CN108441659A - A kind of smelting technology of high tough die casting A356 aluminium alloys - Google Patents
A kind of smelting technology of high tough die casting A356 aluminium alloys Download PDFInfo
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- CN108441659A CN108441659A CN201810278183.1A CN201810278183A CN108441659A CN 108441659 A CN108441659 A CN 108441659A CN 201810278183 A CN201810278183 A CN 201810278183A CN 108441659 A CN108441659 A CN 108441659A
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910001122 Mischmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910018580 Al—Zr Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910018137 Al-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910018573 Al—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 7
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000004940 nucleus Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000763 evoking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006052 feed supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006025 fining agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003434 inspiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018575 Al—Ti Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000846 In alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019752 Mg2Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910033181 TiB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the melting technique fields of aluminium alloy, more particularly to a kind of smelting technology of high tough die casting A356 aluminium alloys, include the steps that raw material is melted, is removed the gred, is refined, mischmetal, Al Zn intermediate alloys, Al Ag intermediate alloys is mixed using in Al Ti B, Al Ti C and Al Sr, Al Zr, the molten aluminum of melting is handled as composite refining alterant；Wherein, the additive amount of the mischmetal is 0.01wt%~0.03wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, the additive amount of Al Zn intermediate alloys is 0.012wt%~0.02wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, and the additive amount of Al Ag intermediate alloys is 0.04wt%~0.09wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount；The present invention is handled the molten aluminum of melting by the way that composite refining alterant is added, while maintaining long period modification effect, avoid the rotten air-breathing reactions occurred of traditional Al Sr, and, using composite refining agent provided by the invention, the more efficient abnormity core of formation in the melt, improves the curing efficiency and solidification quality of aluminium alloy, and obtained A356 aluminium alloys have high tough technical characterstic.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the melting technique fields of aluminium alloy, and in particular to a kind of melting of high tough die casting A356 aluminium alloys
Technique.
Background technology
A356 aluminium alloys are a kind of aluminium base high-silicon alloys, it is simple for, A356 aluminium alloys are added in Al-Si bianry alloys
Magnesium is added, has formed reinforceing phase Mg2Si, significantly improve the ageing strengthening ability of alloy by being heat-treated, improve the mechanics of alloy
Performance.Current automotive hub aluminium often provides its requirement to alloy cast ingot with the requirement of the A356.2 of Unite States Standard
's.
For automobile, it is exactly to mitigate automotive dead weight to save the most effective method of oil consumption, is using lightweighting materials
Most important approach, due to aluminum alloy materials have it is light-weight, intensity is high, good moldability, moderate cost, the rate of recovery it is high etc. it is excellent
Point, therefore as the preferred material of automotive dead weight is mitigated, A356 series alloys are also exactly to develop in this context.
And the impact flexibility of existing cast aluminium alloy gold is relatively low, generally cannot all bear big shock loading, collide in automobile or
When being fierce drive, aluminum alloy materials can not bear greater impact load and serious deformation occur can pacify to the lives and properties of passenger
Serious threat is brought entirely；Furthermore, it is contemplated that the factor of cost, aluminum alloy materials must mix a certain amount of during casting
Foundry returns the mechanical performance of finished product is brought more serious doped with fining agent, alterant and aluminium skimmings in the foundry returns
It influences, therefore, there is important influence for obtaining high tough pack alloy using suitable smelting technology.
During the melting and casting of aluminium alloy, crystal grain thinning is essential process, the grain refiner of use from
Al-Ti systems intermediate alloy is not opened, and Al-Ti-B intermediate alloys are the efficient grain refiners of aluminium alloy, are still refinement effect so far
Fruit is best, the more universal grain refiner of use, but such fining agent there are problems that, if TiB2 is easy to gather, pole
It is easily combined with the salt solvent in oxidation film or melt and causes to be mingled with, aluminum products is caused the defect of pin hole occur, although Al-Ti-C
It is the aluminum grain refiner that current people are most keen to exploitation, but its production and manufacture are more difficult, especially C is difficult molten
Enter matrix, manufacturing cost is higher.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome deficiency in the prior art, a kind of melting for high tough die casting A356 aluminium alloys is provided
Sweetening process reduces the casting flaw of finished product, improves the comprehensive performance of aluminium alloy finished product.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention is achieved by the following scheme：
A kind of smelting technology of high tough die casting A356 aluminium alloys, includes the steps that melting raw material, removing the gred, refining, with
Mischmetal, Al-Zn intermediate alloys, Al-Ag intermediate alloys are mixed in Al-Ti-B, Al-Ti-C and Al-Sr, Al-Zr as multiple
Fining modifier is closed to handle the molten aluminum of melting；Wherein, the additive amount of the mischmetal is molten aluminium alloy total amount
The additive amount of 0.01wt%~0.03wt%, Al-Zn intermediate alloy be molten aluminium alloy total amount 0.012wt%~
The additive amount of 0.02wt%, Al-Ag intermediate alloy is 0.04wt%~0.09wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount；
In the present invention, improve the comprehensive performance of product by the way that mixed refining agent is added and mixes the technique of alterant, especially
It is for the aluminum melting process for being added to a large amount of foundry returns.
The concrete operations flow of heretofore described aluminum melting process includes：
S1：Charging
Cobbing, veneer wastes and foundry returns are first filled, then aluminium ingot and bulk material are packed into, finally put intermediate alloy
Enter；Cobbing and veneer wastes are mounted in molten bath lower layer, can reduce scaling loss in this way, while furnace body can also be ensured from bulk material
Directly impact and damage；The fusing point of intermediate alloy is higher, is mounted in the upper layer of furnace body, is melted easily using stove internal upper part temperature height
Change, in addition, can also have sufficient time diffusion positioned at upper of furnace body so that intermediate alloy is evenly distributed, be conducive to melt at
Sub-control system.
S2：Heating fusing
Furnace charge can heat up after installing, and the process of fusing is the process from Solid State Transformation for liquid, this process
Quality has conclusive influence to product quality.
Since the oxidation film that load melting process is the covering of metal outer surface ruptures at first, metal will gradually lose
Deprotection acts on, and gas is easy to invade during this time, causes the further oxidation of interior metal, and the gold melted
During category liquid is flowed to furnace bottom, oxidation film can be mixed into melt, and further oxidation and reduction aoxidize metal in order to prevent
Film enters inside melt, and when furnace charge occurs to soften and sink, last layer ground flux is spread as coverture to metal surface
It is covered, reduces the metal getter during metal molten.
During fusing melt overheat occurs for metal in order to prevent, when fire box temperature reaches 1200 DEG C, should fit
When agitation melt, it is ensured that temperature uniformity everywhere in molten bath, while conducive to accelerating fusing.
S3：It skims and stirs
When furnace charge fully melts in molten bath, and melt temperature has reached smelting temperature, you can remove melt table
A large amount of oxidizing slags of face floating；In order to make oxidizing slag be detached with metal, and it is few as possible take metal out of, it is first uniform on melt
It is sprinkled into ground flux, slag is made to be detached with metal.Requirement of skimming is steady, and slag is prevented to be involved in melt, skims thorough, because of dross
In the presence of the air content of melt can be increased, and make metal dirty.
After skimming, melt should be stirred, its object is to so that alloying component is uniformly distributed and melt body temperature
It reaches unanimity, if stirring is not thorough, i.e., there is no guarantee that sufficiently long time and elimination dead angle, then easily lead to melt
What is studied point is uneven；When stirring, it should steadily carry out, too big wave should not be evoked, to prevent oxide entrapment melt
In.
S4：Composition adjustment
Melt needs to be sampled confirmation at being grouped as, and carry out feed supplement appropriate or water down after being sufficiently stirred.
S5：Refinement, Metamorphism treatment
After confirming that bath composition has reached requirement, composite refining alterant provided by the invention is added into melt, with
Improve the comprehensive performance of aluminium alloy finished product.
S6：Metal bath is infused into standing furnace, casting and forming in mold is then transferred to.
There are 7% or so silicon phase, silicon to be mainly present in matrix in the form of Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys, do not handle in A356 alloys
In alloy, for silicon mutually with the fractions distribution of piece strip in aluminum substrate, the brittleness silicon of piece strip, which is met, destroys the continuity of aluminum substrate,
The serious mechanical property for influencing alloy, for this purpose, by the way that Al-Sr intermediate alloys, Al-Zr intermediate alloys is added, in the prior art,
Although there is Al-Sr longer modification effect to hold time, the addition of Sr can increase the inspiratory of aluminum melt, cause aluminium molten
More oxidizing slag is doped in liquid, and by the addition of Al-Zr, the inspiratory of aluminum melt is effectively avoided, while effectively
Maintain longer deteriorating time, modification effect can reach 4~5 hours, meet aluminium alloy melting processing.
The production practices of the prior art are it was demonstrated that the refinement of tissue can effectively improve the performance of alloy, the crystalline substance of alloy
Grain micronization processes, are that a small amount of substance that can form heterogeneous forming core is added into alloy melt, and a large amount of knot is generated in melt
The nucleus heart, the method for common crystal grain refinement are that a small amount of Ti and B are added into A356 alloy melts, are formed using titanium and aluminium
Crystallization nucleis of the Al3Ti as aluminium alloy solid solution plays the role of heterogeneous nuclei, refining aluminum alloy tissue.In order to further
The thinning effect for improving aluminum alloy organization, using mischmetal, Al-Zn intermediate alloys, Al-Ag intermediate alloys as composite refining
Agent generates a large amount of heterogeneous forming core, improves the curing efficiency and solidification quality of aluminium alloy.
According to the present invention, the additive amount of heretofore described Al-Ti-B, Al-Ti-C, Al-Sr, Al-Zr can compared with
Selection in wide range improves the comprehensive performance of aluminium alloy finished product to be further reduced the casting flaw of finished product, described
The additive amount of Al-Ti-B is 0.1wt%~0.3wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, and the additive amount of Al-Ti-C is molten aluminium alloy
The additive amount of 0.1wt%~0.3wt% of total amount, Al-Sr are the 0.012wt%~0.02wt%, Al- of molten aluminium alloy total amount
The additive amount of Zr is 0.01wt%~0.015wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount.
According to the present invention, heretofore described mischmetal include 45~55% ceriums, 20~28% lanthanums, 3~8% praseodymiums,
15~25% neodymiums, 0.01~0.05% yttrium, and non-rare earth impurity content≤1%, the percentage composition are mass percents.
Further, heretofore described mischmetal includes 52~55% ceriums, 21~24% lanthanums, 4~6% praseodymiums, 16
~20% neodymium, 0.01~0.05% yttrium, and non-rare earth impurity content≤1%, the percentage composition are mass percents.
In the present invention, it is contemplated that cost factor is considered in actual production, foundry returns is added in the feed, also, described
Raw material in, the additive amount of foundry returns is no more than the 47% of raw material gross weight.Excessive raw material will have a direct impact on aluminium alloy finished product
Performance.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects：
In the present invention, the molten aluminum of melting is handled by the way that composite refining alterant is added, is become maintaining the long period
While matter effect, the rotten air-breathing reactions occurred of traditional Al-Sr are avoided, also, using provided by the invention compound thin
Agent, the more efficient abnormity core of formation in the melt improve the curing efficiency and solidification quality of aluminium alloy, obtained A356
Aluminium alloy has high tough technical characterstic.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention be easy to understand, tie below
Specific embodiment is closed, the present invention is furture elucidated.
The smelting technology of the tough die casting A356 aluminium alloys of height provided in the present invention specifically includes following technique：
S1：Charging
Cobbing, veneer wastes and foundry returns are first filled, then aluminium ingot and bulk material are packed into, finally put intermediate alloy
Enter；
S2：Heating fusing
Furnace charge can heat up after installing, and the process of fusing is the process from Solid State Transformation for liquid, this process
Quality has conclusive influence to product quality.
When furnace charge occurs to soften and sink, last layer ground flux is spread as coverture to metal surface and is covered
Lid reduces the metal getter during metal molten.
During fusing melt overheat occurs for metal in order to prevent, when fire box temperature reaches 1200 DEG C, should fit
When agitation melt, it is ensured that temperature uniformity everywhere in molten bath, while conducive to accelerating fusing.
S3：It skims and stirs
When furnace charge fully melts in molten bath, and melt temperature has reached smelting temperature, you can remove melt table
A large amount of oxidizing slags of face floating；In order to make oxidizing slag be detached with metal, and it is few as possible take metal out of, it is first uniform on melt
It is sprinkled into ground flux, slag is made to be detached with metal.Requirement of skimming is steady, and slag is prevented to be involved in melt, skims thorough, because of dross
In the presence of the air content of melt can be increased, and make metal dirty.
After skimming, melt should be stirred, its object is to so that alloying component is uniformly distributed and melt body temperature
It reaches unanimity, if stirring is not thorough, i.e., there is no guarantee that sufficiently long time and elimination dead angle, then easily lead to melt
What is studied point is uneven；When stirring, it should steadily carry out, too big wave should not be evoked, to prevent oxide entrapment melt
In.
S4：Composition adjustment
Melt needs to be sampled confirmation at being grouped as, and carry out feed supplement appropriate or water down after being sufficiently stirred.
S5：Refinement, Metamorphism treatment
After confirming that bath composition has reached requirement, composite refining alterant provided by the invention is added into melt, with
Improve the comprehensive performance of aluminium alloy finished product.
S6：Metal bath is infused into standing furnace, casting and forming in mold is then transferred to.
Unmentioned technological parameter is subject to the casting technique of aluminium alloy commonly used in the prior art in above-mentioned technique.
Embodiment 1-5 below, comparative example 1-3 are that aluminium is closed when being added to different component content composite refining alterant
The influence of the comprehensive performance of golden finished product.
Obtained aluminium alloy finished product is tested by following test method：
1, hardness test：
The test of Brinell hardness is carried out to the sample obtained in embodiment using HB-3000C electronics Brinell hardness tester.
2, tensile property is tested
Using the microcomputer controlled electronic universal tester of model WDW-100, specific test process includes first using vernier
Slide calliper rule accurately measure the length of sample, width and thickness, then by specimen holder on testing machine, open microcomputer controlled electronic ten thousand
Energy testing machine and mating computer, control tensile speed are 2mm/min, press the button of " RUN ", after sample is pulled off, press
Under " stopping " button obtain tensile strength, yield strength data are calculated automatically after the dimension data of sample input computer and prolong
Stretch rate.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, the additive amount of Al-Ti-B is the 0.2wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, and the additive amount of Al-Ti-C is
The additive amount of the 0.2wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, Al-Sr are the 0.016wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, the addition of Al-Zr
Amount is the 0.012wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount；
Mischmetal includes 54% cerium, 22% lanthanum, 5% praseodymium, 18% neodymium, 0.03% yttrium, and non-rare earth impurity content≤
1%, the percentage composition is mass percent；The additive amount of mischmetal is the 0.02wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount；
The additive amount of Al-Zn intermediate alloys is the 0.016wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, the addition of Al-Ag intermediate alloys
Amount is the 0.06wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount；
The additive amount of foundry returns is the 45% of raw material total amount.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, the additive amount of Al-Ti-B is the 0.2wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, and the additive amount of Al-Ti-C is
The additive amount of the 0.2wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, Al-Sr are the 0.016wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, the addition of Al-Zr
Amount is the 0.012wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount；
Mischmetal includes 52% cerium, 26% lanthanum, 5% praseodymium, 16% neodymium, 0.01% yttrium, and non-rare earth impurity content≤
1%, the percentage composition is mass percent；The additive amount of mischmetal is the 0.02wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount；
The additive amount of Al-Zn intermediate alloys is the 0.016wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, the addition of Al-Ag intermediate alloys
Amount is the 0.06wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount；
The additive amount of foundry returns is the 45% of raw material total amount.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, the additive amount of Al-Ti-B is the 0.2wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, and the additive amount of Al-Ti-C is
The additive amount of the 0.2wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, Al-Sr are the 0.016wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, the addition of Al-Zr
Amount is the 0.012wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount；
Mischmetal includes 55% cerium, 24% lanthanum, 4% praseodymium, 16% neodymium, 0.05% yttrium, and non-rare earth impurity content≤
1%, the percentage composition is mass percent；The additive amount of mischmetal is the 0.02wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount；
The additive amount of Al-Zn intermediate alloys is the 0.016wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, the addition of Al-Ag intermediate alloys
Amount is the 0.06wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount；
The additive amount of foundry returns is the 45% of raw material total amount.
Embodiment 4
In the present embodiment, the additive amount of Al-Ti-B is the 0.1wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, and the additive amount of Al-Ti-C is
The additive amount of the 0.1wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, Al-Sr are the 0.012wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, the addition of Al-Zr
Amount is the 0.01wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount；
Mischmetal includes 49% cerium, 28% lanthanum, 3% praseodymium, 19% neodymium, 0.01% yttrium, and non-rare earth impurity content≤
1%, the percentage composition is mass percent；The additive amount of mischmetal is the 0.01wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount；
The additive amount of Al-Zn intermediate alloys is the 0.012wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, the addition of Al-Ag intermediate alloys
Amount is the 0.04wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount；
The additive amount of foundry returns is the 45% of raw material total amount.
Embodiment 5
In the present embodiment, the additive amount of Al-Ti-B is the 0.3wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, and the additive amount of Al-Ti-C is
The additive amount of the 0.3wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, Al-Sr are the 0.02wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, the additive amount of Al-Zr
For the 0.015wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount；
Mischmetal includes 55% cerium, 24% lanthanum, 5% praseodymium, 15% neodymium, 0.05% yttrium, and non-rare earth impurity content≤
1%, the percentage composition is mass percent；The additive amount of mischmetal is the 0.03wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount；
The additive amount of Al-Zn intermediate alloys is the 0.02wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, the additive amount of Al-Ag intermediate alloys
For the 0.09wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount；
The additive amount of foundry returns is the 45% of raw material total amount.
Comparative example 1
The present embodiment is consistent with the additive amount of related raw material in embodiment 1, unlike, the additive amount of foundry returns is raw material
The 50% of total amount, remaining is constant.
Comparative example 2
In the present embodiment, do not use such as composite refining alterant provided by the present application, specifically, the additive amount of Al-Ti-B
For the 0.2wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, the additive amount of Al-Sr is the 0.016wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount；
Mischmetal includes 54% cerium, 22% lanthanum, 5% praseodymium, 18% neodymium, 0.03% yttrium, and non-rare earth impurity content≤
1%, the percentage composition is mass percent；The additive amount of mischmetal is the 0.02wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount；
The additive amount of foundry returns is the 45% of raw material total amount.
Comparative example 3
In the present embodiment, mischmetal is not added, remaining is constant, specifically：In the present embodiment, the additive amount of Al-Ti-B
For the 0.2wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, the additive amount of Al-Ti-C is the 0.2wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, and Al-Sr's adds
Dosage is the 0.016wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, and the additive amount of Al-Zr is the 0.012wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount；
The additive amount of Al-Zn intermediate alloys is the 0.016wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, the addition of Al-Ag intermediate alloys
Amount is the 0.06wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount；
The additive amount of foundry returns is the 45% of raw material total amount.
The aluminium alloy end properties test that above-described embodiment 1-5, comparative example 1-3 are obtained is shown in Table 1.
Table 1：
| Brinell hardness (HB) | Tensile strength (Mpa) | Yield strength | Elongation percentage (%) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 83.4 | 335.84 | 310.48 | 8.4 |
| Embodiment 2 | 82.1 | 333.54 | 308.67 | 8.2 |
| Embodiment 3 | 81.6 | 331.98 | 306.48 | 7.9 |
| Embodiment 4 | 80.9 | 328.49 | 303.15 | 7.8 |
| Embodiment 5 | 80.6 | 321.18 | 301.58 | 7.6 |
| Comparative example 1 | 73.9 | 278.48 | 269.48 | 12.2 |
| Comparative example 2 | 72.9 | 275.64 | 267.64 | 11.2 |
| Comparative example 3 | 75.7 | 272.48 | 265.15 | 10.9 |
In conjunction with above-mentioned test data, using composite refining alterant provided by the invention, even add in higher foundry returns
When dosage, obtaining Al-alloy products also has preferable comprehensive performance.
The basic principles and main features and the features of the present invention of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes
Change and improvement is both fallen in the range of claimed invention.The scope of protection of present invention is by appended claims
And its equivalent thereof.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of smelting technology of high tough die casting A356 aluminium alloys, includes the steps that melting raw material, removing the gred, refining, special
Sign is：To mix mischmetal, Al-Zn intermediate alloys, the conjunction of the centres Al-Ag in Al-Ti-B, Al-Ti-C and Al-Sr, Al-Zr
Gold is handled the molten aluminum of melting as composite refining alterant；
Wherein, the additive amount of the mischmetal is 0.01wt%~0.03wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, is closed among Al-Zn
The additive amount of gold is 0.012wt%~0.02wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, and the additive amount of Al-Ag intermediate alloys is aluminium alloy
0.04wt%~0.09wt% of melt total amount.
2. the smelting technology of the tough die casting A356 aluminium alloys of height according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The Al-Ti-
The additive amount of B is 0.1wt%~0.3wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, and the additive amount of Al-Ti-C is molten aluminium alloy total amount
The additive amount of 0.1wt%~0.3wt%, Al-Sr are 0.012wt%~0.02wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount, and Al-Zr's adds
Dosage is 0.01wt%~0.015wt% of molten aluminium alloy total amount.
3. the smelting technology of the tough die casting A356 aluminium alloys of height according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The mixing
Rare earth includes 45~55% ceriums, 20~28% lanthanums, 3~8% praseodymiums, 15~25% neodymiums, 0.01~0.05% yttrium, and non-rare earth impurity
Content≤1%, the percentage composition are mass percents.
4. the smelting technology of the tough die casting A356 aluminium alloys of height according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The mixing
Rare earth includes 52~55% ceriums, 21~24% lanthanums, 4~6% praseodymiums, 16~20% neodymiums, 0.01~0.05% yttrium, and non-rare earth impurity
Content≤1%, the percentage composition are mass percents.
5. the smelting technology of the tough die casting A356 aluminium alloys of height according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The raw material
In, the additive amount of foundry returns is no more than the 47% of raw material gross weight.
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| CN111519056A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-11 | 阿路米（无锡）有限公司 | Additive formula for eliminating pinhole defect of aluminum alloy |
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