine the center of gravity G of triangle S；Second step determines spatial triangle S1 by being measured same three installation points of pipe fitting,
And determine the center of gravity G1 of triangle S；Third walks, and rotates simultaneously movable triangular shape S1, makes triangle S and S1 coplanar, G and G1 weights
Conjunction, theory pipe fitting two end point connecting line Line are parallel with tested pipe fitting two end point connecting line Line1, to be realized based on three installation points
It is measured the positioning of pipe fitting and theoretical pipe fitting.
The deviation computational methods include axial deviation, radial missing, angular deviation computational methods.
The axial deviation computational methods are to be tested pipe fitting by after theoretical pipe fitting and the positioning of tested pipe fitting with three installation points
The distance TL of endpoint PE to theoretical pipe fitting end face is axial deviation, similarly determines all bending point of contacts of tested pipe fitting successively
Axial deviation.
The radial missing computational methods are to be tested pipe fitting by after theoretical pipe fitting and the positioning of tested pipe fitting with three installation points
The distance TR of endpoint PE to theoretical pipe fitting end face center line is radial missing, similarly determines all bendings of tested pipe fitting successively
The radial missing at point of contact.
The angular deviation computational methods are to be tested pipe fitting by after theoretical pipe fitting and the positioning of tested pipe fitting with three installation points
End face center line and the angle TA of theoretical pipe fitting end face center line are angular deviation, similarly determine that tested pipe fitting is all successively
It is bent the angular deviation at point of contact.
The testing requirements include detection device, computational accuracy, calculating instrument and decision criteria etc.；The detection device is
Using digitized measuring apparatus, measurement accuracy is not less than the 1/3 of pipe fitting tolerance；The computational accuracy be computational accuracy not
Less than the 1/100 of pipe fitting tolerance；The calculating instrument is to carry out deviation calculating using computer, can software kit；
The decision criteria requires tip angle deviation TA to be not more than setting angle deviation AA；End axial deviation TL is not more than between opposite joint
Gap AL.
The beneficial effects are mainly as follows：
1, according to pipe fitting installation requirements, accurate detection has been carried out to the axial deviation of pipe fitting, angular deviation, it is ensured that meet installation skill
Art requirement, it is therefore prevented that the qualified pipe fitting occurred using " optimum fitting method " cannot be satisfied installation requirement phenomenon, and improving quality can
By property and credit worthiness.
2, according to pipe fitting installation requirements, accurate detection has been carried out to the axial deviation of pipe fitting, angular deviation, it is ensured that meet peace
Dress technology requirement, it is therefore prevented that the unqualified pipe fitting occurred using " single-ended positioning mode " can but meet installation requirement phenomenon, reduce and miss
The generation for sentencing phenomenon, reduces production cost.
3, pipe fitting deviation data is decomposed into axial deviation, radial missing, angular deviation from single position deviation, realized
The accurate description of pipe fitting shape deviation data provides support for the sustained improvement of product quality, data statistic analysis.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is common pipe fitting shape deviation detects schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is pipe fitting installation positioning schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the pipe fitting shape deviation detects schematic diagram of single-ended positioning.
Fig. 4 is the pipe fitting detection positioning schematic diagram based on three installation points.
Fig. 5 is the pipe fitting detection error schematic diagram based on three installation points.
It is marked in figure：1, it is tested pipe fitting, 2, theoretical pipe fitting, 3, erection joint, 4, positioning checkpoint.
AA, setting angle deviation,
AL, installation axial deviation
G, theoretical pipe fitting spatial triangle center of gravity,
G1, tested pipe fitting spatial triangle center of gravity,
The line of Line, theoretical pipe fitting two-end-point,
The line of Line1, tested pipe fitting two-end-point,
Lmax, two end point connecting line and the bending maximum distance in point of contact,
PE, pipe fitting end face center point,
PT, pipe fitting flexural center point of contact,
PTmax, apart from the maximum bending point of contact of two end point connecting line,
S, the spatial triangle that three installation points of theoretical pipe fitting determine,
The spatial triangle that three S1, tested pipe fitting installation points determine,
TA, pipe fitting angular deviation,
Position deviation between TD, 2 points of pipe fitting,
TL, pipe fitting axial deviation,
TR, pipe fitting radial missing.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
A kind of pipe fitting method for detecting shape based on three installation points includes that localization method based on three installation points, deviation calculate
Method and testing requirements.The localization method based on three installation points, including three installation points and space-location method.It is described
Three installation points refer to three points closely related with installation site：Two two endpoint PE of pipe fitting, distance endpoint PE lines are most
The bending point of contact PTmax of big Lmax.The space-location method, including three steps：The first step, by three installation points of theoretical pipe fitting
It determines spatial triangle S, and determines the center of gravity G of triangle S；Second step, it is true by being measured same three installation points of pipe fitting
Determine spatial triangle S1, and determines the center of gravity G1 of triangle S；Third walk, rotate and movable triangular shape S1, make triangle S and
S1 is coplanar, G is overlapped with G1, theory pipe fitting two end point connecting line Line is parallel with tested pipe fitting two end point connecting line Line1, to be based on
Three installation points realize the positioning for being measured pipe fitting and theoretical pipe fitting.The deviation computational methods include axial deviation, it is radial partially
Difference, angular deviation computational methods.The axial deviation computational methods are to be determined theoretical pipe fitting and tested pipe fitting with three installation points
Behind position, the distance TL for being tested pipe fitting endpoint PE to theoretical pipe fitting end face is axial deviation, similarly determines tested pipe fitting successively
The axial deviation at all bending point of contacts.
The radial missing computational methods are to be tested pipe fitting by after theoretical pipe fitting and the positioning of tested pipe fitting with three installation points
The distance TR of endpoint PE to theoretical pipe fitting end face center line is radial missing, similarly determines all bendings of tested pipe fitting successively
The radial missing at point of contact.The angular deviation computational methods be with three installation points by theoretical pipe fitting and tested pipe fitting positioning after,
The angle TA of tested pipe fitting end face center line and theoretical pipe fitting end face center line is angular deviation, similarly determines to be tested successively
The angular deviation at all bending point of contacts of pipe fitting.
The testing requirements include detection device, computational accuracy, calculating instrument and decision criteria etc.；The detection device is
Using digitized measuring apparatus, measurement accuracy is not less than the 1/3 of pipe fitting tolerance；The computational accuracy be computational accuracy not
Less than the 1/100 of pipe fitting tolerance；The calculating instrument is to carry out deviation calculating using computer, can software kit；
The decision criteria requires tip angle deviation TA to be not more than setting angle deviation AA；End axial deviation TL is not more than between opposite joint
Gap AL.
According to pipe fitting installation requirements, accurate detection is carried out to the axial deviation of pipe fitting, angular deviation, it is ensured that meet installation
Technology requirement, it is therefore prevented that the qualified pipe fitting occurred using " optimum fitting method " cannot be satisfied installation requirement phenomenon, improve quality
Reliability and credit worthiness.According to pipe fitting installation requirements, accurate detection has been carried out to the axial deviation of pipe fitting, angular deviation, it is ensured that
Meeting installation specification, it is therefore prevented that the unqualified pipe fitting occurred using " single-ended positioning mode " can but meet installation requirement phenomenon,
The generation for reducing misjudgment phenomenon, reduces production cost.Pipe fitting deviation data is decomposed into axially partially from single position deviation
The accurate description of pipe fitting shape deviation data is realized in difference, radial missing, angular deviation, is sustained improvement, the data of product quality
Statistical analysis provides support.
Embodiment 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, some 90 ° of bending pipe fitting, both ends straightway is respectively 100mm, 50mm, theoretical pipe fitting center
Space of points coordinate is followed successively by T1 on line（0,100,0）、T2（150,100,0）、T3（200,50,0）、T4（200,0,0）, installation wants
It is ± 3 ° to ask angular deviation, installation axial gap 0.5mm.When being measured to tested pipe fitting, measuring apparatus precision is selected at least
For 0.5/3=0.167mm, practical laser vector measurement equipment, precision 0.001mm can be used for measuring pipe fitting.To measured tube
The practical measuring coordinate put on part center line is followed successively by P1（0.800,59.600,125.000）、P2（90.061, 14.970,
125.000）、P3（112.021, -52.889,125.000）、P4（88.650, -97.65,125.000）.
Calculating process：It is calculated using computer, computational accuracy is at least 0.5/100=0.005mm, actual selection
0.001mm.T2 point distance T1T4 air line distances are 55.470mm, and T3 point distance T1T4 air line distances are 41.603mm, select T2
Point forms spatial triangle with T1, T3, and center of gravity is（100,50,0）.Equally, pipe fitting point P2P1P3 spatial triangle weights are tested
The heart is（-67.024,-30.133,125.000）.After translating, rotating, two centers of gravity is made to overlap, both ends line is parallel, this
When tested pipe fitting center line on the point coordinates put be followed successively by（0.152, 99.680,0.000）、（99.944, 100.645,
0.000）、（150.422, 50.258,0.000）、（150.025, -0.236,0.000）.Calculate the deviation for being tested pipe fitting, end
Point P1 axial deviations 0.152 mm, radial missing 0.320mm, 0.554 ° of angular deviation.0.056 mm of point of contact P2 axial deviations, diameter
To deviation 0.645mm, 0.554 ° of angular deviation.Point of contact P3 axial deviations 0.258 mm, radial missing 0.422mm, angular deviation
0.450°.Endpoint P4 axial deviations 0.236 mm, radial missing 0.025mm, 0.450 ° of angular deviation.
Testing result：0.554 ° of end P1 angular deviations are not more than 3 ° of setting angle deviation, and axial deviation 0.152mm is little
In 0.5 mm of gap clearance；0.450 ° of ° end P4 angular deviations are not more than 3 ° of setting angle deviation, and axial deviation 0.236mm is not
More than 0.5 mm of gap clearance；Pipe fitting is qualified.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of pipe fitting method for detecting shape based on three installation points, it is characterised in that：Include being determined based on three installation points
Position method, deviation computational methods and testing requirements.
2. the pipe fitting method for detecting shape according to claim 1 based on three installation points, it is characterised in that：It is described to be based on
The localization method of three installation points, including three installation points and space-location method.
3. the pipe fitting method for detecting shape according to claim 2 based on three installation points, it is characterised in that：Described three
Installation point refers to three points closely related with installation site：Two two endpoint PE of pipe fitting, distance endpoint PE lines are maximum
The bending point of contact PTmax of Lmax.
4. the pipe fitting method for detecting shape according to claim 2 based on three installation points, it is characterised in that：The space
Localization method, including three steps：The first step determines spatial triangle S by three installation points of theoretical pipe fitting, and determines the triangle
The center of gravity G of S；Second step determines spatial triangle S1 by being measured same three installation points of pipe fitting, and determines triangle S
Center of gravity G1；Third walks, and rotates and movable triangular shape S1, makes that triangle S and S1 are coplanar, G is overlapped with G1, theory pipe fitting two-end-point
Line Line is parallel with tested pipe fitting two end point connecting line Line1, and pipe fittings and theory are measured to be realized based on three installation points
The positioning of pipe fitting.
5. the pipe fitting method for detecting shape according to claim 1 based on three installation points, it is characterised in that：The deviation
Computational methods include axial deviation, radial missing, angular deviation computational methods.
6. the pipe fitting method for detecting shape according to claim 5 based on three installation points, it is characterised in that：The axial direction
Deviation computational methods are to be tested pipe fitting endpoint PE to theoretical pipe fitting by after theoretical pipe fitting and the positioning of tested pipe fitting with three installation points
The distance TL of end face is axial deviation, similarly determines the axial deviation at all bending point of contacts of tested pipe fitting successively.
7. the pipe fitting method for detecting shape according to claim 5 based on three installation points, it is characterised in that：The radial direction
Deviation computational methods are to be tested pipe fitting endpoint PE to theoretical pipe fitting by after theoretical pipe fitting and the positioning of tested pipe fitting with three installation points
The distance TR of end face center line is radial missing, similarly determines the radial missing at all bending point of contacts of tested pipe fitting successively.
8. the pipe fitting method for detecting shape according to claim 5 based on three installation points, it is characterised in that：The angle
Deviation computational methods be with three installation points will after the positioning of theoretical pipe fitting and tested pipe fitting, be tested pipe fitting end face center line with it is theoretical
The angle TA of pipe fitting end face center line is angular deviation, similarly determines that the angle at all bending point of contacts of tested pipe fitting is inclined successively
Difference.
9. the pipe fitting method for detecting shape according to claim 1 based on three installation points, it is characterised in that：The detection
Require to include detection device, computational accuracy, calculating instrument and decision criteria etc.；The detection device is to use digitized measurement
Equipment, measurement accuracy are not less than the 1/3 of pipe fitting tolerance；The computational accuracy is that computational accuracy is not less than pipe fitting tolerance
1/100；The calculating instrument is to carry out deviation calculating using computer, and the decision criteria requires tip angle deviation TA not
More than setting angle deviation AA；End axial deviation TL is not more than gap clearance AL.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113587858A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-02 | 太原科技大学 | Pipe bar online detection straightness calculation method |
| CN117078886A (en) * | 2023-10-16 | 2023-11-17 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Three-dimensional pipeline axis positioning method and device for spent fuel post-treatment plant |
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| CN102141393A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2011-08-03 | 神龙汽车有限公司 | Method for detecting deviation of shaft-like part from reference gravity center line on basis of gas suspension and three-dimensional coordinate and gas suspension device |
| CN103759638A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-04-30 | 北京力信联合科技有限公司 | Part detecting method |
| CN107607080A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2018-01-19 | 四川大学 | A kind of prism-shaped cross-section of pipeline distortion measurement evaluation method |
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| JPH06147881A (en) * | 1992-11-09 | 1994-05-27 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Inspection method for three-dimensional profile material |
| CN201355238Y (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2009-12-02 | 中国第二冶金建设有限责任公司 | Elbow ball-passing tester |
| CN102141393A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2011-08-03 | 神龙汽车有限公司 | Method for detecting deviation of shaft-like part from reference gravity center line on basis of gas suspension and three-dimensional coordinate and gas suspension device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113587858A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-02 | 太原科技大学 | Pipe bar online detection straightness calculation method |
| CN117078886A (en) * | 2023-10-16 | 2023-11-17 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Three-dimensional pipeline axis positioning method and device for spent fuel post-treatment plant |
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