CN106381831A - Method for determining aeration facility vent hole sectional area - Google Patents
Method for determining aeration facility vent hole sectional area Download PDFInfo
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- CN106381831A CN106381831A CN201610802362.1A CN201610802362A CN106381831A CN 106381831 A CN106381831 A CN 106381831A CN 201610802362 A CN201610802362 A CN 201610802362A CN 106381831 A CN106381831 A CN 106381831A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
- E02B1/02—Hydraulic models
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining the aeration facility vent hole sectional area, and belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower projects. The problem that in the project with a practical project site located in a plateau region, a hydraulic model test carried out on site is large in difficulty, high in cost and the like and the problem that aeration facility vent hole sectional area data obtained through a hydraulic model test carried out in a low-altitude inland region cannot be directly used for a project in a plateau region in the prior art are solved. According to the method, a test site and a practical project site can be separated, the hydraulic model test does not need to be carried out in the practical project site, accordingly, the test site can be arranged in the region with relatively good conditions, the hydraulic model test can be carried out more conveniently, and meanwhile the test difficulty and cost are lowered; and particularly, the data obtained through the hydraulic model test is used for the practical project site after being adjusted through corresponding adjusting coefficients.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering technical field, more particularly, to a kind of determination air entraining facilities passage cross-sectional area
Method.
Background technology
In Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering, the flood building that overflows release current when often due to flow velocity is higher, easily produce cavitation corrosion and break
Bad, it usually needs setting corrosion inhibitor measure.At present, conventional corrosion inhibitor measure in engineering has：Optimize spillway build, made as far as possible
The build streaming in flow table face, it is to avoid current occur segregation phenomenon with solid boundaries；Made using the higher material of anti-cavitation corrosion intensity
For wetted surfaces material；The strict irregularity degree controlling wetted surfaces；By arranging aeration structure on spillway, take aeration
Corrosion inhibitor technology.Wherein, air mixing corrosion reducing technology is usually to arrange air entraining facilities on spillway, for example, arrange aerator structure, with
Promote current aeration, prevent or reduce over-speed test and produce serious cavitation corrosion.This setting air entraining facilities on building
Method, be widely used air mixing corrosion reducing technology in water conservancy project, this is also the effective corrosion inhibitor measure the most often taken in Practical Project.
In the design process of air entraining facilities and mostly important with the passage cross-sectional area parameter of air entraining facilities, it is straight
Connect the air velocity having influence on air entrainment and aeration.At present, summed up by substantial amounts of engineering practice, typically in flow rate of water flow
More than 30m/s, or cavitation corrosion index<When 0.3, reference《Hydraulic structure resistant abrasion cavitation prevention concrete technology specification》(DL/
T5207, in), its suggestion arranges air entraining facilities to reduce or remit cavitation erosion.But because air mixing corrosion reducing mechanism itself is more complicated, because
This theoretical research for relevant issues such as air entrainments at present is less and the achievement in research of structural style of air entraining facilities etc.
Less；And the passage cross-sectional area for air entraining facilities not yet has a set of ripe effectively theoretical method can be calculated.
The method generally adopting in prior art be by Practical Project place or near carry out hydraulic model test, that is, to excessive flood
Road and its air entraining facilities are simulated test；It is analyzed then in conjunction with test, finally determine and meeting the reality of code requirement
Border passage cross-sectional area；In general, according to current《Design of spillway specification》(DL/T5166) related request is to meet
Maximum air velocity≤60m/s corresponding to the ventilation in the hole of air entraining facilities.
As can be seen here, require in prior art hydraulic model test arranges the job site in Practical Project place, with
The data testing acquisition is directly used in corresponding Practical Project effectively.Generally, for Practical Project place
Positioned at China's height above sea level relatively low interior ground region when, because geographical position relatively conveniently carries out hydraulic model test, because
This is all utilized in Practical Project place scene essentially for such place and carries out hydraulic model test, with by test directly
Determine actually required passage cross-sectional area.But be as in recent years in China ground power station complete close to exploitation,
The place of exploitation progressively extends to Tibet Deng Gao original area, and the interior ground due to the geographical position relatively low altitude area of highlandss
For area, its condition is poor, if carrying out hydraulic model test in the job site of highlandss by force, test difficulty is relatively
Greatly, and experimentation cost is higher.Further, since in highlandss, its height above sea level is higher, and rarefaction of air, very cold, at this
In the environment of sample there is larger difference in the interior ground area of the operation characteristic of building and low altitude area, therefore nor directly will be low
The test datas such as the passage cross-sectional area that the hydraulic model test that the interior ground area of height above sea level is carried out is obtained directly use
The highlandss stated.
Content of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that being：Practical Project place is located to the engineering of highlandss, carries out at the scene
The difficulty of hydraulic model test is big, the problems such as high cost, and cannot directly will be regional on the interior ground of low altitude area in prior art
The passage cross-sectional area data that the hydraulic model test carrying out is obtained is directly used in the problem in the engineering of highlandss.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：A kind of determination air entraining facilities passage cross-sectional area
Method, comprise the steps：
A, acquisition need to be provided with the absolute elevation H corresponding to Practical Project place of the flood discharge building of air entraining facilities1(m)
With temperature on average T during flood discharge for this place1(℃)；
B, hydraulic model test：Including：
B1, determine the test site of hydraulic model test, and obtain the absolute elevation H corresponding to this test site2(m) and
Carry out the temperature on average T during hydraulic model test2(℃)；
B2, set up and carry out hydraulic model test, obtain the test ventilation meeting code requirement by hydraulic model test
Pore cross section area A0；
C, according to equation below, calculate actual passage cross-sectional area A1,
A1=A0×CT×CH；Wherein, CTFor temperature adjustment coefficient, CHFor elevation regulation coefficient, and have：
CT=[(T2+273.15)/(T1+273.15)]4.25588；
CH=[(288.15-0.0065 × H2)/(288.15-0.0065×H1)]4.25588.
It is further：In step B2, described code requirement is：The corresponding gas of ventilation in the hole in hydraulic model test
Flow velocity degree V0≤60m/s.
It is further：Described Practical Project place and described test site are non-Same Site.
It is further：Absolute elevation H corresponding to described Practical Project place1More than the height above sea level corresponding to test site
Elevation H2.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：Present invention achieves test site is separated so that water with Practical Project place
Work model test need not carry out at Practical Project place scene, therefore test site can be arranged on condition relatively good
Area, so can be more convenient for carrying out hydraulic model test, reduce test difficulty and cost simultaneously.The present invention passes through to measure reality respectively
After the absolute elevation of engineering ground and test site and two parameters of average temperature of the whole year, using above-mentioned two parameter, can be in examination
Test the test passage cross-sectional area A of the hydraulic model test gained that place is carried out0It is properly calculated after adjustment using arriving
In corresponding Practical Project place；So it is achieved that and can carry out hydraulic model test in the relatively low interior ground area of height above sea level,
Test data can be used for Practical Project place in the poor area of the conditions such as plateau simultaneously.
Brief description
Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 is respectively the structural representation of the air entraining facilities of three kinds of concrete structures；
In figure is labeled as：Passage 1, aerator 2, aeration mouth 3, test passage cross-sectional area A0, actual passage break
Face area A1.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
A kind of method determining air entraining facilities passage cross-sectional area of the present invention, comprises the steps：
A, acquisition need to be provided with the absolute elevation H corresponding to Practical Project place of the flood discharge building of air entraining facilities1(m)
With temperature on average T during flood discharge for this place1(℃)；
B, hydraulic model test：Including：
B1, determine the test site of hydraulic model test, and obtain the absolute elevation H corresponding to this test site2(m) and
Carry out the temperature on average T during hydraulic model test2(℃)；
B2, set up and carry out hydraulic model test, obtain the test ventilation meeting code requirement by hydraulic model test
Hole 1 cross-sectional area A0；
C, according to equation below, calculate actual passage 1 cross-sectional area A1,
A1=A0×CT×CH；Wherein, CTFor temperature adjustment coefficient, CHFor elevation regulation coefficient, and have：
CT=[(T2+273.15)/(T1+273.15)]4.25588；
CH=[(288.15-0.0065 × H2)/(288.15-0.0065×H1)]4.25588.
Practical Project place wherein described above refers to the field corresponding to engineering project needing to arrange air entraining facilities
Ground, and test site is then the place for carrying out hydraulic model test offer；In the prior art it is desirable to by hydraulic model test
Be arranged on Practical Project place to carry out, that is, require by test site arrange Practical Project place scene or near.And
In the present invention, do not have this requirement, both Practical Project place and test site can be non-Same Site.And it is theoretical
On, the test site in the present invention can not be subject to any impact in Practical Project place and independent carry out addressing.So, for
Some Practical Project places in the water project of the highlandss such as Tibet it needs to be determined that during passage cross-sectional area so that it may
So that test site to be arranged on the relatively low interior ground region of China's height above sea level；For example at east China plains region setting test site
Ground, and carry out hydraulic model test；Then it is applicable on plateau by after being adjusted to corresponding test the data obtained
In the practical engineering project in area.
In addition, the hydraulic model test in above-mentioned steps B2, itself it is at present in one of Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering
Routine test, hydraulic model test can be identical with existing hydraulic model test in the present invention, can adopt existing completely
The test method of technology and test procedure.For example specifically can refer to《Design of spillway specification》(DL/T5166) content in is carried out
Test.In addition, for the test passage cross-sectional area A being directly obtained by hydraulic model test0, only show in test site
Geographical position under the conditions of, meet related specifications require required for setting passage cross-sectional area A0；And for Practical Project
The actual passage cross-sectional area A of setting required for place1Then need in A0On the basis of carry out suitable adjustment after could obtain
Arrive.
And in order to realize testing gained A0Data is applied to Practical Project place, and inventor combines practical work experience,
Think that the factors such as the main absolute elevation with projects of determination and the temperature of passage cross-sectional area are closely related；Therefore invent
People is using depth displacement and temperature difference as will test gained A0It is adjusted to the A needed for Practical Project1Two big adjustment factors；And for
Specific adjustment formula, inventor is close according to the aerodynamic gas under the air viscous influence condition ignoring different elevations
Degree formula：ρ1=ρ0[(288.15-0.0065×H)/288.15]4.25588, wherein H is absolute elevation；ρ1It is in poster elevation H
The atmospheric density at place；ρ0It is the atmospheric density at zero for height above sea level；C is obtained further by above-mentioned formulaT- temperature adjustment coefficient and
CHThe specific formula for calculation of-elevation regulation coefficient, wherein：CT=[(T2+273.15)/(T1+273.15)]4.25588；CH=
[(288.15-0.0065×H2)/(288.15-0.0065×H1)]4.25588.Finally, according still further to formula A1=A0×CT×CHRight
The test passage cross-sectional area A being directly obtained by hydraulic model test0Data is adjusted, and can make the data after adjustment
Actual passage cross-sectional area A needed for Practical Project place1.
Furthermore, it is contemplated that the temperature of temperature in Practical Project place and test site, may fluctuation in 1 year
Larger, therefore to temperature T1 and T2 value, preferably temperature on average T during flood discharge for the treating excess syndrome border engineering ground1(DEG C) and
Test site is taken to carry out the temperature on average T during hydraulic model test2(℃).Certainly, said temperature T1, T2 are obtained
Take, can be obtained by consulting local thermographic data over the years or by the metering system of reality.
In addition, for step B2 in the present invention, described code requirement can be the requirement of practical engineering project or its
The requirement of its some authority file；For example exist《Design of spillway specification》(DL/T5166) specific requirement in is：Hydraulic model
Corresponding air velocity V of ventilation in the hole in test0≤60m/s.
In general, when Practical Project place itself is height above sea level lower ground area or itself be exactly a locality condition
During relatively good area, engineering still preferably carries out hydraulic model test at Practical Project place scene, is achieved in that
Data can be directly used in Practical Project, and test data also more tallies with the actual situation.Present invention is only intended for it is real
Border construction site local environment is poor, is not easy to carry out at the scene in Practical Project place especially for highlandss etc. are such
The method adopting in the case of hydraulic model test；Therefore, in general it is absolute elevation corresponding in Practical Project place
H1More than the absolute elevation H corresponding to test site2In the case of preferably employ method of the present invention；Or it is directed to China
For universal features of terrain, when implementing water conservancy project project in high altitude localitiess such as Tibet, preferably adopt of the present invention
Method.
In addition, it is necessary to it is noted that the concrete structure of heretofore described air entraining facilities does not have any restriction.Also
It is when carrying out hydraulic model test, the concrete structure of its corresponding air entraining facilities can have various ways, specifically with actual
Depending on engineering project.For example, referring to accompanying drawing 1 to the air entraining facilities shown in accompanying drawing 3, being three kinds of different aerator structures, it is every
Individual air entraining facilities is required to arrange corresponding passage 1 and aerator 2 structure, when current flow through aerator 2, negative by being formed
Press, and then air is incorporated into current from the aeration mouth 3 of passage 1 and realize aeration purpose.The present invention is only for how
Determine a kind of method that the size of passage 1 cross-sectional area proposes, be therefore theoretically used in the air entraining facilities of various structures.
If in addition, it may also be noted that when the cross-sectional area of passage 1 is the situation of change in itself, being intended to the ventilation of realistic border
Should be not less than by passage determined by the inventive method 1 cross-sectional area size, so just at cross-sectional area minimum in hole 1
Can guarantee that the maximum air velocity in whole passage 1 meets related request.
The detailed process of the method for the invention below with certain engineering as example, is expanded on further：
In high altitude localitiess, its absolute elevation is about 2780m in certain engineering practice of construction place, and during its actual flood discharge
Mean temperature be 10 DEG C；Now the place of testing of hydraulic model test is arranged on the interior of low altitude area, the sea of concrete test site
Lift Cheng Yuewei 500m, and the actual temperature on average carrying out during hydraulic model test is 20 DEG C.It is assumed that passing through hydraulic model
Test determine reach code requirement test passage cross-sectional area be A0=1m2；Then pass through to substitute into accordingly above-mentioned parameter
Formula obtains after calculating, temperature adjustment coefficient CT=1.1592；Elevation regulation coefficient CH=1.2553.Finally, determine A1=A0
×CT×CH=1.455m2；Passage cross-sectional area corresponding to i.e. in practice of construction place needs to be set to 1.455m2.
Finally it is pointed out that the method for the invention is accurate theoretical method, can be by this in Practical Project
Invention methods described determines the passage cross-sectional area of reality；Meanwhile, in Practical Project, can be to corresponding data or ginseng
Number etc. carries out suitable rounding up or small choice.For example, the A of final determination in the examples described above1Actual passage
Cross-sectional area can use 1.5m2As project construction foundation.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of determine air entraining facilities passage cross-sectional area method it is characterised in that：Comprise the steps：
A, acquisition need to be provided with the absolute elevation H corresponding to Practical Project place of the flood discharge building of air entraining facilities1(m) and should
Temperature on average T during flood discharge for the place1(℃)；
B, hydraulic model test：Including：
B1, determine the test site of hydraulic model test, and obtain the absolute elevation H corresponding to this test site2(m) and carry out
Temperature on average T during hydraulic model test2(℃)；
B2, set up and carry out hydraulic model test, obtain the test passage (1) meeting code requirement by hydraulic model test
Cross-sectional area A0；
C, according to equation below, calculate actual passage (1) cross-sectional area A1,
A1=A0×CT×CH；Wherein, CTFor temperature adjustment coefficient, CHFor elevation regulation coefficient, and have：
CT=[(T2+273.15)/(T1+273.15)]4.25588；
CH=[(288.15-0.0065 × H2)/(288.15-0.0065×H1)]4.25588.
2. as claimed in claim 1 determine air entraining facilities passage cross-sectional area method it is characterised in that：In step B2
In, described code requirement is：Corresponding air velocity V in passage (1) in hydraulic model test0≤60m/s.
3. as claimed in claim 1 or 2 determine air entraining facilities passage cross-sectional area method it is characterised in that：Described reality
Border engineering ground and described test site are non-Same Site.
4. as claimed in claim 3 determine air entraining facilities passage cross-sectional area method it is characterised in that：Described actual work
Absolute elevation H corresponding to journey place1More than the absolute elevation H corresponding to test site2.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610802362.1A CN106381831B (en) | 2016-09-05 | 2016-09-05 | A kind of method of determining air entraining facilities venthole cross-sectional area |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610802362.1A CN106381831B (en) | 2016-09-05 | 2016-09-05 | A kind of method of determining air entraining facilities venthole cross-sectional area |
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| CN106381831A true CN106381831A (en) | 2017-02-08 |
| CN106381831B CN106381831B (en) | 2018-08-24 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108385603A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-08-10 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Aerated flow slit-type energy dissipation hydraulic model test device and method |
| CN114357586A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-15 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for calculating sectional area of lower flat section exhaust channel of tunnel plug flood discharge tunnel |
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| TW585952B (en) * | 2002-07-02 | 2004-05-01 | Jin-Sung Lai | A sand-adding device and its operation method for hydraulic mobile-bed model test |
| CN102966082A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-03-13 | 中国水电顾问集团西北勘测设计研究院 | Aeration facility with downward-bent base slab |
| CN104141291A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2014-11-12 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Toothed groove type upturned aerator |
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2016
- 2016-09-05 CN CN201610802362.1A patent/CN106381831B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW585952B (en) * | 2002-07-02 | 2004-05-01 | Jin-Sung Lai | A sand-adding device and its operation method for hydraulic mobile-bed model test |
| CN102966082A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-03-13 | 中国水电顾问集团西北勘测设计研究院 | Aeration facility with downward-bent base slab |
| CN104141291A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2014-11-12 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Toothed groove type upturned aerator |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108385603A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-08-10 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Aerated flow slit-type energy dissipation hydraulic model test device and method |
| CN108385603B (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2024-01-19 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Hydraulic model test device and method for aerated water flow narrow slit energy dissipater |
| CN114357586A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-15 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for calculating sectional area of lower flat section exhaust channel of tunnel plug flood discharge tunnel |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN106381831B (en) | 2018-08-24 |
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