CN108413938A - Karst area geological defect detection method combining unmanned aerial vehicle and in-tunnel object detection - Google Patents
Karst area geological defect detection method combining unmanned aerial vehicle and in-tunnel object detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN108413938A CN108413938A CN201711404154.7A CN201711404154A CN108413938A CN 108413938 A CN108413938 A CN 108413938A CN 201711404154 A CN201711404154 A CN 201711404154A CN 108413938 A CN108413938 A CN 108413938A
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- geological
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- tunnel
- physical prospecting
- geological defect
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000746 body region Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000505 pernicious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C11/00—Photogrammetry or videogrammetry, e.g. stereogrammetry; Photographic surveying
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/003—Seismic data acquisition in general, e.g. survey design
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V9/00—Prospecting or detecting by methods not provided for in groups G01V1/00 - G01V8/00
Abstract
The invention discloses a karst area geological defect detection method combining an unmanned aerial vehicle and in-tunnel geophysical prospecting, which comprises the following steps: selecting a detection area including a tunnel to be built in a karst area; aerial photography is carried out on the detection area through an unmanned aerial vehicle so as to obtain image information; carrying out three-dimensional modeling on the detection area according to the image information to obtain a three-dimensional scene, so as to obtain the information of the geological defect body from the three-dimensional scene; projecting the geological defect body to the buried depth of the tunnel to be built, and estimating the information that the geological defect body extends downwards to the buried depth of the tunnel to be built; estimating the information of the geological defect body at the buried depth of the tunnel to be built according to the information of the geological defect body; in the excavation process of the tunnel to be built, in-hole geophysical prospecting is carried out on the geological defect body by combining the information of the geological defect body at the buried depth of the tunnel to be built. The method can simply and accurately detect the geological defect body, thereby saving time and cost, eliminating the multi-solution of geophysical prospecting results and accurately detecting the geological defect body in the karst area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of a kind of rocks of physical prospecting in Geological Defects body detecting method more particularly to combination unmanned plane and hole
Molten area's Geological Defects body detecting method.
Background technology
China has a vast territory, and complex geologic conditions are various, has manufactured obstacle to a certain extent for building for Tunnel Engineering.Closely
A little years occur more and more with the further development of China's strategy to develop western regions and infrastructure in karst area
Build the operating mode in tunnel.
The karst in China is widely distributed, numerous types, is one of maximum country of karst area in the world.National carbonate
Rocks area accounts for about the 1/7 of national territorial area up to more than 130 ten thousand square kilometres, if including buried karst, there is about 2,000,000
Square kilometre, account for the 1/5 of national area.Since karst structure is various informative, complex distribution, existing technological means is difficult to accurately
The basic condition for finding out Geological Defects, it is still the high engineering activity of risk to cause karst region to build tunnel.Often because blindly applying
Work and lead to prominent mud gushing water, cause the pernicious engineering accident of fatal crass.
Currently, the method used in the industry mainly out of hole using seismic wave method, Electromagnetic Wave Method and infrared detecting water etc. into
Row detection is since the karst structure form such as solution cavity, underground river is various, scale is different, property is changeable, often such that utilizing seismic reflection
Wave describes the seismic wave method failure of Geological Defects, and radar imagery method is difficult to reflect the overall picture of construction and generate erroneous judgement, transient electromagnetic
Method also is difficult to apply due to itself not perfect, and infrared detecting water method to water-bearing structure also because only having opposite qualitative reference
Meaning.
Meanwhile Advance Drilling because cost is high and for a long time occupy excavation face due to can not large-scale use.
However, building tunnel in karst region can not avoid.Especially in recent years, highway, railway construction are further drive on boldly
Tall and big, high and cold, isolated area.How critical issue that karst structure geologic prediction be urgently to be resolved hurrily is improved.
Invention content
Since karst structure has itself unique law of development, not only it is decided by the endogenetic of tectonic diastrophism, also
Depending on the erosion of weather conditions in earth history and flowing water, there is extremely strong characteristics of geomorphy development.In view of this, proposing synthesis
Using geophysical prospecting technology (such as radar, seismic wave method) in unmanned plane oblique photograph technology, hole, further combined with earth's surface geophysical prospecting technology,
Accurate geological defect information is provided for constructing tunnel.
The invention discloses a kind of karst region Geological Defects body detecting methods of physical prospecting in combination unmanned plane and hole, including such as
Lower step：Selected karst region includes the detection zone for waiting for built tunnel；It is navigated to the detection zone by the unmanned plane
It claps, to obtain image information；According to the image information to detection zone progress three-dimensional modeling to obtain three-dimensional scenic, from
And the information of the geological defect is obtained from the three-dimensional scenic；The geological defect is projected to and waits for burying for built tunnel
Depths estimates geological defect and extends downwardly into the information waited at the buried depth of built tunnel；And wait for built tunnel described
Digging process in, the information of the geological defect at the buried depth of built tunnel is waited in conjunction with described in being estimated, to the geology
Defect body carries out physical prospecting in hole.
Preferably, it is described wait for the excavation step of built tunnel before, according to what is obtained from the three-dimensional scenic
The information of matter defect body determines the region for needing to carry out surface exploration；And it is cutd open using EH4 electric magnetic images to execute electromagnetism
Face method, to needing the region for carrying out surface exploration to carry out earth's surface physical prospecting, to detect the details of the geological defect,
In, the information of the geological defect includes one of position, scale, property and occurrence of the geological defect or more persons.
Preferably, include to the step of geological defect progress earth's surface physical prospecting：In earth's surface waits for built tunnel described in
Line lays the first survey line, and earth's surface physical prospecting is carried out to the geological defect along first survey line.
Preferably, wait for that built tunnel center line lays the second survey line earth's surface is vertical described, to described along second survey line
Matter defect body carries out earth's surface physical prospecting.
Preferably, in the step of carrying out physical prospecting in hole to the geological defect, investigative range waits for built tunnel week to be described
3-5 times of side hole diameter.
Preferably, in the step of carrying out physical prospecting in hole to the geological defect, by long range physical prospecting and short distance physical prospecting
It is combined and carries out physical prospecting in hole.
Preferably, in the step of carrying out physical prospecting in hole to the geological defect, using geological radar or seismic wave to institute
It states geological defect and carries out physical prospecting in hole.
Preferably, the geological defect is lapies, karst fracture zones, Karst funnel, solution cavity or underground river.
Preferably, the unmanned plane carries out oblique photograph to the detection zone.
Preferably, the ship's control of the image information is 75%-90%, and sidelapping degree is 70%-80%, described
The resolution ratio of image information is in the range of 3-5 centimetres.
Preferably, the width of the detection zone waits for that the central shaft both sides of built tunnel are respectively less than or equal to 1000 to be described
The length of the distance of rice, the detection zone is the length for waiting for built tunnel.
According to the technique and scheme of the present invention, unmanned air vehicle technique is creatively applied to the ground quality detection neck never set foot in
Domain, so as to simply accurately detect the geological defect in karst region, especially for waiting for that built tunnel depth is deep
Situation, such as when built tunnel is high ferro tunnel, detecting geological defect and then targetedly in geological defect area
Domain carries out physical prospecting in hole, or further combines earth's surface geophysical prospecting technology, so as to exclude the multi-solution of physical prospecting result, to rock
The geological defect in molten area implements accurate detection, and can save time and cost-effective.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the karst region Geological Defects body detecting method based on physical prospecting in unmanned plane and hole of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the three-dimensional scenic of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention will be further described in detail, in order to which the present invention is more clear and is easy to
Understand.Those skilled in the art will recognize, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, Ke Yiyong
A variety of different modes or combinations thereof are modified described embodiment.Therefore, attached drawing and description are inherently explanation
Property, it is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.In addition, in the present specification, attached drawing is drawn not in scale, and
Identical reference numeral indicates identical part.
With reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 2 embodiments that the present invention will be described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention discloses a kind of, the karst region geological defect based on physical prospecting in unmanned plane and hole detects
Method includes the following steps：Selected karst region includes the detection zone for waiting for built tunnel；Detection zone is carried out by unmanned plane
It takes photo by plane, to obtain image information；Three-dimensional modeling is carried out to obtain three-dimensional scenic to detection zone according to image information, thus from three
The information of geological defect is obtained in dimension scene；Geological defect is projected to and is waited at the buried depth of built tunnel, geology is estimated and lacks
Sunken body extends downwardly into the information waited at the buried depth of built tunnel, to determine to proposed tunnel influence degree；And waiting for built tunnel
Digging process in, in conjunction with the information for waiting for geological defect at the buried depth of built tunnel estimated, hole is carried out to geological defect
Interior physical prospecting.
According to the geology of detection zone, geography and climatological data and the buried depth for waiting for built tunnel of detection zone and height
Journey evaluates detection zone in tunnel location developmental state.And according to solution cavity, lapies, clint, karst in three-dimensional scenic
The mark image feature in funnel, lithology line of demarcation etc., obtains the information of geological defect.For example, in fig. 2, according to detection zone
Geology, geography and the climatological data in domain and the buried depth and elevation for waiting for built tunnel of the detection zone, can easily sentence
The region A in three-dimensional scenic that breaks is geological defect.
Preferably, before waiting for the excavation step of built tunnel, its information is specified, such as position, scale, property and occurrence, shape
Result map is identified at geological defect.Then, the region for needing to carry out surface exploration is determined in figure, and physical prospecting is carried out from earth's surface,
Further find out the details of geological defect, the information of geological defect includes the position of geological defect, occurrence, scale
And property, such as one of aqueous (mud) property or more persons.Wherein, the geological defect detected by physical prospecting in hole and earth's surface
Further information from three-dimensional scenic than showing that the information of geological defect is more acurrate, more detailed.
Preferably, include to the step of geological defect progress earth's surface physical prospecting：In earth's surface waits for built tunnel described in
Line lays the first survey line, and earth's surface physical prospecting is carried out to the geological defect along first survey line.
Preferably, wait for that built tunnel center line lays the second survey line earth's surface is vertical described, to described along second survey line
Matter defect body carries out earth's surface physical prospecting.
Preferably, in the step of carrying out physical prospecting in hole to the geological defect, investigative range waits for built tunnel week to be described
3-5 times of side hole diameter.
Preferably, in the step of carrying out physical prospecting in hole to the geological defect, by long range physical prospecting and short distance physical prospecting
It is combined and carries out physical prospecting in hole.
Preferably, in the step of carrying out physical prospecting in hole to the geological defect, using geological radar or seismic wave to institute
It states geological defect and carries out physical prospecting in hole.
Preferably, electromagnetic profiling is executed using EH4 electric magnetic images, to carry out earth's surface physical prospecting.
Preferably, the geology of detection zone, geography and climatological data include the earth history EVOLUTION ANALYSIS side of karst region
Method, local base level of erosion develop and transition, detection zone oblique photograph, karst structure development geomorphic feature interpretation detection.
Preferably, earth history evolution analysis method include can lava sedimentation build with structural evolution historical analysis and
Ancient geoaraply geologic climate historical analysis, it includes being investigated containing neotectonic movement that local base level of erosion, which develops with transition,.
Preferably, the step of being investigated containing neotectonic movement include：Finding out the karst region local base level of erosion
On the basis of, according to neotectonic movement and evolution of regional geology history, infer the geology period of history region local base level
The evolution and transition in face.
Preferably, the evaluation of the karst structure of karst region includes：Evaluate type, the position of the karst structure of the karst region
Set, occurrence, scale and property.
Preferably, taking photo by plane, the time is selected in the winter, autumn is advisable, to reduce interference of the vegetative coverage to image information.
Preferably, the geological defect is lapies, karst fracture zones, Karst funnel, solution cavity or underground river.
Preferably, the unmanned plane carries out oblique photograph to the detection zone.
Preferably, the ship's control of image information is 75%-90%, and sidelapping degree is 70%-80%, image information
Resolution ratio in the range of 3-5 centimetres.
Preferably, the width of detection zone be wait for the central shaft both sides of built tunnel be respectively less than or equal to 1000 meters away from
From the length of the detection zone is to wait for the length of built tunnel.
In the present invention, unmanned air vehicle technique is creatively applied to the geology detection field never set foot in, so as to
The simple geological defect accurately detected in karst region, the situation deep especially for built tunnel depth is waited for, such as wait for
When built tunnel is high ferro tunnel, is detecting geological defect and then targetedly carried out in hole in Geological Defects body region
Physical prospecting, or earth's surface geophysical prospecting technology is further combined, so as to exclude the multi-solution of physical prospecting result, to the geology of karst region
Defect body implements accurate detection, and can save time and cost.
The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiment of the present invention, are not intended to restrict the invention, for those skilled in the art
For member, the invention may be variously modified and varied.Any modification made by all within the spirits and principles of the present invention,
Equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of karst region Geological Defects body detecting method of physical prospecting in combination unmanned plane and hole, includes the following steps：
It includes the detection zone for waiting for built tunnel to select the karst region；
It is taken photo by plane to the detection zone by the unmanned plane, to obtain image information；
Three-dimensional modeling is carried out to obtain three-dimensional scenic to the detection zone according to the image information, thus from the three dimensional field
The information of the geological defect is obtained in scape；
The geological defect is projected to and is waited at the buried depth of built tunnel, estimate the geological defect extend downwardly into it is described
Wait for the information at the buried depth of built tunnel；And
The digging process of built tunnel is waited for described, waits for the geological defect at the buried depth of built tunnel in conjunction with described in being estimated
Information, to the geological defect carry out hole in physical prospecting.
2. Geological Defects body detecting method in karst region according to claim 1, wherein in the excavation step for waiting for built tunnel
Before rapid, the area for needing to carry out surface exploration is determined according to the information of the geological defect obtained from the three-dimensional scenic
Domain；And
To needing the region for carrying out surface exploration to carry out earth's surface physical prospecting, to detect the further information of the geological defect,
Wherein, the information of the geological defect include one of position, scale, property and occurrence of the geological defect or
More persons.
3. Geological Defects body detecting method in karst region according to claim 2, wherein carry out ground to the geological defect
The step of table physical prospecting includes：Wait for that built tunnel center line lays the first survey line described in earth's surface, to described along first survey line
Matter defect body carries out earth's surface physical prospecting.
4. Geological Defects body detecting method in karst region according to claim 2, wherein wait for built tunnel described in vertical in earth's surface
Center line lays the second survey line, and earth's surface physical prospecting is carried out to the geological defect along second survey line.
5. Geological Defects body detecting method in karst region according to claim 1, wherein carry out hole to the geological defect
In the step of interior physical prospecting, investigative range is described 3-5 times of hole diameter of tunnel perimeter yet to be built.
6. Geological Defects body detecting method in karst region according to claim 1, wherein carry out hole to the geological defect
In the step of interior physical prospecting, long range physical prospecting is combined with short distance physical prospecting and carries out physical prospecting in hole.
7. Geological Defects body detecting method in karst region according to claim 1, wherein carry out hole to the geological defect
In the step of interior physical prospecting, physical prospecting in hole is carried out to the geological defect using geological radar or seismic wave.
8. Geological Defects body detecting method in karst region according to claim 1, wherein the geological defect be lapies,
Karst fracture zones, Karst funnel, solution cavity or underground river, the unmanned plane carry out oblique photograph to the detection zone.
9. Geological Defects body detecting method in karst region according to claim 1, wherein ship's control 75%-90%,
Sidelapping degree is 70%-80%, and the resolution ratio of the image information is in the range of 3-5 centimetres.
10. Geological Defects body detecting method in karst region according to claim 1, wherein the width of the detection zone is
The central shaft both sides for waiting for built tunnel are respectively less than or equal to 1000 meters of distance, and the length of the detection zone is described wait for
The length of built tunnel.
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| CN109583047A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-04-05 | 华侨大学 | A kind of prominent mud surface subsidence of tunnel gushing water forms the prediction technique of time |
| CN110308492A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-10-08 | 核工业航测遥感中心 | Method for extracting aerial geophysical prospecting data in center line of curved railway tunnel |
| CN110988992A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-10 | 中铁十二局集团第二工程有限公司 | Advanced geological forecasting method for mining method construction |
| CN111189433A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-05-22 | 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所 | Karst peak forest landform parameter measuring method based on unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography |
| CN115468541A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2022-12-13 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局八〇一水文地质工程地质大队(山东省地矿工程勘察院) | Information system for four-dimensional monitoring of karst collapse |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111189433A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-05-22 | 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所 | Karst peak forest landform parameter measuring method based on unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography |
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| CN115468541A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2022-12-13 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局八〇一水文地质工程地质大队(山东省地矿工程勘察院) | Information system for four-dimensional monitoring of karst collapse |
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| CN108413938B (en) | 2021-08-06 |
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