CN108417890A - A kind of solid polyelectrolyte material, solid electrolyte membrane and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of solid polyelectrolyte material, solid electrolyte membrane and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108417890A CN108417890A CN201810238985.XA CN201810238985A CN108417890A CN 108417890 A CN108417890 A CN 108417890A CN 201810238985 A CN201810238985 A CN 201810238985A CN 108417890 A CN108417890 A CN 108417890A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0565—Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
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Abstract
The invention discloses solid polyelectrolyte materials, solid electrolyte membrane and preparation method thereof, the solid polyelectrolyte material, including lithium salts, polymeric matrix material and fibroin albumen, the content of the lithium salts is 1~20wt%, the content of the polymeric matrix material is 3~60wt%, and the content of the fibroin albumen is 20~96wt%.It is an advantage of the invention that preparation process is simple, and it is of low cost, a large amount of oxygen-containing functional groups are all contained in fibroin albumen and polymeric matrix material, contributes to the quick conduction of lithium ion, the conductivity at room temperature value of solid polyelectrolyte material can be improved；In addition, due to α spirals and β-pleated sheet structure in fibroin albumen, the high temperature resistance and mechanical strength of solid electrolyte material are enhanced, the growth of Li dendrite can be inhibited, prevent from being pierced through by Li dendrite.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solid electrolyte fields, more particularly to a kind of solid polyelectrolyte material, solid state electrolysis
Plasma membrane and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Electrolyte is the important component in electrochemical device.Currently, the electrolyte of lithium secondary battery is mainly by organic
Solvent is formed with lithium salts.The currently used organic electrolyte security risks that are easy to catch fire, explode, reveal etc. seriously constrain lithium two
The development of primary cell.
Solid polyelectrolyte due to that with good continuation performance and high security, can prevent electrolyte from leaking,
And it is not necessarily to diaphragm, it has attracted wide attention.But the conductivity at room temperature of solid polyelectrolyte relatively low (10-5~
10-6S cm-1), limit its practical application.
Invention content
Goal of the invention：In view of the above-mentioned problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of solid polyelectrolyte material, solid-states
Dielectric film and preparation method thereof, to solve the relatively low technical problem of conductivity at room temperature.
Technical solution：
A kind of solid polyelectrolyte material, including lithium salts, polymeric matrix material and fibroin albumen, the lithium salts
Content is 1~20wt%, and the content of the polymeric matrix material is 3~60wt%, the content of the fibroin albumen is 20~
96wt%.Due to being equipped with fibroin albumen and polymeric matrix material, all contain in fibroin albumen and polymeric matrix material a large amount of
Oxygen-containing functional group contributes to the quick conduction of lithium ion, by between lithium salts, fibroin albumen and polymeric matrix material three
Synergistic effect, can improve the conductivity at room temperature value of solid polyelectrolyte material；In addition, due in fibroin albumen
Alpha-helix and beta sheet structure enhance the high temperature resistance and mechanical strength of solid electrolyte material, can inhibit lithium branch
The growth of crystalline substance prevents from being pierced through by Li dendrite.
The fibroin albumen is Bombyx mori silk fibroin, tussah silk fibroin, amber silk element in one of the embodiments,
It is one or more in albumen, giant silkworm fibroin albumen and Spider fibroin albumen.
The lithium salts is trifluoromethyl sulfonic acid lithium, bis trifluoromethyl sulfimide lithium, double fluorine in one of the embodiments,
It is one or more in sulfimide lithium and lithium perchlorate trihydrate.
In one of the embodiments, the polymeric matrix material be aqueous polyurethane, polyvinyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene,
One or more mixing in polyethylene glycol, polyacrylamide, polyphenylene oxide and their blending, copolymer.
A kind of solid polyelectrolyte film contains above-mentioned solid polyelectrolyte material.
A kind of preparation method of solid polyelectrolyte film, includes the following steps：
1) fibroin albumen is soluble in water, the silk fibroin water solution of a concentration of 4~9% (w/v) is formed, is put into -20~4
DEG C refrigerator in refrigerate it is spare；
2) under stirring, polymeric matrix material is added in silk fibroin water solution, 12~48h is stirred, obtains
Mixed solution；
3) lithium salts is added in mixed solution, stirs 12~48h, obtain solid electrolyte solution；
4) it in a mold by solid electrolyte solution coating, is dried, you can obtain solid polyelectrolyte film.
In one of the embodiments, in step 3), stir speed (S.S.) is 30~500rpm/min.
In one of the embodiments, in step 4), drying process process is：Under vacuum conditions, 40~100 DEG C of conditions
12~48h of lower drying.
Advantageous effect：Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the invention that：
1) above-mentioned solid polyelectrolyte material, due to being equipped with fibroin albumen and polymeric matrix material, fibroin albumen
With in polymeric matrix material all contain a large amount of oxygen-containing functional groups, contribute to the quick conduction of lithium ion, polymer can be improved
The conductivity at room temperature value of solid electrolyte material；In addition, due to alpha-helix and beta sheet structure in fibroin albumen, enhancing
The high temperature resistance and mechanical strength of solid electrolyte material, can inhibit the growth of Li dendrite, prevent from being pierced by Li dendrite
It wears.Simultaneously as fibroin albumen has self-extinguishment, it is difficult to which afterflame is adapted to the building ring of temperature higher (180 DEG C or more)
Border greatly improves the solid polyelectrolyte material and all solid lithium secondary battery based on this electrolyte
Security performance, and at present other types of solid polyelectrolyte material operating temperature at 100 DEG C or less.
2) preparation method of above-mentioned solid polyelectrolyte film, simple process and low cost is honest and clean, adaptable, obtained
Solid polyelectrolyte film has higher conductivity at room temperature, is suitable for large-scale productionization popularization.In addition, fibroin egg
Also there is bio-compatibility to be provided for all-solid-state battery and microelectronic device based on this solid electrolyte material in vain
Human implantable work it is potentially possible.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy figure of the solid polyelectrolyte film of embodiment 1 at room temperature；
Fig. 2 is the room temperature ac impedance spectroscopy of the solid polyelectrolyte film of embodiment 1,2,5 and comparative example 1；
Fig. 3 is the electrochemical window test curve of the solid polyelectrolyte film of embodiment 1,2,5 and comparative example 1；
Fig. 4 is the thermal analysis curve of embodiment 1,2,5 and the solid polyelectrolyte film of comparative example 1.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of solid polyelectrolyte material, including lithium salts, polymeric matrix material and fibroin albumen, the content of lithium salts
Content for 1~20wt%, polymeric matrix material is 3~60wt%, and the content of fibroin albumen is 20~96wt%.Wherein,
Fibroin albumen is common fibroin albumen, is preferably but not limited to Bombyx mori silk fibroin, tussah silk fibroin, amber silk element egg
In vain, one or more in giant silkworm fibroin albumen and Spider fibroin albumen.
Lithium salts is common lithium salts, and preferably trifluoromethyl sulfonic acid lithium, bis trifluoromethyl sulfimide lithium, double fluorine sulphonyl is sub-
It is one or more in amine lithium and lithium perchlorate trihydrate.
Polymeric matrix material is common polymeric matrix material, preferably aqueous polyurethane, polyvinyl alcohol, polyoxy second
One or more mixing in alkene, polyethylene glycol, polyacrylamide, polyphenylene oxide and their blending, copolymer.
A kind of solid polyelectrolyte film contains above-mentioned solid polyelectrolyte material.By by polymer solid
For electrolyte by processing, obtained film is solid polyelectrolyte film.
A kind of preparation method of solid polyelectrolyte film, includes the following steps：
1) fibroin albumen is soluble in water, the silk fibroin water solution of a concentration of 4~9% (w/v) is formed, is put into -20~4
DEG C refrigerator in refrigerate it is spare.Since fibroin albumen is easy expired go bad, it is therefore desirable to preserve under cryogenic.
2) under stirring, polymeric matrix material is added in silk fibroin water solution, 12~48h of stirring is mixed
Close solution.
Wherein, stir speed (S.S.) is 30~500rpm/min.
3) lithium salts is added in mixed solution, stirs 12~48h, obtains solid electrolyte solution.
Wherein, stir speed (S.S.) is 30~500rpm/min.
4) it in a mold by solid electrolyte solution coating, is dried, you can obtain solid polyelectrolyte film.
Wherein, drying process process is：Under vacuum conditions, dry 12~48h under the conditions of 40~100 DEG C.
Embodiment 1
A kind of solid polyelectrolyte material, including lithium salts, polymeric matrix material and fibroin albumen, the content of lithium salts
Content for 5wt%, polymeric matrix material is 30wt%, and the content of fibroin albumen is 65wt%.
Wherein, fibroin albumen is Bombyx mori silk fibroin.Lithium salts is bis trifluoromethyl sulfimide lithium.Polymeric matrix material
For polyvinyl alcohol and polyoxyethylated mixture, wherein polyvinyl alcohol is 1.5 with polyoxyethylated mass ratio：1.
A kind of solid polyelectrolyte film contains above-mentioned solid polyelectrolyte material.
A kind of preparation method of solid polyelectrolyte film, includes the following steps：
1) fibroin albumen is soluble in water, the silk fibroin water solution of a concentration of 6% (w/v) is formed, 4 DEG C of refrigerator is put into
Middle refrigeration is spare；
2) under stirring, polymeric matrix material is added in silk fibroin water solution, 20h is stirred, is mixed
Solution, stir speed (S.S.) 50rpm/min；
3) lithium salts is added in mixed solution, stirs 12h, obtains solid electrolyte solution；Stir speed (S.S.) is 60rpm/
min。
4) it by solid electrolyte solution coating in Teflon mould, is dried, you can obtain polymer solid
Dielectric film.Wherein, drying process process is：Under vacuum conditions, dry 48h under the conditions of 90 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
A kind of solid polyelectrolyte material, including lithium salts, polymeric matrix material and fibroin albumen, the content of lithium salts
Content for 10wt%, polymeric matrix material is 40wt%, and the content of fibroin albumen is 50wt%.
Wherein, fibroin albumen is Spider fibroin albumen.Lithium salts is three water of bis trifluoromethyl sulfimide lithium and lithium perchlorate
Close the mixture of object.Polymeric matrix material is monocomponent waterborne polyurethane lotion, specially：(9- is different for 2- heptane base -3,4- bis-
Cyanic acid ester group nonyl) 1- pentyl cyclohexylamine, wherein the quality of bis trifluoromethyl sulfimide lithium and lithium perchlorate trihydrate
Than being 1：1.
A kind of solid polyelectrolyte film contains above-mentioned solid polyelectrolyte material.
A kind of preparation method of solid polyelectrolyte film, includes the following steps：
1) fibroin albumen is soluble in water, the silk fibroin water solution of a concentration of 9% (w/v) is formed, -20 DEG C of ice is put into
It is refrigerated in case spare；
2) under stirring, polymeric matrix material is added in silk fibroin water solution, stirring for 24 hours, is mixed
Solution, wherein stir speed (S.S.) 150rpm/min；
3) lithium salts is added in mixed solution, stirring for 24 hours, obtains solid electrolyte solution；Stir speed (S.S.) is 100rpm/
min。
4) it in a mold by solid electrolyte solution coating, is dried, you can obtain solid polyelectrolyte film.Its
In, drying process process is：Under vacuum conditions, under the conditions of 80 DEG C it is dry for 24 hours.
Embodiment 3
A kind of solid polyelectrolyte material, including lithium salts, polymeric matrix material and fibroin albumen, the content of lithium salts
Content for 15wt%, polymeric matrix material is 50wt%, and the content of fibroin albumen is 35wt%.
Wherein, fibroin albumen is giant silkworm fibroin albumen.Lithium salts is trifluoromethyl sulfonic acid lithium.Polymeric matrix material is poly- second
Glycol and polyoxyethylated copolymer.Polyethylene glycol is 6 with polyoxyethylated mass ratio：1.
A kind of solid polyelectrolyte film contains above-mentioned solid polyelectrolyte material.
A kind of preparation method of solid polyelectrolyte film, includes the following steps：
1) fibroin albumen is soluble in water, the silk fibroin water solution of a concentration of 7% (w/v) is formed, -5 DEG C of ice is put into
It is refrigerated in case spare；
2) under stirring, polymeric matrix material is added in silk fibroin water solution, 36h is stirred, is mixed
Solution, wherein stir speed (S.S.) 50rpm/min；
3) lithium salts is added in mixed solution, stirs 20h, obtains solid electrolyte solution；Stir speed (S.S.) is 200rpm/
min。
4) it in a mold by solid electrolyte solution coating, is dried, you can obtain solid polyelectrolyte film.Its
In, drying process process is：Under vacuum conditions, dry 12h under the conditions of 100 DEG C.
Embodiment 4
A kind of solid polyelectrolyte material, including lithium salts, polymeric matrix material and fibroin albumen, the content of lithium salts
Content for 2wt%, polymeric matrix material is 5wt%, and the content of fibroin albumen is 93wt%.
Wherein, fibroin albumen is amber fibroin protein.Lithium salts is lithium perchlorate trihydrate.Polymeric matrix material is
Polyphenylene oxide.
A kind of solid polyelectrolyte film contains above-mentioned solid polyelectrolyte material.
A kind of preparation method of solid polyelectrolyte film, includes the following steps：
1) fibroin albumen is soluble in water, the silk fibroin water solution of a concentration of 6% (w/v) is formed, 0 DEG C of refrigerator is put into
Middle refrigeration is spare；
2) under stirring, polymeric matrix material is added in silk fibroin water solution, 12h is stirred, is mixed
Solution, wherein stir speed (S.S.) 200rpm/min；
3) lithium salts is added in mixed solution, stirring for 24 hours, obtains solid electrolyte solution；Stir speed (S.S.) is 500rpm/
min。
4) it in a mold by solid electrolyte solution coating, is dried, you can obtain solid polyelectrolyte film.Its
In, drying process process is：Under vacuum conditions, dry 12h under the conditions of 100 DEG C.
Embodiment 5
A kind of solid polyelectrolyte material, including lithium salts, polymeric matrix material and fibroin albumen, the content of lithium salts
Content for 20wt%, polymeric matrix material is 10wt%, and the content of fibroin albumen is 70wt%.
Wherein, fibroin albumen is tussah silk fibroin.Lithium salts is bis trifluoromethyl sulfimide lithium.Polymeric matrix material
For polyoxyethylene.
A kind of solid polyelectrolyte film contains above-mentioned solid polyelectrolyte material.
A kind of preparation method of solid polyelectrolyte film, includes the following steps：
1) fibroin albumen is soluble in water, the silk fibroin water solution of a concentration of 5% (w/v) is formed, 4 DEG C of refrigerator is put into
Middle refrigeration is spare；
2) under stirring, polymeric matrix material is added in silk fibroin water solution, stirring for 24 hours, is mixed
Solution, wherein stir speed (S.S.) 30rpm/min；
3) lithium salts is added in mixed solution, stirs 36h, obtains solid electrolyte solution；Stir speed (S.S.) is 60rpm/
min。
4) it in a mold by solid electrolyte solution coating, is dried, you can obtain solid polyelectrolyte film.Its
In, drying process process is：Under vacuum conditions, dry 48h under the conditions of 60 DEG C.
Comparative example 1
It is substantially the same with embodiment 1, the difference lies in that not adding fibroin albumen in this comparative example 1.
Performance test
Embodiment 1,2,5 and comparative example 1 are tested for the property, test event and method are as follows：
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy：It is red that Fourier transformation is carried out to solid polyelectrolyte film prepared by embodiment 1
External spectrum is tested, and obtained infrared spectrum is as shown in Figure 1.As shown in Figure 1, due to being added to silk in solid polyelectrolyte film
Fibroin has special alpha-helix and beta sheet structure, enables solid polyelectrolyte film in the work of higher temperature
It works under environment, improves the labor aptitude of solid polyelectrolyte film.
Conductivity at room temperature takes AC impedence method to be tested：Specifically by the solid polyelectrolyte film of preparation
It is assembled into (stainless steel substrates/solid polyelectrolyte film/metal lithium sheet) battery with circular stainless steel substrates and metal lithium sheet, is used
Electrochemical workstation carries out ac impedance measurement at room temperature；It is counted with formula σ=t/RA by testing obtained ac impedance spectroscopy
Calculate the ionic conductivity σ of solid polyelectrolyte film.Wherein, t is the thickness of dielectric film, and R is the resistance value of dielectric film, A
For the cross-sectional area of dielectric film.
Electrochemical operation window takes cyclic voltammetry to be tested：Specifically by the solid polyelectrolyte film of preparation
It is assembled into (stainless steel substrates/solid polyelectrolyte film/metal lithium sheet) battery with circular stainless steel substrates and metal lithium sheet, is used
Electrochemical workstation carries out electrochemical operation window test, obtains linear sweep voltammetry curve.
Maximum operating temperature：The solid polyelectrolyte film of preparation is subjected to differential scanning calorimeter test, obtains heat
Analyze curve.
Test result is as shown in table 1 and Fig. 2~4.
The test result contrast table of 1 embodiment 1,2,5 of table and comparative example
As shown in Table 1, the solid polyelectrolyte film that the embodiment of the present invention 1,2 and 5 obtains, obtains with comparative example 1
Solid polyelectrolyte film compare, there is preferable conductivity at room temperature, while there is higher electrochemical window, energy
Enough and high voltage system positive electrode stable matching, and then the higher solid state battery of energy density can be obtained；Operating temperature
Also it is increased substantially, can be adapted for compared in harsh environment.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of solid polyelectrolyte material, which is characterized in that including lithium salts, polymeric matrix material and fibroin albumen,
The content of the lithium salts is 1~20wt%, and the content of the polymeric matrix material is 3~60wt%, the fibroin albumen
Content is 20~96wt%.
2. a kind of solid polyelectrolyte material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fibroin albumen is mulberry
Fibroin protein, tussah silk fibroin, amber fibroin protein, giant silkworm fibroin albumen and one kind or more in Spider fibroin albumen
Kind.
3. a kind of solid polyelectrolyte material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the lithium salts is fluoroform
It is one or more in base Sulfonic Lithium, bis trifluoromethyl sulfimide lithium, double fluorine sulfimide lithiums and lithium perchlorate trihydrate.
4. a kind of solid polyelectrolyte material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the polymeric matrix material
Material is aqueous polyurethane, polyvinyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene, polyethylene glycol, polyacrylamide, polyphenylene oxide and their blending, altogether
One or more mixing in polymers.
5. a kind of solid polyelectrolyte film, which is characterized in that contain the polymerization described in any one of Claims 1 to 4
Object solid electrolyte material.
6. a kind of preparation method of the solid polyelectrolyte film described in claim 5, which is characterized in that including following step
Suddenly：
1) fibroin albumen is soluble in water, the silk fibroin water solution of a concentration of 4~9% (w/v) is formed, is put into -20~4 DEG C
It is refrigerated in refrigerator spare；
2) under stirring, polymeric matrix material is added in silk fibroin water solution, 12~48h is stirred, is mixed
Solution；
3) lithium salts is added in mixed solution, stirs 12~48h, obtains solid electrolyte solution；
4) it in a mold by solid electrolyte solution coating, is dried, you can obtain solid polyelectrolyte film.
7. a kind of preparation method of solid polyelectrolyte film according to claim 6, which is characterized in that step 3)
In, stir speed (S.S.) is 30~500rpm/min.
8. a kind of preparation method of solid polyelectrolyte film according to claim 6, which is characterized in that step 4)
In, drying process process is：Under vacuum conditions, dry 12~48h under the conditions of 40~100 DEG C.
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| CN110600743A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-20 | 宁波大学 | Method for inhibiting growth of zinc dendrite in zinc battery |
| CN113078351A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-06 | 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 | Solid electrolyte, preparation method thereof and solid battery |
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