CN108436401B - Preparation method of Damascus titanium or zirconium - Google Patents
Preparation method of Damascus titanium or zirconium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The Damascus titanium or zirconium nonferrous metal is prepared by technological methods of grain design, substrate cleaning surface treatment, vacuum heat accumulation casting, argon arc welding reinforcement, surface milling, flaw detection, forging, rolling, heat treatment, surface polishing, corrosion color baking and the like, the Damascus titanium or zirconium nonferrous metal prepared by the method can be used for preparing various materials with different grains and colors according to the designed grains, and EDC products and outdoor small tools prepared by the Damascus titanium or zirconium nonferrous metal have beautiful appearances, light weight, corrosion resistance and high strength, and meet the requirements of more high-end EDC outdoor small tools and decoration clients; the method has the advantages that the method has a process method for manufacturing the Damascus lines by the method, the existing titanium and zirconium base materials can be directly prepared into Damascus non-ferrous metal blanks with unique styles, the requirements of people on high-end EDC outdoor small tools and ornaments are met, materials do not need to be imported from foreign countries, and the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of titanium or zirconium material preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of Damascus titanium or zirconium, which mainly relates to a preparation technology of titanium and zirconium materials for outdoor small tools, EDC products and decorative product accessories.
Background
With the global enthusiasm of people on outdoor small tools and EDC (Every Day Carry) products, the manufacturing materials are not limited to ordinary steel and aluminum alloy, and when titanium alloy, zirconium alloy and the like are gradually developed, more high-end customers not only require that the material performance is good, but also more desirable appearances, textures, colors and the like can be changed more. Such as: the application of the Damascus steel in the cutter industry is not only good in material performance, but also more in material with patterns, so that the produced cutter or other products have unique features. With the development of China and the improvement of income level of people, people are more and more interested in the use of the products, but the research, the design and the manufacturing process of the materials are all carried out in Russia, America, Germany, Switzerland and other foreign hands, and the products in China basically meet the requirements in an imported form. At present, along with the improvement of living standard of people, many domestic players seek better materials and texture processes for the enthusiasm of outdoor sports and the enthusiasm of producing playing pieces, so that many foreign enthusiasts are derived to research and produce titanium alloy and zirconium alloy textured materials, and domestic technology in this aspect is still blank temporarily, for example, the market price of the common titanium alloy smiling face coin in China is 39 yuan, while the market price of the titanium smiling face coin in China is 288 yuan because the materials are imported from Russia. Because the titanium coin has beautiful lines, a plurality of outdoor small tools and EDC product high-end customers select products made of titanium horse or zirconium horse materials, so that the final selling price of the same products is different by at least 10-30 times, and the production and purchase costs are greatly improved. There is therefore a need for improvements.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems solved by the invention are as follows: the invention provides a preparation method of Damascus titanium or zirconium, which is characterized in that a selected titanium substrate or a selected zirconium substrate is prepared into Damascus titanium and zirconium nonferrous metal mainly through technological methods of grain design, substrate cleaning surface treatment, vacuum hot accumulation casting, argon arc welding reinforcement, surface milling processing, flaw detection, forging, rolling, heat treatment, surface polishing, corrosion color baking and the like, the surface of the Damascus titanium and zirconium nonferrous metal presents different grains and colors according to the design, and EDC products and outdoor small tools prepared by the Damascus titanium and zirconium nonferrous metal have beautiful appearance, light weight, high corrosion resistance and strength and low manufacturing cost and meet the requirements of people in China.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the Damascus titanium or zirconium comprises the following steps:
(1) grain design: designing a hot-melting accumulation welding fusion casting accumulation diagram according to the requirements of people on the texture of a finished product, and selecting several titanium substrates or zirconium substrates with different specification brands corresponding to different texture colorations according to the number of layers and texture colorations designed in the hot-melting accumulation welding fusion casting accumulation diagram;
(2) cleaning a base material: carrying out impurity removal cleaning treatment on the prepared titanium substrate or zirconium substrate;
(3) vacuum hot-stacking fusion casting: in a vacuum welding box, according to the color of each grain in a designed hot-melt stacking welding fusion casting stacking diagram, selecting a titanium substrate or a zirconium substrate with a corresponding specification mark, and carrying out welding stacking fusion casting according to the layering sequence of the stacking diagram in a layering sequence to form a welding stacking blank, so that the height and the width of the formed welding stacking blank reach 3 times of those of the formed material;
(4) argon arc welding reinforcement: after the vacuum hot accumulation casting is finished, welding and reinforcing the welding and accumulation blank by adopting an argon arc welding method, and taking out the blank after the blank is completely cooled in a vacuum welding box;
(5) processing by a surface milling machine: processing irregular rugged welding lines on the surface of the welding piled blank by adopting a milling machine processing method to be flat;
(6) flaw detection: carrying out flaw detection on the interior of the welding stacking blank after the milling machine is processed, and preventing defects in a finished product;
(7) forging: designing grain routing according to a hot-melt stacking welding fusion casting stacking diagram, forging and forming a welding stacking blank, heating the forging temperature according to the highest forging temperature of a plurality of titanium base materials or zirconium base materials with different specification grades, ensuring the inside of the blank to be thoroughly heated, and finally forming a bar material or a square material;
(8) rolling: when a plate needs to be manufactured, forging the welding stacking blank into a plate blank according to a line routing mode designed by a hot-melting stacking welding fusion-casting stacking diagram, and then rolling to produce a corresponding plate;
(9) and (3) heat treatment: after the welding and stacking blank is forged or rolled, heat treatment and annealing are required;
(10) and (3) corrosion and color baking: the forged bar stock or square stock or plate stock is processed into a required product, then the surface of the product is polished and polished, the product presents different patterns and different color combinations through color baking, the product presents material stripe stereoscopic impression through corrosion, and the product presents different concave-convex grains according to different types of base materials and different corrosion capacities.
Further, in the step (1), the titanium substrate or the zirconium substrate is made of wires, and in titanium-based wires or zirconium-based wires of different specifications and brands, the diameter of each wire is 2-3 times of the width of the corresponding line in the stacking diagram, and the number of the titanium-based wires or the zirconium-based wires is determined according to the line color number in the hot-melt stacking, welding and casting stacking diagram.
Further, in the step (3), the stack welding mode adopts argon arc welding, the argon arc welding current is selected to ensure perfect fusion and no defect during welding between different base materials, and the current is selected between 250 and 320A according to the size of the wire.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. by adopting the scheme, nonferrous metals such as Damascus titanium, zirconium and the like can be prepared according to design lines, materials with different lines and colors can be prepared, EDC products and outdoor small tools prepared by the method are attractive in appearance, light in weight, corrosion resistant and high in strength, and the requirements of more high-end EDC outdoor small tools and decoration clients are met;
2. by adopting the preparation method, China can prepare the existing titanium and zirconium base materials into the Damascus non-ferrous metal blanks with the unique style by utilizing the own process method, the requirements of people on high-end EDC outdoor small tools and ornaments are met, materials do not need to be imported from foreign countries, and therefore the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a titanium horse texture structure manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1.
The preparation method of the Damascus titanium or zirconium comprises the following steps:
(1) grain design: according to the requirements of people on the lines of finished products, a hot-melting stacking welding fusion-casting stacking diagram is designed. Then selecting several titanium substrates or zirconium substrates with different specification marks corresponding to different grain colors according to the number of layers and grain colors designed in the hot-melt stacking welding fusion casting stacking diagram; the titanium-based material or the zirconium-based material is generally made of wires, and in the selected titanium-based wires or zirconium-based wires with different specifications and brands, the diameter of each wire is 2-3 times of the width of the corresponding line in the stacking chart, for example, the final line width is 1.5-2.5MM, and the diameter of the selected wire is 5 MM; the quantity of the titanium-based wire or the zirconium-based wire is determined according to the quantity of grain colors in a hot-melt stacking welding fusion-casting stacking diagram, for example, if a finished product is a combination of three grain colors, titanium or zirconium materials with three grades are selected;
(2) cleaning a base material: cleaning the prepared titanium substrate or zirconium substrate to remove oil, oxides and other impurities;
(3) vacuum hot-stacking fusion casting: in a vacuum welding box, according to the color of each grain in a designed hot-melt stacking welding fusion casting stacking diagram, selecting a titanium substrate or a zirconium substrate with a corresponding specification mark, and according to the layering sequence of the stacking diagram, carrying out layered sequential welding stacking fusion casting to form a welding stacking blank, so that the height and the width of the formed welding stacking blank reach 3 times of those of the forming material. In the step, firstly, layered sequential stacking welding is carried out in a vacuum state, in addition, the stacking welding mode adopts argon arc welding, the current of the argon arc welding is selected to ensure perfect fusion during welding of different base materials, the defects of air holes and the like cannot exist, and the current is selected between 250-320A according to the size of a wire material;
(4) argon arc welding reinforcement: after the vacuum hot accumulation casting is finished, welding and reinforcing the welding and accumulation blank by adopting an argon arc welding method, and taking out the blank after the blank is completely cooled in a vacuum welding box so as to ensure the stability of the grain trend during forging;
(5) surface milling: because the welding is carried out by hot melting, and after the blank is formed, irregular and uneven welding lines can be presented on the surface of the welding and stacking blank, in order to ensure that the defects of cracks, impurities and the like do not appear in the forging and forming process, the irregular and uneven welding lines presented on the surface of the welding and stacking blank are processed and leveled by adopting a milling machine processing method;
(6) flaw detection: in order to ensure the integrity of the interior of the material and ensure high yield, the interior of the welding stacking blank is subjected to flaw detection after being processed by a milling machine, so that the defect in the finished product is prevented from influencing the quality of the formed product;
(7) forging: designing grain routing according to a hot-melt stacking welding fusion casting stacking diagram, forging and forming a welding stacking blank, heating the forging temperature according to the highest forging temperature of a plurality of titanium base materials or zirconium base materials with different specification grades, ensuring the inside of the blank to be thoroughly heated, and finally forming a bar material or a square material;
(8) rolling: when a plate needs to be manufactured, forging the welding stacking blank into a plate blank according to a line routing mode designed by a hot-melting stacking welding fusion-casting stacking diagram, and then rolling to produce a corresponding plate;
(9) and (3) heat treatment: after the welding and stacking blank is forged or rolled, heat treatment annealing is required to be carried out so as to ensure that the material has excellent performance;
(10) and (3) corrosion and color baking: after heat treatment, the forged bar stock or square stock or plate stock can be processed into a required product, then the surface of the product is polished, the product presents different patterns and different color combinations through color baking, the product presents material stripe stereoscopic impression through corrosion, and the product presents different concave-convex lines according to different types of base materials and different corrosion capacities.
The first embodiment is as follows: damascus titanium
The product to be formed in this embodiment is a three-color water wave bar with a diameter of 25MM and a length of 2 m.
(1) Designing a three-color hot-melt stacking welding fusion-casting stacking diagram of water wave patterns, and then preparing three grades of titanium wires with the diameter of 5MM according to the layer number and the line color of the three-color hot-melt stacking welding fusion-casting stacking diagram of the water wave patterns: TA1, TC4, 1533, and 100 × 150 × 5MM pure titanium substrate, wherein the diameters of the three brands of titanium wire base materials are 2-3 times of the widths of the corresponding lines in the stacking graph.
(2) Three grades of titanium wires of TA1, TC4 and 1533 and a pure titanium substrate of 100 × 150 × 5MM are subjected to chemical treatment such as degreasing, impurity removal and the like, and finally ultrasonic surface cleaning treatment is carried out to ensure that no residual impurities exist on the surface of the material.
(3) And (3) putting the cleaned substrate into a vacuum welding box, carrying out transverse stacking welding according to the designed lines and the width, wherein the current of an argon arc welding machine is 280-320, and the current is properly adjusted according to the compatibility of actual materials and the stacking fusion degree. 1533-TA1-TC4-TA1-1533-TA1-TC4 are sequentially stacked and welded layer by layer, TA1 materials are clamped between TC4-1533 materials during welding, TA1 materials can be better fused with other materials of two brands, the welding height is about 3MM for each layer, the total height of welding stacking is about 100MM, about 30 layers are formed, and finally welding stacking blanks are formed, so that the height and the width of the formed welding stacking blanks reach 3 times of those of formed materials.
(4) And performing four-side tie bar welding on the welding accumulated blank by adopting argon arc welding, and then taking out the blank after completely cooling in a vacuum welding box.
(5) The milling machine thoroughly machines and levels the uneven lines on the surface of the blank, and 6 surfaces are guaranteed to be machined surfaces.
(6) And then flaw detection is carried out on the blank machined by the milling machine, and no defect such as air holes and the like in the material are ensured.
(7) According to the difference of chemical compositions and physical properties of the three materials of TA1, TC4 and 1533, the forging temperature must reach 1050-1180 hours, and the heating is carried out for about 1.5-2 hours to ensure the heat penetration in the materials. Then using a 250KG forging air hammer to perform uniform forging along the length direction, performing upsetting along the length direction for three times to finally obtain a 40MM square rod, then rounding to about 35MM, then putting the material into a forging die, and forming into a 30MM blank rod. The temperature of the material needs to be known in the forging process, if the temperature is low, the material needs to be heated and forged in time, low-temperature forging cannot be performed forcibly, and otherwise, the material is cracked inside.
(8) If plates are needed, after the blanks are forged into slabs, rolling is carried out by a rolling mill, and the rolling temperature and the rolling direction are consistent with those of forging.
(9) After the blank is formed, stress relief and annealing treatment are carried out, the temperature is raised to 1050 ℃ through heat treatment, heat preservation is carried out for 2 hours, and cooling is carried out in a vacuum furnace.
(10) Finally, according to the corresponding product, the material is cut, processed and molded into a finished product, the surface of the finished product is polished and polished, and then the finished product is baked, so that the end face of the finished product presents three colors of water wave patterns with TA1 color 1, TC4 color 2 and 1533 color 3, as shown in figure 1.
Example two: damascus titanium zirconium alloy
The product to be formed in this embodiment is a three-color water wave bar with a diameter of 25MM and a length of 2 m.
(1) Designing a water wave three-color hot-melt stacking welding fusion-casting stacking diagram, and then preparing three grades of wires with the diameter of 5MM according to the number of layers and the grain color of the water wave three-color hot-melt stacking welding fusion-casting stacking diagram: TA1, TC4, zirconium 702, and 100 × 150 × 5MM zirconium 702 substrates, wherein the diameters of the three grades of wire are 2-3 times the width of the corresponding grain in the stacking chart.
(2) Three grades of wires of TA1, TC4 and zirconium 702 and a pure titanium substrate of 100 × 150 × 5MM are subjected to chemical treatment such as degreasing, impurity removal and the like, and finally ultrasonic surface cleaning treatment is carried out to ensure that no residual impurities exist on the surface of the material.
(3) And (3) putting the cleaned substrate into a vacuum welding box, carrying out transverse stacking welding according to the designed lines and the width, wherein the current of an argon arc welding machine is 280-320, and the current is properly adjusted according to the compatibility of actual materials and the stacking fusion degree. Zirconium 702-TA1-TC4-TA 1-zirconium 702-TA1-TC4 is sequentially stacked and welded layer by layer, a TA1 material is clamped between TC 4-zirconium 702 materials during welding, the TA1 material is guaranteed to be better fused with other materials of two grades, the welding height is about 3MM for each layer, the total height of welding stacking is about 100MM, about 30 layers are formed, and finally a welding stacking blank is formed, so that the height and the width of the formed welding stacking blank are 3 times of those of a forming material.
(4) And performing four-side tie bar welding on the welding accumulated blank by adopting argon arc welding, and then taking out the blank after completely cooling in a vacuum welding box.
(5) The milling machine thoroughly machines and levels the uneven lines on the surface of the blank, and 6 surfaces are guaranteed to be machined surfaces.
(6) And then flaw detection is carried out on the blank machined by the milling machine, and no defect such as air holes and the like in the material are ensured.
(7) According to the difference of chemical compositions and physical properties of the three materials of TA1, TC4 and zirconium 702, the forging temperature must reach 1050-1180 hours, and the heating is carried out for about 1.5-2 hours to ensure the heat penetration inside the material. Then using a 250KG forging air hammer to perform uniform forging along the length direction, performing upsetting along the length direction for three times to finally obtain a 40MM square rod, then rounding to about 35MM, then putting the material into a forging die, and forming into a 30MM blank rod. The temperature of the material needs to be known in the forging process, if the temperature is low, the material needs to be heated and forged in time, low-temperature forging cannot be performed forcibly, and otherwise, the material is cracked inside.
(8) If plates are needed, after the blanks are forged into slabs, rolling is carried out by a rolling mill, and the rolling temperature and the rolling direction are consistent with those of forging.
(9) After the blank is formed, stress relief and annealing treatment are carried out, the temperature is raised to 1050 ℃ through heat treatment, heat preservation is carried out for 2 hours, and cooling is carried out in a vacuum furnace.
(10) Finally, according to the corresponding product, the material is cut, processed and formed into a finished product, the surface of the finished product is polished and then is baked, and the end face of the finished product presents three colors of water wave patterns with TA1 color 1, TC4 color 2 and zirconium 702 color 3, as shown in figure 1.
The nonferrous metals such as Damascus titanium, zirconium and the like are prepared by the method, various materials with different lines and colors can be prepared according to the designed lines, and EDC products and outdoor small tools prepared by the method have beautiful appearances, light weight, corrosion resistance and high strength, and meet the requirements of more high-end EDC outdoor small tools and decoration clients; by adopting the preparation method, China has a process method for manufacturing the Damascus lines by self, can directly prepare the existing titanium and zirconium base materials into Damascus non-ferrous titanium and zirconium metal blanks with a unique style, meets the requirements of people on high-end EDC outdoor small tools and ornaments, does not need to import materials from foreign countries, and thus greatly reduces the manufacturing cost.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and therefore, all equivalent changes made by the contents of the claims of the present invention should be included in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The preparation method of the Damascus titanium or zirconium is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) grain design: designing a hot-melting accumulation welding fusion casting accumulation diagram according to the requirements of people on the texture of a finished product, and selecting several titanium substrates or zirconium substrates with different specification brands corresponding to different texture colorations according to the number of layers and texture colorations designed in the hot-melting accumulation welding fusion casting accumulation diagram; the titanium substrate or the zirconium substrate are made of wires, the diameter of each wire in the titanium-based wires or the zirconium-based wires of different specifications and brands is 2-3 times of the width of the corresponding line in the stacking chart, and the number of the titanium-based wires or the zirconium-based wires is determined according to the line color number in the hot-melt stacking welding fusion-casting stacking chart;
(2) cleaning a base material: carrying out impurity removal cleaning treatment on the prepared titanium substrate or zirconium substrate;
(3) vacuum hot-stacking fusion casting: in a vacuum welding box, according to the color of each grain in a designed hot-melt stacking welding fusion casting stacking diagram, selecting a titanium substrate or a zirconium substrate with a corresponding specification mark, and carrying out welding stacking fusion casting according to the layering sequence of the stacking diagram in a layering sequence to form a welding stacking blank, so that the height and the width of the formed welding stacking blank reach 3 times of those of the formed material;
(4) argon arc welding reinforcement: after the vacuum hot accumulation casting is finished, welding and reinforcing the welding and accumulation blank by adopting an argon arc welding method, and taking out the blank after the blank is completely cooled in a vacuum welding box;
(5) surface milling: processing irregular rugged welding lines on the surface of the welding piled blank by adopting a milling machine processing method to be flat;
(6) flaw detection: carrying out flaw detection on the interior of the welding stacking blank after the milling machine is processed, and preventing defects in a finished product;
(7) forging: designing grain routing according to a hot-melt stacking welding fusion casting stacking diagram, forging and forming a welding stacking blank, heating the forging temperature according to the highest forging temperature of a plurality of titanium base materials or zirconium base materials with different specification grades, ensuring the inside of the blank to be thoroughly heated, and finally forming a bar material or a square material;
(8) rolling: when a plate needs to be manufactured, forging the welding stacking blank into a plate blank according to a line routing mode designed by a hot-melting stacking welding fusion-casting stacking diagram, and then rolling to produce a corresponding plate;
(9) and (3) heat treatment: after the welding and stacking blank is forged or rolled, heat treatment and annealing are required;
(10) and (3) corrosion and color baking: the forged bar stock or square stock or plate stock is processed into a required product, then the surface of the product is polished and polished, the product presents different patterns and different color combinations through color baking, the product presents material stripe stereoscopic impression through corrosion, and the product presents different concave-convex grains according to different types of base materials and different corrosion capacities.
2. The method for preparing damascene titanium or zirconium according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the stack welding mode adopts argon arc welding, the argon arc welding current is selected to ensure perfect fusion and no defect during welding of different base materials, and the current is selected between 250 and 320A according to the size of the wire.
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