CN108443906B - Flue gas waste heat utilization system and method based on multi-energy level and recirculated heating cold air - Google Patents

Flue gas waste heat utilization system and method based on multi-energy level and recirculated heating cold air Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108443906B
CN108443906B CN201810432640.8A CN201810432640A CN108443906B CN 108443906 B CN108443906 B CN 108443906B CN 201810432640 A CN201810432640 A CN 201810432640A CN 108443906 B CN108443906 B CN 108443906B
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temperature
flue gas
bypass
waste heat
low
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CN108443906A (en
Inventor
王龙林
李传永
张书迎
王妮妮
祁金胜
苗井泉
高振宝
胡训栋
高永芬
张欲晓
王本君
杨俊波
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Shandong Electric Power Engineering Consulting Institute Corp Ltd
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Shandong Electric Power Engineering Consulting Institute Corp Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1807Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22DPREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D1/00Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
    • F22D1/003Feed-water heater systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23LSUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L15/00Heating of air supplied for combustion
    • F23L15/04Arrangements of recuperators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Abstract

The invention discloses a flue gas waste heat utilization system and a method based on multi-energy levels and recirculated heating cold air, comprising the following steps: the device comprises an air preheater, a dust remover, an induced draft fan and a desulfurizing tower which are connected in sequence; the first-level low-temperature economizer and the second-level low-temperature economizer are respectively connected in series before the dust remover and after the induced draft fan; a bypass flue is connected in parallel with a main flue connected with the air preheater, and a bypass primary high-temperature heater and a bypass secondary low-temperature heater are sequentially connected in series with the bypass flue; the condensate water is led to a main condensate water system and returns to the main condensate water system after sequentially passing through a booster water pump, a II-level low-temperature economizer, a I-level low-temperature economizer and a bypass second-level low-temperature heater, so as to form a condensate water waste heat recovery circulation main path. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the condensation water waste heat recovery main circuit is connected with the three-stage flue gas heat exchanger in series, and meanwhile, the recirculation bypass is utilized to heat cold air, and the whole system only needs to be provided with one set of condensation water circulating pump, so that the system structure is simplified, and the production and maintenance cost is saved.

Description

Flue gas waste heat utilization system and method based on multi-energy level and recirculated heating cold air
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of deep coupling flue gas waste heat utilization of a machine and a furnace of a power plant, and particularly relates to a flue gas waste heat utilization system and method based on multi-energy levels and recirculated heating cold air.
Background
The heat loss of the exhausted smoke is the largest heat loss of the boiler, generally about 5-12%, accounting for 60-70% of the heat loss of the boiler. The main factor affecting the heat loss of the exhaust gas is the exhaust gas temperature, and in general, the heat loss of the exhaust gas increases by 0.6% -1.0% when the exhaust gas temperature increases by 10 ℃. In actual operation, the boiler exhaust gas temperature of many thermal power plants exceeds a design value. Therefore, the reduction of the exhaust gas temperature and the full utilization of the exhaust gas waste heat have important practical significance for saving fuel and reducing pollution.
The flue gas waste heat utilization system is an effective means for reducing heat loss of flue gas emission of a power plant and realizing flue gas waste heat utilization, and the main principle is that cold air, condensed water or feed water is heated through flue gas, and the working temperature of the condensed water or the feed water is finally improved through heat conversion of various ways, so that high-pressure and low-pressure steam extraction of partial steam turbines is "displaced". Therefore, the acting capacity of the steam turbine is increased, the fuel coal consumption of the boiler is saved, and the heat consumption of the unit is reduced under the condition of unchanged output.
The prior advanced flue gas waste heat utilization scheme is that a two-stage low-temperature economizer is arranged in front of a dust remover and behind an induced draft fan, a warm air blower is arranged at an air side inlet of an air preheater, and cold air entering the air preheater is heated by utilizing the waste heat of boiler flue gas recovered by the two-stage low-temperature economizer. However, in practical applications, the existing system has the following disadvantages:
(1) The two-stage low-temperature coal economizer in front of the dust remover and behind the induced draft fan adopts closed circulation on the water side, and an expansion water tank is required to be arranged for ensuring the thermal expansion of closed circulation water. The highest circulating water temperature reaches 142 ℃, the setting height of the expansion tank reaches more than 50m, and the circulating water can be ensured not to be vaporized under the high water temperature. The expansion water tank is difficult to set, and the quality of closed water is difficult to ensure in the long-term operation process; the closed water is not deoxidized, and the water circulation oxidizes and corrodes equipment and pipelines.
(2) The heat of the flue gas recovered by the two-stage low-temperature economizer exceeds the heat required by primary and secondary cold air heating, and the redundant heat is recovered by introducing condensed water (30.7 ℃) with lower energy level through a water-water condensation water heater additionally arranged. The presence of the water-water heat exchanger end difference results in a reduction in the energy level of the heat recovered by the turbine thermodynamic system.
(3) The system is complex, the bypass secondary economizer and the condensate water heater both adopt condensate water, but the introduced positions are different, and different circulating water booster pumps are required to be arranged; the closed water circulation system also needs to be provided with a booster pump.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a flue gas waste heat utilization system and a method based on multi-energy level and recirculated heating cold air, wherein the system is provided with a three-stage flue gas heat exchanger connected in series in a condensate water main path and utilizes a bypass to heat the cold air; the whole system only needs to be provided with a set of condensate circulating pump, an expansion water tank is not needed, and the water quality can be ensured by a condensate fine treatment system of the main steam turbine.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is specifically as follows:
the first object of the present invention is to disclose a flue gas waste heat utilization system based on multi-energy level and recirculated heating cold air, comprising: the device comprises an air preheater, a dust remover, an induced draft fan and a desulfurizing tower which are connected in sequence; the first-level low-temperature economizer and the second-level low-temperature economizer are respectively connected in series before the dust remover and after the induced draft fan; a bypass flue is connected in parallel with a main flue connected with the air preheater, and a bypass primary high-temperature heater and a bypass secondary low-temperature heater are sequentially connected in series with the bypass flue;
the condensate is led out from the main machine condensate system, sequentially passes through the booster water pump, the II-stage low-temperature economizer, the I-stage low-temperature economizer and the bypass second-stage low-temperature heater and then returns to the main machine condensate system to form a condensate waste heat recovery circulation main path.
Further, a primary air heater and a secondary air heater are respectively connected to the air side inlet of the air preheater; condensed water is led out from the I-level low-temperature economizer, respectively enters a primary air heater and a secondary air heater for heat exchange, and returns to the inlet of the booster water pump; a condensate water recirculation loop is formed.
Further, the heat recovery medium bypassing the primary high-temperature heater is a branch from the host high-pressure water supply system and returns to the host high-pressure water supply system.
Further, the condensation water waste heat recovery circulation main path is connected with a low-pressure heater of the condensation water system of the host in parallel.
A second object of the present invention is to disclose a boiler, comprising: any one of the flue gas waste heat utilization systems based on multi-energy levels and recirculated heating cold air.
The third object of the invention is to disclose a flue gas waste heat utilization method based on multi-energy level and recirculated heating cold air, comprising the following steps:
the condensate water is used as a medium for recovering the low temperature Duan Reliang of the flue gas, is led to a main condensate water system, sequentially passes through a booster water pump, a II-level low-temperature economizer, a I-level low-temperature economizer and a bypass second-level low-temperature heater and then returns to the main condensate water system to form a condensate water waste heat recovery main path.
Further, part of condensed water led out by the I-stage low-temperature economizer passes through the primary air heater and the secondary air heater respectively and then reenters the condensed water circulation main path to form a condensed water recirculation loop, and the primary air and the secondary air are heated.
Further, the heat recovery medium bypassing the primary high temperature heater is a branch from the host high pressure water supply system and returns to the host high pressure water supply system.
Further, the high-temperature flue gas is divided into two paths, one path of the high-temperature flue gas enters the I-stage low-temperature economizer after passing through the air preheater, and the other path of the high-temperature flue gas sequentially enters the I-stage low-temperature economizer after passing through the bypass primary high-temperature heater and the bypass secondary low-temperature heater; the flue gas entering the I-level low-temperature economizer sequentially passes through the dust remover, the induced draft fan and the II-level low-temperature economizer and then enters the desulfurizing tower.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the condensed water main path is connected with the three-stage flue gas heat exchanger in series, and meanwhile, bypass heating cold air is utilized, and the whole system only needs to be provided with one set of condensed water circulating pump, so that the system structure is simplified, and the production and maintenance cost is saved.
The condensation water waste heat recovery circulation main path is an open circulation, an expansion water tank is not required to be arranged, and the complex operation of installing the expansion water tank is avoided; and the water quality can be ensured by the condensate polishing system of the main turbine in parallel with the condensate system of the main turbine.
A condensate water waste heat recovery circulation main circuit and a condensate water recycling circuit are respectively arranged, and condensate water (30.7 ℃) with lower energy level is not required to be introduced to recover redundant heat; the minimum water temperature of the condensed water is raised from 30.7 ℃ to 50 ℃, so that the energy level of the whole waste heat utilization system is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the system provided by the invention can further reduce the heat consumption of the steam turbine by 4kJ/kWh by taking a certain engineering as an example, and achieves 94kJ/kWh. The system is simplified, the water quality is ensured, the energy level of waste heat utilization is improved, and the thermal efficiency of the unit is further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flue gas waste heat utilization system based on multi-energy levels and recirculated heating cold air.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
it should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
In order to solve the problems pointed out in the background art, the invention discloses a flue gas waste heat utilization system based on multi-energy levels and recirculated heating cold air, as shown in fig. 1, comprising: the device comprises an air preheater, a dust remover, an induced draft fan and a desulfurizing tower which are connected in sequence; the first-level low-temperature economizer and the second-level low-temperature economizer are respectively connected in series before the dust remover and after the induced draft fan; a bypass flue is connected in parallel with a main flue connected with the air preheater, and a bypass primary high-temperature heater and a bypass secondary low-temperature heater are sequentially connected in series with the bypass flue; the air inlet of the air preheater is respectively connected with a primary air heater and a secondary air heater.
The high-temperature flue gas is divided into two paths, one path of the high-temperature flue gas passes through the air preheater and then enters the I-stage low-temperature economizer, and the other path of the high-temperature flue gas sequentially passes through the bypass primary high-temperature heater and the bypass secondary low-temperature heater and then enters the I-stage low-temperature economizer; the flue gas entering the I-level low-temperature economizer sequentially passes through the dust remover, the induced draft fan and the II-level low-temperature economizer and then enters the desulfurizing tower. The flue gas temperature is gradually decreased when the first-stage high-temperature heater, the second-stage low-temperature heater, the I-stage low-temperature economizer and the II-stage low-temperature economizer are bypassed.
The condensate water is used as a flue gas low-temperature Duan Reliang recovery medium and is led to a main condensate water system, and sequentially passes through a booster water pump, a II-level low-temperature economizer, a I-level low-temperature economizer and a bypass second-level low-temperature heater and then returns to the main condensate water system to form a condensate water waste heat recovery circulation main path, and the condensate water waste heat recovery circulation main path is connected with a certain level of low-pressure heater of the main condensate water system in parallel; the condensation water waste heat recovery circulation main circuit is additionally provided with a recirculation bypass, and is led out after being led out from the I-level low-temperature economizer, and returns to the inlet of the booster water pump after heating the primary air and the secondary air. The heat recovery medium bypassing the primary high-temperature heater is a branch from the host high-pressure water supply system and returns to the host high-pressure water supply system.
By utilizing the characteristic that the smoke temperature at the inlet of a bypass secondary low-temperature heater, a I-level low-temperature economizer and a II-level low-temperature economizer is reduced in a gradient manner, one path of condensed water is led to pass through the three low-temperature heaters in series, and the heat of the smoke is recovered; the condensed water loop is used as a condensed water waste heat recovery circulation main path.
The condensate water from the condensate pump is heated by the shaft seal heater and then is heated to 50 ℃, then is boosted by the booster water pump, and then enters the II-stage low-temperature economizer for heat exchange, the condensate water from the II-stage low-temperature economizer is heated to 70 ℃, then enters the I-stage low-temperature economizer for heat exchange, the condensate water from the I-stage low-temperature economizer is heated to 142 ℃, then a part of the condensate water enters the bypass second-stage low-temperature heater for heat exchange, and the condensate water from the bypass second-stage low-temperature heater is heated to 170 ℃ and then returns to the front of the deaerator of the main machine condensate water system.
Because the condensation water waste heat recovery circulation main path is an open circulation, an expansion water tank is not required to be arranged, and the complex operation of installing the expansion water tank is avoided; and the water quality can be ensured by the condensate polishing system of the main turbine in parallel with the condensate system of the main turbine, so that the oxidation corrosion of water circulation to equipment and pipelines is avoided.
On the other hand, the invention leads out a path of condensate water recirculation loop on the condensate water waste heat recovery circulation main circuit, and leads out the condensate water recirculation loop after the I-level low-temperature economizer heats the primary air and the secondary air and returns to the inlet of the booster water pump to heat the primary air and the secondary air. And part of the condensed water from the I-stage low-temperature economizer is sent to the primary air heater and the secondary air heater for heat exchange, the temperature of the condensed water from the primary air heater and the secondary air heater is reduced to 50 ℃, and the condensed water enters the condensed water waste heat recovery circulation main path again for circulation after passing through the booster water pump.
The primary air and the secondary air are heated through condensation water circulation, condensation water (30.7 ℃) with lower energy level is not required to be arranged independently, the minimum water temperature of the condensation water is raised to 50 ℃ from 30.7 ℃, and the energy level of the whole waste heat utilization system is raised.
It should be noted that the specific temperatures mentioned above are exemplary and do not limit the technical content of the present invention; the temperatures may vary during actual operation of the system.
As one embodiment, the heat recovery medium that bypasses the primary high temperature heater is a bypass from the host high pressure feedwater system and returns to the host high pressure feedwater system. And the bypass primary high-temperature heater is utilized to perform heat exchange to heat the water supply loop, so that the utilization rate of the flue gas is further improved.
Compared with the prior art, the system provided by the invention can further reduce the heat consumption of the steam turbine by 4kJ/kWh by taking a certain engineering as an example through actual calculation comparison analysis. The system is simplified, the water quality is ensured, the energy level of waste heat utilization is improved, and the thermal efficiency of the unit is further improved.
While the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present invention has been presented in conjunction with the drawings, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather, it is intended to cover all modifications or variations within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. Flue gas waste heat utilization system based on multipotency level and recirculated heating cold wind includes: the device comprises an air preheater, a dust remover, an induced draft fan and a desulfurizing tower which are connected in sequence; the device is characterized in that a grade I low-temperature economizer and a grade II low-temperature economizer are respectively connected in series before the dust remover and after the induced draft fan; a bypass flue is connected in parallel with a main flue connected with the air preheater, and a bypass primary high-temperature heater and a bypass secondary low-temperature heater are sequentially connected in series with the bypass flue; the heat recovery medium bypassing the primary high-temperature heater is a branch from the host high-pressure water supply system and returns to the host high-pressure water supply system;
the condensate is led out from a main machine condensate system, sequentially passes through a booster water pump, a II-level low-temperature economizer, a I-level low-temperature economizer and a bypass second-level low-temperature heater and then returns to the main machine condensate system to form a condensate waste heat recovery circulation main path;
the air side inlet of the air preheater is respectively connected with a primary air heater and a secondary air heater; condensed water is led out from the I-level low-temperature economizer, respectively enters a primary air heater and a secondary air heater for heat exchange, and returns to the inlet of the booster water pump; and forming a condensate water recirculation loop, wherein part of condensate water led out by the I-stage low-temperature economizer passes through the primary air heater and the secondary air heater respectively and then reenters the condensate water circulation main path, and heating the primary air and the secondary air.
2. The multi-energy-level and recirculated heated cold air based flue gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the condensate waste heat recovery circulation main circuit is connected in parallel with a low pressure heater of the host condensate system.
3. A boiler, comprising: the multi-level and recirculated heated cold air based flue gas waste heat utilization system of any one of claims 1-2.
4. The flue gas waste heat utilization method based on the multi-energy level and the recycled heating cold air is based on the flue gas waste heat utilization system of the multi-energy level and the recycled heating cold air as claimed in claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the condensate water is used as a medium for recovering the low temperature Duan Reliang of the flue gas, is led to a main condensate water system, sequentially passes through a booster water pump, a II-level low-temperature economizer, a I-level low-temperature economizer and a bypass second-level low-temperature heater and then returns to the main condensate water system to form a condensate water waste heat recovery main path.
5. The multi-level and recirculated heated cold air flue gas waste heat utilization method of claim 4 wherein the heat recovery medium bypassing the primary high temperature heater is a bypass from the host high pressure feedwater system and returns to the host high pressure feedwater system.
6. The multi-energy-level and recycling heating cold air flue gas waste heat utilization method according to claim 4, wherein the high-temperature flue gas is divided into two paths, one path of flue gas passes through the air preheater and then enters the I-level low-temperature economizer, and the other path of flue gas passes through the bypass primary high-temperature heater and the bypass secondary low-temperature heater in sequence and then enters the I-level low-temperature economizer; the flue gas entering the I-level low-temperature economizer sequentially passes through the dust remover, the induced draft fan and the II-level low-temperature economizer and then enters the desulfurizing tower.
CN201810432640.8A 2018-05-08 2018-05-08 Flue gas waste heat utilization system and method based on multi-energy level and recirculated heating cold air Active CN108443906B (en)

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CN110553246A (en) * 2019-09-30 2019-12-10 大唐郓城发电有限公司 Boiler flue gas waste heat utilization system and utilization method thereof
CN111678116A (en) * 2020-05-25 2020-09-18 大唐东北电力试验研究院有限公司 Gradient utilization method for flue gas of 1000MW double reheating power plant
CN111678117A (en) * 2020-05-25 2020-09-18 大唐东北电力试验研究院有限公司 Exhaust smoke waste heat recovery system of 1000MW secondary reheating power plant
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