CN108414183A - A kind of bullet train wind-tunnel testing standard model roadbed - Google Patents
A kind of bullet train wind-tunnel testing standard model roadbed Download PDFInfo
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- CN108414183A CN108414183A CN201810185800.3A CN201810185800A CN108414183A CN 108414183 A CN108414183 A CN 108414183A CN 201810185800 A CN201810185800 A CN 201810185800A CN 108414183 A CN108414183 A CN 108414183A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 230000005477 standard model Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009916 joint effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009711 regulatory function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/02—Wind tunnels
- G01M9/04—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/08—Railway vehicles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
- G01M9/062—Wind tunnel balances; Holding devices combined with measuring arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/08—Aerodynamic models
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of bullet train wind-tunnel testing standard model roadbed, it is characterised in that：Including model roadbed front and back end and model roadbed middle section and track, model roadbed is made by aluminum alloy materials, inside uses cylindrical type honeycomb cavity structure, three parts correspond to head vehicle among model roadbed front and back end and model roadbed, trailer, the installation site of intermediate vehicle is respectively set there are three balance seat board, balance support leg upper part is machined with screw thread with a scale below balance seat board, balance support leg top passes through balance seat board and is fixed with nut, the front end angle of internal friction of model roadbed is 9.5 ° 11.5 °, side chamfer design is R30mm -40mm, the track front end angle of internal friction installed on model roadbed is 18.5 ° 22.5 °, the adjustable track gauge mechanism being connect with track is designed on model roadbed.This invention ensures that test accuracy；The level of model can be adjusted, to the accurate adjusting of implementation model, test accuracy is further improved while using manpower and material resources sparingly, is tested to meet wind tunnel test under the conditions of different gauges.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bullet train wind-tunnel test model roadbeds, belong to the high ferro technical field in rail traffic.
More particularly to a kind of model road structure applied to the experiment of bullet train wind-tunnel.
Background technology
The aerodynamics problem of High-speed Train, the research means mainly used at present have model wind tunnel test, move
Model test, numerical simulation calculation and real vehicle line test.Wherein, wind tunnel test is High-speed Train aerodynamics problem
Main means.It provides verification foundation for numerical simulation calculation, also because of research that is easily controllable, can realizing more multi-state
And it is more more convenient than real vehicle line test and moving model experiment and effective, thus have in terms of the design of bullet train and remodeling
Irreplaceable role.
But there is huge challenges for wind tunnel test, because wind tunnel test is to test bullet train in tunnel simulation
The train aerodynamics performance in actual motion.Other than wind tunnel test technology itself requires, also to model in wind tunnel sheet
Body proposes very high requirement.Whether previous test shows the appearance and size of model roadbed, balance mounting means and can
It is indeformable very big on the influence of wind tunnel test result in permanent experiment.In addition, with the strategy that national high ferro is walked out, and it is extra large
The gauge of outer various countries' railway is different, other than 1435 millimeters of gauges are international standard gauge, also 1520 millis
Meter or more broad gauge, the narrow gauge of 1067 millimeters of gauges below.As China will export to Russian bullet train gauge requirement
It is 1524 millimeters, therefore for the different rail square in various countries, needs a kind of model in wind tunnel not only meeting domestic rule test
Roadbed can also meet the model in wind tunnel roadbed of outlet testing requirement.
The ununified standard of domestic bullet train wind-tunnel test model roadbed before, every time at the trial it is main according to
Past experience is come the roadbed that designs a model, and foundation engineer experiences such as roadbed front end inclination angle, side chamfering, global shape are even
The design of aesthetic hobby, consequence caused in this way is exactly that wind tunnel test precision cannot be guaranteed, especially with real vehicle operating condition
Error is larger when comparing, and wind tunnel experiment standard of comparison is inconsistent every time, can not be tested the ratio under same benchmark twice
Compared with.It is produced and is processed for wood in addition, the making material of model roadbed is mainly used, when elongating experimental period, Dai Muhui
It deforms, therefore is each used only once for wooden mold roadbed, input is caused to waste.In addition, being arranged during wind tunnel test
Vehicle model is directly placed on day flat bearing, and when test needs that balance is adjusted, and cannot achieve accurate adjusting in the past, wind
Hole experiment is scaled down model, and model error and actual error can be increased with being contracted with model than ratio, and wind tunnel test
Model quality is larger, and when adjusting needs overhead traveling crane to coordinate, and can expend a large amount of manpower and time.In addition as Chinese high ferro becomes state
Family's business card, country accelerate high ferro and walk out paces, and every country gauge is not consistent, and previous wind-tunnel roadbed gauge is main
It is designed for Chinese Industrial Standards (CIS) gauge, does not have gauge regulatory function, so if China's high ferro Russia etc. to be exported
It needs to redesign road structure again when national.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of wind tunnel test master pattern roadbeds, to reduce test error, to day flat bearing
It carries out precisely adjusting and can meeting domestic and outlet testing requirement.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides a kind of bullet train wind-tunnel testing standard model roadbed, and feature exists
In：Including model roadbed front and back end and model roadbed middle section and track, model roadbed is made by aluminum alloy materials, internal
Using cylindrical type honeycomb cavity structure, among model roadbed front and back end and model roadbed three parts correspond to head vehicle, trailer, in
Between the installation site of vehicle be respectively set there are three balance seat board, balance support leg upper part is machined with band below balance seat board
The screw thread of scale, balance support leg top pass through and balance seat board and are fixed with nut, and the front end angle of internal friction of model roadbed is 9.5 °-
11.5 °, side chamfer design is R30mm-40mm, and the track front end angle of internal friction installed on model roadbed is 18.5 ° -22.5 °, mould
The adjustable track gauge mechanism being connect with track is designed on type roadbed.
The front end angle of internal friction of the model roadbed is 10.5 °, and side chamfer design is R35mm, is installed on model roadbed
Track front end angle of internal friction be 20.5 °.
The adjustable track gauge mechanism is that U bolt hole or slotted hole are provided on model roadbed.
The balance support leg is connected with track notch, for reducing the influence of balance support leg stream field.
The front end ramp angles of model roadbed of the present invention are 9.5 ° -11.5 °, when for carrying out wind in front of roadbed, the angle energy
Enough generation for reducing flow separation and whirlpool to greatest extent, hereby it is ensured that test accuracy；Side chamfer design is R30mm-40mm,
When carrying out wind for side, model trains leeward side will produce two big whirlpools, which can avoid damage to the two big whirlpools, to
It ensure that true flow field structure when experiment；The front side rake angle of track be 18.5 ° -22.5 °, the angle reduce to greatest extent due to
The generation of flow separation and whirlpool under the cross sectional shape and roadbed front end water conservancy diversion joint effect of track itself, hereby it is ensured that experiment
Precision；Adjustable day flat bearing is mounted on model roadbed, therefore at the trial if it find that model is not on a horizontal plane, can
To adjust the level of model, to the accurate adjusting of implementation model, experiment is further improved while using manpower and material resources sparingly
Precision.Model roadbed is made by aluminum alloy materials, and inside uses cylindrical type honeycomb cavity structure, and it is enough both to have ensure that model had
Rigidity, and make the quality of model in controlled range, ensure that model roadbed model can be repeatedly used for a long；By on roadbed
Slotted hole realizes the flexible modulation of gauge, is tested to meet wind tunnel test under the conditions of different gauges.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of one embodiment of the present of invention；
Fig. 2 is roadbed docking facilities schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of model roadbed front end；
Fig. 4 is model roadbed side schematic view；
Fig. 5 is model roadbed track schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is variable track structural scheme of mechanism；
Fig. 7 is that model roadbed connect adjustable day flat bearing schematic diagram with car body model；
Fig. 8 is model roadbed cylindrical honeycomb cavity schematic diagram；
Fig. 9 is the present invention and train block mold scheme of installation.
Specific implementation mode
Core of the invention is to provide a kind of bullet train wind-tunnel Experiment Road based structures, to improve the experiment of bullet train wind-tunnel
Measuring accuracy.
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention program, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with embodiment to this hair
It is bright to be described in further detail.
With reference to figure 1- Fig. 5, for a case study on implementation of the invention, roadbed whole height is 85mm, and entire length is
14500mm, for convenience transport and installation, is divided into three parts by roadbed, and when experiment assembles three section roadbeds in wind-tunnel so that
The transport of model roadbed and installation are very convenient.1 angle of internal friction of model roadbed front end is 9.5 ° -11.5 °, most preferably 10.5 °, should
Angle is obtained by largely testing with test optimization.When carrying out wind in front of model roadbed, it is somebody's turn to do when 1 design angle of roadbed front end is more than
When angular range, since roadbed front end guide functions make Incoming gas accelerate, to impulsive model train bottom and nose portion
Point, it has no longer been true wind speed to test wind speed at this time, and test result is caused to have deviation, and flowing point can be caused when angle is excessive
From the generation with whirlpool, inaccurate test result is even obtained at this time.When 1 design angle of roadbed front end is less than the angular range
When, then roadbed front end elongation will increase, and when fluid flows through the surface of solids, boundary layer can be generated in the surface of solids, wherein
Viscous force occurs in the fluid layer close to the surface of solids, when boundary layer advances remote enough relative to unfavorable barometric gradient,
Can occur flow separation, flow separation the result is that a negative relative area is formed in front of train, to experimental test knot
Fruit generates deviation.And best angle of internal friction is 10.5 ° in case study on implementation of the present invention, reduces the production of both the above phenomenon to greatest extent
It is raw, hereby it is ensured that test accuracy.
2 chamfer design of model roadbed side is R30mm-40mm, and roadbed angle of internal friction is 30 ° in the present embodiment, train crosswind
When wind tunnel test, two large scale eddy groups can be formed in train and roadbed leeward side.The two large scale eddies group generates to be normal,
It should not destroy.If 2 chamfering of roadbed side is less than the range size, two whirlpool groups can be destroyed, to influence experiment knot
Fruit；If it is greater than the chamfering, then windward side roadbed water conservancy diversion acceleration influences test result.Optimal case study on implementation side of the invention chamfering
2 are designed as R35mm, which can ensure that model roadbed stream field itself influences minimum when crosswind, to ensure that high crosswind
When wind tunnel test precision.
Track 3 is mounted on 1 upper surface of model roadbed, cross sectional shape and the actual track cross sectional shape of track 3 by bolt
Identical, most preferably 18.5 ° -22.5 ° of the angle of internal friction of track 3, the angle takes again by a large amount of experiment with test optimization
, the top rake of track 3 is about twice of roadbed top rake.3 forefront of track is partially installed on roadbed inclination angle rearmost part
Point, therefore orbit inclination angle can regard the extension at roadbed inclination angle as；So if the top rake of track is less than or equal to roadbed
Inclination angle can cause the previously described flow separation of the present invention such as to generate, therefore the inclination angle has to be larger than roadbed front side rake angle；And angle
It spends greatly, since the cross sectional shape of of track itself belongs to blunt form, excessive angle can form flow-disturbing, lead to the production of whirlpool group
It is raw, to influence test result.Trade shape influences unavoidably test result, but its entire effect is less than the shadow of roadbed
It rings, a case study on implementation roadbed angle of internal friction of the invention is chosen for 20.5 °, tests and calculation shows that the angle integrates test result
It influences to be less than 0.5%.
With reference to figure 6, track installation can realize that gauge is adjusted in model roadbed U-shaped hole 10, by the U-shaped hole 10, this sets
Meter ensure that gauge can be adjusted according to practical gauge equal proportion, bullet train under the gauge to meet world's country variant standard
Wind tunnel test testing requirement.
With reference to figure 1, Fig. 7,4 show whole adjustable day flat bearing schematic diagram in Fig. 1.Whole adjustable day flat bearing is by nut
7, balance seat board 8, balance support leg 9 are constituted, and balance support leg upper part is machined with screw thread with a scale, on balance support leg
Portion passes through balance seat board, and is respectively fixed with a nut in the upper and lower surface of balance seat board.When wind tunnel test, force balance is placed
On balance seat board 8, then model is placed on force balance, by the bolt mounting holes on balance seat board 8 by model with
Balance abutting joint, therefore by adjusting balance seat board that can adjust the horizontal position of test model.The nut 7 of its flat bearing can be with
Directly adjust, and be accurate to millimetre-sized scale on balance support leg at screw thread, if therefore in experiment model not one
On a horizontal plane, the level of model can be adjusted by adjusting nut 7, without adjusting mould by overhead traveling crane and a large amount of manpower
Type, more need not using pad tagger etc. in the past frequently with measure adjust model level.To further decrease a day flat bearing
The influence of leg stream field will cut off segment track, by 9 Position Design of balance support leg in track indentation, there, cleverly by balance
The influence of support leg stream field is reduced to minimum.
With reference to figure 1, Fig. 8, designed using cylindrical type honeycomb cavity structure 5 inside roadbed overall structure, aluminum honeycomb cavity 5 is straight
Diameter is 110mm, is highly 60mm, is placed in inside whole roadbed, while ensureing that roadbed has enough rigidity, reduces entirety
Quality.It is computed, the quality of entire roadbed is only 87kg, is 2/3 using generation wood processing；Part can bear the people of a 75kg
The impact of 5g acceleration and it is indeformable, under this support construction, roadbed can place Reusability and indeformable for a long time.
With reference to figure 9, when wind tunnel test, force balance is positioned on roadbed installation day flat bearing 4, by bullet train head
Vehicle, intermediate vehicle, trailer are respectively placed on its corresponding force balance.High speed winds can blow to experiment mould from front and side
Type can test out bullet train resistance, lift, lateral force and torque etc. by force balance, while by car body surface
Arrange pressure tap, it can be with test carriage body surface pressure distribution.
Table 1 finds that train is each by train line measured data and model roadbed Train wind tunnel test of the present invention comparison
Aerodynamic parameter wind tunnel test data and real steering vectors data are almost the same, under the conditions of the model roadbed：Wherein hinder
Force coefficient wind tunnel test and real steering vectors error are only 1.1%, and lift coefficient wind tunnel test is 3.6% with real steering vectors error,
Lateral force coefficient wind tunnel test is 2.7% with real steering vectors error；Show the model roadbed wind tunnel test result and real vehicle of the pattern
Test result is coincide very well, can be used for replacing circuit real steering vectors substantially, and can be used as assessment bullet train traction braking
The foundation of calculating.
Table 1:Test data analyzer
| Performance parameter | Resistance coefficient | Lift coefficient | Lateral force coefficient |
| Real vehicle line test | 0.89 | 0.83 | 1.12 |
| It is tested under model roadbed of the present invention | 0.88 | 0.86 | 1.09 |
| Wind tunnel test and real steering vectors error | 1.1% | 3.6% | 2.7% |
Claims (4)
1. a kind of bullet train wind-tunnel testing standard model roadbed, it is characterised in that：Including model roadbed front and back end and model road
Base middle section and track, model roadbed are made by aluminum alloy materials, and inside uses cylindrical type honeycomb cavity structure, model road
Among base front and back end and model roadbed three parts correspond to head vehicle, trailer, intermediate vehicle installation site be respectively set there are three
Balance seat board, balance support leg upper part is machined with screw thread with a scale below balance seat board, and balance support leg top is worn
It crosses balance seat board and is fixed with nut, the front end angle of internal friction of model roadbed is 9.5 ° -11.5 °, and side chamfer design is R30mm -
40mm, the track front end angle of internal friction installed on model roadbed are 18.5 ° -22.5 °, are designed on model roadbed and connect use with track
Adjustable track gauge mechanism.
2. a kind of bullet train wind-tunnel testing standard model roadbed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The mould
The front end angle of internal friction of type roadbed is 10.5 °, and side chamfer design is R35mm, the track front end angle of internal friction installed on model roadbed
It is 20.5 °.
3. a kind of bullet train wind-tunnel testing standard model roadbed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described can
It is that U bolt hole or slotted hole are provided on model roadbed to adjust gauge mechanism.
4. a kind of bullet train wind-tunnel testing standard model roadbed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The day
Flat bearing leg is connected with track notch, for reducing the influence of balance support leg stream field.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810185800.3A CN108414183A (en) | 2018-03-07 | 2018-03-07 | A kind of bullet train wind-tunnel testing standard model roadbed |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810185800.3A CN108414183A (en) | 2018-03-07 | 2018-03-07 | A kind of bullet train wind-tunnel testing standard model roadbed |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108414183A true CN108414183A (en) | 2018-08-17 |
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ID=63130263
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| CN201810185800.3A Pending CN108414183A (en) | 2018-03-07 | 2018-03-07 | A kind of bullet train wind-tunnel testing standard model roadbed |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112229655A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-15 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Rail train debugging layout and rail train dynamic debugging process |
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2018
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