CN108415485B - A kind of metal bath temperature real-tune TT & C adjustment device and method - Google Patents
A kind of metal bath temperature real-tune TT & C adjustment device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108415485B CN108415485B CN201810133994.2A CN201810133994A CN108415485B CN 108415485 B CN108415485 B CN 108415485B CN 201810133994 A CN201810133994 A CN 201810133994A CN 108415485 B CN108415485 B CN 108415485B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005619 thermoelectricity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007499 fusion processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010308 vacuum induction melting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000846 In alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001417490 Sillaginidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/20—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature
- G05D23/22—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature the sensing element being a thermocouple
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B11/00—Automatic controllers
- G05B11/01—Automatic controllers electric
- G05B11/36—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential
- G05B11/42—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential for obtaining a characteristic which is both proportional and time-dependent, e.g. P. I., P. I. D.
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/27—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing element responsive to radiation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/30—Automatic controllers with an auxiliary heating device affecting the sensing element, e.g. for anticipating change of temperature
- G05D23/32—Automatic controllers with an auxiliary heating device affecting the sensing element, e.g. for anticipating change of temperature with provision for adjustment of the effect of the auxiliary heating device, e.g. a function of time
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Control Of Temperature (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of metal bath temperature real-tune TT & Cs to adjust device and method, including infrared temperature measurement apparatus, programmable logic controller PLC, intermediate frequency power supply power control port, programmable logic controller PLC connection intermediate frequency power supply power control port, and according to the heating power of preset preferred temperature value control vaccum sensitive stove；Infrared temperature measurement apparatus continuously measures the temperature of melt in vaccum sensitive stove crucible, and thermocouple carries out discontinuous measurement to the temperature to melt in vaccum sensitive stove crucible, and the temperature signal of measurement is sent to programmable logic controller PLC；The programmable logic controller PLC is calibrated according to thermocouple measured temperature signal, is adjusted to the heating power of vaccum sensitive stove.The present invention has played infrared measurement of temperature strong real-time and the high advantage of thermocouple temperature measurement accuracy simultaneously, keeps the temperature value of required observing and controlling more accurate, improves the quality of produced product.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Casting Equipment and fields of automation technology, more particularly, to a kind of metal bath temperature real-tune TT & C
Adjust device and method.
Background technique
In alloy melting, refining process, the requirement to the precision and sublimate of alloying component is higher and higher.Vacuum
Induction Melting Technology is a kind of current important technology for guaranteeing alloying component degree of purity and accuracy.Vacuum induction melting technique
Including processes such as charging, melting stage, refining period, casting, each phase temperature is especially refined during realizing vacuum induction melting
The accurate control of temperature and pouring temperature, high cleanliness and accuracy to final alloying component play a key role.
Currently, vacuum induction melting technique is generally controlled by power (KW)-time (min) relation curve, Fig. 1 is
Vacuum metling process curve (Guo Jianting, the high-temperature alloy material (mid-term) of typical commercial scale K444 alloy master alloy
P35-44).The determination of technological parameter is typically all by feat of operating experience, usually with a certain size heating function in fusion process
Rate, certain smelting time is as refinery practice parameter, but this is inaccurate for the control of the temperature of fusion process.Cause
Even if the temperature of melt still may change under certain power condition, and only when significant change occurs for temperature
Afterwards, operative employee's talent conference manually adjusts heating power；Obviously, the regulative mode of this temperature is lag, and very
It is easy to appear the too big phenomenon of temperature fluctuation, not can guarantee the long-time stable of temperature in refining process, not can guarantee melting conjunction
The stability of golden amount.And this unstable variation finally can also have an impact the Smelting Effect of alloy.Vaccum sensitive stove
Interior melt temperature is difficult to on-line continuous real-time monitoring, and it is even more impossible to realize to automatically control.
Currently, common temperature control means are to carry out thermometric using thermocouple, using temperature control instrument in the application of industrial furnace
Or PLC receives temperature signal and exports the watt level that control signal adjusts industrial furnace to power supply, however due to molten in metal
During refining, if thermocouple for a long time immerse aluminium alloy in, thermocouple easily fuses into molten metal, cause thermometric can not continue into
Row.It is not suitable for process for vacuum induction smelting in this way.
And individually use infrared measurement of temperature+PLC control mode, then can only observing and controlling bath surface temperature data, when long
Between refine in the case where, pollution of the infrared radiation thermometer vulnerable to steam in vaccum sensitive stove and dust itself causes temperature to measure
Deviation, on the other hand, the dross amount of bath surface can also gradually change with the progress of refining process, cause temperature thermometric
Deviation；The two aspect collective effects can make individually to use infrared radiation thermometer that can not carry out accurate observing and controlling to temperature.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of metal bath temperature real-tune TT & C adjustment device and sides
Method.Solves the temperature drift situation during vaccum sensitive stove measurement and control of temperature.
The complete technical solution of the present invention includes:
A kind of metal bath temperature real-tune TT & C adjustment device, including the temperature automatically controlled subsystem of vaccum sensitive stove and thermocouple
Thermometric calibrates subsystem；
The temperature automatically controlled subsystem of the vaccum sensitive stove include infrared temperature measurement apparatus, programmable logic controller PLC,
Intermediate frequency power supply power control port, by the port AQn, (AQ indicates analog output port, n to programmable logic controller PLC
Can be 0,1,2 ... for the channel number of corresponding port) connection intermediate frequency power supply power control port, and according to preset expectation temperature
The heating power of angle value control vaccum sensitive stove；The infrared temperature measurement apparatus carries out the temperature of melt in vaccum sensitive stove crucible
Continuous measurement, and the temperature signal of measurement is sent to programmable logic controller PLC；
The thermocouple temperature measurement calibration subsystem includes thermocouple, and the thermocouple is melted in vaccum sensitive stove crucible
The temperature of body carries out discontinuous measurement, and the temperature signal of measurement is sent to programmable logic controller PLC；It is described to compile
Program logic controller PLC is calibrated according to thermocouple measured temperature signal, is adjusted to the heating power of vaccum sensitive stove
It is whole.
Especially, the thermocouple is angularly disposed, collinear with the diagonal line of crucible longitudinal section in vaccum sensitive stove, thermocouple
Being partly installed on positioning plate outside vaccum sensitive stove can simultaneously move forward or back along the diagonal of crucible longitudinal section,
The positioning plate is equipped with rectangle sliding slot, and the thermocouple passes through sliding slot and can rotate in sliding slot, and thermocouple is equipped with four
A locating piece, positioning block length heating galvanic couple diameter is greater than the width of rectangle sliding slot, but is less than the length of rectangle sliding slot, and first is fixed
When position block is located at sliding slot, pyrometer fire-end is located at outside crucible, and when the second locating piece is located at sliding slot, pyrometer fire-end is located on crucible
Portion's side-walls, when third locating piece is located at sliding slot, pyrometer fire-end is located at crucible center, when the 4th locating piece is located at sliding slot,
Pyrometer fire-end is located at crucible bottom side-walls.When thermocouple is retracted, on the chute, pyrometer fire-end is located at the first locating piece card
Outside crucible, rotary thermoelectric is even when thermometric, so that the first locating piece is passed through sliding slot and moves on, thermocouple advances, the second locating piece
When reaching sliding slot, rotary thermoelectric is even, on the chute by the second locating piece card, at this time at pyrometer fire-end crucible upper portion side wall, and
Melt temperature at this is measured, measurement finishes rotary thermoelectric idol, so that the second locating piece is passed through sliding slot and moves on, third locating piece
When reaching sliding slot, rotary thermoelectric is even, on the chute by third locating piece card, at this time at pyrometer fire-end crucible center, and measures
Melt temperature at this, measurement finish rotary thermoelectric idol, so that third locating piece is passed through sliding slot and move on, the 4th locating piece reaches
When sliding slot, rotary thermoelectric is even, on the chute by the 4th locating piece card, pyrometer fire-end crucible bottom side-walls at this time, and measure
Melt temperature at this, measurement finish rotary thermoelectric idol, so that the 4th locating piece is passed through sliding slot and retreat.The first locating piece is backed to arrive
Rotary thermoelectric is even when up to sliding slot, on the chute by the first locating piece card.Thermocouple front end protrudes crucible.
The above operation, which uses, to be manually adjusted.
Further include the man-machine interface for inputting operating parameter, the man-machine interface to preset desired temperature value, and
The temperature value is sent to programmable logic controller PLC.
It further include infrared temperature signal transmitting output device and Thermocouple Temperature Signal pick-up output device, described is infrared
Temperature signal is sent to the of programmable logic controller PLC by infrared temperature signal transmitting output device by temperature measuring equipment
The one input signal port port AIn1 (AI indicates analog input port, and n1 is the channel number of corresponding port, can for 01,11,
21 ...), temperature signal is sent to programmable logic control by thermocouple signal pick-up output device by the thermocouple
The second input signal port port AIn2 of device PLC processed (n2 is the channel number of corresponding port, can be 02,12,22 ...).
The programmable logic controller PLC is communicated with man-machine interface by Industrial Ethernet interface.
The thermocouple is Wolfram rhenium heat electric couple.
The programmable logic controller PLC calls its included PID module, to preset expectation temperature value with connect
The temperature signal of receipts is compared, and determines the difference of numerical value and the change rate of difference, so that it is determined that the size of output signal, centering
The power of frequency power is controlled, and achievees the effect that control temperature.
The method that the metal bath temperature real-tune TT & C adjustment device carries out temperature adjustment, includes the following steps:
(1) the temperature value T4 that setting expectation reaches in man-machine interface controls medium frequency induction power supply function through PID controller
After a certain period of time, the melt temperature in crucible reaches certain temperature to rate automatic heating temperature control, is measured by infrared temperature measurement apparatus molten
Temperature numerical value T1, at this point, the received temperature signal numerical value of PID controller is T3, at this time T1=T3=T4；
(2) thermocouple is immersed in metal bath and measures melt temperature, thermocouple signal pick-up output device connects programmable
The second input signal port port AIn2 of sequence logic controller PLC can show thermoelectricity by the port in man-machine interface
Temperature value T2 measured by even temperature measuring equipment.
(3) by temperature value T2 measured by thermocouple temperature measuring apparatus, be stored in the correspondence memory in PLC, and with it is red
The temperature value that outer temperature measuring equipment measures is subtracted each other, and difference △ T=T2-T1 is obtained, which is added in the received temperature of PID controller
Numerically, which is passed in PID controller signal, carries out temperature tune by PID controller control intermediate frequency power supply power control port
Whole, which is passed in PID controller, exports control parameter by the channel AQn of PLC by PID controller, controls intermediate frequency power supply
Power control port changes melt temperature, the received temperature signal of PID controller is made to be stabilized to T3+ to temperature adjustment is carried out
△T；
(4) (the 2)-step that repeats the above steps at a certain time interval (3).
In step (2), in thermocouple measurement crucible at different location melt temperature, and the average value of above-mentioned temperature is taken to make
For temperature value T2 measured by thermocouple temperature measuring apparatus.
Diagonal of the thermocouple along crucible longitudinal section moves, to measure crucible bottom side-walls T respectivelyB, in crucible
T at the heartc, melt temperature T at crucible upper portion side wallT, diagonal of the thermocouple along crucible longitudinal section moves, to survey respectively
Measure crucible bottom side-walls TB, T at crucible centerc, melt temperature T at crucible upper portion side wallT, specially thermometric when rotation heat
Galvanic couple makes the first locating piece pass through sliding slot and moves on, and thermocouple advances, when the second locating piece reaches sliding slot, rotary thermoelectric
It is even, on the chute by the second locating piece card, at this time at pyrometer fire-end crucible upper portion side wall, and melt temperature at this is measured, surveyed
Amount finishes rotary thermoelectric idol, so that the second locating piece is passed through sliding slot and moves on, when third locating piece reaches sliding slot, rotary thermoelectric
It is even, on the chute by third locating piece card, at this time at pyrometer fire-end crucible center, and melt temperature at this is measured, measured
It is even to finish rotary thermoelectric, third locating piece is made to pass through sliding slot and moves on, when the 4th locating piece reaches sliding slot, rotary thermoelectric is even,
On the chute by the 4th locating piece card, pyrometer fire-end crucible bottom side-walls at this time, and melt temperature at this is measured, it has measured
It is even to finish rotary thermoelectric, the 4th locating piece is made to pass through sliding slot and retreats.It is even to back to rotary thermoelectric when the first locating piece reaches sliding slot,
On the chute by the first locating piece card.Thermocouple front end protrudes crucible,
Programmable logic controller PLC uses following formula:
Above-mentioned temperature is handled, obtaining that treated, thermocouple surveys melt temperature T2.
The certain time interval are 3-10min.
The present invention compared with the existing technology the advantages of be:
(1) can melt temperature of overall process when monitoring in real time and automatically controlling vacuum induction melting, and can be to complete
The temperature parameter of process each period carries out the record of electronic data, provides foundation to formulate the smelting technology parameter of alloy；It mentions
High production efficiency, reduces the labor intensity of worker.
(2) observing and controlling and calibration are carried out to temperature in such a way that infrared measurement of temperature is in conjunction with thermocouple temperature measurement, while played
Infrared measurement of temperature strong real-time and the high advantage of thermocouple temperature measurement accuracy, keep the temperature value of required observing and controlling more accurate.
(3) due to improving melting the accuracy of required observing and controlling temperature value when, improves the quality of produced product, drop
Low rejection rate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that existing industrial vacuum smelts typical process curve.
Fig. 2 is the schematic illustration of vacuum induction melting process temperature real-tune TT & C and calibration system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is thermocouple of the present invention and mounting plate cross-sectional view.
Fig. 4 is thermocouple of the present invention and mounting plate Longitudinal cross section schematic.
The nickel base superalloy that Fig. 5 is 7.5kg of the present invention returns to material fusion process temperature curve.
In figure, 1 is mounting plate, and 2 be sliding slot, and 3 be thermocouple, and 4 be locating piece.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
The vacuum induction melting process temperature real-tune TT & C and calibration system of comparative diagram 2, the system include vaccum sensitive stove
Automatic temperature control system and thermocouple temperature measurement calibration system.
Vaccum sensitive stove automatic temperature control system includes infrared temperature measurement apparatus, infrared temperature signal transmitting output device, can compile
Program logic controller PLC, the man-machine interface for inputting operating parameter, intermediate frequency power supply power control port, described compiles
Program logic controller PLC uses Siemens S7-1500PLC, CPU 1511C-1PN, and the man-machine interface model is west gate
Sub- KTP700basic-1PN.
Wherein, the first input signal port port AIn1 of PLC connects infrared temperature signal transmitting output device, and PLC's is defeated
The port signal port AQn connects intermediate frequency power supply power control port out, and programmable logic controller PLC and man-machine interface pass through work
Industrial Ethernet interface is communicated, and current mode, the current desired temperature number reached of setting can be set in man-machine interface
It is worth and shows the temperature value that current infrared temperature measurement apparatus measures.The PLC input signal port and output signal port
It is onboard analog input/output port of SIEMENS PLC.
Inside PLC, by the PID module for calling its included, to compare the desired temperature numerical value and PID that are arranged in PLC
The received temperature signal of controller (the i.e. infrared temperature signal) difference of numerical value and the change rate of this difference, so that it is determined that PLC
The size of output signal controls the power of intermediate frequency power supply, and then achievees the effect that control temperature.
Thermocouple temperature measurement calibration system includes thermocouple 3 and Thermocouple Temperature Signal pick-up output device；Wherein, thermocouple
Signal transmitting output device connects the second input signal port port AIn2 of programmable logic controller PLC, by the port,
Temperature value measured by thermocouple temperature measuring apparatus can be shown in man-machine interface.The thermocouple is Wolfram rhenium heat electric couple,
Its temperature-measuring range is up to 2300 DEG C；The PLC input signal port is the onboard analog input port of SIEMENS PLC.
Especially, the thermocouple 3 is angularly disposed, collinear with the diagonal line of crucible longitudinal section in vaccum sensitive stove, thermoelectricity
It is even be located at being partly installed on positioning plate 1 outside vaccum sensitive stove and can along the advance of the diagonal of crucible longitudinal section or after
It moves back, the positioning plate is equipped with rectangle sliding slot 2, and the thermocouple 3 passes through sliding slot and can rotate in sliding slot, sets on thermocouple
There are four locating piece 4, positioning block length heating galvanic couple diameter is greater than the width of rectangle sliding slot, but is less than the length of rectangle sliding slot,
When first locating piece is located at sliding slot, pyrometer fire-end is located at outside crucible, and when the second locating piece is located at sliding slot, pyrometer fire-end is located at
At crucible upper portion side wall, when third locating piece is located at sliding slot, pyrometer fire-end is located at crucible center, and the 4th locating piece, which is located at, to be slided
When slot, pyrometer fire-end is located at crucible bottom side-walls.When thermocouple is retracted, the first locating piece card on the chute, hot thermocouple
End is located at outside crucible, and rotary thermoelectric is even when thermometric, so that the first locating piece is passed through sliding slot and moves on, and thermocouple advances, and second
When locating piece reaches sliding slot, rotary thermoelectric is even, on the chute by the second locating piece card, pyrometer fire-end crucible upper portion side wall at this time
Place, and melt temperature at this is measured, measurement finishes rotary thermoelectric idol, so that the second locating piece is passed through sliding slot and moves on, third
When locating piece reaches sliding slot, rotary thermoelectric is even, on the chute by third locating piece card, at this time at pyrometer fire-end crucible center,
And melt temperature at this is measured, and measurement finishes rotary thermoelectric idol, and so that third locating piece is passed through sliding slot and moves on, the 4th positioning
When block reaches sliding slot, rotary thermoelectric is even, on the chute by the 4th locating piece card, pyrometer fire-end crucible bottom side-walls at this time,
And melt temperature at this is measured, measurement finishes rotary thermoelectric idol, so that the 4th locating piece is passed through sliding slot and retreats.It is fixed to back to first
Rotary thermoelectric is even when position block reaches sliding slot, on the chute by the first locating piece card.Thermocouple front end protrudes crucible.
The method of metal bath temperature real-tune TT & C adjustment:
(1) the temperature value T4 that setting expectation reaches in man-machine interface controls medium frequency induction power supply function through PID controller
After a certain period of time, the melt temperature in crucible reaches certain temperature to rate automatic heating temperature control, is measured by infrared temperature measurement apparatus molten
Temperature numerical value T1, at this point, the received temperature signal numerical value of PID controller is T3, at this time T1=T3=T4；
As previously mentioned, infrared measurement of temperature can only observing and controlling bath surface temperature data, long-time refine in the case where, it is infrared
Temperature measurer itself is made vulnerable to the pollution of steam in vaccum sensitive stove and dust and the influence of the dross amount variation of bath surface
At the deviation that temperature measures, the melt temperature inside temperature and crucible that infrared radiation thermometer is surveyed at this time has certain deviation, and
It cannot complete accurate observing and controlling.
(2) thermocouple is immersed in metal bath and measures melt temperature, thermocouple signal pick-up output device connects programmable
The second input signal port port AIn2 of sequence logic controller PLC can show thermoelectricity by the port in man-machine interface
Temperature value measured by even temperature measuring equipment.Diagonal of the thermocouple along crucible longitudinal section moves, to measure crucible respectively
T at bottom sidewallB, T at crucible centerc, melt temperature T at crucible upper portion side wallT, thermocouple is diagonal along crucible longitudinal section
Line direction movement, to measure crucible bottom side-walls T respectivelyB, T at crucible centerc, melt temperature T at crucible upper portion side wallT,
Specially thermometric when rotary thermoelectric it is even, so that the first locating piece is passed through sliding slot and move on, thermocouple advances, and the second locating piece arrives
When up to sliding slot, rotary thermoelectric is even, on the chute by the second locating piece card, at this time at pyrometer fire-end crucible upper portion side wall, and surveys
Melt temperature at this is measured, measurement finishes rotary thermoelectric idol, so that the second locating piece is passed through sliding slot and moves on, third locating piece arrives
When up to sliding slot, rotary thermoelectric is even, and on the chute by third locating piece card, at this time at pyrometer fire-end crucible center, and measuring should
Locate melt temperature, measurement finishes rotary thermoelectric idol, so that third locating piece is passed through sliding slot and moves on, and the 4th locating piece, which reaches, to be slided
When slot, rotary thermoelectric is even, on the chute by the 4th locating piece card, pyrometer fire-end crucible bottom side-walls at this time, and and measuring should
Locate melt temperature, measurement finishes rotary thermoelectric idol, so that the 4th locating piece is passed through sliding slot and retreats.Back to the arrival of the first locating piece
Rotary thermoelectric is even when sliding slot, on the chute by the first locating piece card.Thermocouple front end protrudes crucible,
Programmable logic controller PLC handles above-mentioned temperature, and obtaining that treated, thermocouple surveys melt temperature T2:
During induction heating, the temperature field in melt portion is more complex in crucible, and melt is obtained due to induction heating
Heat, while melt and sidewall of crucible contact generate conduction heat exchange, crucible outer wall generates radiation heat transfer with to induction furnace, in sidewall of crucible
Portion generates conduction heat exchange, and bath surface and exterior space generate radiation heat transfer, even inside melt, due to the distribution of electromagnetic field
Unevenly, it is also not consistent to obtain temperature for each place, thus there is also convection current and conduction heat exchange inside melt.In such case
Under, it is very difficult to accurately measure the temperature inside evaluation melt.Thus the present invention uses multimetering, calculates average
The method of value increases the accuracy of thermometric.
(3) by temperature value T2 measured by thermocouple temperature measuring apparatus, be stored in the correspondence memory in PLC, and with it is red
The temperature value that outer temperature measuring equipment measures is subtracted each other, and difference △ T=T2-T1 is obtained, which is added in the received temperature of PID controller
Numerically, which is passed in PID controller signal, control parameter is exported by the channel AQn of PLC by PID controller, in control
The power control port of frequency power changes melt temperature, makes the received temperature signal of PID controller to temperature adjustment is carried out
It is stabilized to T3+ △ T；
(4) (such as 3-10min) repeats the above steps at a certain time interval, and the melt measured by the thermocouple is practical
Temperature is consistent with set temperature.
Simultaneously according to multiple temperature control adjustment process above, the present invention has also obtained a kind of temperature control method, specially to more
It is molten to vacuum induction at this time when the surveyed melt temperature of thermocouple and set temperature difference are in -10 DEG C in secondary temperature control adjustment process
Power used by furnace is sampled, and is denoted as P respectively1, P2, P3……PN, N is that the power quantity that sampling obtains (such as uses
320KW, 325KW, 350KW, i.e. totally 3 power), number used by each power is denoted as A respectively1, A2, A3……AN, pass through
Following formula obtains single power PiCorresponding weight xi,
And using the average value of each power of each weight calculation:
After melt actual temperature measured by thermocouple is stable at set temperature, melt is protected using above-mentioned power
Temperature.
Specific embodiment 1:
Material, which is returned, using nickel base superalloy of the above-mentioned temperature real-tune TT & C calibration system to 7.5kg carries out melting.
Vaccum sensitive stove automatic temperature control system includes infrared temperature measurement apparatus, infrared temperature signal transmitting output device, can compile
Program logic controller PLC, the man-machine interface for inputting operating parameter, intermediate frequency power supply power control port, described compiles
Program logic controller PLC uses Siemens S7-1500PLC, CPU 1511C-1PN, and the man-machine interface model is west gate
Sub- KTP700basic-1PN.
Wherein, the first input signal port port AIn1 of PLC connects infrared temperature signal transmitting output device, and PLC's is defeated
The port signal port AQ0 connects intermediate frequency power supply power control port out, and programmable logic controller PLC and man-machine interface pass through work
Industrial Ethernet interface is communicated, and current mode, the current desired temperature number reached of setting can be set in man-machine interface
It is worth and shows the temperature value that current infrared temperature measurement apparatus measures.The PLC input signal port and output signal port
It is onboard analog input/output port of SIEMENS PLC.
Inside PLC, by the PID module for calling its included, to compare the desired temperature numerical value and PID that are arranged in PLC
The received temperature signal of controller (the i.e. infrared temperature signal) difference of numerical value and the change rate of this difference, so that it is determined that PLC
The size of output signal controls the power of intermediate frequency power supply, and then achievees the effect that control temperature.
Thermocouple temperature measurement calibration system includes thermocouple and Thermocouple Temperature Signal pick-up output device；Wherein, thermocouple
Signal transmitting output device connects the second input signal port port AIn2 of programmable logic controller PLC, by the port,
Temperature value measured by thermocouple temperature measuring apparatus can be shown in man-machine interface.The thermocouple is Wolfram rhenium heat electric couple,
Its temperature-measuring range is up to 2300 DEG C；The PLC input signal port is the onboard analog input port of SIEMENS PLC.
The method of metal bath temperature real-tune TT & C adjustment:
(1) T4=1600 DEG C of temperature value that setting expectation reaches in man-machine interface, intermediate frequency sense is controlled through PID controller
Answer power automatic heating temperature control after a certain period of time, the melt temperature in crucible reaches certain temperature, fills by infrared measurement of temperature
It sets and measures T1=1600 DEG C of melt temperature numerical value, at this point, the received temperature signal numerical value of PID controller is T3=1600 DEG C, this
When T1=T3=T4；
As previously mentioned, infrared measurement of temperature can only observing and controlling bath surface temperature data, long-time refine in the case where, it is infrared
Temperature measurer itself is made vulnerable to the pollution of steam in vaccum sensitive stove and dust and the influence of the dross amount variation of bath surface
At the deviation that temperature measures, the melt temperature inside temperature and crucible that infrared radiation thermometer is surveyed at this time has certain deviation, and
It cannot complete accurate observing and controlling.
(2) thermocouple is immersed in metal bath and measures melt temperature, thermocouple signal pick-up output device connects programmable
The port AIn2 of sequence logic controller PLC can be shown measured by thermocouple temperature measuring apparatus by the port in man-machine interface
Temperature value.Diagonal of the thermocouple along crucible longitudinal section moves, to measure crucible bottom side-walls T respectivelyB=
1606 DEG C, melt temperature T Tc=1567 DEG C at crucible center, at crucible upper portion side wallT=1585 DEG C, programmable logic control
Device PLC processed handles above-mentioned temperature, and obtaining that treated, thermocouple surveys T2=1581 DEG C of melt temperature.
(3) by T2=1581 DEG C of temperature value measured by thermocouple temperature measuring apparatus, the correspondence memory being stored in PLC
In, and the temperature value measured with infrared temperature measurement apparatus is subtracted each other, and obtains difference △ T=T2-T1, △ T=-19 DEG C, which is added
The received temperature signal of PID controller numerically, the value be passed to PID controller in, by PID controller control intermediate frequency power supply function
Rate control port carries out temperature adjustment, changes melt temperature, the received temperature signal of PID controller is made to be stabilized to T3+ △ T=
1581℃；
(4) it is repeated the above steps with the time interval of 2.5min, completes refining process, and in casting cycle to required temperature
Parameter is calibrated accordingly, completes entire fusion process.The temperature curve of entire fusion process is as shown in Figure 5.
The above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention in any way, it is all according to the present invention
Technical spirit any simple modification to the above embodiments, change and equivalent structural changes, still fall within skill of the present invention
In the protection scope of art scheme.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of metal bath temperature real-tune TT & C method of adjustment, which is characterized in that use metal bath temperature real-tune TT & C tune
Engagement positions, including the temperature automatically controlled subsystem of vaccum sensitive stove and thermocouple temperature measurement calibrate subsystem；
The temperature automatically controlled subsystem of the vaccum sensitive stove includes infrared temperature measurement apparatus, programmable logic controller PLC, intermediate frequency
Power control port, programmable logic controller PLC connection intermediate frequency power supply power control port, and according to the preset phase
Hope the heating power of temperature value control vaccum sensitive stove；Temperature of the infrared temperature measurement apparatus to melt in vaccum sensitive stove crucible
It is continuously measured, and the temperature signal of measurement is sent to programmable logic controller PLC；
The thermocouple temperature measurement calibration subsystem includes thermocouple, and the thermocouple is to melt in vaccum sensitive stove crucible
Temperature carries out discontinuous measurement, and the temperature signal of measurement is sent to programmable logic controller PLC；The programmable
Logic controller PLC is calibrated according to thermocouple measured temperature signal, is adjusted to the heating power of vaccum sensitive stove；
The thermocouple is angularly disposed, collinear with the diagonal line of crucible longitudinal section in vaccum sensitive stove, and thermocouple is located at vacuum sense
It answers being partly installed on positioning plate outside furnace and can be moved forward or back along the diagonal of crucible longitudinal section, the positioning plate
It is equipped with rectangle sliding slot, the thermocouple passes through sliding slot and can rotate in sliding slot, is set on thermocouple there are four locating piece, fixed
Position block length heating galvanic couple diameter is greater than the width of rectangle sliding slot, but is less than the length of rectangle sliding slot, and the first locating piece, which is located at, to be slided
When slot, pyrometer fire-end is located at outside crucible, and when the second locating piece is located at sliding slot, pyrometer fire-end is located at crucible upper portion side wall,
When third locating piece is located at sliding slot, pyrometer fire-end is located at crucible center, when the 4th locating piece is located at sliding slot, pyrometer fire-end
Positioned at crucible bottom side-walls；
It further include the man-machine interface for inputting operating parameter, the man-machine interface, and should to preset desired temperature value
Temperature value is sent to programmable logic controller PLC；
Temperature signal is sent to programmable by infrared temperature signal transmitting output device and patrolled by the infrared temperature measurement apparatus
The first input signal port of controller PLC is collected, the thermocouple is believed temperature by thermocouple signal pick-up output device
Number it is sent to the second input signal port of programmable logic controller PLC；
The programmable logic controller PLC calls its included PID module, to preset expectation temperature value with it is received
Temperature signal is compared, and determines the difference of numerical value and the change rate of difference, so that it is determined that the size of output signal, to medium frequency electric
The power in source is controlled, and achievees the effect that control temperature；
Include the following steps:
(1) the temperature value T4 that setting expectation reaches in man-machine interface, certainly through PID controller control medium frequency induction power supply power
After a certain period of time, the melt temperature in crucible reaches certain temperature to dynamic heating temperature control, measures melt temperature by infrared temperature measurement apparatus
Degree value T1, at this point, the received temperature signal numerical value of PID controller is T3, at this time T1=T3=T4；
(2) thermocouple is immersed in metal bath and measures melt temperature, thermocouple signal pick-up output device connects programmable and patrols
The the second input signal port for collecting controller PLC can show thermocouple temperature measuring apparatus institute by the port in man-machine interface
The temperature value T2 measured；
Specially in thermocouple measurement crucible at different location melt temperature, and take the average value of above-mentioned temperature as thermocouple
Temperature value T2 measured by temperature measuring equipment, diagonal of the thermocouple along crucible longitudinal section moves, to measure crucible respectively
T at bottom sidewallB, T at crucible centerc, melt temperature T at crucible upper portion side wallT, specially thermometric when rotary thermoelectric it is even, make
First locating piece is passed through and sliding slot and is moved on, and thermocouple advances, and when the second locating piece reaches sliding slot, rotary thermoelectric is even, by the
Two locating piece cards on the chute, at this time at pyrometer fire-end crucible upper portion side wall, and measure melt temperature at this, and measurement finishes rotation
Turn thermocouple, pass through the second locating piece and sliding slot and move on, when third locating piece reaches sliding slot, rotary thermoelectric is even, by the
Three locating piece cards on the chute, at this time at pyrometer fire-end crucible center, and measure melt temperature at this, and measurement finishes rotation heat
Galvanic couple makes third locating piece pass through sliding slot and moves on, and when the 4th locating piece reaches sliding slot, rotary thermoelectric is even, and the 4th is determined
On the chute, pyrometer fire-end crucible bottom side-walls at this time, and measure melt temperature at this, measurement finishes rotation heat to position block card
Galvanic couple makes the 4th locating piece pass through sliding slot and retreats, and backs to rotary thermoelectric idol when the first locating piece reaches sliding slot, first is determined
On the chute, thermocouple front end protrudes crucible to position block card,
Programmable logic controller PLC uses following formula:
Above-mentioned temperature is handled, obtaining that treated, thermocouple surveys melt temperature T2；
(3) by temperature value T2 measured by thermocouple temperature measuring apparatus, be stored in the correspondence memory in PLC, and with infrared survey
The temperature value that warm device measures is subtracted each other, and difference △ T=T2-T1 is obtained, which is added in the received temperature signal of PID controller
Numerically, which is passed in PID controller, carries out temperature adjustment by PID controller control intermediate frequency power supply power control port, makes
Melt temperature variation, makes the received temperature signal of PID controller be stabilized to T3+ △ T；
(4) (the 2)-step that repeats the above steps at a certain time interval (3), is adjusted melt temperature.
2. a kind of metal bath temperature real-tune TT & C method of adjustment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to compile
Program logic controller PLC is communicated with man-machine interface by Industrial Ethernet interface.
3. metal bath temperature real-tune TT & C method of adjustment according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the thermoelectricity
Even is Wolfram rhenium heat electric couple.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the certain time interval are 3- in step (4)
10min。
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| CN111204042A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2020-05-29 | 三纬国际立体列印科技股份有限公司 | 3D printing device with infrared temperature detector correction structure |
| CN109828083A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-05-31 | 国联汽车动力电池研究院有限责任公司 | High-temperature molten salt physicochemical properties test macro |
| CN113340446B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-06-17 | 江西理工大学 | Real-time temperature measurement method and system for vacuum horizontal continuous casting smelting furnace |
| CN115111929B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-01-10 | 拉普拉斯(无锡)半导体科技有限公司 | Indirect temperature control method for high-temperature silicon wafer |
| CN117311170B (en) * | 2023-11-29 | 2024-02-06 | 江苏美特林科特殊合金股份有限公司 | Multi-parameter adjusting method and system for self-adaptively controlled nickel-niobium alloy smelting equipment |
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