CN108413855A - A kind of calibration of Electronic calliper gauge and assessment method - Google Patents
A kind of calibration of Electronic calliper gauge and assessment method Download PDFInfo
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- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
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Abstract
A kind of calibration of Electronic calliper gauge and assessment method, it is for common Electronic calliper gauge in current equipment manufacture production process, to ensure that all kinds of Electronic calliper gauges disclosure satisfy that detection technique requirement and requirement, a kind of detection control method of specification is provided, i.e., meets Product Precision and requirement and the calibration of the practicable Electronic calliper gauge error of indication and assessment method using what application specific standard part carried out.The Electronic calliper gauge method of quality control generally used on specification production line, by core meter characteristic-error of indication of all kinds of Electronic calliper gauges of calibration to determine itself state of the art, to meet technology measurement and requirement；The accordance that evaluation Electronic calliper gauge is required according to the error permissible value of regulation, to realize that measurement result is precisely consistent, and meets the magnitude tracing requirement of unification of the motherland, and then ensure product testing Quality advance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the precision measuring instrument detection technique field in machine-building, it is related to a kind of calibration of Electronic calliper gauge and comments
Determine method.
Background technology
Today of equipment manufacture fast development in China, Electronic calliper gauge is in engineering goods manufacture, especially in high volume
It is machined on production line (such as auto parts production line), has been obtained for very extensive application.Not with product quality
It is disconnected to be promoted, it is also higher and higher to the testing requirements of product with Electronic calliper gauge.Whether many universal machine product sizes and precision can
Meet technology requirement, is required for carrying out directly measurement and test evaluation using Electronic calliper gauge.Electronic calliper gauge be using comparison method come
It realizes and quickly measures element size and the special measuring tool of error, effect is to measure thickness, diameter and distance between the surface etc.,
Axis Electronic calliper gauge（Hereinafter referred to as Electronic calliper gauge or calliper）It is most commonly seen.
Common Electronic calliper gauge can be divided into adjustable and non-adjustable integral expression two types, non-adjustable integral expression calliper just for
A kind of measurement of size, and adjustable calliper is by adjusting can measure sizes；The sensor of Electronic calliper gauge configuration has
Two kinds of inductance type and capacitance-grid type, its usual measurement accuracy is respectively 2 microns and 6 microns, the measurement model of Electronic calliper gauge digital display device
The tolerance of the theoretical size for Design Requirement Drawing is enclosed, the primary structure shape of Electronic calliper gauge is as shown in Figure 1.Electronic calliper gauge is certainly
By should be theoretical size L under state, elastic deformation is generated with the appearance and size of tested parts when measuring, built in triggering
Sensor reads measured size by the digital display device of connection.Two kind zero of different tolerances for identical diameter of axle size
Part can also be measured with same Electronic calliper gauge.
The various Electronic calliper gauges manufactured both at home and abroad are largely used in process of production at present, due to country's not yet regulation electricity
The calibration method of electronic caliper, also ununified evaluation standard so that Electronic calliper gauge accuracy be difficult to protect
Card, the Electronic calliper gauge measurement accuracy for resulting in some long-time services gradually reduce, and make it that the result of machine components be examined to generate mistake
Sentence, directly affects the quality-improving of engineering goods.To ensure that all kinds of Electronic calliper gauges disclosure satisfy that detection technique is required and used
It is required that, it is necessary to its core meter characteristic is calibrated（Mainly its error of indication and check and correction part）, and enable Electronic calliper gauge
It effectively traces to the source according to national magnitude system requirements, so proposing that the Electronic calliper gauge calibration of unified standard and assessment method very must
It wants.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to be directed to common Electronic calliper gauge in equipment manufacture production process, a kind of specification is provided
Product testing control method utilizes calibration standard part（Hereinafter referred to as standard component）Carry out meet Product Precision and use is wanted
It asks and practicable Electronic calliper gauge is calibrated and assessment method.
The present invention, which adopts the following technical scheme that, reaches above-mentioned purpose：
1. standard component designs：In the domestic and international Electronic calliper gauge product used in production, mostly included there are one special check and correction
Part, the verification being mainly used in the check and correction and use before mating single Electronic calliper gauge use；These check and correction part technologies require not
Unified standard is only used for corresponding single Electronic calliper gauge, generally can not be as the standard component of Electronic calliper gauge calibration；And for scarce
The Electronic calliper gauge of few special check and correction part, periodic calibration is carried out with greater need for unified standard component is designed to calliper；It is identical for measuring
One Electronic calliper gauge of the diameter of axle and different tolerance parts, should design one group of two or more calibrating devices（Or sub-assembly）, with
Meet its requirement and alignment requirements.Standard component is typically a kind of high-precision cylinder, its design is that basis is calibrated
Electronic calliper gauge nominal size and precision determine, as standard component that size is Φ D is served only for the Electronic calliper gauge of calibration same specification
(such as Fig. 1), standard component design outer diameter（Size diameter）It is consistent with the upper limit and lower limit for being calibrated calliper respectively, i.e., it sets respectively
It is calculated as Φ D and Φ D-T（If Fig. 2, T are the difference of the bound size of Electronic calliper gauge）, dimensional accuracy is usually by being less than or equal to
1/4 or so design of Electronic calliper gauge resolving power, that is, meet the alignment requirements for being calibrated Electronic calliper gauge：Such as according to capacitance-grid type calliper essence
Degree, standard component outer diameter tolerance is designed as 1.5 μm, and inductance type calliper standard component outer diameter tolerance may be designed as 0.5 μm or so,
Electronic calliper gauge for measurement range more than 100mm can suitably relax technology requirement；Other design parameters of standard component further include circle
Degree, cylindricity, concentricity, end face plane degree or to axis verticality, surface roughness etc., should match with its dimensional accuracy；
The precision limit value that standard component is given in table 1 should meet the technology requirement of calibration Electronic calliper gauge calibration.
1 Electronic calliper gauge calibration standard part design requirement of table
Standard component design type can be divided into two kinds：Single standard part（Such as Fig. 2）With combined type standard component (such as Fig. 3), this is mainly examined
Consider two reasons：On the one hand be for Electronic calliper gauge adjustable and can not mode two types, be on the other hand practical application
Convenience.Here recommend：For nominal size be greater than or equal to 100mm Electronic calliper gauge, standard component answer it is individually designed, i.e.,
One standard component in addition to the Upper-lower Limit size of design standard part, while designing end just for a kind of calibration of Electronic calliper gauge
Face size L is identical as Electronic calliper gauge nominal size, is used as assisted calibration, and L can be used to carry out electronics as standard value pair zero
Calliper is calibrated, and the technology that the Upper-lower Limit size and face size of design standard part should all reach the corresponding Electronic calliper gauge of calibration is wanted
It asks；And be less than the calliper of 100mm for nominal size, standard component can Group Design, that is, it is different to be designed as two groups of nominal sizes
Standard round column combination at a standard component (such as Fig. 3), the calibration of corresponding two kinds of different Electronic calliper gauges；Under special circumstances such as needle
50mm is less than to size
Adjustable electric electronic caliper, can also be designed to three various sizes of combined standard parts, it is corresponding
The calibration of the upper lower limit value of three kinds of different size callipers.
Standard component after the completion of manufacture should calibrate the error of indication of its each section of size before use, be marked with determining
The upper and lower limit size of quasi- part diameter, specific calibration method can use four equal gauge blocks to be measured really with comparison method on gauging machine
It is fixed（It can refer to the calibration of calliper check and correction part）；Standard component other technologies parameter can be used corresponding instrument to measure control, with true
It protects standard component and meets technology requirement.
Electronic calliper gauge is calibrated：Electronic calliper gauge calibration is to be calibrated to its error of indication, typically utilizes designed standard
Part, the method for comparing measurement using two kinds are implemented to calibrate to the calliper error of indication：One is Electronic calliper gauge is first stuck in standard component
Lower limit make digital display meter zero setting, then calliper is stuck in the high limit of size of standard component, is read from digital display meter, reading value is subtracted
It is the single measurement error of indication of the calliper to go the standard component high limit of size, and calculation formula is as follows：
ei = li-l 【1】
In formula：ei--- high limit of size error of indication ith measures the single error of indication；
li--- ith measures the indicating value of calliper high limit of size record；
L --- calibrating device upper limit actual size (being typically nominal value)；
Another method is first Electronic calliper gauge to be stuck on the nominal size L of standard component to zero, then calliper is stuck in standard
The upper and lower bound size of part reads reading from digital display device, standard component upper and lower limit size is individually subtracted in reading value respectively
Actual value is the upper and lower size single measurement error of indication e of the calliperi； eiIt still can be by formula【1】It calculates, only under calibration
When limiting the error of indication, l in formulaiThe indicating value of calliper lower limit record is measured for ith, and l is the practical ruler of calibrating device lower limit
It is very little.
Above method single measurement repeats 5 times, obtains ei（That is e1、e2、e3、e4、e5）Take eiMiddle maximum absolute value
As the calibration result e of the corresponding size error of indication, i.e.,：
E=Max { ei}=Max { e1、e2、e3、e4、e5}【2】
The following table 2 is the precision and requirement according to all kinds of Electronic calliper gauges, measured piece is worked as in the error of indication limit value requirement of proposition
When tolerance T≤10 μm, calliper error of indication permissible value is 1 μm；When measured piece tolerance T is less than or equal to 30 μm more than 10 μm,
Calliper error of indication permissible value is 2 μm；When measured piece tolerance T is more than 30 μm, calliper error of indication permissible value should be T/10 μm；
Technology requirement as defined in this table is only met, just can guarantee the accuracy of calliper detection data, i.e. its calibration knot of Electronic calliper gauge
Defined error of indication permissible value requirement is not to be exceeded in fruit e.
2 Electronic calliper gauge error of indication permissible value of table
Note：T is the tolerance of measured workpiece size in table, may generally be the difference of the upper and lower limit size of Electronic calliper gauge.
Calliper proofreads the calibration of part：To meet real work needs, not only Electronic calliper gauge is calibrated, also cope with it
Subsidiary check and correction part implements calibration, so that the Electronic calliper gauge of onsite application carries out check and correction verification at any time, it is ensured that Electronic calliper gauge is in
The state of the art of accurate stable；Generally for the calibration of check and correction part, four are used to wait gauge blocks to compare on horizontal metroscope or gauging machine
Method measures calibration, and when calibration is first combined into the nominal upper limit size of check and correction part with gauge block, is placed on read volume on horizontal metroscope
Block assembled dimension data lb, then remove gauge block and the check and correction part high limit of size be placed on horizontal metroscope reading high limit of size reading l1, ginseng
Examine formula【1】The difference read twice is to proofread the error of indication e of part high limit of size single measurement1；By same program carry out to
Few equally accurate duplicate measurements three times, obtains three li（I values 1,2,3）L is individually subtractedb, obtain the error of indication measured three times
e1、e2、e3, take measurement result average value e three timespAs check and correction part high limit of size error of indication calibration result, i.e.,：
ep =Σei/3 =Σ（li- lb）/3 【3】
L in formulabFor gauge block assembled dimension；I values are respectively 1,2,3；
Lower limit to proofreading part carries out calibration same method, takes it that the average value measured is repeated several times as its lower limit ruler
Very little error of indication calibration result；According to application requirement again assignment calibration result should be used to the check and correction part after calibration（It is practical
Value）The upper and lower limit size nominal value on former check and correction part is substituted, to ensure to be proofreaded when verifying the Electronic calliper gauge in use with it
Accuracy；Check and correction part after being calibrated when meeting correlated condition can also be used for mating calliper error of indication calibration.
4. calliper error of indication uncertainty evaluation：According to the shadow of the various errors introduced in Electronic calliper gauge calibration process
It rings, calculates the numerical value of the uncertainty of measurement of its error of indication.By analyze uncertainty of measurement influence be mainly derived from
Lower several respects：A. the repeated S of the Electronic calliper gauge high limit of size is calibrated（li）The influence amount u of introducing（li）；B. Electronic calliper gauge and upper
Limit the linear expansion coefficient difference δ α of dimensional standard partI,Introduce uncertainty influence amount u（δαi）；C. Electronic calliper gauge and high limit of size mark
The average temperature difference δ t of quasi- partiThe uncertainty influence amount u of introducing（δti）；D. the repetition of Electronic calliper gauge lower limit is calibrated
Property introduce partial uncertainty u（lb）；E. the linear expansion coefficient difference δ α of Electronic calliper gauge and lower limit standard componentbIt introduces not
Degree of certainty component u（δαb）；F. the average temperature difference δ t of Electronic calliper gauge and lower limit standard componentbThe partial uncertainty u of introducing
（δtb）；Above each component can quote correlation formula analysis and be calculated, since each component is uncorrelated independently of one another, to draw
Enter following combined standard uncertainty ucFormula（C in formula1~c6For the sensitivity coefficient of each component）：
uc=[c1.u2（li）+c2.u2（δαi）+c3.u2（δti）+c4.u2（lb）+c5.u2（δαb）+c6.u2（δtb）]½ 【4】
Extend uncertainty of measurement U calculation formula： U = k.uc 【5】
5. Electronic calliper gauge meets sex determination：Generally go through Electronic calliper gauge after calibrating, the expression of error of indication calibration result, it should
Including the measured value e of the error of indication and its corresponding uncertainty of measurement U.According to using the error of indication needed to Electronic calliper gauge
Accordance is evaluated, and usually when the ratio very little of uncertainty of measurement and the limits of error, U can be ignored, i.e.,
As U/M≤1/4, the error of indication is believed that Electronic calliper gauge qualification when being less than limits of error value；Otherwise it just needs to consider
Accurately judged after the uncertainty of measurement of the error of indication：As the absolute value E of the error of indication e of Electronic calliper gauge, it is less than or equal to
When the difference of limits of error absolute value Μ and the expanded uncertainty U of the error of indication, i.e., E≤Μ-U just can determine that the electronic card
Rule are qualified；With should Electronic calliper gauge error of indication absolute value E, be more than limits of error absolute value Μ and the error of indication extension
When the sum of uncertainty U, i.e., E ＞ Μ+U just can determine that the calliper is unqualified；Under special circumstances, when the indicating value of Electronic calliper gauge is missed
It is unqualified that difference can neither be determined as that qualification can not be determined as, i.e., E is in（Μ-U）~（Μ+U）Between when, should be selected such that with more
High-precision calibration standard further can just make after calibration and meet sex determination.For adjustable Electronic calliper gauge due to being
The calibration of more size points, the evaluation conclusion of respective points single value can be provided in analyzing evaluation, can also provide electronic card
The evaluation conclusion of rule, and the error of indication of only each size point of the Electronic calliper gauge meets the requirements, and can show that electronic card is regular
The satisfactory conclusion of body.
The present invention can reach following good effect after using above-mentioned technical proposal：The electronics generally used on specification production line
Calliper method of quality control, by calibrating core meter characteristic-error of indication of all kinds of Electronic calliper gauges to determine itself technology
State, to meet technology measurement and requirement；The accordance of evaluation Electronic calliper gauge is required according to the error permissible value of regulation,
To realize that measurement result is precisely consistent, and meet the magnitude tracing requirement of unification of the motherland, and then ensures product testing Quality advance.
The present invention is on probation in this enterprise and obtains preferable application effect.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of common Electronic calliper gauge calibration schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the calibration standard part schematic diagram that the present invention designs；
Fig. 3 is the combined standard part schematic diagram that the present invention designs；
Fig. 4 is that the error of indication of the present invention meets sex determination schematic diagram.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.As shown in figures 1-4, a kind of Electronic calliper gauge error of indication
Calibration and assessment method, work step be：
1. Electronic calliper gauge adjusts：Electronic calliper gauge (such as Fig. 1) includes：Stationary jaw 1, digital display device 2, calliper handle 3, sensor 4,
Calliper elastic element 5, fine motion claw 6；Implement the when of calibrating should make the stationary jaw 1 of calliper, digital display device 2, calliper handle 3,
Sensor 4, elastic element 5 and fine motion claw 6 are connected normally by trip bolt, and each push button function is kept to stablize, number display
Clearly, reliable operation, operating temperature is many by the time of school Electronic calliper gauge equilibrium temperature indoors at 20 ± 2 DEG C in control room
In 2 hours, so that calliper elastic element 5 and 6 deformation of claw is stablized, the Electronic calliper gauge being calibrated is matched with design in a free state
The standard component 7 of set realizes cooperation；The standard component designed to Electronic calliper gauge calibration（Such as Fig. 2 and Fig. 3）, should be carried out after completing processing
Calibration is to determine the magnitude of standard component.
2. the calibration of Electronic calliper gauge：Two kinds of methods for comparing measurement are used using satisfactory standard component, to electronics
The calliper error of indication implements calibration：One is the lower limit that Electronic calliper gauge is first placed on to standard component, adjustment digital display device 2 makes
Reading is set to zero, then fine motion claw 6, stationary jaw 1 are stuck in the high limit of size of standard component 7, is read from digital display device 2, will
Reading value subtracts the high limit of size actual value of standard component 7, as the single measurement error of indication e of the calliperi, by formula【1】Meter
It calculates.Another kind is that first the stationary jaw 1 by Electronic calliper gauge and fine motion claw 6 are stuck on the nominal size L of standard component to zero, then are incited somebody to action
Calliper stationary jaw 1 and fine motion claw 6 are stuck in the upper and lower bound size of standard component 7, are read respectively from digital display device 2
Reading, is individually subtracted standard component upper and lower limit size actual value, the upper and lower size single measurement of the as calliper is shown by reading value
It is worth error；E at this timeiIt still can be by formula【1】It calculates, only in the calibration lower limit error of indication, l in formulaiFor ith measurement card
The indicating value of lower limit record is advised, and l is calibrating device lower limit actual size.To obtain the error of indication e of single measurement calibrationI,
The limits of error as defined in table 2 are not to be exceeded in its value；Electronic calliper gauge duplicate measurements is carried out 5 times, 5 show values point are read
Calibrating device upper limit nominal value is not subtracted, obtains corresponding error of indication e1、e2、e3、e4、e5,According to formula【2】Calculating takes it absolutely
It is worth maximum as error of indication calibration result e.
Two Electronic calliper gauges selected in testing at the scene（1#、2#）, the high limit of size respectively correspond to 125.988 and
45.017 standard component, when being calibrated to Electronic calliper gauge, respectively with standard component lower limit 125.948 and 45.001
As benchmark centering, keeps the reading of calliper digital display device consistent with standard component lower limit, then its high limit of size is read
Calibration reading value is subtracted the actual value of the corresponding standard component high limit of size, as the calliper high limit of size error of indication by number calibration.This
The high limit of size of two callipers is calibrated in experiment respectively, carries out equal precision measurement respectively per size value and obtain 5 indicating values for 5 times to miss
Poor calibration value, according to formula【1】、【2】The difference for calculating separately calibration value and corresponding standard component high limit of size actual value, takes it most
Big final calibration result of the difference as the Electronic calliper gauge error of indication（Such as table 3）.
3 Electronic calliper gauge calibration data tabulating unit of table：mm
For adjustable Electronic calliper gauge, various forms of standard components can be utilized as needed, and school is carried out to its corresponding size point
Standard, to obtain the error of indication of each point as stated above.Such as：Calibrate adjustable Electronic calliper gauge LA、LBThe indicating value of two sizes
Error can select two single standard parts of corresponding size（Such as Fig. 2）, a group with corresponding two kinds of sizes also can be selected
Standardization part（Such as Fig. 3）, two sizes are calibrated respectively obtains error of indication eAi、eBi, 5 duplicate measurements are also carried out respectively takes it
Measured value e of the maximum value as the corresponding size error of indicationA、eB, the limits of error as defined in table 2 are not to be exceeded i.e. in value
It can.To for single size measure can not mode Electronic calliper gauge, can directly be carried out as after Measurement Result e
It is subsequent to meet sex determination work；And to the adjustable Electronic calliper gauge for multi-dimension measurement, difference can be utilized as needed
The standard component of form calibrates its corresponding size point, to obtain the error of indication of each point, only each point as stated above
The error of indication be satisfied by requirement, can just make Electronic calliper gauge qualification determination.
3. calliper proofreads the calibration of part：For the subsidiary check and correction part of Electronic calliper gauge, four equivalent can be used on length measuring apparatus
Block measures calibration with comparison method, and specific collimation technique requires to be shown in Table 4, and when calibration uses the specification to be for 0-100mm, scale division value
The horizontal metroscope of 1 μm and 0.3 μm of uncertainty, while it is 0.5-100mm and 0.20 μm+2 × 10 of uncertainty to select specification-6L's
Four equal gauge blocks, in temperature（20±2）DEG C, the indoor progress of relative humidity 45%~75%.It is more than the check and correction part of 100mm for size
It is calibrated with gauging machine dosage block.
Table 4 calibrates Electronic calliper gauge check and correction part technology requirement
When being calibrated to check and correction part, first waits standard gauge blocks to be combined into the nominal upper limit size of check and correction part with four, be placed on and meet
It is required that horizontal metroscope on gauge block assembled dimension data d is read between two gauge headsb, then remove gauge block and put the part high limit of size is proofreaded
It sets between two gauge head of horizontal metroscope, reads the high limit of size and read d1, the difference read twice is to proofread part high limit of size single to survey
The error of indication e of amount1；At least equally accurate duplicate measurements three times, obtained d are carried out by same programi（I values 1,2,3）Subtract respectively
Remove db, obtain the error of indication e measured three times1、e2、e3, according to formula【3】Take measurement result average value e three timespAs on check and correction part
Limit size error of indication calibration result；With same method to the lower limit d of check and correction part2It is calibrated, takes it to be repeated several times and survey
The average value of amount is as its lower limit error of indication calibration result.A calliper school of onsite application is chosen in the following experiments
To part, its high limit of size 45.017 and lower limit 45.001 are calibrated respectively, it is inferior that each project carries out at least 3
Precision measure takes its average value epAs check and correction part error of indication calibration result（Refer to the following table 5）, it can be seen that check and correction part indicating value
Error meets technology requirement.
Table 5 proofreads the calibration experiments data summarization unit of part：mm
4. calibration method uncertainty evaluation：It is uncertain that the measurement introduced in Electronic calliper gauge calibration process is analyzed according to front
Degree influences to be mainly derived from six aspects, and each component is：u（li）、u（δαi）、u（δti）、u（lb）、u（δαb）、u（δtb）；From
And according to formula【4】Obtain combined standard uncertainty uc, according to formula【5】Obtain extension uncertainty of measurement U；Usually take shadow
Coefficient k=2 are rung, according to U=k.ucFormula obtains Electronic calliper gauge error of indication value；Pass through the 1# Electronic calliper gauges calibration to above-mentioned table 3
Experimental analysis obtains various partial uncertainties, and u is calculatedc=1.3 μm, to U=2.6 μm.
5. Electronic calliper gauge meets sex determination：The accordance of Electronic calliper gauge is judged according to using to be actually needed, following table
6 be according to the precision and the error of indication of the Electronic calliper gauge in all kinds of uses evaluate require, proposition in two different ranges
The judgment basis of error of indication calibration result, as the reference that can judgement Electronic calliper gauge be continuing with, as long as meeting corresponding
Technology require can just obtain the qualified or not conclusion of Electronic calliper gauge.
6 Electronic calliper gauge error of indication accordance decision table of table
Usually when the ratio very little of uncertainty of measurement and the limits of error is as U/M≤1/4, U is negligible, electricity
Judgement is qualified when the electronic caliper error of indication is less than limits of error value.From above-mentioned analyzing examples, nominally 1# Electronic calliper gauges,
Lower limit is respectively 125.988mm and 125.948mm, and the difference of the two is T=0.04mm, and error of indication maximum permissible value is set
Determining T/10 is:M=4 μm, and U=2.6 μm it is thus impossible to meet the requirements of U/M≤1/4, therefore meet sex determination in Electronic calliper gauge
When, it is necessary to consider the influence of uncertainty of measurement；It generally requires further to consider the measurement of the error of indication not in actual operation
Accurately judged after degree of certainty, as the error of indication e absolute value E of Electronic calliper gauge, it is absolute to be less than or equal to the limits of error
When the difference of value Μ and the expanded uncertainty U of the error of indication, that is, E≤Μ-U are formulated as, just can determine that calliper qualification
（Such as the lower half region of Fig. 4）；Electronic calliper gauge error of indication E=1.0 μm it is found that after calibrated, i.e. E are calculated from the analysis of table 3
≤ 4-2.6=1.4 μm, you can judge Electronic calliper gauge qualification；With should Electronic calliper gauge error of indication absolute value E, be more than maximum
When allowable error absolute value Μ and the sum of the expanded uncertainty U of the error of indication, it can be formulated as：E ＞ Μ+U, can just sentence
The fixed calliper is unqualified（Such as the upper half area of Fig. 4）；It is calculated from the analyzing examples of above-mentioned uncertainty of measurement, if after calibration
Electronic calliper gauge 6.6 μm of error of indication E ＞, just can determine that the Electronic calliper gauge is unqualified；Under special circumstances, work as electronic card
The error of indication of rule can neither be determined as qualification according to E≤Μ-U, when can not be determined as unqualified according to E ＞ Μ+U, this
Shi Buneng makes qualified or not judgement（Such as the intermediate region of Fig. 4）, the standard component of higher precision should be selected further to calibrate；From
If the analysis of above-mentioned example it is known that the Electronic calliper gauge error of indication E values after calibrated between 1.4~6.6 μm, i.e., 1.4 μm
It is necessary to qualified or not judgement could be made to Electronic calliper gauge after carrying out the calibration of greater degree when 6.6 μm of ＜ E ＜.
Claims (1)
1. calibration and the assessment method of a kind of Electronic calliper gauge, it is characterised in that：
1）Calibration standard part designs：The calibration standard part of Electronic calliper gauge, hereinafter referred to as standard component are calibrated, is high-precision
Cylinder, design parameter determine according to the Electronic calliper gauge size and precision that are calibrated, standard component major diameter, path size and quilt
The upper limit and the lower limit for calibrating calliper are consistent, that is, separately design as Φ D and Φ D-T, T be Electronic calliper gauge bound size it
Difference, standard component dimensional accuracy press 1/4 design less than or equal to Electronic calliper gauge resolving power, Form and position error and surface quality and ruler
Very little precision should match, and standard component precision limit value and associated specifications are given in table 1：
1 Electronic calliper gauge standard component design requirement of table
Standard component design type can be divided into two kinds：Single standard part and combined type standard component, are greater than or equal to nominal size
The Electronic calliper gauge of 100mm, standard component should be designed as single standard part, i.e., a standard component is just for a kind of school of Electronic calliper gauge
Standard, in addition to Upper-lower Limit size Φ D and the Φ D-T of design standard part, while it is nominal with Electronic calliper gauge to design face size L
Size is identical, is used as assisted calibration, and for inductance type and condenser type calliper, standard component precision is respectively 0.5~0.7 μm
And 1.5~2.0 μm, design standard part should all reach the technology requirement of the corresponding Electronic calliper gauge of calibration；And nominal size is less than
The calliper of 100mm, standard component can Group Design, that is, be designed as the different standard round column combination of two groups of nominal sizes into a group
Box-like standard component, corresponding two kinds of different Electronic calliper gauges or a kind of calibration of adjustable Electronic calliper gauge；For inductance type or condenser type
The precision of Electronic calliper gauge, a combination thereof formula standard component is respectively 0.5 μm and 1.5 μm, and single standard component size is respectively Φ D, Φ
D-T or Φ d, Φ d-T correspond to the upper limit and lower limit of each standard component；Under special circumstances, such as it is less than for size
The adjustable electric electronic caliper of 50mm can be designed to a combined standard part of two or more different dimension combinations, corresponding calliper
The calibration of a variety of various sizes of upper lower limit values；Standard component after the completion of manufacture is using the preceding indicating value for coping with its each section of size
Error is calibrated, and to determine the upper and lower limit size and face size of standard component diameter, specific calibration method can be on gauging machine
Four equal gauge blocks are used to be measured with comparison method, to ensure that standard component precision meets technology requirement；
2）The calibration of Electronic calliper gauge：Using satisfactory standard component, using comparing the method for measurement to Electronic calliper gauge indicating value
The calibration that error is implemented；It is no less than 2 hours by the time of school Electronic calliper gauge equilibrium temperature indoors before calibration, controls office work
Temperature makes calliper elastic element and claw deformation stablize in 20 ± 2 DEG C and relative humidity 45%~75%, designed by calliper calibration
Standard component complete processing after should be calibrated to determine the magnitude of standard component；Two kinds are compared the measurement calibration calliper error of indication
Method is as follows：One is the lower limits that Electronic calliper gauge is first stuck in standard component to make digital display meter zero setting, then calliper is stuck in standard
The high limit of size of part, reads from digital display meter, and reading value is subtracted the single that standard component high limit of size actual value is the calliper
The error of indication is measured, is formulated as follows：
ei = li-l 【1】
In formula：ei--- high limit of size error of indication ith measures the single error of indication；
li--- ith measures the indicating value of calliper high limit of size record；
L --- calibrating device upper limit actual size, typically nominal value；
Another method is first Electronic calliper gauge to be stuck on the nominal size L of standard component to zero, then calliper is stuck in standard
The upper and lower bound size of part, reads respectively from digital display device, and it is practical that standard component upper and lower limit size is individually subtracted in reading value
Value is the upper and lower size single measurement error of indication e of the calliperi； eiIt still can be by formula【1】It calculates, only shows in calibration lower limit
When being worth error, l in formulaiThe indicating value of calliper lower limit record is measured for ith, and l is calibrating device lower limit actual size；
Above-mentioned calibration method single measurement repeats 5 times, obtains eI,That is e1、e2、e3、e4、e5In, take eiMiddle maximum absolute value
As the calibration result e of the corresponding size error of indication, expression formula is as follows：
E=Max { ei}=Max { e1, e2, e3, e4, e5}【2】
The following table 2 is the precision and requirement according to all kinds of Electronic calliper gauges, and the error of indication limit value requirement of proposition, wherein T is quilt
The tolerance for surveying workpiece size, may generally be the difference of the upper and lower limit size of selected Electronic calliper gauge；Usual Electronic calliper gauge meets
This technology requires just to can guarantee the accuracy of its detection data, therefore regulation is not to be exceeded in calliper error of indication calibration result e
Error of indication permissible value；
2 Electronic calliper gauge error of indication permissible value of table
3）The calibration of calliper check and correction part：Its subsidiary check and correction part is also coped with after being calibrated to Electronic calliper gauge implements calibration, with
Meet the check and correction of calliper scene and verify needs, it is ensured that Electronic calliper gauge is in the state of the art of accurate stable；Calibrate Electronic calliper gauge school
It for 0-100mm, scale division value is 1 μm and the horizontal metroscope of 0.3 μm of uncertainty to use specification to the calibration of part, while selecting the specification to be
0.20 μm+2 × 10 of 0.5-100mm and uncertainty-6The equal gauge blocks of the four of L, in temperature（20±2）DEG C, relative humidity 45%~75%
Indoor progress；Check and correction part for size more than 100mm is calibrated with gauging machine dosage block；Check and correction part is calibrated
When, it is first combined into the nominal upper limit size of check and correction part with four equal gauge blocks, is placed on satisfactory horizontal metroscope and reads combined amount
Block actual value lb, then remove gauge block and the check and correction part high limit of size be placed on reading high limit of size data l on horizontal metroscope1, with reference to public
Formula【1】The difference read twice is to proofread the error of indication e of part high limit of size single measurement1；At least three are carried out by same program
Secondary equally accurate duplicate measurements, obtained lI,That is l1、l2、l3, l is individually subtractedb, obtain the error of indication e measured three times1、e2、e3, take three
Secondary measurement result average value epAs check and correction part high limit of size error of indication calibration result, i.e.,：
ep =Σei/3 =Σ（li- lb）/3 【3】
L in formulabFor gauge block assembled dimension；I values are respectively 1,2,3；
With same method to proofread part lower limit calibrate, take its at least three times the average value of duplicate measurements as under it
Size error of indication calibration result is limited, above method is equally applicable to the calibration of standard component；Check and correction part after calibration should be weighed
New assignment uses calibration result actual value to substitute the upper and lower limit nominal value of former check and correction part, used to ensure to be verified with its check and correction
In Electronic calliper gauge when accuracy；Check and correction part after being calibrated when meeting correlated condition can also be used for the mating calliper error of indication
Calibration；
4）Electronic calliper gauge meets sex determination：Generally go through measured value e and its phase that the Electronic calliper gauge after calibration provides the error of indication
The uncertainty of measurement U answered；It needs to analyze the main source that Electronic calliper gauge calibration process uncertainty of measurement influences, it is each according to it
Numerical formula composite calulation expanded uncertainty U；It needs to evaluate the error of indication accordance of Electronic calliper gauge according to using,
As the ratio U/M≤1/4 of uncertainty of measurement U and limits of error M, U is negligible, and the error of indication is less than most
It can determine that Electronic calliper gauge qualification when big allowable error value；As U/M ＞ 1/4, need to examine when meeting sex determination in Electronic calliper gauge
Accurately judged after considering the uncertainty of measurement of the error of indication；The following table 3 is the precision according to the Electronic calliper gauge in all kinds of uses
And error of indication evaluation requires, and proposes the determination method of the error of indication calibration result in two different ranges, as long as meeting
Can these technologies require just obtain the qualified or not conclusion of Electronic calliper gauge, to be continuing with as evaluation Electronic calliper gauge
Reference frame；As absolute value E≤Μ-U of error of indication calibration result e, Electronic calliper gauge judgement is qualified, and works as E ＞ Μ+U
When calliper be it is unqualified；E is in（Μ-U）~（Μ+U）Between region undetermined when, should use greater degree standard component
It is further determined after being calibrated；It, can be in analyzing evaluation due to being the calibration of more size points for adjustable electric electronic caliper
The evaluation conclusion for providing corresponding each size point single value can also provide the evaluation conclusion of Electronic calliper gauge, and there was only the electronic card
The error of indication for advising each size point meets the requirements, and can obtain the conclusion of Electronic calliper gauge overall acceptability；
3 Electronic calliper gauge error of indication accordance decision table of table
。
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