CN108429236A - A kind of leakage protection circuit and method - Google Patents

A kind of leakage protection circuit and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108429236A
CN108429236A CN201810143661.8A CN201810143661A CN108429236A CN 108429236 A CN108429236 A CN 108429236A CN 201810143661 A CN201810143661 A CN 201810143661A CN 108429236 A CN108429236 A CN 108429236A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
switch
current
detection
circuit
threshold
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
CN201810143661.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
何耀华
任远程
周逊伟
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Joulwatt Technology Hangzhou Co Ltd
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Joulwatt Technology Hangzhou Co Ltd
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Publication of CN108429236A publication Critical patent/CN108429236A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/16Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to fault current to earth, frame or mass
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/44Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to the rate of change of electrical quantities
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/26Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents
    • H02H3/32Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02Details
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/62Testing of transformers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02Details
    • H02H3/06Details with automatic reconnection
    • H02H3/066Reconnection being a consequence of eliminating the fault which caused disconnection
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/02Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
    • H02H9/025Current limitation using field effect transistors

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of leakage protection circuit and method, leakage protection circuit includes:Current detection circuit, detection flow through the electric current for being connected to the first switch on major loop, obtain the current detection signal that characterization flows through first switch electric current, and the current detection signal is less than first threshold, then judges that there are leakies for input terminal;Control circuit, the turn-on and turn-off for controlling first switch, during the first switch conducting described in detection-phase, the current detection circuit detection flows through the electric current of first switch, if the current detection signal is less than first threshold, the first switch is controlled by control circuit and is turned off;If the current detection signal reaches first threshold, the first switch continues to be connected, and Current limited Control is carried out to first switch after detection-phase and/or first switch continue conducting.The present invention, which can limit, flows through the maximum current of switching tube to protect switching tube.

Description

A kind of leakage protection circuit and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to power electronics fields, more specifically, being related to a kind of earth leakage protective circuit and method.
Background technology
In loading installation process, because of the logical situation of possible generating unit tap during the installation process, if human body is not small at this time The heart contacts, then is easy to get an electric shock, influences safety operation.For example, in lighting area, since more lamp holder also maintains both-end access Interface, when being replaced to original fluorescent tube, fluorescent tube general or using double-width grinding.The double-width grinding refer to by The connector of ac input end is respectively provided at lamp tube ends, and in this case, lamp is generally first inserted into one end therein by operator Seat, is then inserted into the other end, since operator's hand needs to grasp, in the end of fluorescent tube, to be likely to be exposed the gold of end conduction The case where belonging to, being easy to happen electric shock, therefore be important to the earth leakage protective in the case of this kind.
It is connected with switching tube in power supply and power stage circuit in the prior art, is first connected when starting entire circuit work Switching tube detects the electric current by switching tube, using the size of the electric current to determine whether leaky occurs, when the electric current is small When given threshold, when determining input terminal generation leaky, on-off switching tube cuts off entire circuit, to leak electricity Protection maintains switching tube conducting state if the electric current is more than the threshold value.But in the prior art, in some cases, such as exist When being in contact bad phenomenon after detection-phase or switching tube conducting, the electric current for flowing through switching tube is excessive, can damage switching tube.
Invention content
In view of this, the present invention proposes a kind of leakage protection circuit and method that can be limited and flow through switch tube current, use In solving to flow through switch in the prior art, tube current is larger in turn results in the technical issues of switching tube is easily damaged.
The present invention provides a kind of leakage protection circuits, including:
Current detection circuit, detection flow through the electric current for being connected to the first switch on major loop, obtain characterization and flow through first The current detection signal of switching current, the current detection signal are less than first threshold, then it is existing to judge that input terminal has electric leakage As;
Control circuit controls the turn-on and turn-off of first switch, described during the first switch conducting described in detection-phase Current detection circuit detects the electric current for flowing through first switch, if the current detection signal is less than first threshold, by control electricity Road controls the first switch shutdown;If the current detection signal reaches first threshold, the first switch continues to be connected, Current limited Control is carried out to first switch after detection-phase and/or first switch continue conducting.
Optionally, the leakage protection circuit further includes voltage detecting circuit, voltage detecting circuit detection input voltage Or the voltage of the first switch first end or the pressure difference of the first switch first end and second end, obtain voltage detecting letter Number, the voltage detection signal reaches second threshold, and control circuit controls the first switch conducting, current detection circuit detection Flow through the electric current of first switch.
Optionally, after the first switch shutdown, current detection circuit carries out detection of electrical leakage again.
Optionally, the control circuit includes current-limiting circuit, the current-limiting circuit detection-phase and/or first switch after The maximum current for flowing through first switch is limited to setting value after continuous conducting.
Optionally, in the detection-phase, when the first current signal of the electric current that characterization flows through the first switch reaches When to third threshold value, the current-limiting circuit carries out Current limited Control to the first switch.
Optionally, after the first switch continues conducting, when characterization flows through the first electricity of the electric current of the first switch When stream signal reaches four threshold values, the current-limiting circuit carries out Current limited Control to the first switch, and the 4th threshold value is less than The third threshold value.
Optionally, the current-limiting circuit includes the first operational amplifier and second switch or/and third switch, and described the The first input end of one operational amplifier receives third threshold value through second switch, or/and is switched through third and receive the 4th threshold value, institute The second input terminal for stating the first operational amplifier connects the second end of the first switch, the output of first operational amplifier End connects the control terminal of the first switch.
Optionally, in the detection-phase, the second switch is closed, and the third switch disconnects;It is opened described first After closing conducting, the second switch disconnects, and the third switch is closed.
Optionally, the first switch is metal-oxide-semiconductor, and the first end of the first switch is drain electrode, the first switch Second end is source electrode, and the control terminal of the first switch is grid.
The present invention also provides a kind of earth leakage protecting methods, including:
Detection flows through the electric current for being connected to the first switch on major loop, obtains the electric current that characterization flows through first switch electric current Signal is detected, the current detection signal is less than first threshold, then judges that there are leakies for input terminal;
The turn-on and turn-off for controlling first switch, during the first switch conducting described in detection-phase, the current detecting Circuit detects the electric current for flowing through first switch, if the current detection signal is less than first threshold, institute is controlled by control circuit State first switch shutdown;If the current detection signal reaches first threshold, the first switch continues to be connected, in detection rank Section and/or first switch carry out Current limited Control after continuing conducting to first switch.
Compared with prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:The present invention overcomes flow in the prior art It is easily damaged technical problem through switching the larger switching tube that in turn results in of tube current, by the control circuit of leakage protection circuit Current-limiting circuit is introduced to open in the detection-phase and conducting phase pair first of first switch on the basis of original earth leakage protective Put row Current limited Control into so that the electric current for flowing through first switch is unlikely to excessive.The present invention is by introducing current-limiting circuit, to electric leakage The maximum current for flowing through first switch in protection circuit when different phase is defined, to ensure that the electricity for flowing through first switch Stream is unlikely to excessive, and then protects first switch.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of leakage protection circuit of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the specific embodiment of leakage protection circuit of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing, but the present invention is not restricted to these Embodiment.The present invention covers any replacement made in the spirit and scope of the present invention, modification, equivalent method and scheme.
In order to make the public have thorough understanding to the present invention, it is described in detail in following present invention preferred embodiment specific Details, and description without these details can also understand the present invention completely for a person skilled in the art.
The present invention is more specifically described by way of example with reference to attached drawing in the following passage.It should be noted that attached drawing is adopted Use with more simplified form and non-accurate ratio, only to it is convenient, lucidly aid in illustrating the embodiment of the present invention Purpose.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of leakage protection circuit of the present invention, and the leakage protection circuit includes current detecting electricity Road, control circuit, in the present solution,
The current detection circuit, detection flow through the electric current for the first switch M1 being connected on major loop, obtain characterization stream Current detection signal through first switch M1 electric currents, the current detection signal are less than first threshold, then judge that input terminal is deposited In leaky;
The control circuit, the turn-on and turn-off of control first switch M1, the first switch M1 described in detection-phase are connected Period, the current detection circuit detection flows through the electric current of first switch M1, if the current detection signal is less than first threshold, Then the first switch M1 is controlled by control circuit to turn off;If the current detection signal reaches first threshold, described first Switch M1 continues to be connected, and Current limited Control is carried out to first switch M1 after detection-phase and/or first switch M1 continue conducting.
The control circuit includes current-limiting circuit, and the current-limiting circuit continues to lead in detection-phase and/or first switch M1 The maximum current for flowing through first switch M1 is limited to setting value after logical.The setting value and first switch M1 of detection-phase continue to lead Setting value after logical is different, and it is big that the setting value of detection-phase than the first switch M1 continues the setting value after opening.
After the first switch M1 is turned off, the current detection circuit restarts to carry out detection of electrical leakage.
Wherein, the detection-phase refers to that the current detection circuit carries out the detection of electrical leakage stage;Described first opens It closes after M1 continues conducting and refers to that current detection circuit carries out detection of electrical leakage completion, and leaky does not occur, described first opens It closes M1 and starts normally.
The major loop, as operating circuit, the first switch M1 can control the turn-on and turn-off of major loop.
In the present invention, in the current detection circuit detection of electrical leakage stage, the control circuit will flow through the first switch M1 The maximum value of electric current is limited in third threshold value, and the current detection circuit detection flows through the electric current of first switch M1, characterized The current detection signal of first switch M1 electric currents is flowed through, if the current detection signal is less than first threshold, judges to input There are leaky, the control circuit directly turns off the first switch M1 at end.It is described if leaky does not occur for judgement The maximum value for flowing through the first switch M1 electric currents is limited in the 4th threshold value by control electric current, and the third threshold value is more than described First threshold, and the 4th threshold value is less than the first threshold.
The leakage protection circuit can also include voltage detecting circuit, and what voltage detecting circuit can detect is input terminal Voltage, then at this time two input terminals of voltage detecting circuit be connected to the both ends of rectifier bridge, alternating current input power supplying both ends Or an output end of rectifier bridge and wherein one end of alternating current input power supplying, unless otherwise indicated, power input either Ac input end can also be the output end of rectifier bridge.Voltage detecting circuit can also detect the first switch M1 first ends Voltage or the first switch M1 first end and second ends pressure difference, then at this time voltage detecting circuit two input terminals difference For the first end and second end of the first switch M1 first ends and ground or the first switch M1.Voltage inspection in the case of two kinds The output end of slowdown monitoring circuit is connect with control circuit, when voltage detecting circuit detects input terminal voltage or the first switch M1 When the voltage of one end or the pressure difference of the first switch M1 first end and second ends are second threshold, the current detection circuit inspection Electric current of the flow measurement through first switch M1, control circuit will flow through the maximum value of the first switch M1 electric currents during this It is limited in third threshold value.Using voltage detecting circuit the advantage is that a threshold value can be determined by voltage detecting circuit, i.e., It is detected when two threshold values, that is to say, that input voltage at this time is certain, makes first switch M1 conductings during this time simultaneously Current detecting is carried out, obtained current detection signal actually characterizes the internal resistance of circuit, and internal resistance whether due to electric leakage is Different (i.e. whether someone's body impedance accesses) can be believed if human body access, which occurs, causes drain conditions by the current detecting It number characterizes.
Fig. 2 gives the specific embodiment of a leakage protection circuit of the present invention.The control circuit includes current-limiting circuit And logic circuit, the current-limiting circuit includes the first operational amplifier U1 and second switch S2 or/and third switch S3, described The first input end of first operational amplifier U1 receives third threshold value Vref3 through second switch S2, or/and is connect through third switch S2 The 4th threshold value Vref4 is received, the second input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 connects the second end of the first switch M1, institute The output end for stating the first operational amplifier U1 connects the control terminal of the first switch M1.
Voltage detecting circuit includes that the voltage detecting circuit includes bleeder circuit and comparator comp2, the partial pressure Electric routing resistance R2 and R3 is composed in series, two input terminal be connected to the both ends of rectifier bridge, alternating current input power supplying two End or an output end of rectifier bridge and wherein one end of alternating current input power supplying, dotted portion indicates possible connection side in figure Formula is illustrated and is illustrated in figure to connection type.The first input end connection bleeder circuit of the comparator comp2 Output end is the common end of resistance R2 and R3, and the second input terminal of the comp2 of comparator receives the letter for characterizing the second threshold Number Vref2, when the voltage detection signal reaches Vref2, then comparator comp2 is overturn, and the second switch is closed, described Third switch disconnects, and the current-limiting circuit carries out Current limited Control to first switch, and the current detection circuit starts detection of electrical leakage.
Current detection circuit includes sampling resistor R1 and comparator comp1, and sampling resistor R1 connects with first switch M1, electricity Pressure detection circuit detects that voltage detection signal reaches second threshold, and current detection circuit samples the electricity for flowing through first switch M1 Stream, and the first input end of input comparator comp1, the second input terminal of comparator comp1 receive the letter of characterization first threshold Number Vref1 indicates that, there are leaky, first switch M1 is disconnected, and waiting is leaked next time when current detection signal is less than Vref1 Electro-detection.If the current detecting reaches Vref1, show that leaky does not occur, then the second switch disconnects, the third Switch is closed, and the first switch continues to be connected, and detection of electrical leakage is completed, and the current-limiting circuit continues to be connected laggard to first switch Row current limliting.
In addition, the case where voltage detecting circuit detection input voltage is simply shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, but voltage detecting Circuit is detected as the voltage of the first switch first end or the pressure difference of the first switch first end and second end also in this hair In bright protection domain.
In addition, the voltage or detection of voltage detecting circuit difference detection input voltage and detection first switch M1 first ends The pressure difference of first switch pipe first end and second end, the second threshold differ, and it is convenient to be used for the purpose of narration here.
Although embodiment is separately illustrated and is illustrated above, it is related to the common technology in part, in ordinary skill Personnel apparently, can be replaced and integrate between the embodiments, be related to one of embodiment and the content recorded is not known, then It can refer to another embodiment on the books.
Embodiments described above does not constitute the restriction to the technical solution protection domain.It is any in above-mentioned implementation Modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements etc., should be included in the protection model of the technical solution made by within the spirit and principle of mode Within enclosing.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of leakage protection circuit, which is characterized in that including:
Current detection circuit, detection flow through the electric current for being connected to the first switch on major loop, obtain characterization and flow through first switch The current detection signal of electric current, the current detection signal are less than first threshold, then judge that there are leakies for input terminal;
Control circuit controls the turn-on and turn-off of first switch, during the first switch conducting described in detection-phase, the electric current Detection circuit detects the electric current for flowing through first switch, if the current detection signal is less than first threshold, by control circuit control Make the first switch shutdown;If the current detection signal reaches first threshold, the first switch continues to be connected, and is examining Survey stage and/or first switch carry out Current limited Control after continuing conducting to first switch.
2. leakage protection circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The leakage protection circuit further includes voltage inspection The voltage or the first switch first of slowdown monitoring circuit, voltage detecting circuit detection input voltage or the first switch first end The pressure difference at end and second end obtains voltage detection signal, and the voltage detection signal reaches second threshold, and control circuit controls institute First switch conducting is stated, current detection circuit detects the electric current for flowing through first switch.
3. leakage protection circuit according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:After the first switch shutdown, electric current inspection Slowdown monitoring circuit carries out detection of electrical leakage again.
4. leakage protection circuit according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that:The control circuit includes current limliting electricity Road, the current-limiting circuit limit the maximum current for flowing through first switch after detection-phase and/or first switch continue conducting In setting value.
5. leakage protection circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:In the detection-phase, when characterization flows through When first current signal of the electric current of the first switch reaches third threshold value, the current-limiting circuit carries out the first switch Current limited Control.
6. leakage protection circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:After the first switch continues conducting, when When first current signal of the electric current that characterization flows through the first switch reaches four threshold values, the current-limiting circuit is to described first Switch carries out Current limited Control, and the 4th threshold value is less than the third threshold value.
7. leakage protection circuit according to claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that:The current-limiting circuit includes the first fortune It calculates amplifier and second switch or/and third switch, the first input end of first operational amplifier is received through second switch Third threshold value, or/and switched through third and receive the 4th threshold value, the second input terminal connection described the of first operational amplifier The second end of one switch, the output end of first operational amplifier connect the control terminal of the first switch.
8. leakage protection circuit according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:In the detection-phase, the second switch It is closed, the third switch disconnects;After first switch conducting, the second switch disconnects, and the third switch is closed.
9. leakage protection circuit according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that:The first switch is metal-oxide-semiconductor, institute The first end for stating first switch is drain electrode, and the second end of the first switch is source electrode, and the control terminal of the first switch is grid Pole.
10. a kind of earth leakage protecting method, which is characterized in that including:
Detection flows through the electric current for being connected to the first switch on major loop, obtains the current detecting that characterization flows through first switch electric current Signal, the current detection signal are less than first threshold, then judge that there are leakies for input terminal;
The turn-on and turn-off for controlling first switch, during the first switch conducting described in detection-phase, the current detection circuit Detection flows through the electric current of first switch, if the current detection signal is less than first threshold, described the is controlled by control circuit One switch OFF;If the current detection signal reaches first threshold, the first switch continues to be connected, in detection-phase And/or first switch continues to carry out Current limited Control to first switch after being connected.
CN201810143661.8A 2017-02-17 2018-02-11 A kind of leakage protection circuit and method Pending CN108429236A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2017100856468 2017-02-17
CN201710085646 2017-02-17

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CN108429236A true CN108429236A (en) 2018-08-21

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CN201810139245.0A Pending CN108233332A (en) 2017-02-17 2018-02-10 A kind of leakage protection circuit and method
CN201810140125.2A Pending CN108270195A (en) 2017-02-17 2018-02-10 leakage protection circuit and method
CN201820240165.XU Active CN208174237U (en) 2017-02-17 2018-02-10 leakage protection circuit
CN201820241918.9U Active CN208174241U (en) 2017-02-17 2018-02-10 A kind of leakage protection circuit
CN201810143966.9A Pending CN108462150A (en) 2017-02-17 2018-02-11 leakage protection circuit and method
CN201810143661.8A Pending CN108429236A (en) 2017-02-17 2018-02-11 A kind of leakage protection circuit and method
CN201820247590.1U Active CN208174246U (en) 2017-02-17 2018-02-11 leakage protection circuit
CN201820247694.2U Active CN208174243U (en) 2017-02-17 2018-02-11 A kind of leakage protection circuit

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CN201810139245.0A Pending CN108233332A (en) 2017-02-17 2018-02-10 A kind of leakage protection circuit and method
CN201810140125.2A Pending CN108270195A (en) 2017-02-17 2018-02-10 leakage protection circuit and method
CN201820240165.XU Active CN208174237U (en) 2017-02-17 2018-02-10 leakage protection circuit
CN201820241918.9U Active CN208174241U (en) 2017-02-17 2018-02-10 A kind of leakage protection circuit
CN201810143966.9A Pending CN108462150A (en) 2017-02-17 2018-02-11 leakage protection circuit and method

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CN201820247694.2U Active CN208174243U (en) 2017-02-17 2018-02-11 A kind of leakage protection circuit

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CN208174246U (en) 2018-11-30
CN108462150A (en) 2018-08-28
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CN108270195A (en) 2018-07-10
CN208174243U (en) 2018-11-30

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