CN108432110A - Dc/dc转换器 - Google Patents

Dc/dc转换器 Download PDF

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CN108432110A
CN108432110A CN201680075863.2A CN201680075863A CN108432110A CN 108432110 A CN108432110 A CN 108432110A CN 201680075863 A CN201680075863 A CN 201680075863A CN 108432110 A CN108432110 A CN 108432110A
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switch
inductor
converters
capacitor
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索伦·博斯
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Nuclear Engineering Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/02—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0083—Converters characterised by their input or output configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0095—Hybrid converter topologies, e.g. NPC mixed with flying capacitor, thyristor converter mixed with MMC or charge pump mixed with buck
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/34—Snubber circuits
    • H02M1/342—Active non-dissipative snubbers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
    • H02M3/07—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/1557—Single ended primary inductor converters [SEPIC]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

本发明的目的在于提供一种DC/DC转换器，其能够容易且廉价地制造，并且利用该DC/DC转换器，具有叠加直流电流的交流分量在输出电压(纹波)中被减小。这是通过实施例来实现的，在该实施例中DC/DC转换器包括输入端(2)、输出端(3)、布置在输入端(2)和输出端(3)之间并且其中布置有至少一个第一电感器(4)和第一电容器(5)的串联臂以及布置在输出端(3)处的第一分流臂中的电容器(8)。平行于第一分流臂布置的第二分流臂配备有串联布置的第一开关(9)和第二开关(10)以及第二电感器(7)，使得电感器的第一连接部连接到第一电感器(4)和第一电容器(5)之间的点，并且电感器的第二连接部连接到第一开关和第二开关(9，10)之间的点。

Description

DC/DC转换器
本发明涉及一种DC/DC转换器，其具有输入端和输出端、布置在输入端和输出端之间的纵向臂以及布置在输出端处的第一分流臂(shunt arm)中的电容器与具有不同布置的第二电感器和两个开关的另一分流臂，在该纵向臂中布置有至少第一电感器和第一电容器。
在许多技术领域中，需要转换可用的DC电压来操作连接的负载。可用的所谓电源输入电压Ue的这种转换可以例如利用DC/DC转换器来执行，其中DC/DC转换器可以为连接的负载生成小于或大于输入电压Ue的输出电压Ua。
这样的DC转换器可应用于例如机器或工业厂房、各种电子设备和车辆制造中。例如，这样的DC转换器在通常用于计算机、笔记本电脑、移动电话、高保真设备和小型电动机的所谓的开关电源中是常见的。
这样的转换器的优点是提高了效率并减少了热量产生。
为了转换电能，通常使用所谓的时钟转换器作为DC/DC转换器，其使用控制信号进行控制，该控制信号确定用于切换布置在转换器中的单个开关的时钟信号。通常，一个或更多个无源电存储设备(诸如电容器和/或电感器)布置在这样的转换器中。用于将输入电压转换成输出电压的工作原理是无源电存储设备的受控循环充电和放电。
例如，使用诸如BJT(双极结型晶体管)、MOSFET(金属-氧化物-半导体场效应晶体管)或IGBT(绝缘栅双极晶体管)等有源电半导体开关来代替在DC/DC转换器中所需的开关。
由于无源电存储设备(诸如电容器和/或电感器)的循环充电和放电，在功率控制器的输入端和/或输出端处的结果是三角形电流曲线或电压曲线。这种效应也称为纹波并代表叠加在直流电流上的任意频率和波形的交流电流。也使用脉动直流电流的概念。
这些高频纹波产生谐波，其在其他连接的电子部件中引起扰动。为了限制这些干扰电磁场，通常尝试通过使用更大的或额外使用的部件来使纹波衰减。这样的方法可以在英国吉尔福德的萨里大学的萨利航天中心的David C.Hamill的“A 'Zero'RippleTechnique Applicable To Any DC Converter”(d.hamill@surrey.ac.uk)以及EricCHOU,Frank CHEN,Claudio Adragna,Bruce LU的“Ripple Steering AC-DC Convertersto Minimize Input Filter”中找到。
此外，如在N.K.Poon、J.C.P.Liu、C.K.Tse和M.H.Pong的“输入纹波电流消除的技术：应用及实现”中所公开的，已经提出了通过附加的有效源来减少纹波的想法。可选地，使用耦合的电感器来最小化扰动的修改也从AN3180Application Note利用L6563S,STMicroelectronics的一种200W的无纹波输入电流PFC预调节器中得知。
本发明的目的是提供一种DC/DC转换器，其制造简单且廉价，并且其在输出电压中叠加在直流电流上的交流分量(纹波)被减小。
该目的通过具有根据独立权利要求1、2或3的特征的设备来实现。从属权利要求4至5叙述了进一步的改进。
设想以至少电感器和电容器布置在纵向臂中的这样的方式实现DC/DC转换器。在输出侧分流臂中布置额外的电容器。在第一变型中，两个开关布置在与该输出侧分流臂并联连接的并联电路中，其中这两个开关之间的中心抽头与另一电感器的第一端子连接。该电感器的第二端子连接到在布置在纵向臂中的电感器与电容器之间的点。
在DC/DC转换器的可选实施例中，提供了在另一分流臂中布置电感器和开关而不是两个开关。在这种串联连接中，两个部件的位置也可以互换。位于两个部件之间的点连接到第一开关的端子，第一开关的第二端子连接到布置在纵向臂中的电感器和电容器之间的点。
有利地，有源半导体开关可以用于DC/DC转换器中的开关。
这些有源半导体开关可以是例如BJT、MOSFET或IGBT。然而，可能的实施例不限于这些列出的半导体开关。
根据参考附图的示例性实施例的以下描述，本发明的实施例的另外的细节、特征和优点将变得明显。
图1：现有技术的DC/DC转换器(SEPIC转换器)，
图2：根据本发明的DC/DC转换器的第一实现方式，
图3：根据本发明的DC/DC转换器的第二实现方式，
图4：根据本发明的DC/DC转换器的第三实现方式，
图5：根据本发明的DC/DC转换器在AC电桥中的应用，以及
图6：检测到的纹波在现有技术和本发明之间的比较的图形表示。
图1示出了现有技术的DC/DC转换器1。所示的DC/DC转换器1是所谓的SEPIC转换器(SEPIC——单端初级电感器转换器)，其被选作由无源的4个存储设备(例如两个电容器和两个电感器)构成的非电流隔离的转换器组的代表性示例。该DC/DC转换器的特性使得能够以输出电压可以小于或大于输入电压的这样的方式操作。
DC/DC转换器1具有可向其施加输入电压Ue的输入端2和供给已由DC/DC转换器1转换的输出电压Ua的输出端3。DC/DC转换器1能够供给可大于或小于输入电压Ue的输出电压Ua。
DC/DC转换器1在纵向臂中具有第一电感器4、第一电容器5和二极管6。在输出侧分流臂中，第二电容器8与连接到输出端3的负载电阻器并联布置，该负载电阻器未在图2中示出。在另一分流臂中，第二电感器7布置在第一电容器5和二极管6之间。第一开关9也布置在第一电感器4和第一电容器5之间的第三分流臂中。
当图1所示的DC/DC转换器1中的开关9闭合时，输入电压存在于第一电感器4处。同时，在第一电容器5处存在具有与输入端2处的输入电压相对应的值的电压。流过第一电感器4和第二电感器7的电流增加，其中能量存储在电感器4和7中。
此时，由于二极管6被阻断，所以布置在输出侧的第二电容器8为连接的负载或消费者供给输出电流。当开关9断开时，第一电感器4和第二电感器7处的电压极性反转。二极管6导通并将存储的能量供给到第二电容器8，从而也供给到连接的负载。
图2示出了根据本发明的DC/DC转换器1的第一实现方式。DC/DC转换器1在其纵向臂中，即在其输入端2和其输出端3之间，具有至少第一电感器4和第一电容器5。在输出侧分流臂中布置有与输出端3处的未示出的负载并联连接的第二电容器8。
串联连接的第一开关9和第二开关10也布置成与输出端3和第二电容器8并联。第二电感器7设置在第一电感器4和第一电容器5之间，并且端子设置在串联连接的开关9和开关10之间。
优选地，开关9和10被实现为有源半导体开关。例如，可以使用BJT(双极结型晶体管)、MOSFET(金属-氧化物-半导体场效应晶体管)、IGBT(绝缘栅双极晶体管)或其他开关。
设想用由中央控制器(其未在图2中示出)产生的控制信号来控制开关。中央控制器提供用于机械或电子开关9和10的控制信号，使得开关9和10被交替地激活。因此，当开关10断开时开关9闭合，反之亦然。
在图2中所示的根据本发明的电路布置中，电流的流动方向取决于开关9和10的控制信号的选定占空比以及存在于输入端2和输出端3处的电压Ue和Ua。
开关9和10可以使用状态空间平均法和特殊形式的零电压开关来控制，其中振荡电路平行于开关布置，并且由附加的开关脉冲主动激励以振荡。
图2中的DC/DC转换器1能够从施加到输入端2的输入电压Ue产生输出端3处的较大的输出电压Ua。在这种DC/DC转换器1中，根据本发明，纹波被减小，即输入端2处的脉动直流电流较小。输入端可以与输出端互换，从而使操作反转。当输入电压Ue被施加到输出端3并且相应地控制DC/DC转换器1时，在输入端2处供给输出电压Ua，该输出电压Ua例如小于Ue。
在DC/DC转换器的操作被反转的情况下，减小的纹波不再存在于转换器的输入侧，而是存在于输出侧。
图3示出了根据本发明的DC/DC转换器1的第二实现方式。DC/DC转换器1在其输入端2和其输出端3之间的其纵向臂中具有至少第一电感器4和第一电容器5。在输出侧分流臂中布置有与输出端3处的未示出的负载并联连接的第二电容器8。
此外，串联连接的第二电感器7和第二开关10与输出端3和第二电容器8并联布置。第一开关9布置在第一电感器4和第一电容器5之间，并且端子设置在第二电感器7和第一开关9之间。
图4示出了根据本发明的DC/DC转换器1的第三实现方式。DC/DC转换器1在其输入端2和其输出端3之间的其纵向臂中具有至少第一电感器4和第一电容器5。在输出侧分流臂中布置有与输出端3处的未示出的负载并联连接的第二电容器8。
同样，串联连接的第二开关10和第二电感器7与输出端3和第二电容器8并联布置。第二开关9连接在第一电感器4和第一电容器5之间，并且端子设置在串联连接的元件，即开关10和第二电感器7之间。
在图4中所示的DC/DC转换器1中，输出端3处的电压极性被反转。
开关9和10可以通过状态空间平均法以及特殊形式的零电压开关来控制，其中振荡电路平行于开关，并且由附加的开关脉冲主动激励以振荡。
在诸如IGBT或MOSFET等有源半导体开关用于开关9和/或10的情况下，这些开关9和/或10在开关9和/或10未被激活的状态下形成二极管。该二极管允许定向电流流动。在开关9和/或10中的一个或两个被激活的情况下，半导体开关具有非常低的转移电阻，并且使得电流能够沿任何方向流动。
图5示出了DC/DC转换器1在AC电桥中的应用。例如，为了产生负载(诸如电动机)所需的正弦AC电压，使用两个DC/DC转换器1。电压源在输入侧连接到两个DC/DC转换器1的输入端。图5的上部中所示的DC/DC转换器1响应于用于DC/DC转换器1中的开关9和10的相应的控制信号而产生正半波。这在图5中以电流I1的电流-时间曲线的小图示出。负半波由下部DC/DC转换器1产生。电流I2的相应曲线也以小图示出。
已经证明，当将根据图2的本发明的DC/DC转换器1与现有技术的SEPIC转换器进行比较时，扰动纹波能够被大大减小。如图6中部分所示，比较测量结果表明，电流-时间曲线的上部中所示的SEPIC转换器表现出约4A范围内的纹波电流，而电流-时间曲线的下部中所示的根据本发明的转换器具有约4mA范围内的纹波电流。因此，通过本发明，纹波可以被极大地最小化。
本发明可用于电能转换的许多领域，例如：
-单向或双向DC/DC转换，
-将DC版本扩展到AC电桥，
-能源的阻抗谱(低纹波)，
-电动机的控制，或
-电池管理系统中的电池充电。
下面将描述本发明在阻抗谱中的示例性应用。
诸如蓄电池或燃料电池等电化学能源的特性阻抗提供关于该源的内部状态的信息。为了测量阻抗，向该源供给目标扰动电流并测量电压响应，或者在该源上叠加扰动电压并检测电流的反应。在这两种情况下，纹波电流或纹波电压叠加在该目标扰动信号上。利用所阐述的本发明，纹波电流的影响可以被显著减小，从而允许显著改善的阻抗测量，这几乎不受扰动的影响。
根据本发明的DC/DC转换器有利地减小了纹波，而不需要借助于DC/DC转换器电路中的附加的、更大的或不同的部件。另一个优点是DC/DC转换器中使用的部件没有特定的尺寸要求。
参考符号列表
1 DC/DC转换器
2 输入端
3 输出端
4 第一电感器
5 第一电容器、电容器
6 二极管
7 第二电感器
8 第二电容器、电容器
9 第一开关
10 第二开关

Claims (5)

1.一种DC/DC转换器，包括：
输入端(2)和输出端(3)；
纵向臂，其布置在所述输入端(2)和所述输出端(3)之间，在所述纵向臂中布置至少第一电感器(4)和第一电容器(5)；以及
电容器(8)，其布置在所述输出端(3)处的第一分流臂中，
其特征在于，串联连接的第一开关(9)和第二开关(10)布置在与所述第一分流臂并联的第二分流臂中，并且第二电感器(7)布置成使得其第一端子连接到在所述第一电感器(4)和所述第一电容器(5)之间的点并且其第二端子连接到在所述第一开关(9)和所述第二开关(10)之间的点。
2.一种DC/DC转换器，包括：
输入端(2)和输出端(3)；
纵向臂，其布置在所述输入端(2)和所述输出端(3)之间，在所述纵向臂中布置第一电感器(4)和第一电容器(5)；以及
电容器(8)，其布置在所述输出端(3)处的第一分流臂中，
其特征在于，串联连接的第二电感器(7)和第二开关(10)布置在与所述第一分流臂并联的第二分流臂中，其中所述第二电感器(7)的远离第二开关(10)的端子直接连接到所述输出端(3)，并且第一开关(9)布置成使得其第一端子连接到在所述第二电感器(7)和所述第二开关(10)之间的点并且其第二端子连接到在所述第一电感器(4)和所述第一电容器(5)之间的点。
3.一种DC/DC转换器，包括：
输入端(2)和输出端(3)；
纵向臂，其布置在所述输入端(2)和所述输出端(3)之间，在所述纵向臂中布置第一电感器(4)和第一电容器(5)；以及
电容器(8)，其布置在所述输出端(3)处的第一分流臂中，
其特征在于，串联连接的第二开关(10)和第二电感器(7)布置在与所述第一分流臂并联的第二分流臂中，其中所述第二开关(10)的远离所述第二电感器(7)的端子直接连接到所述输出端(3)，并且第一开关(9)布置成使得其第一端子连接到在所述第二开关(10)和所述第二电感器(7)之间的点并且其第二端子连接到在所述第一电感器(4)和所述第一电容器(5)之间的点。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的DC/DC转换器，其特征在于，有源半导体开关被布置为所述第一开关(9)和/或所述第二开关(10)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的DC/DC转换器，其特征在于，所述半导体开关是BJT、MOSFET或IGBT。
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