CN108439946B

CN108439946B - Medium-temperature black body porcelain and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN108439946B
Application number: CN201810395305.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曾春
Original assignee: Liling Kelei Ceramic Glaze Co ltd
Current assignee: Liling Kelei Ceramic Glaze Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-04-27
Filing date: 2018-04-27
Publication date: 2020-06-19
Anticipated expiration: 2038-04-27
Also published as: CN108439946A

Abstract

The invention discloses medium-temperature black body porcelain, which is prepared from a blank and glaze, wherein the blank comprises the following raw materials: 20-23% of porcelain washing mud, 9-12% of plaster, 28-35% of white mud, 20-28% of red purple sand shale, 21-25% of quartz and 5-8% of tillite; the glaze material comprises the following raw materials: 30-35% by weight of potassium feldspar, 25-30% by weight of albite, 25-30% by weight of quartz, 10-15% by weight of limestone, 0-4% by weight of zinc oxide, 5-12% by weight of barium carbonate, 3-8% by weight of talc, 5-8% by weight of kaolin and 5-12% by weight of a pigment or 3-6% by weight of a color development oxide; the product has high firing rate, stable product performance, and no cracking and flaking of glaze.

Description

Medium-temperature black body porcelain and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic preparation, in particular to medium-temperature black body ceramic and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The existing ceramic body is white porcelain or stoneware, the lower the iron content is required to be, the better the ceramic body is, but the kaolin of the high-quality porcelain clay is limited and the mining is disordered, so that a high-quality porcelain clay kaolin ore is mined for a few years or more after being found, surface soil and tailings with slightly high iron content do not need to be brought into contact, and the resource waste is caused. Or the iron is removed by an elutriation high-power iron remover to cause environmental pollution and energy waste.

Therefore, the high-quality medium-temperature black matrix porcelain and the preparation method thereof are provided.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the invention provides a medium-temperature black body porcelain which is prepared from a blank and a glaze material;

the blank is prepared from the following raw materials: 20-23% of porcelain washing mud, 9-12% of plaster, 28-35% of white mud, 20-28% of red purple sand shale, 21-25% of quartz and 5-8% of tillite;

the glaze comprises the following raw materials: 30-35% by weight of potassium feldspar, 25-30% by weight of albite, 25-30% by weight of quartz, 10-15% by weight of limestone, 0-4% by weight of zinc oxide, 5-12% by weight of barium carbonate, 3-8% by weight of talc, 5-8% by weight of kaolin and 5-12% by weight of a pigment or 3-6% by weight of a color development oxide;

or, the glaze material comprises the following raw materials: 16-20% by weight of potassium feldspar, 13-15% by weight of albite, 18-23% by weight of quartz, 10-15% by weight of limestone, 10-20% by weight of barium carbonate, 15-20% by weight of talc, 5-8% by weight of kaolin, 3-9% by weight of alumina powder and 5-12% by weight of a pigment or 3-6% by weight of a color development oxide.

The medium-temperature black matrix porcelain comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight:

62-68.8% of SiO₂16.8 to 23.9% of Al₂O₃2.98-3.96% of Fe₂O₃0.3 to 0.55% of TiO₂0.2 to 0.7% of CaO, 0.5 to 0.8% of MgO, and 0.5 to 0.8% of Na₂O, 2.3-2.65% of K₂O and 4.8-5.3% of scorching; wherein the water absorption rate of the black matrix ceramic is less than or equal to 0.2 percent.

On the basis, the invention also provides a preparation method of the medium-temperature black matrix porcelain, which comprises the following production steps:

step one, 20-23% of porcelain washing mud, 9-12% of plaster, 28-35% of white mud, 20-28% of red purple sand shale, 21-25% of quartz and 5-8% of tillite by weight percentage;

step two, ball milling the ingredients in the step one, wherein the proportion of the ingredients, the balls and the water is 1:2:1.2, ball milling is carried out until the screen allowance of a 250-mesh sieve with the granularity of the ingredients is 0.06%, then slurry discharging is carried out, and then filter pressing and filter pressing are carried out to obtain mud cakes with the water content of 21-27%;

step three, on the basis of the step two, forming a blank by adopting a hand-pulling blank and rolling mode or a slip casting mode, and naturally drying the formed blank;

step four, drying the formed blank until the water content is lower than 3%, and then, carrying out biscuit firing in a kiln; wherein the biscuit firing temperature is 880-900 ℃, the firing temperature rise time is 7-8 h, and the biscuit is naturally cooled to a temperature lower than 100 ℃ after fire is turned off and then taken out of the kiln;

step five, glazing the biscuit, wherein the glazing specific gravity is 1.62-1.66, the baume degree of the glaze liquid is 54-58, and the thickness of the glaze layer is 1.5-3 mm;

and step six, performing kiln loading and glaze firing on the glazed blank, wherein the glaze firing set temperature is 1250 ℃, the firing time is 9 hours, and then obtaining the required product.

In the third step, if the blank is formed by adopting a hand-drawing and rolling manner, vacuum pugging is carried out for a plurality of times before forming, so that the water content of the batching pug is 21-23%; if the blank is formed by adopting a hollow grouting forming mode, the specific gravity of the slurry for hollow grouting forming is 1.76-1.80, and the grouting time is 35-60 minutes; when the blank is molded by high-pressure slip casting, the specific gravity of the slurry for high-pressure slip casting is 1.83 to 1.86.

In the fourth step, before the blank is sent into a kiln for biscuiting, the dried blank is subjected to surface finishing of strickling the seam line, benefiting the blank and finishing the bottom foot.

In the fifth step, the glazing mode comprises dipping glaze, spraying glaze or spraying glaze; when the multi-layer glazing method is adopted, the next glazing is carried out after the last glazing and drying.

And in the sixth step, when the kiln is installed, the distance between the adjacent blanks is not less than 3-5 mm, and a plurality of temperature measuring rings for measuring the actual temperature of the kiln are placed in the kiln.

In the sixth step, the glaze firing comprises the following stages:

and (3) low-temperature rise stage: raising the temperature from room temperature to 260 degrees, raising the temperature for 40min, raising the temperature from 260 degrees to 460 degrees, raising the temperature for 40min, raising the temperature from 460 degrees to 520 degrees, raising the temperature for 50min, raising the temperature from 520 degrees to 660 degrees, raising the temperature for 50min, raising the temperature from 660 degrees to 950 degrees, and raising the temperature for 50 min;

a medium temperature raising stage: heating 950 ℃ to 1050 ℃, heating for 40min, heating 1050 ℃ to 1150 ℃, heating for 60min, heating 1150 ℃ to 1180 ℃ and heating for 50 min;

a high-temperature heating stage: heating 1180 degrees to 1230 degrees for 40min, and heating 1230 degrees to 1250 degrees for 30 min;

and (3) high-temperature heat preservation stage: the temperature rise time is 20min when the temperature rises to 1246 degrees at 1240 degrees, and is 20min when the temperature rises to 1250 degrees at 1246 degrees;

and (3) a cooling stage: and (4) after the high-fire heat preservation stage is finished, turning off the kiln fire, rapidly cooling to 800 ℃, entering a slow cooling stage, cooling until the temperature is less than 100 ℃, and taking out of the kiln.

The glaze comprises the following raw materials: 30-35% by weight of potassium feldspar, 25-30% by weight of albite, 25-30% by weight of quartz, 10-15% by weight of limestone, 0-4% by weight of zinc oxide, 5-12% by weight of barium carbonate, 3-8% by weight of talc, 5-8% by weight of kaolin and 5-12% by weight of a pigment or 3-6% by weight of a color development oxide; or, the glaze material comprises the following raw materials: 16-20% by weight of potassium feldspar, 13-15% by weight of albite, 18-23% by weight of quartz, 10-15% by weight of limestone, 10-20% by weight of barium carbonate, 15-20% by weight of talc, 5-8% by weight of kaolin, 3-9% by weight of alumina powder and 5-12% by weight of a pigment or 3-6% by weight of a color development oxide.

On the basis, the invention also provides another preparation method of the medium-temperature black matrix porcelain, which comprises the following production steps:

step one, mixing 20-23 wt% of porcelain washing mud, 9-12 wt% of plaster, 28-35 wt% of white mud, 20-28 wt% of red purple sand shale, 21-25 wt% of quartz and 5-8 wt% of tillite;

step two, ball milling the ingredients in the step one, wherein the proportion of the ingredients, the balls and the water is 1:2:1.2, ball milling is carried out until the screen allowance of a 250-mesh sieve with the granularity of the ingredients is 0.06%, then slurry discharging is carried out, and then filter pressing is carried out to obtain mud cakes with the water content of 21-27%;

step four, after drying the formed blank until the water content is lower than 4%, glazing, wherein the glazing specific gravity is 1.62-1.66, the baume degree of the glaze liquid is 54-58, and the thickness of a glaze layer is 1.5-3 mm;

and fifthly, performing kiln loading and glaze firing on the glazed blank, wherein the glaze firing set temperature is 1250 ℃, and the firing time is 9 hours, so as to obtain the required product.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

in the invention, the ceramic product prepared by adopting the ingredients and the method has pure color and luster, beautiful appearance and strong surface artistic effect, and has high firing product rate, stable product performance, no cracking and no cracking of glaze surface.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it should be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a medium-temperature black body porcelain which is prepared from a blank and a glaze; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

In the embodiment, the ceramic product prepared from the raw materials has pure color and luster, beautiful appearance and strong surface artistic effect, and has high firing yield, stable product performance and no cracking and flaking of glaze.

When the blank needs to be glazed, the glaze is prepared from the following raw materials: 30-35% by weight of potassium feldspar, 25-30% by weight of albite, 25-30% by weight of quartz, 10-15% by weight of limestone, 0-4% by weight of zinc oxide, 5-12% by weight of barium carbonate, 3-8% by weight of talc, 5-8% by weight of kaolin and 5-12% by weight of a pigment or 3-6% by weight of a color development oxide;

when the blank needs to be glazed with a matt glaze, the glaze is prepared from the following raw materials: 16-20% by weight of potassium feldspar, 13-15% by weight of albite, 18-23% by weight of quartz, 10-15% by weight of limestone, 10-20% by weight of barium carbonate, 15-20% by weight of talc, 5-8% by weight of kaolin, 3-9% by weight of alumina powder and 5-12% by weight of a pigment or 3-6% by weight of a color development oxide.

Further, the medium-temperature black matrix porcelain in the embodiment comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight:

62-68.8% of SiO₂16.8 to 23.9% of Al₂O₃2.98-3.96% of Fe₂O₃0.3 to 0.55% of TiO₂0.2 to 0.7% of CaO, 0.5 to 0.8% of MgO, and 0.5 to 0.8% of Na₂O, 2.3-2.65% of K₂O and 4.8-5.3% burn reduction (I.L); wherein the water absorption rate of the black matrix ceramic is less than or equal to 0.2 percent.

Specifically, the chemical components and contents contained in the respective production raw materials of the ingot of the present example are shown in the following table:

composition (I)	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	TiO₂	CaO	MgO	Na₂O	K₂O	I.L
										Petuntse	59.87	26.58	1.13	1.13	0.47	0.46	0.81	4.18	5.2
Plaster	61.23	22.83	2.62	1.16	0.12	0.51	0.26	2.52	7.58
										White mud	55.65	25.36	3.67	0.86	0.03	2.12	0.84	2.52	8.42
Red purple sand shale	57.21	20.56	8.87	0.82	0.04	1.45	0.63	3.72	5.57
										Quartz crystal	99.98
Tillite	54.68	15.6	1.98	2.66	3.46	4.87	1.69	3.85	11.11

Example 2

On the basis of embodiment 1, this embodiment further provides a method for preparing medium-temperature black matrix porcelain, which includes the following steps:

step two, ball milling the ingredients in the step one, wherein the proportion of the ingredients, the balls and the water is 1:2:1.2, ball milling is carried out until the screen allowance of a 250-mesh sieve with the granularity of the ingredients is 0.06%, then slurry discharging is carried out, and then filter pressing and filter pressing are carried out to obtain mud cakes with the water content of 21-27%; in the embodiment, as a preferred embodiment, sodium polyacrylate with the concentration of 0.06% is added in the ball milling process, and the ball milling time is 30-36 h;

and step six, performing kiln loading and glaze firing on the glazed blank, wherein the set glaze firing temperature is 1350 degrees, the firing time is 9 hours, and then obtaining the required product.

In the third step, if the blank is formed by adopting a hand-drawing and rolling manner, vacuum pugging is carried out for a plurality of times before forming, so that the water content of the batching slurry is 21-23%; if the blank is formed by adopting a hollow grouting forming mode, the specific gravity of the slurry for hollow grouting forming is 1.76-1.80, and the grouting time is 35-60 minutes; if the blank is formed by adopting a high-pressure slip casting mode, the specific gravity of the mud for high-pressure slip casting is 1.83-1.86; during grouting forming, the slurry debonder comprises 0.3-0.5% of water glass and 0.2-0.4% of soda ash, the flow rate of grouting is 2 min 10 sec-2 min 20 sec, and the thickness of a formed blank is 3-5 mm.

In the fifth step, the glazing mode comprises dipping glaze, spraying glaze or spraying glaze; when the multi-layer glazing mode is adopted, the next glazing is carried out after the previous glazing and drying; meanwhile, the bottom of the glazed green body is wiped clean by using white fine sponge, so that the green body is prevented from sticking to a kiln plate during subsequent kiln loading.

In the sixth step, when the kiln is installed, the distance between the adjacent green bodies is not less than 3-5 mm, and a plurality of temperature measuring rings for measuring the actual temperature of the kiln are arranged in the kiln; preferably, 8-9 temperature measuring rings are arranged in the upper, lower, left and right directions of the kiln.

In the sixth step, the glaze firing comprises the following stages:

or, the glaze material comprises the following raw materials: 16-20% by weight of potassium feldspar, 13-15% by weight of albite, 18-23% by weight of quartz, 10-15% by weight of limestone, 10-20% by weight of barium carbonate, 15-20% by weight of talc, 5-8% by weight of kaolin, 3-9% by weight of alumina powder and 5-12% by weight of a pigment or 3-6% by weight of a color development oxide; wherein, the raw materials for preparing the glaze are ball-milled, wherein, the proportion of the raw materials for preparing, the ball and the water is 1:2: 0.65, and the raw materials for preparing, the ball and the water are sieved by a 200-mesh sieve after ball milling for 24 hours.

Example 3

The preparation method of the medium-temperature black matrix porcelain comprises the following production steps:

It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The medium-temperature black body porcelain is prepared from a blank and a glaze, and is characterized in that:

or, the glaze material comprises the following raw materials: 16-20% by weight of potassium feldspar, 13-15% by weight of albite, 18-23% by weight of quartz, 10-15% by weight of limestone, 10-20% by weight of barium carbonate, 15-20% by weight of talc, 5-8% by weight of kaolin, 3-9% by weight of alumina powder and 5-12% by weight of a pigment or 3-6% by weight of a color development oxide; the sum of all the components is 100 percent;

2. A method for preparing the medium-temperature black matrix porcelain according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following production steps:

step two, ball-milling the ingredients in the step one, wherein the proportion of the ingredients, the balls and the water is 1:2:1.2, ball-milling until the screen allowance of a 250-mesh screen with the ingredient granularity is 0.06%, then discharging slurry, and then press-filtering into mud cakes with the water content of 21-27%;