CN108423191B - Flexible device for processing blade root - Google Patents
Flexible device for processing blade root Download PDFInfo
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- CN108423191B CN108423191B CN201810167562.3A CN201810167562A CN108423191B CN 108423191 B CN108423191 B CN 108423191B CN 201810167562 A CN201810167562 A CN 201810167562A CN 108423191 B CN108423191 B CN 108423191B
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- blade
- hydraulic cylinder
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- cylinder body
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B64F5/00—Designing, manufacturing, assembling, cleaning, maintaining or repairing aircraft, not otherwise provided for; Handling, transporting, testing or inspecting aircraft components, not otherwise provided for
- B64F5/10—Manufacturing or assembling aircraft, e.g. jigs therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/08—Work-clamping means other than mechanically-actuated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/08—Work-clamping means other than mechanically-actuated
- B23Q3/082—Work-clamping means other than mechanically-actuated hydraulically actuated
Abstract
A flexible device for machining blade or root, comprising: base, set up the positioning mechanism who is used for fixing a position the blade on the base and set up respectively in the static clamping mechanism and the activity clamping mechanism of positioning mechanism both sides, wherein: the positioning mechanism and the positioning pin arranged on the static clamping mechanism form six-point positioning for the blank blade, and the molded surfaces on two sides of the blank blade are respectively contacted with the jacking pin arrays arranged on the static clamping mechanism and the movable clamping mechanism. The blade clamping device can flexibly, precisely, efficiently and reliably clamp blades in different forms, and solves the technical problems of lack of flexibility, large clamp usage amount, large occupied area, high cost and more additional processes when the blades are clamped by the conventional clamp.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a technology in the field of aircraft manufacturing, in particular to a flexible clamping device for cutting and grinding blade part tenons.
Background
The blade parts are key core components in power and energy equipment such as an aircraft engine and a steam turbine, and the requirement on manufacturing precision is very high. The structure of the blade body profile machining device is generally divided into a blade body and a tenon, and in the machining process, the tenon is usually machined by positioning a profile, and then the profile of the blade body is precisely machined by positioning the tenon. Because aeroengine blade, steam turbine blade etc. are various, the blade profile is complicated curved surface and the blade form difference between the different model blades is very big, causes the blade to adorn the card difficulty when the machine tooling tenon, and the commonality anchor clamps seriously lack. When the tenon of blade class part is being processed to current industry, at first place the blade body part of blade in the square chest location back at first, reuse low melting point alloy is poured into the square chest in, makes blade body profile fully wrap up, can realize pressing from both sides tightly of blade after the alloy solidifies. The clamping mode requires that a square box is poured before the tenon is machined on each blade, so that the square box and the low-melting-point alloy are large in usage amount in the mass production of the blades, and the cost of a clamp is high; blades of the casting square box are difficult to regularly store, and are arranged on the bottom surface, so that a large amount of area of a workshop is occupied; the blade is added with the square pouring box and the square removing box before and after the blade tenon is processed, and the manufacturing cost of the blade is increased. The industry urgently needs to design and develop a clamp capable of flexibly, precisely, efficiently and reliably clamping blades with different shapes so as to effectively solve the clamping problem of the blades with complex curved surfaces.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a flexible device for processing the blade root of the blade, which can flexibly, precisely, efficiently and reliably clamp blades in different shapes so as to solve the technical problems of lack of flexibility, large using amount of clamps, large occupied area, high cost and more additional processes when the blades are clamped by the existing clamp.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention comprises the following steps: base, set up the positioning mechanism who is used for fixing a position the blade on the base and set up respectively in the static clamping mechanism and the activity clamping mechanism of positioning mechanism both sides, wherein: the positioning mechanism and the positioning pin arranged on the static clamping mechanism form six-point positioning for the blank blade, and the molded surfaces on two sides of the blank blade are respectively contacted with the jacking pin arrays arranged on the static clamping mechanism and the movable clamping mechanism.
The stationary clamping mechanism comprises: integral hydraulic cylinder body and set up the locating pin array on integral hydraulic cylinder body with logical glib talker and hydraulic cylinder lid, wherein: the oil nozzle is fixedly arranged in the middle of the hydraulic cylinder cover, the hydraulic cylinder cover is tightly attached to the integral hydraulic cylinder body, the surface of the integral hydraulic cylinder body is provided with a dense and regularly-arranged piston assembly hole array, and each hole is internally provided with a piston rod for driving a positioning pin and forms sliding fit.
The movable clamping mechanism comprises: slide dovetail seat, U type mount, have the integral hydraulic cylinder body that leads to glib talker and hydraulic cylinder lid and set up the locating pin array on integral hydraulic cylinder body, wherein: the integral hydraulic cylinder body is fixedly arranged on the sliding dovetail seat, the oil through nozzle is fixedly arranged in the middle of the hydraulic cylinder cover, the hydraulic cylinder cover is tightly attached to the integral hydraulic cylinder body, the surface of the integral hydraulic cylinder body is provided with a piston assembly hole array which is densely and regularly arranged, and a piston rod for driving a positioning pin is arranged in each hole and forms sliding fit; the sliding dovetail seat is arranged on the base in a sliding mode through a dovetail groove structure, and the U-shaped fixing frame is fixedly arranged on the base through bolts in a connecting mode.
The tightening pin array comprises: the jacking pin is detachably arranged on the piston rods of the static clamping mechanism and the movable clamping mechanism, the length of the jacking pin is a series of standard values within a specific range, the connecting end of the jacking pin can be connected with the piston rod through threads, and the working end of the jacking pin is in a tip shape and is used for jacking the blade blank molded surface.
Technical effects
Compared with the prior art, the blade clamping device can flexibly, precisely, efficiently and reliably clamp blades in different forms, and solves the technical problems of lack of flexibility, large clamp usage amount, large occupied area, high cost and more additional processes in the process of clamping the blades by the conventional clamp.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention without the installation of a tightening pin;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the present invention after being assembled with a knock pin;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the present invention illustrating a six-point positioning principle for fully positioning the blades;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the present invention showing the pre-clamping of the blade body;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the present invention showing the blade body being clamped firmly;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the present invention after the clamping of the blade is completed and before the blade is processed;
in the figure: the device comprises a base 1, a sliding dovetail seat 2, a lubricating nipple 3, a hydraulic cylinder cover 4, a hydraulic cylinder body 5, a piston rod 6, a hydraulic cylinder body 7, a hydraulic cylinder cover 8, a lubricating nipple 9, a fixing frame 10U-shaped, a puller bolt 11, a first profile positioning pin 12, a second profile positioning pin 13, a third profile positioning pin 14, a blade root lug positioning frame 15, a blade crown lug positioning frame 16, a blank blade 17, a puller column pin 18 and a blade height direction positioning pin 19.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present invention relates to a flexible fixture for processing blade and root, which comprises a base, a positioning mechanism, and a clamping system, wherein: the positioning mechanism comprises: a first profile positioning pin 12, a second profile positioning pin 13, a third profile positioning pin 14, a blade root lug positioning frame 15, a blade shroud lug positioning frame 16 and a blade height direction positioning pin 19. The first profile positioning pin 12, the second profile positioning pin 13 and the third profile positioning pin 14 are respectively and fixedly arranged on the side surface of the integral hydraulic cylinder body 5, and the three are not collinear to form three positioning points which can act on the blade profile. The blade root lug positioning frame 15 is fixed on the front side of the base 1 through bolts, the blade crown lug positioning frame 16 is fixed on the rear side of the base 1 through bolts, and both the blade root lug positioning frame and the blade crown lug are detachable structures and respectively act on the blade root lug and the blade crown lug to form two positioning points in the vertical direction. The positioning pin 19 in the blade height direction is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the blade root lug positioning frame 15 to form a positioning point which can act on the blade root in the blade height direction and can be detached together with the blade root lug positioning frame 15. As described above, this positioning mechanism achieves six-point full positioning for the blade.
The clamping system comprises: static clamping mechanism and activity clamping mechanism, wherein: the stationary clamping mechanism includes: the oil pumping device comprises an oil pumping nozzle 3, a hydraulic cylinder cover 4, an integral hydraulic cylinder body 5, a piston rod 6 and a jacking pin 18; the movable clamping mechanism comprises: the hydraulic oil cylinder comprises a sliding dovetail seat 2, a U-shaped fixing frame 10, a puller bolt 11, an oil through nozzle 9, a hydraulic cylinder cover 8, an integral hydraulic cylinder body 7, a piston rod 6 and a puller pin 18. Lead to glib 3 fixed the setting in hydraulic cylinder cap 4 middle part, hydraulic cylinder cap 4 closely laminates with integral hydraulic cylinder body 5 through bolted connection, integral hydraulic cylinder body 5's face is provided with intensive and regular spread's piston pilot hole array, every downthehole piston rod 6 that all is equipped with and is used for driving the locating pin to form sliding fit. Similarly, lead to the fixed middle part that sets up in hydraulic cylinder cap 8 of glib 9, hydraulic cylinder cap 8 closely laminates with integral hydraulic cylinder body 7 through bolted connection, the face of integral hydraulic cylinder body 7 is provided with intensive and regular spread's piston pilot hole array, all is equipped with the piston rod 6 that is used for driving the locating pin in every hole to form sliding fit. The integral hydraulic cylinder body 7 is fixedly arranged on the sliding dovetail seat 2; the sliding dovetail seat 2 is arranged on the base 1 in a matched mode through a dovetail groove structure and can slide left and right along the base 1; the U-shaped fixing frame 10 is fixedly arranged on the base 1 through bolt connection, the puller bolt 11 passes through an internal thread hole in the middle of the U-shaped fixing frame 10 through thread fit, and the tail end of the puller bolt can be contacted with the side surface of the sliding dovetail seat 2 through rotation so as to apply puller force; the piston assembly hole array on the 7 surface of the integral hydraulic cylinder body and the piston assembly hole array on the 5 surface of the integral hydraulic cylinder body are coaxial in a one-to-one mode. The length of the tightening pin 18 is a series of standard values within a specific range, and is a detachable component, the connecting end of the tightening pin can be fixedly assembled on the piston rods 6 of the static clamping mechanism and the movable clamping mechanism through threaded connection, and the working end of the tightening pin is in a tip shape, so that the tightening pin is beneficial to tightening the blade blank profile.
The device realizes the processing of the blade root by the following modes:
step 1) selecting the length of a jacking pin according to the inner back arc molded surface position of the positioned blank blade, determining the mounting position on a clamping mechanism, and firmly arranging the clamping mechanism on the left side and the right side.
As shown in fig. 1, the jig is in a state where the tightening pin 18 is not attached. Based on the method, firstly, a blade root lug positioning frame 15, a blade shroud lug positioning frame 16 and a blade height direction positioning pin 19 are arranged on a base 1, then, a blank blade 17 is placed in a flexible clamp and is in contact with 6 positioning points to form primary positioning, and meanwhile, a puller bolt 11 is screwed to enable a movable clamping mechanism to move the rightmost end position of the sliding stroke of the movable clamping mechanism. Then, projecting the blank blade 17 in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the integral hydraulic cylinder body 5 and the direction perpendicular to the surface of the integral hydraulic cylinder body 7 respectively, selecting all the piston rods 6 in the projection area, selecting the tightening pins 18 with proper length according to the molded surface positions of the blank blade 17, and arranging the tightening pins on the selected piston rods 6 one by one to ensure that the tips of the tightening pins 18 and the molded surfaces of the blank blade 17 can be separated by a certain distance when the piston rods 6 are at the initial positions, and the piston rods 6 can contact and tighten the molded surfaces of the blank blade 17 when moving outwards in the process of filling hydraulic oil into the static clamping mechanism and the movable clamping mechanism. Then, the puller bolt 11 is loosened, the movable puller mechanism is moved rightwards, the blank blade is taken out, and the blade root lug positioning frame 15, the blade shroud lug positioning frame 16 and the blade height direction positioning pin 19 are disassembled, as shown in fig. 2, the work of assembling the puller stud 18 according to the structure of the blank blade 17 is completed. After that, the clamping device can be directly applied to repeated clamping in mass production of blades of the same type, and the jacking pin 18 does not need to be disassembled or adjusted.
And 2) placing the blades and positioning.
As shown in fig. 3, the holding tightening bolt 11 is loosened and the movable tightening mechanism is moved to the rightmost end, the blade root lug positioning frame 15, the blade shroud lug positioning frame 16 and the blade height direction positioning pin 19 are set on the base 1, and the blank blade 17 is put in and reliably positioned.
And 3) pre-clamping.
After the blade is securely positioned, the jacking bolt 11 is tightened to move the movable jacking mechanism to the leftmost end and be jacked, as shown in fig. 4. Then, the hydraulic oil supply system (not shown in the figure) injects hydraulic oil with a certain pressure into the integral hydraulic cylinder 7 through the oil nozzle 9, so that all the piston rods 6 installed in the integral hydraulic cylinder 7 move outwards: for the piston rod 6 without the jacking pin 18, the piston rod stops moving to the outer limit position; and for the piston rod 6 provided with the jacking pins 18 with different lengths, the movement is stopped when the tips of the jacking pins 18 contact and apply certain jacking force to the profiles of the blank blades 17. At this moment, the profile of the blank blade 17 is only contacted with 3 positioning points, and the profile is contacted with the jacking pin 18 which is densely arranged and has certain jacking force, so that the hydraulic pressure in the integral hydraulic cylinder body 7 is preferably a small value in order to ensure that the 3 positioning points are not damaged and positioned due to deformation caused by large external force, and specific values can be given by tests. Then, the hydraulic oil supply system closes the oil passage to seal the hydraulic oil in the integral hydraulic cylinder 7. By this point, the pre-clamping of the blank vane 17 is completed.
And 4) clamping.
As shown in fig. 5, after the vane is pre-clamped, the hydraulic oil supply system injects hydraulic oil into the integral hydraulic cylinder 5 through the oil nozzle 3 to a specified pressure, so that all the piston rods 6 installed in the integral hydraulic cylinder 5 move to the outside: for the piston rod 6 without the jacking pin 18, the piston rod stops moving to the outer limit position; and for piston rods 6 provided with jacking pins 18 of different lengths, the movement is stopped when the tip of the jacking pin 18 contacts and jacks the profile of the blank blade 17. At this time, the profile and the profile of the blank blade 17 are wrapped by the closely-arranged jacking pins 18. Because the hydraulic oil way is sealed, the jacking pin 18 can not retract under the action of jacking force of the jacking pin 18, so that the positioning of the blank blade 17 is not damaged; because the left and right jacking pins 18 are coaxial one to one, the jacking force of the jacking pins 18 can not bring torque to cause the blank blades 17 to be twisted and deformed. Then, the hydraulic oil supply system seals the oil passage, so that the hydraulic oil in the integral hydraulic cylinder 5 is sealed. By this point, the clamping of the blank vane 17 is completed.
And 5) removing the blade root lug positioning frame and the blade shroud lug positioning frame, and completing blade clamping.
As shown in fig. 6, the blade root lug positioning frame 15, the blade shroud lug positioning frame 16, and the blade height direction positioning pin 19 provided on the base 1 are removed, and the blade is clamped. After the blade is processed, the puller bolt 11 is loosened, and the blade is taken out. And opening the hydraulic oil path and the hydraulic oil path, and manually pushing the jacking pins 18 on the left side and the right side to retract to the initial positions, so that the resetting of the flexible clamp can be completed for subsequent clamping of blank blades.
Compared with the prior art, the device can greatly improve the clamping efficiency of the blade parts and reduce the use cost of the clamp.
The foregoing embodiments may be modified in many different ways by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (4)
1. A flexible device for processing blade roots is characterized by comprising: base, set up the positioning mechanism who is used for fixing a position the blade on the base and set up respectively in the static clamping mechanism and the activity clamping mechanism of positioning mechanism both sides, wherein: the positioning mechanism and a positioning pin arranged on the static clamping mechanism form six-point positioning for the blank blade, and molded surfaces on two sides of the blank blade are respectively contacted with a jacking pin array arranged on the static clamping mechanism and the movable clamping mechanism; the first profile positioning pin, the second profile positioning pin and the third profile positioning pin are fixedly arranged on the side face of the integral hydraulic cylinder body respectively and are not collinear to form three positioning points acting on the blade profile;
the positioning mechanism comprises: blade root lug locating rack, blade shroud lug locating rack and leaf height direction locating pin, wherein: the blade root lug positioning frame and the blade shroud lug positioning frame are respectively detachably arranged on the front side and the rear side of the base and act on the blade root lug and the blade shroud lug to form two positioning points in the vertical direction, and the blade height direction positioning pin is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the blade root lug positioning frame and acts on one positioning point of the blade root in the blade height direction;
the surface of the integral hydraulic cylinder body and the surface of the integral hydraulic cylinder body are respectively provided with a one-to-one coaxial piston assembly hole array;
the tightening pin array comprises: the jacking pin is detachably arranged on the piston rods of the static clamping mechanism and the movable clamping mechanism, the connecting end of the jacking pin is connected with the piston rod through threads, and the working end of the jacking pin is in a top shape and used for jacking the blade blank molded surface.
2. The flexible blade root working apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said stationary clamping mechanism comprises: integral hydraulic cylinder body and set up the locating pin array on integral hydraulic cylinder body with logical glib talker and hydraulic cylinder lid, wherein: the oil nozzle is fixedly arranged in the middle of the hydraulic cylinder cover, the hydraulic cylinder cover is tightly attached to the integral hydraulic cylinder body, the surface of the integral hydraulic cylinder body is provided with a dense and regularly-arranged piston assembly hole array, and each hole is internally provided with a piston rod for driving a positioning pin and forms sliding fit.
3. The flexible blade root working apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said movable clamp mechanism comprises: slide dovetail seat, U type mount, have the integral hydraulic cylinder body that leads to glib talker and hydraulic cylinder lid and set up the locating pin array on integral hydraulic cylinder body, wherein: the integral hydraulic cylinder body is fixedly arranged on the sliding dovetail seat, the oil through nozzle is fixedly arranged in the middle of the hydraulic cylinder cover, the hydraulic cylinder cover is tightly attached to the integral hydraulic cylinder body, the surface of the integral hydraulic cylinder body is provided with a piston assembly hole array which is densely and regularly arranged, and a piston rod for driving a positioning pin is arranged in each hole and forms sliding fit; the sliding dovetail seat is arranged on the base in a sliding mode through a dovetail groove structure, and the U-shaped fixing frame is fixedly arranged on the base through bolts in a connecting mode.
4. The flexible blade or blade root machining device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the U-shaped fixing frame is provided with a tightening bolt, the tightening bolt passes through an internal threaded hole in the middle of the U-shaped fixing frame through a threaded fit, and the end of the tightening bolt is contacted with the side surface of the sliding dovetail seat through rotation so as to exert a tightening force.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810167562.3A CN108423191B (en) | 2018-02-28 | 2018-02-28 | Flexible device for processing blade root |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810167562.3A CN108423191B (en) | 2018-02-28 | 2018-02-28 | Flexible device for processing blade root |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108423191A CN108423191A (en) | 2018-08-21 |
| CN108423191B true CN108423191B (en) | 2021-07-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810167562.3A Active CN108423191B (en) | 2018-02-28 | 2018-02-28 | Flexible device for processing blade root |
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Families Citing this family (11)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110076595A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-08-02 | 无锡航亚科技股份有限公司 | The device without package processing aviation precision forged blade blade root can be achieved |
| CN110614448B (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-05-25 | 江苏大学 | Deformation suppression clamp for laser impact of multiple blades |
| CN110936201B (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-02-19 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Tool for machining precision-forged blade and using method thereof |
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| CN111805257A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-10-23 | 恩迪(山东)智能装备有限公司 | Hydraulic matrix type positioning device |
| CN112091684B (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2023-08-08 | 厦门奥拓美科技有限公司 | Self-attaching curved surface positioning flexible clamp |
| CN112091657B (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-12-10 | 中国航发航空科技股份有限公司 | Clamp for machining blade shroud of engine blade and machining method of engine blade |
| CN112222902B (en) * | 2020-10-05 | 2021-08-10 | 大连理工大学 | Clamp for clamping complex curved surface part |
| CN112809283B (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2022-12-20 | 合肥舜皓汽车配件有限公司 | Repair welding device for automobile engine compartment |
| CN114211449B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2024-02-13 | 青岛东山集团有限公司 | Elbow bus duct assembly table |
| CN114473590B (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2023-08-25 | 广东德信模钢实业有限公司 | Production positioning equipment of numerical control machine tool |
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| CN105364573A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-03-02 | 重庆金辰机械制造有限公司 | Novel semi-automatic clamping tool for machining blade groove of compressor rotor |
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| CN103111877A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-05-22 | 北京航鹤童科技有限公司 | Stacking shaft positioning method and device of vane molded surface |
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| CN108423191A (en) | 2018-08-21 |
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