CN108422158A - A kind of brake drum machining process - Google Patents
A kind of brake drum machining process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108422158A CN108422158A CN201810194879.6A CN201810194879A CN108422158A CN 108422158 A CN108422158 A CN 108422158A CN 201810194879 A CN201810194879 A CN 201810194879A CN 108422158 A CN108422158 A CN 108422158A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- claw
- brake drum
- tooling
- drilling
- mandril
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 164
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007115 recruitment Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
- B23B31/02—Chucks
- B23B31/10—Chucks characterised by the retaining or gripping devices or their immediate operating means
- B23B31/12—Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable
- B23B31/16—Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable moving radially
- B23B31/16083—Jaws movement actuated by gears and racks
- B23B31/16087—Details of the jaws
- B23B31/16091—Form of the jaws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/062—Work-clamping means adapted for holding workpieces having a special form or being made from a special material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/10—Auxiliary devices, e.g. bolsters, extension members
- B23Q3/105—Auxiliary supporting devices independent of the machine tool
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2235/00—Turning of brake discs, drums or hubs
- B23B2235/12—Machining of brake drums
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Drilling And Boring (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to field of machining, and in particular to a kind of brake drum machining process includes the following steps：S1：Vehicle Processing carries out rough turn processing, finishing processing using positioning anti-sinking device；S2：Drilling processing, using fixing device for drilling, inside coordinates chuck, outside to fix brake drum, digital control hole drilling processing using mandril using tooling.The brake drum machining operations of the present invention are simple, and machining accuracy improves, and brake drum Vehicle Processing precision is high, and bore position is accurate, precision is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of machining, and in particular to a kind of brake drum machining process.
Background technology
Currently, in brake drum process, all using vertical numerical controlled lathe, brake drum is consolidated by hydraulic claw
It is fixed, rough turn and finishing processing, but the mechanism of existing fixed brake drum are then carried out by cutter, on the one hand due to relying only on hydraulic pressure
Claw clamps energetically, generates a frictional force to maintain brake drum not move up and down, further prevents making without independent device
Dynamic drum downward shift, and when cutter is processed from top to bottom, often there are one downward pressure for band, when brake drum outer wall
When being not enough to offset the pressure with the frictional force of claw contact surface, brake drum may sink or part shifts, in turn
Machining benchmark line inaccuracy is caused to generate mismachining tolerance；In addition, when not differentiating between rough turn and smart car in existing processing method and device
Brake drum also is clamped using larger clamping force when smart car so that each position of brake drum when processing in claw required clamping force
Cylindricity and circle bounce further increase, lead to that product cannot meet in brake drum manufacturing procedure efficiency and quality is all good wants
It asks.
During traditional brake drum anvil hole machined, the cylindric brake drum body of brake drum is typically blocked by chuck, into
And perforation processing is carried out to brake drum from top.The cylindric bulging body machining accuracy of brake drum it is difficult to ensure that, carried out according to drum body
Positional punch can cause the accumulation of error, influence machining accuracy；In drill process, brake drum is fixed loosely, and the ruler in hole is influenced
Very little precision；For the drill bit and brake drum of punching when contact, brake drum is easy to happen bounce, influences the precision of processing.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of brake drum machining process, has the advantages that good processing accuracy.
A kind of brake drum machining process, includes the following steps：
S1：Vehicle Processing carries out rough turn processing, finishing processing using positioning anti-sinking device；
S2：Drilling processing, using fixing device for drilling, inside coordinates chuck, outside to fix brake drum using mandril using tooling,
Digital control hole drilling is processed.
Step S1 Vehicle Processings, the positioning anti-sinking device of use are mounted on the workbench of vertical lathe, on the table
It is provided with symmetrically arranged two groups of claws, including at least two groups anti-sinking mechanism, anti-sinking mechanism includes pedestal, height adjusting
Portion, length adjustment portion and support portion；Support portion is arranged in length adjustment portion close to one end of table core, length adjustment portion
Opposite other end connection height adjusting part upper end, the lower end connect base of height adjusting part；Length adjustment portion is high from connection
The one end for spending one end to the connection support portion of adjustment portion is obliquely installed from low to high.
Preferably, the lower part of pedestal connects the upper surface of the workbench by track, and track is set along the radial direction of workbench
It sets.
Preferably, length adjustment portion is additionally provided with inclined angle regulating mechanism, the angle of inclination in length adjustment portion be 30 to
80 degree, more preferably 45 degree.
Preferably, height adjusting part and length adjustment portion are all made of leading screw, hydraulic cylinder or cylinder.
Preferably, it is additionally provided with rotatable head in the one end of support portion far from length adjustment portion, rotatable head is far from support
The one end in portion is provided with inclined cut, several protrusions are additionally provided on working face.
Preferably, it is provided with three groups of anti-sinking mechanisms on the table, the angle of three groups of anti-sinking mechanisms between any two is
120 degree.
The positioning anti-sinking device of Vehicle Processing, further includes claw tightness regulating mechanism, and claw tightness regulating mechanism at least wraps
High and low two gears are included for adjusting hydraulic cylinder works pressure, the hydraulic cylinder works pressure limit of high tap position be 1.5MPa extremely
The hydraulic cylinder works pressure limit of 3MPa, low-grade location are 0.8MPa to 1.2MPa.
Step S1 Vehicle Processings, comprise the steps of：
a：According to the size model number of brake drum to be processed, height, the angle of length and rotatable head of anti-sinking mechanism are adjusted；
b：When carrying out the rough turn processing of brake drum, claw hydraulic cylinder works pressure is transferred to high tap position, 1.5MPa to 3MPa；
c：When carrying out brake drum finishing processing, claw hydraulic cylinder works pressure is transferred to low-grade location, 0.8MPa to 1.2Mpa；
d：After process finishing, anti-sinking mechanism is adjusted to initial position.
Step S2 drilling processings, the drilling processing fixing device of use, including positioned internal device and external positioning device；
Positioned internal device includes chuck, tooling, and chuck is fixed on table top, and chuck is equipped with claw, claw connecting chuck, by chuck branch
Support, claw are extended outwardly by driving mechanism driving, and claw supports braking drum flange upwards（Drilling plane）, tooling is fixedly mounted on
On claw, it is arc surface structure outside tooling, withstands the seam allowance of braking drum flange outward（The inner peripheral surface of drilling plane）；It is external
Positioning device includes column and mandril, and column is fixed on table top vertically, and column top connects mandril, and mandril leading head is circle
Arcuate structure, the outer circumference surface of brake drum braking surface is withstood from outside, and the position withstood is the slot on outer circumference surface.
Mandril withstands the slot on the outer circumference surface of braking surface from outside, can be that horizontally or obliquely slot is withstood in top to mandril,
Mandril ranging from 0 degree to 15 degree with the included angle of horizontal direction obliquely, preferably mandril flatly withstand slot, mandril with
The included angle of horizontal direction is 0 degree.
Preferably, column is fixed on table top vertically, column it is height-adjustable, column can be divided into upper pillar stand and lower vertical
Column, upper pillar stand, lower pillar stand are metallic plate, and column is that two pieces of metallic plates coincide superposition, and lower pillar stand is fixed on table top, upper pillar stand
Lower end overlaps the upper end of lower pillar stand, is bolted connection, according to two pieces of metallic plates coincide part number, adjust vertical
The height of column.Column it is height-adjustable, then can be adapted for various various sizes of brake drums.
Preferably, mandril and column are dismountable connection structure, and mandril can be with dismounting and change.
Preferably, the length that mandril stretches out（Length of the tie point of mandril and column to mandril leading head）It is adjustable,
It can be to adapt to process various sizes of brake drum.
Preferably, mandril front end（The tie point of mandril and column is to the part of mandril leading head）Bullet can be provided with
Spring, spring one end connect column top, and the other end connects mandril leading head, there is trepanning on column, and mandril is from column tapping
It passes through.Column has certain thickness, and trepanning is that horizontal direction or slightly-inclined are upward, and mandril passes through the trepanning of column, mandril to be in
Level or slightly-inclined are upward.Usual spring is in normal condition, and when drilling processing, the outer circumference surface of brake drum braking surface is mandril
To back brace, compressed spring, spring is compressed, and to mandril with forward power, withstands the slot on the outer circumference surface of brake drum braking surface.
Tooling can be metal derby, for cylinder type, split cylinder type, fan type, be circular arc face structure outside tooling,
Tooling is bonded with claw.
Tooling can be one.Tooling may be several combination, be tooling external member, by mutually matched between tooling
Concaveconvex structure is fixedly connected, detachable between tooling.
Tooling can be to be detachably connected with claw.
Tooling can be bolted to connection with claw, hole is respectively equipped in tooling and claw, bolt is also cross work
The hole of dress and claw, tightens bolt, fixes tooling and claw.
Tooling can be connected through a screw thread with claw, and tooling is equipped with convex thread, and claw is equipped with corresponding recessed screw thread hole,
Tooling and claw are screwed connection by convex-concave.
Tooling can be equipped with key with claw by key connection, tooling, and claw is equipped with corresponding keyway, tooling and claw
It is fixed together by keyway.
Tooling can be equipped with pin hole with claw by pin connection, tooling, and claw is equipped with corresponding pin hole, tooling and card
Pawl is fixedly connected by pin.
Tooling can be connected with claw by slot, and tooling is equipped with slot, and claw is forge piece of step type structure, tooling cooperation card
Embedding firmly claw, is bonded with claw.Tooling can also have mutually matched concaveconvex structure with claw, further make claw and tooling
Cooperation is close.
Claw can be to be more than two, preferably 3 to 6.
Claw is preferably symmetrical or along the round equally distributed structure of chuck hub.
Claw can be forge piece of step type structure, or planarized structure, or sector structure.Chuck, Ke Yiwei
Hand chuck, oild chuck, air spider, electric chuck.
Claw drives, and can be hydraulic-driven, air pressure driving, electric drive, the driving of armstrong's patent gear.Claw of the present invention
Can be that rack is connected with chuck.Chuck structure includes bevel gear wheel, bevel pinion, and bevel pinion and bevel gear wheel are nibbled
It closes, the back side of bevel gear wheel has flat thread structure, claw decile to be mounted on flat thread.When driving bevel pinion movement,
Bevel gear wheel just rotates, and the flat thread at the bevel gear wheel back side just makes claw close or exit to center simultaneously.
It can specifically be moved by hydraulic-driven bevel pinion, Ke Yitong by pulling bevel pinion movement manually
Air pressure driving bevel pinion movement is crossed, bevel pinion movement can be driven by electric device.
Claw coordinates chuck, can have the function of self-centering.Claw is synchronized outside support from central point, until on claw
Tooling outer circle globoidal structure withstand outward braking drum flange seam allowance（The inner peripheral surface of drilling plane）.
Hole or slot can be provided on claw.Hole can be circular hole, be uniformly distributed in arc-shaped, corresponding to being wanted on brake drum
The position of drilling, Circularhole diameter are more than diameter hole to be drilled.Slot can be arc-shaped slot, corresponding to the position to be drilled on brake drum
It sets, the width of arc-shaped slot is more than diameter hole to be drilled.Under conditions of claw supports brake drum upwards, brake drum is beaten
Hole operation, after the drill bit of punching penetrates drilling plane, the position of drill bit alignment is hole or slot on claw, so when drilling processing
Claw will not be caused to damage.
Hole on claw or slot, depth meet the drill bit extension elongation of bore process.
Hole or slot can not also be provided on claw.The width of claw is smaller, after the drill bit of punching penetrates drilling plane, from
Gap between claw and claw is pierced by, and will not be caused to damage to claw.Claw can also support the length of drum portion compared with
It is short, after the drill bit of punching penetrates drilling plane, it is pierced by before claw, does not reach claw.Claw may be ladder-like
Structure, it is the higher cascaded surface in position to support brake drum, relatively low against jaw position after the drill bit of punching penetrates drilling plane
Cascaded surface, the height of claw ladder provides movable space to drill bit.
Spring is also provided on table top, for the spring when brake drum is processed, bullet is just pushed down in brake drum lower face
Spring.
Number of springs can be 3 to 12, be preferably uniformly distributed along the bottom face of the circumference braking surface of brake drum.
When processing, spring can provide buffering, the contact for preventing brake drum very stiff and demanding with table top, the drill bit of punching to brake drum
It when just touching drilling plane moment drill down, can effectively inhibit the bounce of brake drum drilling plane, ensure the essence of punching
Degree.
Step S2 drilling processings, include the following steps：
（i）：Brake drum is lifted, flange face is kept（Drilling plane）Level is slowly fallen on claw in upper mode；
（ii）：By claw driving mechanism driving under, supportted outward from central synchronous, until claw on tooling outside arc surface to
It is outer to withstand braking drum flange seam allowance（The inner peripheral surface of drilling plane）；
（iii）：The height for adjusting column, adjusts the extension elongation of mandril, mandril leading head is made to withstand outside brake drum braking surface
Slot on circumference.
Preferably, brake drum is fallen when on claw, and the braking surface circumference bottom face of brake drum is just pressed in the bullet of table top
On spring, buffering is provided to brake drum.
Preferably, mandril obliquely with ranging from 0 degree to 15 degree of the included angle of horizontal direction.
Claw supports under driving mechanism driving from central synchronous outward, until arc surface is outside outside the tooling on claw
Withstand the flange seam allowance of brake drum（The inner peripheral surface of drilling plane）, at this point, brake drum is i.e. under the driving of claw, it is automatic to realize
The central alignment of brake drum, eliminates the adjustment of manpower, easy to operate.
Advantageous effect：
1, Vehicle Processing process of the present invention effectively can inhibit cutter to produce from top to bottom by the way that anti-sinking mechanism is arranged on the table
Raw pressure prevents product from sinking or local offset occurs, and then avoids the mismachining tolerance due to sinking or deviating generation, improves
Product quality.
2, Vehicle Processing process setting claw tightness regulating mechanism of the present invention adjusts hydraulic cylinder works pressure, by the clamping of claw
Pressure is divided into high and low two gears, and processing method is processed using anti-sinking mechanism additional " rough turn high tap position, smart car low-grade location ",
Product can be further decreased since rough turn, smart car all uses larger claw on the basis of avoiding product sinking from leading to error
Cylindricity caused by clamping force and circle are beated, and machining accuracy and product quality are greatly promoted.
3, drilling process of the present invention is on the basis of braking drum flange seam allowance, the bore position of positioning braking drum flange,
Accurate positioning, dimensional accuracy are high.
4, drilling process of the present invention fixes brake drum in inside brake drum with claw and tooling, in outside mandril
Brake drum is fixed, positioning is fixed to brake drum from sterically multi-direction, fixedly securely.
5, Vehicle Processing of the present invention and drilling processing precision are all higher, and the precision of entire brake drum mechanical processing process is not short
Plate, brake drum machining accuracy are high, high-quality.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that Vehicle Processing process positions anti-sinking device；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of Vehicle Processing process anti-sinking mechanism；
Fig. 3 is the overlooking structure diagram of 1 Vehicle Processing process of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the overlooking structure diagram of 2 Vehicle Processing process of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the support portion of 3 Vehicle Processing process of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of drilling process fixing device；
Fig. 7 is the overlooking structure diagram of 6 drilling process fixing device of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the part-structure schematic diagram of 7 drilling process fixing device of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the part-structure schematic diagram of 8 drilling process fixing device of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the part-structure schematic diagram of 9 drilling process fixing device of the embodiment of the present invention；
1 brake drum in figure, 113 brake the hole on drum flanges；2 workbench, 3 Vehicle Processing claws, 31 Vehicle Processing claw tightnesses are adjusted
Mechanism, 4 anti-sinking mechanisms, 41 pedestals, 42 height adjusting parts, 43 length adjustment portions, 44 support portions, 45 rotatable heads, 46 tilt
Working face, 47 protrusions；Angles of the d between inclined cut and support portion；71 columns, 711 upper pillar stands, 712 lower pillar stands, 72 tops
Bar, 721 mandril leading heads, 722 mandril front springs, 75 springs；8 drilling processing chucks, 81 drilling processing chuck seats, 82 bore
Hole machined claw, 83 drilling processing claw driving mechanisms, 84 drilling processing racks, drill on 86 drilling processing claws recessing groove,
Drill relief hole on 87 drilling processing claws；9 toolings, 90（K）Arc surface outside tooling, 911 tooling external members, 912 tooling external members.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear
Chu is fully described by, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.
Based on the embodiments of the present invention, obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts all
Other embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of brake drum manufacture processing method, includes the following steps：
S1：Vehicle Processing carries out rough turn processing, finishing processing using positioning anti-sinking device；
S2：Drilling processing, using fixing device for drilling, inside coordinates chuck, outside to fix brake drum using mandril using tooling,
Digital control hole drilling is processed.
The step S1 Vehicle Processings, as shown in attached drawing 1 to 3, the positioning anti-sinking device of use is vertical mounted on ZL2-550
On the workbench 2 of formula lathe, it is provided with symmetrically arranged two groups of claws 3 on the workbench 2, further includes two groups and is symmetrical arranged
And the anti-sinking mechanism 4 to interlock with two groups of jaw positions, the anti-sinking mechanism includes pedestal 41, height adjusting part 42, length
Adjustment portion 43 and support portion 44；The support portion 44 is arranged in the length adjustment portion 43 close to 2 center of the workbench
The opposite other end of one end, the length adjustment portion 43 connects the upper end of the height adjusting part 42, the height adjusting part 42
Lower end connect the pedestal 41；The length adjustment portion 43 is from one end of the height adjusting part 42 is connected to connecting the branch
One end of support part 44 is obliquely installed from low to high, and angle of inclination is 45 degree, which facilitates adjusting 42 He of height adjusting part on one side
While length adjustment portion 43, ensure that support portion 44 is more bonded with the contact surface of 1 bottom sidewall of brake drum to greatest extent on one side.
In the present embodiment, the lower part of the pedestal 41 connects the upper surface of the workbench 2, the track by track
Along the radial direction setting of the workbench 2；The height adjusting part 42 and length adjustment portion 43 are all made of existing leading screw principle and set
Meter so that the support portion 44 being fixedly connected with length adjustment portion 43 can either be by the screw thread in length adjustment portion 43 to workbench 2
Center extends, and can pass through the screw thread height up and down of height adjusting part 42；In the support portion 44 far from the length
One end of adjustment portion 43 is additionally provided with rotatable head 45, and rotatable head 45 is embedded in support portion 44, the swivel head using hemispherical head
The one end of portion 45 far from the support portion 44 is provided with inclined cut 46.
In use, brake drum 1 is fixed by the claw 3 of 2 both sides of workbench, since cutter starts from top to bottom
Ground processes, and the frictional force that the clamping force and brake drum side wall of the simple claw by both sides generate is not enough to overcome braking completely
With cutter the stress slightly sunk occurs downwards for drum 1, thus be symmetrical arranged on the workbench 2 below brake drum two it is anti-under
Heavy mechanism 4, the line between vertical two claws 3 of line between Liang Ge anti-sinkings mechanism 4, is staggered, in advance according to system
Dynamic drum size regulates its height, length by threaded hand, allows support portion 44 that can touch the bottom of brake drum 1, then adjust
Rotatable head 45 is saved, inclined cut 46 is allowed to be bonded 1 base contact surface of brake drum, it is ensured that uniform stressed, then be processed, with this
Reduce the mismachining tolerance that the sinking of brake drum 1 generates.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Fig. 4, the step S1 Vehicle Processings, as different from Example 1, the present embodiment 2 be provided with three groups it is identical
Anti-sinking mechanism 4, space 120 degree of settings of angle between any two other than two groups of claws 3 on workbench 2；Due to three groups it is anti-
Obliquely on the side wall of used 1 bottom of the brake drum, stress, which can be adjusted to, to be directed toward jointly from product body-centered for sinking mechanism 4
Closer proximity, triangle stress more stabilization is more uniform, can further decrease the error generated when processing, avoid brake drum
1 locally occurs the possibility of sinking deviation.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Fig. 5, on the basis of embodiment 2, the folder between inclined cut 46 and support portion 44 in the present embodiment 3
Angle d is 10 degree, and the protrusion of cambered surface is also evenly arranged on inclined cut 46, reduces the probability not being bonded with contact surface, drop
Low error；The length adjustment portion 43 is additionally provided with inclined angle regulating mechanism, which can be used in 43 He of length adjustment portion
The mode that height adjusting part 42 connects out one existing Damping rotation shaft of superposition is realized so that the angle of inclination in length adjustment portion 43
Control further increases the operating comfort and product collocation degree of anti-sinking mechanism between 30 degree to 80 degree.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment 4 is also provided with claw tightness regulating mechanism 31, using existing hydraulic control on the basis of embodiment 3
Principle adjusts hydraulic cylinder works pressure, the clamping pressure of claw 3 is divided into high and low two gears, the hydraulic pressure of the high tap position
Cylinder working pressure is 2.0MPa, and the hydraulic cylinder works pressure limit of the low-grade location is 0.9MPa.
When step S1 Vehicle Processings, include the following steps：
a：According to the size model number of brake drum to be processed, the height of anti-sinking mechanism 4, the angle of length and rotatable head 45 are adjusted
Degree；
b：When carrying out the rough turn processing of brake drum, 3 hydraulic cylinder works pressure of claw is transferred to high tap position, 2.0MPa；
c：When carrying out brake drum finishing processing, 3 hydraulic cylinder works pressure of claw is transferred to low-grade location, 0.9MPa；
d：After process finishing, anti-sinking mechanism 4 is adjusted to initial position.
Due to it is rough turn processing and finishing processing use different claw clamping degrees, with before jointly using a kind of claw clamp
The processing method of degree respectively randomly selects the comparison that 10 brake drums carry out cylindricity error and run-out error, can be derived that, adopts
After the processing method in the present invention, 1 circumference east, south, west, north of brake drum measure everywhere obtain cylindricity be reduced to 0.1 with
Under, the circle bounce that the 1 each position in circumference upper, middle and lower of brake drum measures is also reduced to 0.1 hereinafter, precision is obviously improved.
Embodiment 5
A kind of brake drum manufacture processing method, includes the following steps：
S1：Vehicle Processing carries out rough turn processing, finishing processing using positioning anti-sinking device；
S2：Drilling processing, using fixing device for drilling, inside coordinates chuck, outside to fix brake drum using mandril using tooling,
Digital control hole drilling is processed.
The step S2 drilling processings, as shown in fig. 6, using drilling processing fixing device, including positioned internal device and
External positioning device；Positioned internal device includes chuck 8, tooling 9, and chuck 8 is fixed on table top, and chuck 8 is equipped with claw 82, card
82 connecting chuck 8 of pawl, is supported by chuck 8, and claw 82 is extended outwardly by driving mechanism driving, and claw 82 supports brake drum method upwards
It is blue（Drilling plane）, tooling 9 is fixedly mounted on claw 82, and 9 outside of tooling is arc surface structure, withstands braking drum flange outward
Seam allowance（The inner peripheral surface of drilling plane）；External positioning device includes column 71 and mandril 72, and column 71 is fixed on platform vertically
On face, 71 top of column connects mandril 72, and mandril leading head 721 is arc-shaped structure, and brake drum braking surface is withstood from outside
Outer circumference surface, the position withstood be outer circumference surface on slot.
Spring 75 is additionally provided on table top, quantity is 3, and the bottom face along the braking surface circumference of brake drum uniformly divides
Cloth, in drilling processing, bottom face just pressing spring 75.
For the present embodiment in processing brake drum 1, claw 82 is under the cooperation driving of chuck 8, and claw 82 is in brake drum 1
Portion struts, and gives the drilling plane of brake drum with support straight up；Fixed tooling 9 on claw 82, outside are arc surface,
The seam allowance of braking drum flange is withstood in horizontal direction outward.
The present embodiment is using the tooling 9 on claw 82, on the basis of flange seam allowance, the position of location hole 113.Making work
It in skill, after flange seam allowance is generally casting and forming, then finishes, dimensional accuracy is easy to control, and dimensional accuracy is high, so hole 113
Registration.Moreover, in the technique for applying of brake drum, the position in hole 113 and flange seam allowance are closely related apart from size, according to
113 position of location hole on the basis of flange seam allowance, moreover it is possible to partially remove the systematic error brought in process.
The present embodiment fixes brake drum in inside with claw 82 and tooling 9, also fixes braking with mandril 72 in outside
Positioning is fixed to brake drum 1 from sterically multi-direction in drum 1, the movement of brake drum 1 when preventing from processing.Especially before mandril
The arc-shaped structure of end head 721 withstands the slot on circumference braking surface from outside, and contact surface increases greatly, and that withstands is secured, is boring
When the plane drilling of hole, the bounce of drilling plane is can effectively prevent, ensures the precision of punching.
The present embodiment spring 75 can provide brake drum 1 buffering, the contact for preventing brake drum 1 very stiff and demanding with table top, punching
Drill bit when just touched drilling plane moment drill down, can effectively inhibit the bounce of brake drum drilling plane, guarantee to beat
The precision in hole.
Mandril 72 withstands the slot on braking surface circumference from external water level land, and the included angle of mandril and horizontal direction is 0 degree；
Slot has arc-shaped structure, and the arc-shaped structure of mandril leading head 721 and the arc-shaped structure of slot just agree with, increase and connect
Contacting surface is accumulated, and pushes up securely, non-slip.
Column 71 is fixed on table top vertically, column 71 it is height-adjustable, column 71 divides for upper pillar stand 711 and lower pillar stand
712, upper pillar stand 711, lower pillar stand 712 are metallic plate, and column 71 is that two pieces of metallic plates coincide superposition, and lower pillar stand 712 is fixed on
On table top, 711 lower end of upper pillar stand overlaps the upper end of lower pillar stand 712, is bolted connection, is mutually overlapped according to two pieces of metallic plates
Close part number, the height of adjusting post.Column it is height-adjustable, be suitable for various various sizes of brake drums.Column
71 material is cast iron, and the thickness of 71 metallic plate of column is 0.5 centimetre.
Mandril 72 is dismountable connection structure, the length that mandril 72 can be stretched out with dismounting and change, mandril 72 with column 71
（Length of the tie point of mandril and column to mandril leading head）It is adjustable.Specially 72 front end of mandril（Mandril and column
Tie point is to the part of mandril leading head）It is provided with spring 722,722 one end of spring connects 71 top of column, other end connection
Mandril leading head 721 has trepanning, mandril 72 to be passed through from 71 tapping of column on column 71.Column 71 has certain thickness, opens
Hole is horizontal direction, and mandril 72 passes through the trepanning of column 71, mandril 72 to be in level.Usual spring 722 is in normal condition,
When drilling processing, the braking surface circumference of brake drum is mandril 72 to back brace, and compressed spring 722, spring 722 is compressed, to mandril
72, with forward power, withstand the slot on circumference braking surface.
Embodiment 6
As shown in fig. 7, the fixing device that step S2 drilling processings use, from depression angle, outermost, quantity is spring 75
It 10, is circumferentially uniformly distributed, spring 75 supports the bottom face of the braking surface circumference of brake drum, when drilling processing to prevent from braking
The contact very stiff and demanding with table top of drum 1, to brake drum 1 to buffer；Chuck is hand chuck, oild chuck, air spider or electronic
Chuck, 82 quantity of claw are 3, and circumferentially average homogeneous is distributed；Claw 82 is driven to hydraulic-driven, air pressure driving, electronic drive
The driving of dynamic or armstrong's patent gear；Claw 82 is connected with chuck for rack, and chuck structure includes bevel gear wheel, small bevel gear
The back side of wheel, bevel pinion and bevel gear wheel engagement, bevel gear wheel has flat thread structure, 82 decile of claw to be mounted on plane spiral shell
On line, when driving bevel pinion movement, bevel gear wheel just rotates, the flat thread at the bevel gear wheel back side just make claw 82 simultaneously to
Center is close or exits；It can be moved, or can be moved by hydraulic-driven bevel pinion by pulling bevel pinion manually, or
Bevel pinion movement can be driven by air pressure, or bevel pinion movement can be driven by electric device.
Claw 82 coordinates chuck, has the function of self-centering.Claw 82 is synchronized outside support from central point, until claw 82
On tooling outer circle globoidal structure withstand the flange seam allowance of brake drum outward.
Tooling is tooling external member 911 and 912, and tooling external member 911 is metal derby, and sector structure, 911 outside of tooling external member is
Arc surface structure, 911 lower part of tooling external member are bonded with claw 82；Tooling external member 912 is metal derby, sector structure, tooling external member
912 outsides are arc surface structure, and 912 lower part of tooling external member is bonded with claw 82；Tooling external member 911 is mutual with tooling external member 912
Cooperation, cooperates specifically by concaveconvex structure.
When brake drum size to be processed is smaller, can recruitment assembling kit 911,911 outside arc surface knot of tooling external member
Structure withstands the flange seam allowance of brake drum outward, moreover, the recessed structure division of tooling external member 911, has avoided circular arc outside tooling
Face is in direct contact the point of flange seam allowance so that tooling and the contact point of flange seam allowance are become by one for two, increase tooling
With the contact portion of brake drum, it is more secured to fix brake drum.
When brake drum size to be processed is slightly larger, tooling external member 912 is used cooperatively with tooling external member 911, tooling external member 912
Outer circle globoidal structure withstands the flange seam allowance of brake drum outward.
Tooling external member 912 can have different width to determine tooling external member 912 according to the model of brake drum to be processed
Width.
Tooling external member 912 and tooling external member 911 are used cooperatively, and can easily use the brake drum of various sizes model
Processing.
Claw 82 is equipped with drilling recessing groove 86, when the drill bit of drilling processing penetrates braking drum flange, the position of drill bit alignment
It is slot 86 on claw 82 to set, and will not cause to damage to claw 82.The depth of slot 86 meets the drill bit extension elongation of bore process
, it is 0.5 centimetre.
Embodiment 7
As shown in figure 8, the fixing device that step S2 drilling processings use, claw 82 is sector structure, circumferentially along chuck seat 81
It is uniformly distributed, tooling is combination set 911 and 912, and tooling is metal derby, and sector structure, tooling outside is arc surface structure 90
（K）, 911 outside of tooling external member is arc surface structure, and 912 outside of tooling external member is arc surface structure, passes through phase between tooling external member
The concaveconvex structure mutually coordinated is fixedly connected, detachable between tooling external member.
Tooling 911,912 lower parts are bonded with claw 82；Tooling 911,912 is to be detachably connected with claw 82.Tooling and card
Pawl can be bolted to connection, and be respectively equipped with hole in tooling 911,912 and claw 82, bolt also cross tooling 911,
912 and claw 82 hole, tighten bolt, fix tooling and claw；Or tooling 911,912 can be connected with claw 82 by screw thread
It connects, tooling 911,912 is equipped with convex thread, and claw 82 is equipped with corresponding recessed screw thread hole, and tooling and claw pass through convex-concave screw thread
It is fixedly connected；Or tooling 911,912 can be equipped with key with claw 82 by key connection, tooling 911,912, claw 82 is equipped with
Corresponding keyway, tooling and claw are fixed together by keyway；Or tooling 911,912 and claw 82 can by pin connection,
Tooling 911,912 is equipped with pin hole, and claw 82 is equipped with corresponding pin hole, and tooling is fixedly connected with claw by pin.Detachably
The mode of connection, it is easy to disassemble, it can be suitably used for various various sizes of brake drums.
Tooling and claw are to be detachably connected, can also tooling 911 and claw 82 it is solid by bolt, screw thread, keyway, pin
Fixed connection, tooling 912 are coordinated with tooling 911 by concaveconvex structure, and tooling 912 can be square relative to tooling 911 and claw 82
Just it dismantles.
Be circularly and evenly distributed 3 claws 82 on chuck seat 81, and 82 lower part of claw is equipped with rack structure, with claw driving machine
Rack structure 85 on structure 84 cooperates, by the phase for adjusting rack and 84 upper rack 85 of claw driving mechanism on claw 82
To position relationship, the extension elongation of claw 82 can be very easily adjusted, brake drum is facilitated to process.
The relative position of claw driving mechanism 83 and 84 can be fixed with bolt.
Chuck drive claw driving mechanism 83 and 84 moves, and then drives the movement of claw 82 and tooling, is supported from inside
Flange face and withstand flange seam allowance.
Embodiment 8
As shown in figure 9, the fixing device that step S2 drilling processings use, slot 86 is provided on claw 82, slot 86 is arc-shaped slot,
Corresponding to drill on brake drum 113 position, the width of slot 86 is more than hole to be drilled 113 diameter；It is supported upwards in claw 82
Under conditions of brake drum 1, punch operation is carried out to brake drum 1, after the drill bit of punching penetrates drilling plane, the position of drill bit alignment
It is the slot 86 on claw, so will not cause to damage to claw 82 when drilling processing.86 depth of slot on claw meets drillman
The drill bit extension elongation of skill is 1 centimetre.
Embodiment 9
As shown in Figure 10, the fixing device that step S2 drilling processings use is provided with hole 87 on claw 82, and hole 87 is circular hole, is in
Arc-shaped is uniformly distributed, corresponding to drill on brake drum 113 position, 87 diameter of circular hole be more than diameter hole to be drilled；In card
Pawl 82 under conditions of support brake drum 1, carries out punch operation to brake drum, after the drill bit of punching penetrates drilling plane, bores upwards
The position of head alignment is the hole 87 on claw, so will not cause to damage to claw 82 when drilling processing.Hole 87 on claw is deep
Degree meets the drill bit extension elongation of bore process, is 0.5 centimetre.
Embodiment 10
Step S2 drilling processing fixing means, includes the following steps：
（i）：Brake drum 1 is lifted, keeps drilling plane level in upper mode, slowly falls on claw 82；
（ii）：It by claw 82 under driving mechanism driving, is supportted outward from central synchronous, until 9 outer circle of tooling on claw 82
Cambered surface withstands braking drum flange seam allowance outward；
（iii）：The height of column 71 is adjusted, the extension elongation of mandril 72 is adjusted, mandril leading head 721 is made to withstand brake drum circle
Slot on all braking surfaces, mandril 72 are level, and the included angle with horizontal direction is 0 degree.
Finally it should be noted that：The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention,
Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, still may be used
With technical scheme described in the above embodiments is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features,
All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of brake drum machining process, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
S1：Vehicle Processing carries out rough turn processing, finishing processing using positioning anti-sinking device；
S2：Drilling processing, using fixing device for drilling, inside coordinates chuck, outside to fix brake drum using mandril using tooling,
Digital control hole drilling is processed；
The step S1 Vehicle Processings, comprise the steps of：
a：According to the size model number of brake drum to be processed, height, the angle of length and rotatable head of anti-sinking mechanism are adjusted；
b：When carrying out the rough turn processing of brake drum, claw hydraulic cylinder works pressure is transferred to high tap position, 1.5MPa to 3MPa；
c：When carrying out brake drum finishing processing, claw hydraulic cylinder works pressure is transferred to low-grade location, 0.8MPa to 1.2Mpa；
d：After process finishing, anti-sinking mechanism is adjusted to initial position；
The step S2 drilling processings, include the following steps：
（i）：Brake drum is lifted, flange face is kept（Drilling plane）Level is slowly fallen on claw in upper mode；
（ii）：By claw driving mechanism driving under, supportted outward from central synchronous, until claw on tooling outside arc surface to
It is outer to withstand braking drum flange seam allowance（The inner peripheral surface of drilling plane）；
（iii）：The height for adjusting column, adjusts the extension elongation of mandril, mandril leading head is made to withstand outside brake drum braking surface
Slot on circumference.
2. brake drum machining process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step S1 Vehicle Processings use
Positioning anti-sinking device, be mounted on vertical lathe workbench on, be provided with symmetrically arranged two groups of claws on the table,
Including at least two groups anti-sinking mechanism, anti-sinking mechanism includes pedestal, height adjusting part, length adjustment portion and support portion；Branch
Support part is arranged in length adjustment portion close to one end of table core, and the opposite other end in length adjustment portion connects height adjusting part
Upper end, the lower end connect base of height adjusting part；Length adjustment portion is from one end of connection height adjusting part to connection support portion
One end be obliquely installed from low to high.
3. brake drum machining process according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the lower part of the pedestal passes through track
The upper surface of the workbench is connected, track is arranged along the radial direction of workbench；The length adjustment portion is additionally provided with angle of inclination
The angle of inclination of regulating mechanism, length adjustment portion is spent for 30 to 80, more preferably 45 degree；The height adjusting part and length adjustment
Portion is all made of leading screw, hydraulic cylinder or cylinder.
4. brake drum machining process according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in support portion far from length adjustment portion
One end be additionally provided with rotatable head, the one end of rotatable head far from support portion is provided with inclined cut, on working face also
It is provided with several protrusions.
5. brake drum machining process according to claim 4, which is characterized in that be provided with three groups on the table and prevent
Sinking mechanism, the angle of three groups of anti-sinking mechanisms between any two is 120 degree.
6. brake drum machining process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the step S2 is bored
Hole machined, the drilling processing fixing device of use, including positioned internal device and external positioning device；Positioned internal device includes
Chuck, tooling, chuck are fixed on table top, and chuck is equipped with claw, and claw connecting chuck, by chuck support, claw is by driving machine
Structure driving extends outwardly, and claw supports braking drum flange upwards（Drilling plane）, tooling is fixedly mounted on claw, outside tooling
For arc surface structure, the seam allowance of braking drum flange is withstood outward（The inner peripheral surface of drilling plane）；External positioning device includes vertical
Column and mandril, column are fixed on table top vertically, and column top connects mandril, and mandril leading head is arc-shaped structure, from outer
The outer circumference surface of brake drum braking surface is withstood in portion, and the position withstood is the slot on outer circumference surface.
7. brake drum machining process according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the step S2 drilling processings are adopted
Drilling processing fixing device further includes spring, and the spring is arranged on table top, along the bottom of brake drum braking surface circumference
End face is uniformly distributed；The tooling is to be detachably connected with claw, and tooling is bonded with claw.
8. brake drum machining process according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the tooling passes through bolt with claw
Connection, threaded connection, key connection, pin connection or slot are connected；The chuck is hand chuck, oild chuck, air spider
Or electric chuck；The claw is driven to hydraulic-driven, air pressure driving, electric drive or the driving of armstrong's patent gear；The card
Pawl coordinates chuck, has the function of self-centering.
9. brake drum machining process according to claim 8, which is characterized in that be provided on the claw hole or
Slot.
10. brake drum machining process according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the mandril is removable with column
The connection structure unloaded, mandril can be with dismounting and changes；Column it is height-adjustable；The adjustable in length that mandril stretches out.
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| CN201810194879.6A CN108422158B (en) | 2018-03-09 | 2018-03-09 | Machining method for brake drum |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810194879.6A CN108422158B (en) | 2018-03-09 | 2018-03-09 | Machining method for brake drum |
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| CN108817435A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-11-16 | 张强 | A kind of brake-shoe jig for complex milling machine tool |
| CN110090968A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-08-06 | 盛瑞传动股份有限公司 | A kind of brake drum process for machining |
| CN112935724A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-11 | 浙江隆中机械股份有限公司 | Brake disc machining process and tool |
| CN113118708A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-16 | 安徽海立汽车零部件有限公司 | Automobile clutch part machining process |
| CN114851079A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-08-05 | 合肥江淮铸造有限责任公司 | Automobile brake drum processing and positioning structure and processing device thereof |
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| CN108422158B (en) | 2020-01-14 |
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Effective date of registration: 20231102 Address after: 441300 Shiqiao village, WanDian Town, Zengdu District, Suizhou City, Hubei Province Patentee after: HUBEI YUANCHENG AUTO PARTS Co.,Ltd. Address before: 338000 Steel Industrial Park of Xinyu High-tech Zone, Jiangxi Province Patentee before: JIANGXI JIUWANG AUTO PARTS MANUFACTURING Co.,Ltd. |