CN108414095B - A kind of number of photons resolved measurement device and method - Google Patents
A kind of number of photons resolved measurement device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108414095B CN108414095B CN201810084995.2A CN201810084995A CN108414095B CN 108414095 B CN108414095 B CN 108414095B CN 201810084995 A CN201810084995 A CN 201810084995A CN 108414095 B CN108414095 B CN 108414095B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005622 photoelectricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J11/00—Measuring the characteristics of individual optical pulses or of optical pulse trains
Abstract
A kind of number of photons resolved measurement device and method, is related to quantum information field.In order to solve the problems, such as that existing number of photons resolution techniques operating temperature is low.Signal light to be detected is divided into reflection, two beam signal lights of transmission using Amici prism by the present invention, is acquired reflection signal light using PIN photoelectric detector and is changed to electric signal and sends supreme fast oscillograph；Transmission signal is optically coupled in more pixel photon counters using multimode fibre, more pixel photon counters receive photon output electric pulse signal into high-speed oscilloscope according to its pixel；The electric impulse signal of the more pixel photon counter outputs of high-speed oscilloscope；Then electric pulse waveform is screened；The voltage value corresponding when 5ns after trigger signal arrival of each electric pulse waveform after screening is recorded as electrical pulse height h1, draw electrical pulse height histogram；Take the average value h of abscissa corresponding to adjacent two peak in electrical pulse height histogram2, number of photons is corresponding h1Divided by h2Rounding result.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to quantum information field more particularly to number of photons resolved measurements.
Background technique
Number of photons resolved measurement technology plays an extremely important role in quantum optices field.Detecting and preparing non-warp
During allusion quotation multi-photon state, the number of photons differentiated in light pulse is an indispensable step.It is limited to detector quantum
Efficiency, dark count rate, dead time and operating temperature realize that number of photons resolved detection is extremely challenging.It is existing at present
Number of photons resolution techniques include:
Output pulse height increased avalanche photodide with the increase of incident light subnumber.This diode has
90% or so detection efficient, but need sub-cooled and dark count rate is very high.
The number of photons resolution techniques of based superconductive device.Superconduction can reduce the dark count rate of detection, but further drop
Low operating temperature, practical value are lower.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is now to provide a kind of light to solve the problems, such as that current existing number of photons resolution techniques operating temperature is low
Subnumber resolved measurement device and method.
A kind of number of photons resolved measurement device characterized by comprising Amici prism 1, multimode fibre 2, more pixel photons
Counter 3, high-speed oscilloscope 4 and PIN photoelectric detector 5；
Signal light to be detected is divided into reflection, two beam signal lights of transmission by Amici prism 1,
The reflection signal light is incident on the photosurface of PIN photoelectric detector 5, and PIN photoelectric detector 5 turns incident light
It is changed to electric signal and sends supreme fast oscillograph 4；
The transmission signal light is coupled in more pixel photon counters 3 through multimode fibre 2, more pixel photon counters 3
Electric impulse signal output end connection high-speed oscilloscope 4 electric impulse signal input terminal.A kind of number of photons resolved measurement method,
It is characterized in that, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: being divided into reflection, two beam signal lights of transmission for signal light to be detected using Amici prism 1,
Step 2: acquiring reflection signal light using PIN photoelectric detector 5 and is changed to electric signal, using the electric signal as touching
Signalling is sent in high-speed oscilloscope 4；
Step 3: transmission signal is optically coupled in more pixel photon counters 3 using multimode fibre 2, more pixel photons
Counter 3 receives photon output electric pulse signal into high-speed oscilloscope 4 according to its pixel；
Step 4: it is defeated that high-speed oscilloscope 4 records more pixel photon counters 3 in the forward and backward 10ns of trigger signal arrival respectively
Electric impulse signal out, the corresponding electric pulse waveform of each electric impulse signal；
Step 5: voltage is not that 0 electric pulse waveform and trigger signal reach 3ns and just have later before trigger signal is reached
The electric pulse waveform of rising edge abandons, the electric pulse waveform after being screened；
Step 6: the voltage value corresponding when 5ns after trigger signal arrival of each electric pulse waveform after screening is recorded
As electrical pulse height h1, and record the frequency that each voltage value occurs；
Step 7: using electrical pulse height as abscissa, the frequency that each voltage value occurs draws electric pulse as ordinate
Height histogram；
Step 8: taking the average value of abscissa corresponding to adjacent two peak in electrical pulse height histogram, as single photon electricity
Pulse height h2, the included number of photons of electric pulse waveform is corresponding h1Divided by h2Rounding result.
A kind of number of photons resolved measurement device and method of the present invention, is all made of the device that can be worked under room temperature
Part thoroughly solves the problems, such as that existing number of photons resolution techniques operating temperature is low, reaches to number of photons included in laser pulse
The purpose differentiated.Meanwhile being selected using trigger signal as after with reference to progress, it realizes down to each pulse 2 × 10-3Secondary
Dark count rate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of number of photons resolved measurement device；
Fig. 2 is electrical pulse height histogram.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment 1: present embodiment is illustrated referring to Fig.1, a kind of number of photons point described in present embodiment
Distinguish measuring device, comprising: Amici prism 1, multimode fibre 2, more pixel photon counters 3, high-speed oscilloscope 4 and PIN photoelectricity are visited
Survey device 5；Signal light to be detected is divided into reflection, two beam signal lights of transmission by Amici prism 1, and signal light to be detected is that pulse width is small
In the repetition pulse laser of 1ns, present embodiment described device is exactly for differentiating in each pulse of repetition pulse laser
Photon number.
Reflection signal light is incident on the photosurface of PIN photoelectric detector 5, and PIN photoelectric detector 5 converts incident light into
Electric signal simultaneously passes to high-speed oscilloscope 4 for the electric signal as trigger signal.
Transmission signal light is coupled in more pixel photon counters 3 through multimode fibre 2, it may be assumed that by the photon in measured signal
It is assigned in each pixel of more pixel photon counters 3, when the number of photons for including in incident pulse laser is much smaller than more pixels
When the number of pixels of photon counter 3, it is believed that each pixel at most receives a photon.More pixel photon counters 3
Any pixel receive and will export the fixed electric impulse signal of height after photon, entire more pixel photon counters 3
Output signal is the sum of the output signal of each pixel.Multimode fibre 2 produces model M68L01's by thorlab company, the U.S.
Product.More pixel photon counters 3 for the produced model C10507-11-050U of Hamamatsu company, Japan product.
High-speed oscilloscope 4 receives and records the output signal of more pixel photon counters 3.It is indicated using trigger signal to be checked
It surveys signal light arrival time, high-speed oscilloscope 4 record trigger signals reach the output wave of the more pixel photon counters 3 in front and back
Shape.High-speed oscilloscope 4 uses the oscillograph of the produced model PCI-5152 of U.S. NI company.
Specific embodiment 2: illustrating present embodiment, a kind of number of photons point described in present embodiment referring to Fig. 2
It distinguishes measurement method, generates ultra-short pulse laser, pulse width 120fs, centre frequency using mode locking titanium sapphire laser device
810nm, repetition rate 80MHz；Repetition rate is reduced to 1MHz by a pulse pickers；Pulse is swashed using attenuator
Light is decayed, using the pulse laser after decaying as signal light to be detected.It is detected in pulse laser using following steps
Number of photons, the specific method is as follows:
Step 1: being divided into reflection, two beam signal lights of transmission for signal light to be detected using Amici prism 1,
Step 2: acquiring reflection signal light using PIN photoelectric detector 5 and is changed to electric signal, using the electric signal as touching
Signalling is sent in high-speed oscilloscope 4；
Step 3: transmission signal is optically coupled in more pixel photon counters 3 using multimode fibre 2, more pixel photons
Counter 3 receives photon output electric pulse signal into high-speed oscilloscope 4 according to its pixel；
Step 4: it is defeated that high-speed oscilloscope 4 records more pixel photon counters 3 in the forward and backward 10ns of trigger signal arrival respectively
Electric impulse signal out, the corresponding electric pulse waveform of each electric impulse signal；
Step 5: voltage is not that 0 electric pulse waveform and trigger signal reach 3ns and just have later before trigger signal is reached
The electric pulse waveform of rising edge abandons, the electric pulse waveform after being screened；Wherein, corresponding to the electric pulse waveform being dropped
Number of photons included in incident light pulse is not detectable；
Step 6: each electric pulse waveform voltage value corresponding when 5ns after trigger signal arrival is recorded as electric arteries and veins
Degree of leaping high h1, and record the frequency that each voltage value occurs；
Step 7: using electrical pulse height as abscissa, the frequency that each voltage value occurs draws electric pulse as ordinate
Height histogram；
Step 8: taking the average value of abscissa corresponding to adjacent two peak in electrical pulse height histogram, as single photon electricity
Pulse height h2, the included number of photons of electric pulse waveform is corresponding h1Divided by h2Rounding as a result, be rounded mode be round up
Method.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of number of photons resolved measurement method, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: being divided into reflection, two beam signal lights of transmission for signal light to be detected using Amici prism (1),
Step 2: using PIN photoelectric detector (5) acquisition reflection signal light and it is changed to electric signal, using the electric signal as triggering
Signal is sent in high-speed oscilloscope (4)；
Step 3: transmission signal is optically coupled in more pixel photon counters (3) using multimode fibre (2), more pixel photons
Counter (3) receives photon output electric pulse signal into high-speed oscilloscope (4) according to its pixel；
Step 4: it is defeated that high-speed oscilloscope (4) records more pixel photon counters (3) in the forward and backward 10ns of trigger signal arrival respectively
Electric impulse signal out, the corresponding electric pulse waveform of each electric impulse signal；
Step 5: voltage is not that 0 electric pulse waveform and trigger signal reach 3ns and just have rising later before trigger signal is reached
The electric pulse waveform on edge abandons, the electric pulse waveform after being screened；
Step 6: the voltage value conduct corresponding when 5ns after trigger signal arrival of each electric pulse waveform after screening is recorded
Electrical pulse height h1, and record the frequency that each voltage value occurs；
Step 7: using electrical pulse height as abscissa, the frequency that each voltage value occurs draws electrical pulse height as ordinate
Histogram；
Step 8: the average value of abscissa corresponding to adjacent two peak in electrical pulse height histogram is taken, as single photon electric pulse
Height h2, the included number of photons of electric pulse waveform is corresponding h1Divided by h2Rounding result.
2. a kind of number of photons resolved measurement method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that utilize mode locking before step 1
Titanium sapphire laser device generates the ultrashort pulse that pulse width is 120fs, centre frequency 810nm, repetition rate are 80MHz and swashs
Light,
The repetition rate of ultra-short pulse laser is reduced to 1MHz using pulse pickers；
Decayed using attenuator to ultra-short pulse laser, using the light after decaying as signal light to be detected.
3. a kind of number of photons resolved measurement method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that rounding mode is in step 8
Rounding-off method.
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| CN115529079A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2022-12-27 | 科大国盾量子技术股份有限公司 | Signal state and decoy state average photon number online detection device and method |
| CN113340441A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-09-03 | 中国科学技术大学 | Luminescence detection system |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01129237A (en) * | 1987-11-16 | 1989-05-22 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Optical logical circuit |
| CN203385484U (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2014-01-08 | 西安工程大学 | Single-photon counting device |
| CN203385483U (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2014-01-08 | 西安工程大学 | Photon-number distinguishing and counting device based on multi-pixel photon counter |
| CN104330173A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-02-04 | 西安工程大学 | Photon number distinction method based on waveform integral and used photon distinction system |
| KR20160087362A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2016-07-21 | 한국과학기술원 | Dynamic single photon generator based on photon number counter |
| CN107015235A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-08-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The high-precision Gm APD laser radar systems and its distance-finding method responded based on multi-door Full wave shape |
| CN107390230A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-11-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Double Gm APD photon counting laser radars based on half time alignment door |
-
2018
- 2018-01-29 CN CN201810084995.2A patent/CN108414095B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01129237A (en) * | 1987-11-16 | 1989-05-22 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Optical logical circuit |
| CN203385484U (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2014-01-08 | 西安工程大学 | Single-photon counting device |
| CN203385483U (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2014-01-08 | 西安工程大学 | Photon-number distinguishing and counting device based on multi-pixel photon counter |
| CN104330173A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-02-04 | 西安工程大学 | Photon number distinction method based on waveform integral and used photon distinction system |
| KR20160087362A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2016-07-21 | 한국과학기술원 | Dynamic single photon generator based on photon number counter |
| CN107015235A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-08-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The high-precision Gm APD laser radar systems and its distance-finding method responded based on multi-door Full wave shape |
| CN107390230A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-11-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Double Gm APD photon counting laser radars based on half time alignment door |
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