CN108413367B - A kind of supercritical water and fuse salt heat exchanger apparatus - Google Patents
A kind of supercritical water and fuse salt heat exchanger apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN108413367B CN108413367B CN201810232294.9A CN201810232294A CN108413367B CN 108413367 B CN108413367 B CN 108413367B CN 201810232294 A CN201810232294 A CN 201810232294A CN 108413367 B CN108413367 B CN 108413367B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/06—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being molten; Use of molten metal, e.g. zinc, as heat transfer medium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/003—Feed-water heater systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger apparatus, including water tank, supercritical pressure feed pump, supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger and feed-water preheating furnace.Supercritical pressure feed pump is arranged between water tank and feed water preheater, and supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger is arranged in after feed water preheater, and water tank and supercritical pressure feed pump pass through stainless steel piping connection.Water tank, feed water preheater, supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger are sequentially connected with by stainless steel pipeline, and supercritical pressure feed pump and electrically operated valve are connected between water tank and feed water preheater.Supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger is double pipe heat exchanger, and the working medium of internal pipeline flowing is the water under supercriticality, and the working medium flowed in the annular channel formed between outer sleeve and internal pipeline is high-temperature fusion salt.Finned tube has been longitudinally arranged in annular channel.Anti-condensation tracing system is disposed on external pipe.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger apparatus.
Background technique
First generation solar energy thermal-power-generating technology uses cryogenic media conduction oil, and second generation solar energy thermal-power-generating technology uses high
Warm medium fuse salt, third generation solar energy thermal-power-generating technology use hot-air as a heat transfer medium.Solar heat power generation system has
Slot type and tower-type electricity generation system.The temperature for improving heat transfer medium has apparent effect to the optimization of entire electricity generation system efficiency.
Fuse salt has many advantages, such as that thermal capacity is big as the heat-absorbing medium of solar energy thermal-power-generating heat-absorption device, and heat absorption is without phase-change.
And the thermal efficiency of Turbo-generator Set can be improved in the water vapour of supercriticality.So supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger is
Crucial component devices using fuse salt as the vapo(u)rization system of heat-absorbing medium.
Existing fused salt heat exchanging device is mostly coil heat exchanger, and coil heat exchanger has some shortcomings, such as coil pipe is in shell
It can not be evenly distributed, will lead to fused salt and water heat exchange area is uneven, lead to different parts heat exchange deviation, form larger temperature ladder
Degree causes to overheat or be subcooled, damages heat exchanger, influences heat exchanger safe operation.Patent CN103591691A is a kind of combustion gas heat
The heat-exchanger rig of hydrophone, including combustion chamber, heat exchanger, water inlet pipe, outlet pipe.The top of heat exchanger setting in the combustion chamber,
Water inlet pipe and outlet pipe are connected to heat exchanger respectively, and heat exchanger is made of heat absorbing sheet and coil pipe, and combustion chamber is welded by metal plate
It connects and is made.Major defect is that the small heat exchange efficiency of heat exchange area is low, heating speed is slow, heating is uneven, the easy fouling blockage of coil pipe, is made
It is short with the service life.It leaves some room for improvement for supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger.
Summary of the invention
Mesh of the invention is the shortcomings that overcoming existing supercritical water-fuse salt exchanger heat low efficiency, poor safety performance,
It is proposed a kind of supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger apparatus.The present invention improves the pressure of water using high-pressure hydraulic pump, reaches overcritical pressure
Power preheats the water supply under supercritical pressure using natural gas feed-water preheating furnace, in double-tube heat exchanger, most using high-temperature fusion salt
Heating water supply eventually, obtains supercritical water steam.The present invention is a kind of device of supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger.
Apparatus of the present invention include that water tank, supercritical pressure feed pump, electrically operated valve, feed water preheater and supercritical water-are molten
Melt salt heat exchanger.The arrangement of all parts is as follows:
Along Water flow-path is given, supercritical pressure feed pump is arranged between water tank and electrically operated valve, and supercritical water-fuse salt changes
Hot device is arranged in after feed water preheater, and water tank and high-pressure hydraulic pump pass through stainless steel piping connection, water tank and stainless steel pipeline
Bottommost of the connecting portion in water tank.Water tank, high pressure water pump, electrically operated valve, natural gas feed water preheater, supercritical water-are molten
Melt salt heat exchanger to be sequentially connected with by stainless steel pipeline with this, being linked in sequence between water tank and feed water preheater has super face
Boundary's pressure feed water pump and electrically operated valve.It is disposed on supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger fused salt side-entrance pipeline for heating
Other heat sources of fused salt are arranged on supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger fused salt side-entrance pipeline.
Supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger is the heat exchanger of bushing type, and internal structure is divided into internal pipeline and outer sleeve
Two parts, outer sleeve are sleeved on internal pipeline periphery.The working medium flowed in internal pipeline is the water under supercriticality.It is external
The working medium flowed in the annular channel formed between casing and internal pipeline is high-temperature fusion salt, by flowing between inside and outside pipeline
High-temperature fusion salt the water in internal duct is heated to supercriticality.Internal pipeline outer periphery pipeline is longitudinally equipped with fin,
It is connected by fin with outer sleeve.Internal pipeline and external pipe are made of high-temperature alloy steel, and fin is high-strength using aluminium arsenic
Brass production is spent, to improve exchange capability of heat of the fused salt in annular channel.Supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger external structure is by more
Root double-tube heat exchanger composes in parallel, and can increase the flow area of water supply, effectively reduces the flow resistance of water, is rapidly injected water
In pipeline.Casing interlayer is the runner of fuse salt flowing, and the direction of fuse salt flowing and water phase are same, longitudinal using fin segmentation stream
Road, it is therefore an objective to make fuse salt exchange heat to the maximum extent with water, the temperature of water is improved using high-temperature fusion salt, reaches supercritical water
The temperature of steam.
A kind of supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger apparatus of the present invention, using natural gas as the heat source of feed-water preheating furnace.Water
The water supply of case outlet is preheated by feed-water preheating furnace, is passed through using the high-temperature fusion salt that high-power heating rod heats overcritical
Water-fuse salt heat exchanger, the water supply after heating preheating, obtains the superheated steam of qualified quality.
In order to avoid due to heat exchange and temperature constantly declines so that fuse salt frozen plug is in installing pipes, the present invention increases
The anti-condensation tracing system of pipeline is added.Three sets of anti-condensation tracing systems be arranged in electrically operated valve and natural gas feed water preheater it
Between stainless steel pipeline on the outside of, outside the stainless steel pipeline between natural gas feed water preheater and supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger
The outside of side and the outer pipeline of supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger.Anti-condensation tracing system is electrically operated valve and natural gas feed-water preheating
Between device, natural gas feed water preheater and supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger and outside the outer pipeline of supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger
The electric tracing of side.Anti-condensation tracing system is connect with electric tracing control circuit, and electric tracing control circuit controls anti-condensation tracing system
Temperature.
The anti-condensation tracing system is made of nickel-cadmium resistance wire housing refractory ceramics ring, operating temperature 600
DEG C or so.Refractory ceramics has the characteristics that thermal radiation absorption rate height, high temperature resistant, surface area are big, nichrome resistance wire inserted with
In certain thickness refractory ceramics ring, refractory ceramics ring, which absorbs nichrome resistance wire hyperthermia radiation, can obtain high temperature, so that this
The connecting pipe of invention device obtains high temperature, guarantees that fuse salt temperature more than its freezing point, enables fuse salt in pipeline
In normally circulate.
Electric tracing control circuit is using thermocouple as sensor, and PLC industrial control unit (ICU) is as temperature controller.It is overcritical
Thermocouple that thermometric is used is disposed in the outside wall surface of water-fuse salt heat exchange inlet ductwork as the sensor of temperature controller.Heat
The actual temperature that galvanic couple detects is made comparisons with the set temperature that PLC industrial control unit (ICU) provides, when temperature is lower than given setting
When value, temperature controller provide signal control by Group of Silicon Controlled Rectifier at pressure regulator.When actual temperature value and given temperature value
When difference is larger, the voltage value of temperature controller output is just big, controls the voltage value of the silicon-controlled angle of flow with regard to big, the electricity of output
Pressure value is bigger, and the power of such heater output is bigger, and temperature is raised faster.When actual temperature value and PLC work
When the set temperature value difference that industry controller provides becomes smaller, the voltage value of temperature controller output just becomes smaller, and controls silicon-controlled
The voltage value of the angle of flow becomes smaller therewith, and the power of such heater output just becomes smaller, and the raised speed of temperature just becomes smaller.Work as reality
Temperature value and the set temperature value difference that provides of PLC industrial control unit (ICU) when being zero, the voltage value of temperature controller output therewith
It just becomes zero, the voltage value for controlling the silicon-controlled angle of flow becomes zero, and the power of such heater output just becomes zero, and temperature is just
No longer increase.The process entirely adjusted is PID adjustment process.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger apparatus schematic diagram of Fig. 1 present invention；
Fig. 2 supercritical water of the present invention-fuse salt heat exchanger structure figure；
Fig. 3 critical of the present invention-fuse salt heat exchanger double-tube heat exchanger structure chart；
The structure chart of the anti-condensation tracing system of Fig. 4 present invention；
The control principle drawing of the anti-condensation tracing system of Fig. 5 present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger apparatus of the present invention includes supercritical pressure feed pump, water
Case, feed water preheater and supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger.The arrangement of all parts is as follows: Water flow-path is given on edge, overcritical
Pressure feed water pump be arranged between water tank and feed water preheater, supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger be arranged in feed water preheater it
Afterwards.Water tank and high-pressure hydraulic pump are by stainless steel piping connection, the bottommost of the connecting portion of water tank and stainless steel pipeline in water tank.
Water tank, feed water preheater, supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger are successively linked in sequence by stainless steel pipeline, and water tank and water supply are pre-
Being linked in sequence between hot device has supercritical pressure feed pump and electrically operated valve.Supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger fused salt side into
Other heat sources for heating fused salt are disposed on mouth pipeline.
Supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger is double pipe heat exchanger, and double pipe heat exchanger is sandwich, outer cover pipe sleeve
Mounted in internal pipeline periphery.The working medium of internal pipeline flowing is the water under supercriticality, between outer sleeve and internal pipeline
The working medium flowed in the annular channel of formation is high-temperature fusion salt, by the high-temperature fusion salt that flows between inside and outside pipeline internal
Water in pipeline is heated to supercriticality.Internal pipeline outer periphery pipeline is longitudinally equipped with fin, passes through fin and outer sleeve
It is connected.Internal pipeline and external pipe are made of high-temperature alloy steel, and fin is made of albrac, molten to improve
Exchange capability of heat of the salt in annular channel.
Three sets of anti-condensation tracing systems are arranged in outside the stainless steel tube between electrically operated valve and natural gas feed water preheater
On the outside of stainless steel tube between side, natural gas feed water preheater and supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger and supercritical water-is molten
Melt the outside of the outer pipeline of salt heat exchanger.Temperature thermocouple is arranged in supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchange inlet ductwork outside wall surface, is led to
Excess temperature controller controls anti-condensation tracing system.
A kind of supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger apparatus of the present invention, using natural gas as the heat source of feed-water preheating furnace.Water
The water supply of case outlet is preheated by feed-water preheating furnace, is passed through using the high-temperature molten salt that high-power heating rod heats overcritical
Water-fuse salt heat exchanger, the water supply after heating preheating, obtains the superheated steam of qualified quality.
As shown in Fig. 2, supercritical water of the present invention-fuse salt heat exchanger embodiments are composed in parallel by more double-tube heat exchangers,
Using U-shaped connection, the flow area of water supply can be increased in this way, the flow resistance of water is effectively reduced, water is made to be rapidly injected pipeline
In.The direction of fuse salt flowing is identical as the flow direction of water, is downstream heat transfer.Supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger inner and outer sleeves
Interlayer between pipe is fuse salt runner, and the runner of fuse salt is longitudinally split using finned tube.This structure can make fuse salt
It can exchange heat to greatest extent with the supercritical water in inner tube, the temperature of water is improved using high-temperature fusion salt.
As shown in figure 3, critical of the invention-fuse salt heat exchanger is sleeve type structure, 2 He of duct wall of internal pipeline
Space between the inner wall 1 of external pipe is fuse salt runner 4, the duct wall 2 of internal pipeline and the inner wall of the pipe 1 of external pipe
Between be to be longitudinally arranged fin 3, fin 3 be tubular type.Finned tube can make the heat of fused salt and water carry out heat to the maximum extent
Exchange.The fuse salt runner of more casings concatenates connection, and fuse salt successively flows in annular channel from the bottom up.
Water tank is connected on the front pipeline of overcritical booster, provides water supply for overcritical booster.Natural gas water supply
After preheater is located at overcritical booster, for preheating the water supply after overcritical booster.Supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger cloth
Set after feed water preheater, for heat preheating after water supply, it is required that qualified quality water vapour.Between each equipment
It is connected with pipeline, and there are the pipe fittings such as valve to be controlled.
When work, first by the deionized water of water tank injection half or so.It is to avoid tying in pipeline with the effect of deionized water
Scale blocks pipeline.It opens high-pressure hydraulic pump and water is pressurized to supercritical pressure or more, water flows into feed water preheater, electrically operated valve
Aperture can be adjusted according to the flow velocity of water, pressure in natural gas feed water preheater.If the flow velocity and pressure of water are excessive, can
Control signal is provided by PLC, the aperture for controlling electrically operated valve becomes smaller, and reduces its flow velocity and pressure, if instead the stream of water
Speed and pressure are too small, then control electrically operated valve aperture and become larger, to increase the pressure and flow velocity of water.Feed water preheater is using naturally
Gas is heat source.Supercritical water after preliminary heating enters supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger and is further heated, the heat exchanger
Using the high-temperature fusion salt heated through other heat sources as heat source heating supercritical water.Water supply becomes full after two-step heating
The qualified steam required enough.
Feed-water preheating furnace burning natural gas, Flame of Natural Gas directly heat feedwater piping, preheat water supply.Use it
Its heat source heating melting salt, obtains high-temperature fusion salt.High temperature melting in supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger, in interlayer runner
Melt the water supply in salt heating inner tube, obtains satisfactory supercritical water steam.
To avoid fuse salt since temperature reduces frozen plug in the duct, the present invention increases the anti-condensation heat tracing system of pipeline
System, on the outside of the stainless steel pipes between electrically operated valve and feed water preheater, feed water preheater and supercritical water-fuse salt exchange heat
On the outside of stainless steel pipes between the device and outside of the outer pipeline of supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger makes added with electric tracer heating system
Pipeline is kept for 350 DEG C or more, and fuse salt is avoided to solidify in the duct.
As shown in figure 4, the heater element of anti-condensation tracing system uses nickel-cadmium resistance wire, housing refractory ceramics.It is anti-
Solidifying tracing system is that the electric tracing of electrically operated valve and natural gas feed water preheater and natural gas feed water preheater are melted with supercritical water-
Melt between salt heat exchanger and the electric tracing in the outside of the outer pipeline of supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger.The anti-condensation tracing system
It is made of nickel-cadmium resistance wire housing refractory ceramics ring, nichrome resistance wire operating temperature is 600 DEG C or so.Nickel chromium triangle closes
Golden resistance wire is inserted in certain thickness refractory ceramics ring.After energization, resistance wire fever utilizes refractory ceramics thermal radiation absorption rate
The big feature of height, high temperature resistant, surface area, high temperature can be obtained by absorbing nichrome resistance wire hyperthermia radiation, so that supercritical water-is molten
Melt salt heat exchanger and connecting pipe keeps high temperature, fuse salt is normally run in the duct.
As shown in figure 5, electric tracing control circuit of the present invention, using thermocouple as sensor, PLC industrial control unit (ICU) is as temperature
Spend controller.Electric tracing control circuit will test actual temperature makes comparisons with the set temperature that PLC industrial control unit (ICU) provides,
When temperature is lower than given setting value, PLC industrial control unit (ICU) provide signal control by Group of Silicon Controlled Rectifier at pressure regulator, work as reality
When the difference of temperature value and given temperature value is larger, the voltage value of PLC industrial control unit (ICU) output is just big, controls silicon-controlled lead
For the voltage value of current flow angle with regard to big, the voltage value of output is bigger, and the power of such heater output is bigger, and temperature increases more
Fastly.When the set temperature value difference that actual temperature value and PLC industrial control unit (ICU) provide becomes smaller, the electricity of temperature controller output
Pressure value just becomes smaller, and the voltage value for controlling the silicon-controlled angle of flow becomes smaller therewith, and the power of such heater output just becomes smaller, temperature
Raised speed just becomes smaller.When the set temperature value difference that actual temperature value and PLC industrial control unit (ICU) provide is zero, therewith
The voltage value of temperature controller output just becomes zero, and the voltage value for controlling the silicon-controlled angle of flow becomes zero, and such heater is defeated
Power out just becomes zero, and temperature no longer increases.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger apparatus, which is characterized in that the device includes supercritical pressure water supply
Pump, water tank, natural gas feed water preheater and supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger；Supercritical pressure feed pump be arranged in water tank and
Between natural gas feed water preheater, supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger is arranged in after natural gas feed water preheater, water tank and super
Critical pressure feed pump is by stainless steel piping connection, the bottommost of the connecting portion of water tank and stainless steel pipeline in water tank；Water
Case, natural gas feed water preheater, supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger are sequentially connected with by stainless steel pipeline, in water tank and
Being linked in sequence between natural gas feed water preheater has supercritical pressure feed pump and electrically operated valve；It is changed in supercritical water-fuse salt
Other heat sources for heating fused salt are disposed on hot device fused salt side-entrance pipeline；
The supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger is sleeve type structure, the duct wall (2) of internal pipeline and external pipe
Space between inner wall (1) is fuse salt runner (4), is indulged between the duct wall (2) of internal pipeline and the inner wall (1) of external pipe
To being disposed with fin (3), fin (3) is tubular type；The fuse salt runner of more casings concatenates connection, and fuse salt is from the bottom up successively
Flowing in the fuse salt runner (4) formed between external pipe and internal pipeline；The working medium flowed in internal pipeline is super face
Water under boundary's state heats the water in internal pipeline by the fuse salt of the high temperature flowed between internal pipeline and external pipe
To supercriticality；
Three sets of anti-condensation tracing systems are arranged on the outside of the stainless steel pipeline between electrically operated valve and natural gas feed water preheater,
Stainless steel pipeline outside and supercritical water-fuse salt between natural gas feed water preheater and supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger
The outside of heat exchanger exterior line；Anti-condensation tracing system is connect with electric tracing control circuit, and the control of electric tracing control circuit is anti-condensation
The temperature of tracing system；Using thermocouple as sensor, PLC industrial control unit (ICU) controls electric tracing control circuit as temperature
Device；Thermocouple is arranged in supercritical water-fuse salt heat exchanger inlet ductwork outside wall surface.
2. supercritical water as described in claim 1-fuse salt heat exchanger apparatus, which is characterized in that the anti-condensation heat tracing system
System is made of nickel-cadmium resistance wire housing refractory ceramics ring.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810232294.9A CN108413367B (en) | 2018-03-21 | 2018-03-21 | A kind of supercritical water and fuse salt heat exchanger apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810232294.9A CN108413367B (en) | 2018-03-21 | 2018-03-21 | A kind of supercritical water and fuse salt heat exchanger apparatus |
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| CN108413367A CN108413367A (en) | 2018-08-17 |
| CN108413367B true CN108413367B (en) | 2019-10-29 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| NO337357B1 (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2016-03-29 | Nest As | Plant for energy production |
| CN103742373B (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2016-06-22 | 青海中控太阳能发电有限公司 | A kind of tower type solar energy thermal power generation station adopting supercritical water heat extractor and fused salt accumulation of heat |
| CN205506728U (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-08-24 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | Fused salt heat transfer characteristic test platform |
| CN106014891B (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2018-10-23 | 东南大学 | A kind of groove type solar association circulating power generation system |
| US20170297941A1 (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-10-19 | Xi'an Jiaotong University | Indirect heat transfer supercritical water oxidation system and control method thereof |
| CN107401488A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-11-28 | 武汉凯迪工程技术研究总院有限公司 | All-weather solar electricity-generating method and system based on whole operation with pressure |
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