CN108405864B - Direct-writing type metal three-dimensional printing forming method based on induction melting - Google Patents
Direct-writing type metal three-dimensional printing forming method based on induction melting Download PDFInfo
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- CN108405864B CN108405864B CN201810414290.2A CN201810414290A CN108405864B CN 108405864 B CN108405864 B CN 108405864B CN 201810414290 A CN201810414290 A CN 201810414290A CN 108405864 B CN108405864 B CN 108405864B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/115—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by spraying molten metal, i.e. spray sintering, spray casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/003—Apparatus, e.g. furnaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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Abstract
The invention provides a direct-writing type metal three-dimensional printing forming method based on induction melting, which comprises the following steps: preparing a CAD data file of a three-dimensional printing forming part, a forming substrate, metal powder and a direct-writing induction melting forming nozzle; filling the internal vector lines of the closed outline graph of each layer of slices; controlling to open a spray valve corresponding to the current slice so that metal powder flows out through an internal powder feeding channel, and then the metal powder is rapidly heated and melted through an induction coil to form metal liquid drops which then nearly vertically impact the current molding surface of the molding substrate; and (3) relatively displacing the direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle and the forming substrate along the track of the internal filling vector line segment to form a continuous forming line segment consistent with the internal filling vector line segment, and superposing layer by layer to complete forming. The invention utilizes the relative movement of the nozzle and the forming substrate to form, the forming size is not limited, the precise forming of large-size parts can be realized, and the invention is flexible and convenient and has high degree of freedom.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to a direct-writing type metal three-dimensional printing forming method based on induction melting.
Background
The 3D printing (additive manufacturing) technology is actually a general term for a series of rapid prototyping technologies of parts, and the basic principle thereof is lamination manufacturing, in which a rapid prototyping machine forms the cross-sectional shape of a workpiece in an X-Y plane by scanning, and performs displacement of the slice thickness intermittently at the Z coordinate, thereby finally forming a three-dimensional part. The rapid prototyping technologies in the market at present are classified into a 3DP technology, an FDM fused laminated prototyping technology, an SLA three-dimensional lithography technology, SLS selective laser sintering, a DLP laser prototyping technology, a UV ultraviolet ray prototyping technology, and the like.
Since the melting point of metal is very high, a laser beam or an electron beam with high energy density is required as a heat source for a 3D printing molding technique for a metal material. With the development of science and technology and the demand of popularization and application, the direct manufacturing of metal parts by using laser additive manufacturing is more and more concerned by people. Laser additive manufacturing can be divided into the following three rapid prototyping methods: a direct metal deposition technique; selecting a laser sintering technology; and thirdly, selecting a laser melting technology.
The direct metal deposition technology is a rapid forming technology which utilizes the general rapid forming idea, adopts high-power laser to melt metal powder which is synchronously supplied, and utilizes a special nozzle to stack layer by layer on a deposition substrate to form a metal part. The essence of the direct metal deposition technology is that the three-dimensional accumulation forming of metal melt is controlled by a computer, the most serious process problem is that the cracking tendency of a laser cladding layer is obvious, and the existence of cracks can greatly reduce the compactness of a laser cladding part.
The selective laser sintering technology adopts laser beams to selectively sinter solid powder layer by layer, the laser beams move layer by layer row by line in the sintering process to carry out regional scanning, and the sintered and formed solidified layers are overlapped layer by layer to generate parts with required shapes, and the whole process comprises the steps of CAD model establishment, data processing, powder laying, sintering, post-processing and the like. In the selective laser sintering technology, in the iron powder sintering process, because the temperature of laser beams acting on powder is higher and the energy is higher, the layering of a sintering layer is easy to occur in the forming process, and thus, a spheroidization phenomenon and larger cracks are formed.
The working principle of the selective laser melting technology is similar to that of the selective laser sintering technology, and the difference is that the selective laser sintering technology is applied to powder, the powder is not completely melted, and a required forming piece is prepared in a semi-melting state. When the selective laser melting technology is applied to the powder, the powder is completely melted and solidified, so that the forming quality of a formed part is remarkably improved compared with a formed part prepared by the selective laser sintering technology.
The main principles of induction melting are faraday's law of electromagnetic induction and the joule-lenz's law of thermal effects of current. When heating starts, the induction coil is supplied with an alternating current, which excites an alternating magnetic field in its surrounding space and inside the conductor, so that an induced current is generated in the material arranged in the center of the magnetic field, and when these currents flow in a closed circuit, the free electrons overcome various resistances. Thus, a portion of the electrical energy is used to do work and convert it to heat, thereby warming the material. Vacuum induction melting is an important branch in the field of vacuum metallurgy, and can accurately control the chemical composition and temperature of a product in a melting process and simultaneously can spontaneously prevent a substrate from being polluted by some reactive gases. When metal and alloy materials are subjected to induction heating, strong variable frequency current generates a strong magnetic field through the induction coil, so that electromagnetic force is generated. The melted metal is strongly stirred under the action of electromagnetic force, a solidification system generates regular fluctuation, the movement of impurities in silicon is accelerated, on one hand, the volatile impurities are favorably transferred to a volatilization surface as soon as possible to generate volatilization reaction, on the other hand, the strong stirring action of the impurities can change the microstructure morphology of crystals to a certain extent, and further the distribution state of the impurities in the crystals is influenced.
In the prior art, various metal 3D printing technologies basically adopt metal powder as a molding raw material, and need to rely on irradiation of external high-energy beams (laser beams or electron beams) to melt the powder and then solidify and mold the powder, and have the following disadvantages: 1) in the forming process, single or multiple high-energy beams are required to be linearly scanned, for each high-energy beam, powder on a scanning path is sequentially melted and solidified to form, and parallel forming cannot be realized essentially, so that the forming speed is low and the forming efficiency is low; 2) because the electro-optic conversion efficiency of the laser and the electron beam source is low (generally less than 20 percent), and the melting point of the metal powder is very high, the energy density required by the forming is extremely high, and the actual energy consumption is very high; 3) because the adopted micron-sized metal powder has high melting point, the process quality such as the metallurgical quality of a molten pool, the surface roughness of a formed product and the like is not high, and the defects such as residual stress accumulation, thermal stress deformation, internal thermal cracks and the like are easily generated; 4) due to the problem of thermal stress deformation, the size of the molded part is limited, otherwise, a molded part meeting the requirement of dimensional accuracy cannot be obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a direct-writing type metal three-dimensional printing forming method based on induction melting.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a direct-writing type metal three-dimensional printing forming method based on induction melting comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a CAD data file of a three-dimensional printing forming part, a forming substrate, metal powder and a direct-writing induction melting forming nozzle;
the CAD data file of the three-dimensional printing molded part is a closed contour graph data set obtained by performing three-dimensional modeling on a part to be molded and processed by adopting three-dimensional CAD software, adding an auxiliary supporting structure according to the size and the shape of the obtained three-dimensional model of the part, and then setting the layer thickness according to the traditional three-dimensional printing lamination manufacturing principle to perform layered slicing;
the upper surface of the molding substrate is a plane and is required to include a closed outline pattern of a bottommost slice of the three-dimensional printing molding part;
the metal powder is used for three-dimensional printing and forming, the melting point of the metal powder is required to be not higher than that of a forming substrate, and the metal powder has a high-frequency or medium-frequency electric field induced eddy current heating effect;
the direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle is of an integrated structure with an internal powder feeding channel and an induction coil, and the induction coil is a high-frequency induction coil or a medium-frequency induction coil and is fixedly arranged at an emergent end of the internal powder feeding channel; the shape of the internal powder feeding channel requires that the cross section of the pipeline is a closed figure of any polygon or curve, and the size of the pipeline of the internal powder feeding channel requires that single metal powder with the maximum particle size can pass through the pipeline without obstruction; cooling water circulation channels are arranged inside the outer wall of the internal powder feeding channel and inside the induction coil; the inner powder feeding channel is provided with a jet valve, and whether metal powder is jetted can be controlled by controlling the closing and opening of the jet valve;
(2) according to the single-forming width of the direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle, internal vector line filling is carried out on the closed outline graph of each layer of slices, and the vector line filling method comprises the following steps: vector line segments are arranged inside the closed outline graph, so that the minimum line spacing between any vector line segments is within a given numerical range, the given numerical range refers to the single forming width (1-overlapping amount) of the direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle, and the overlapping amount is 10-50%; wherein the single-forming width of the direct-writing induction melting forming nozzle and the thickness of the single-layer tiled layer after the metal powder is melted in the step (1) can be measured in advance by an experimental method;
(3) adjusting the relative position of the forming substrate and the output port of the direct-writing induction melting forming nozzle, wherein the installation position of the direct-writing induction melting forming nozzle is required to enable metal powder to be ejected out through an internal powder feeding channel and molten by an induction coil to approximately vertically impact the surface of the forming substrate;
(4) taking the slice at the bottommost layer of the CAD data file of the three-dimensional printing molded part as a current slice;
(5) the method comprises the steps of obtaining slice data of a current slice, controlling to open a corresponding injection valve of a direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle and keep a corresponding induction coil in a working state, enabling metal powder to flow out through an internal powder feeding channel under the driving action of transport gas flow, then enabling the metal powder to be rapidly heated and melted through the induction coil to form metal liquid drops, enabling the metal liquid drops to approximately vertically impact the current forming surface of a forming substrate, solidifying the metal liquid drops and the current forming surface into a whole, and enabling a forming area corresponding to the metal liquid drops to increase a certain thickness; according to an internal filling vector line segment corresponding to a closed contour graph of a current slice, relative displacement is generated between the direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle and the forming substrate along the track of the internal filling vector line segment, so that the direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle continuously sprays metal powder, the metal powder is rapidly heated and melted by an induction coil and then falls on the current forming surface of the forming substrate, and a continuous forming line segment consistent with the internal filling vector line segment is formed; the operation is carried out until all the internal filling vector line segments of the slice are formed;
(6) adjusting the relative distance between the forming substrate and the jet output port of the direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle, and taking the next slice as the current slice according to the sequence of the layered slices from the bottom to the top;
(7) and (5) repeatedly executing the steps (5) to (6) to realize the layer-by-layer stacking of the molded parts from the bottom to the top until all the layers are molded completely.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the invention utilizes the medium-high frequency induction melting principle to carry out real-time and high-speed melting on the fine metal powder without the action of high energy beams such as laser, electron beams and the like, thereby realizing the effective melting and accurate localized deposition molding of the metal powder, and having high productivity and good quality.
2) The invention integrally heats the forming substrate and the formed part in the forming process, has no problem of temperature gradient of the forming substrate and the formed part, solves the problem of forming thermal stress caused by inevitable temperature gradient of the traditional high-energy beam scanning three-dimensional forming method, and simultaneously eliminates the defects of residual stress accumulation, thermal stress deformation, internal thermal cracks and the like.
3) The material compatibility of the invention is high, any micro-nano metal powder can be used as raw material, especially nano-particle size powder can be adopted, thus the thickness precision of the formed layer is high, the surface roughness of the formed part is reduced (theoretically, the surface roughness is about half of the particle size of the formed powder, therefore, the surface of the formed part of the nano-metal powder is smoother), the process quality is better, and the ultra-fine and ultra-high speed three-dimensional part three-dimensional forming (additive manufacturing) based on the nano-metal powder is realized.
4) The invention can send different powder according to the need in the forming process (the powder sending nozzle adjusts the powder sending type according to the time and the space), thereby forming the components with any components and distribution such as gradient materials, heterogeneous materials and the like, and having flexibility, convenience and large degree of freedom.
5) The invention adopts the medium-high frequency electric field induction effect, on one hand, the high-speed smelting of fine metal powder is realized to form liquid drops, on the other hand, the strong alternating electric field has strong electromagnetic stirring effect on the leveling process of the metal liquid drops on the formed surface, so that the metallurgical process is more uniform and sufficient, the defects of internal crystallization segregation, thermal cracking and the like are favorably eliminated, and the forming quality is better.
6) The metal powder direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle provided by the invention has the advantages that the forming size is not limited by the relative motion of the nozzle and a forming substrate, and the precise forming of large-size parts can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a direct-write induction melting forming nozzle;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a direct-writing metal three-dimensional printing and forming process.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The invention provides a direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle, as shown in fig. 1-2, the direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle 1 is of an integrated structure with an internal powder feeding channel 2 and an induction coil 3, and the induction coil 3 is a high-frequency induction coil or a medium-frequency induction coil and is fixedly arranged at an emergent end of the internal powder feeding channel 1. The shape of the inner powder feeding channel 2 requires that the cross section of the pipeline is a closed figure of any polygon or curve, and the size of the pipeline of the inner powder feeding channel 2 requires that the single metal powder 5 with the largest particle size can pass through without obstruction. And cooling water circulation channels 4 are arranged inside the outer wall of the internal powder feeding channel 2 and inside the induction coil 3. And the inner powder feeding channel 2 is provided with a jet valve, and whether the metal powder 5 is jetted can be controlled by controlling the closing and the opening of the jet valve.
After the injection valve is opened, the metal powder 5 is carried by the transport gas and is injected from the emergent end of the internal powder feeding channel 2, then enters the center of the induction coil 3, and is rapidly heated to a melting state by the induction coil 3 in an induction mode. The induction coil 3 is connected to an external high or medium frequency induction power supply and is required to have an induction melting power sufficient to melt the metal powder 5 as it passes through the induction coil. The transport gas is required to be chemically inert to the metal powder 5 at high temperatures, typically inert gas, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or a mixture of gases.
Preferably, the internal powder feeding channel 1 is in an inverted cone shape, and the inner diameter of the emergent end is the smallest, so that the metal powder 5 can form a gathering effect after being carried and sprayed out by transport gas through the inverted cone-shaped internal powder feeding channel.
The invention also provides a direct-writing type metal three-dimensional printing forming method based on induction melting, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a CAD data file of a three-dimensional printing forming part, a forming substrate 6, metal powder 5 and a direct-writing induction melting forming nozzle 1;
the CAD data file of the three-dimensional printing molded part is a closed contour graph data set obtained by three-dimensionally modeling a part to be molded and processed by a designer by using three-dimensional CAD software, adding a necessary auxiliary supporting structure according to the size and the shape of the obtained three-dimensional model of the part, and then carrying out layered slicing on the set layer thickness (the single-layer tiled layer thickness after metal powder is melted) according to the traditional three-dimensional printing lamination manufacturing principle;
the upper surface of the forming substrate 6 is a plane and is required to include a closed outline pattern of a bottommost slice of the three-dimensional printing forming part, and the forming substrate 6 is made of metal or ceramic material with good heat conductivity;
preferably, the forming substrate 6 is provided with a heating device with a controllable temperature to heat and maintain the upper surface of the forming substrate 6 within a set temperature range.
Preferably, the following induction coil can be adopted to heat and control the temperature in the set temperature range in real time on the real-time forming surface part of the three-dimensional printing forming part.
The metal powder 5 is used for three-dimensional printing and forming, the typical particle size of the formed powder is 10 nanometers to 500 micrometers, the melting point of the metal powder 5 is required to be not higher than that of the formed substrate 6, and the metal powder has a high-frequency or medium-frequency electric field induced eddy current heating effect.
Preferably, the metal powder 5 itself is magnetic or electrically charged and can be accelerated by a magnetic or electric field.
(2) According to the single-forming width of the direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle 1, the vector line filling method is as follows: vector line segments are arranged inside the closed outline graph, so that the minimum line spacing between any vector line segments is within a given numerical range, the given numerical range refers to the single forming width (1-overlapping amount) of the direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle 1, and the overlapping amount is 10-50%; the single-forming width of the direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle 1 and the thickness of the single-layer tiled layer after the metal powder is melted in the step (1) can be measured in advance through an experimental method. Typical vector line filling methods include contour bias methods, fractal methods, parallel line methods, and the like, which are used in conventional 3D printing.
(3) The relative orientation of the forming substrate 6 and the output port of the direct-write induction melting forming nozzle 1 is adjusted so that the installation orientation of the direct-write induction melting forming nozzle 1 is required to make the metal powder 5 ejected from the internal powder feeding channel 2 and molten by the induction coil 3 collide with the surface of the forming substrate 6 nearly perpendicularly.
It is preferable that the molding direction (the moving direction in which the metal powder 5 is ejected through the internal powder feeding passage 2) be a vertical direction along the gravity to avoid the gravity deflection effect.
Preferably, the forming substrate 6 and the direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle 1 are arranged in a vacuum forming cavity, and the vibration isolation treatment can be carried out on the vacuum forming cavity to enable the vibration amplitude to be not larger than the forming dimensional precision.
Preferably, the molding substrate 6 and the molded portion 7 are kept at a set temperature by heating during the molding process, the set temperature being required to be lower than the melting point of the metal material of the molded portion 7.
(4) Taking the slice at the bottommost layer of the CAD data file of the three-dimensional printing molded part as a current slice;
(5) the slicing data of the current slice is obtained, the corresponding injection valve of the direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle 1 is controlled to be opened, the corresponding induction coil 3 is kept in a working state, metal powder 5 flows out through the internal powder feeding channel 2 under the driving action of transport gas flow, and then the metal powder is rapidly heated and melted through the induction coil 3 to form metal liquid drops 8 which approximately vertically impact the current forming surface of the forming substrate 6, and then the metal liquid drops and the current forming surface are solidified into a whole, and the corresponding forming area of the metal liquid drops is increased by a certain thickness; according to an internal filling vector line segment corresponding to a closed contour graph of a current slice, relative displacement (movement of the direct-writing induction melting forming nozzle 1 or movement of the forming substrate 6 or movement of both) occurs between the direct-writing induction melting forming nozzle 1 and the forming substrate 6 along the track of the internal filling vector line segment, so that the direct-writing induction melting forming nozzle 1 continuously sprays metal powder 5, and the metal powder falls on the current forming surface of the forming substrate 6 after being rapidly heated and melted by the induction coil 3 to form a continuous forming line segment consistent with the internal filling vector line segment; the operation is carried out until all the internal filling vector line segments of the slice are formed;
preferably, if the metal powder 5 itself has magnetism or electric charge, a magnetic field or an electric field can be applied to make the metal powder continuously accelerated after flowing out from the inner powder feeding channel 2 until being melted by induction and impacting the molding surface.
(6) Adjusting the relative distance between the forming substrate 6 and the injection output port of the direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle 1 (namely moving a single-layer forming layer thickness to keep the two not to touch and within a proper injection forming distance range), and taking the next slice as the current slice according to the sequence of the layered slices from bottom to top.
(7) And (5) repeatedly executing the steps (5) to (6) to realize the layer-by-layer stacking of the molded parts from the bottom to the top until all the layers are molded completely.
It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be varied in many ways, and that such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the scope of the invention. All such modifications as would be obvious to one skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope of this claim.
Claims (4)
1. A direct-writing type metal three-dimensional printing forming method based on induction melting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a CAD data file of a three-dimensional printing forming part, a forming substrate, metal powder and a direct-writing induction melting forming nozzle;
the CAD data file of the three-dimensional printing molded part is a closed contour graph data set obtained by performing three-dimensional modeling on a part to be molded and processed by adopting three-dimensional CAD software, adding an auxiliary supporting structure according to the size and the shape of an obtained three-dimensional model of the part, and then setting the layer thickness and performing layered slicing;
the upper surface of the molding substrate is a plane and is required to include a closed outline pattern of a bottommost slice of the three-dimensional printing molding part; the forming substrate is provided with a heating device with controllable temperature so as to heat the upper surface of the forming substrate and keep the upper surface within a set temperature range; the real-time forming surface part of the three-dimensional printing forming part is heated in real time by adopting a following induction coil and is controlled within a set temperature range;
the metal powder is used for three-dimensional printing and forming, the melting point of the metal powder is required to be not higher than that of a forming substrate, and the metal powder has a high-frequency or medium-frequency electric field induced eddy current heating effect;
the direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle is of an integrated structure with an internal powder feeding channel and an induction coil, and the induction coil is a high-frequency induction coil or a medium-frequency induction coil and is fixedly arranged at an emergent end of the internal powder feeding channel; the shape of the internal powder feeding channel requires that the cross section of the pipeline is a closed figure of any polygon or curve, and the size of the pipeline of the internal powder feeding channel requires that single metal powder with the maximum particle size can pass through the pipeline without obstruction; cooling water circulation channels are arranged inside the outer wall of the internal powder feeding channel and inside the induction coil; the inner powder feeding channel is provided with a jet valve, and whether metal powder is jetted can be controlled by controlling the closing and opening of the jet valve;
(2) according to the single-forming width of the direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle, internal vector line filling is carried out on the closed outline graph of each layer of slices, and the vector line filling method comprises the following steps: vector line segments are arranged inside the closed outline graph, so that the minimum line spacing between any vector line segments is within a given numerical range, the given numerical range refers to the single forming width (1-overlapping amount) of the direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle, and the overlapping amount is 10-50%; wherein the single-forming width of the direct-writing induction melting forming nozzle and the thickness of the single-layer tiled layer after the metal powder is melted in the step (1) are measured in advance by an experimental method;
(3) adjusting the relative position of the forming substrate and the output port of the direct-writing induction melting forming nozzle, wherein the installation position of the direct-writing induction melting forming nozzle is required to enable metal powder to be ejected out through an internal powder feeding channel and molten by an induction coil to approximately vertically impact the surface of the forming substrate; heating to keep the forming substrate and the formed part at a set temperature all the time in the forming process, wherein the set temperature is required to be below the melting point of the metal material of the formed part;
(4) taking the slice at the bottommost layer of the CAD data file of the three-dimensional printing molded part as a current slice;
(5) the method comprises the steps of obtaining slice data of a current slice, controlling to open a corresponding injection valve of a direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle and keep a corresponding induction coil in a working state, enabling metal powder to flow out through an internal powder feeding channel under the driving action of transport gas flow, then enabling the metal powder to be rapidly heated and melted through the induction coil to form metal liquid drops, enabling the metal liquid drops to approximately vertically impact the current forming surface of a forming substrate, solidifying the metal liquid drops and the current forming surface into a whole, and enabling a forming area corresponding to the metal liquid drops to increase a certain thickness; according to an internal filling vector line segment corresponding to a closed contour graph of a current slice, relative displacement is generated between the direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle and the forming substrate along the track of the internal filling vector line segment, so that the direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle continuously sprays metal powder, the metal powder is rapidly heated and melted by an induction coil and then falls on the current forming surface of the forming substrate, and a continuous forming line segment consistent with the internal filling vector line segment is formed; the operation is carried out until all the internal filling vector line segments of the slice are formed;
(6) adjusting the relative distance between the forming substrate and the jet output port of the direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle, and taking the next slice as the current slice according to the sequence of the layered slices from the bottom to the top;
(7) and (5) repeatedly executing the steps (5) to (6) to realize the layer-by-layer stacking of the molded parts from the bottom to the top until all the layers are molded completely.
2. The direct-writing metal three-dimensional printing and forming method based on induction melting according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the metal powder is magnetic or electric charge and can be accelerated by a magnetic field or an electric field.
3. The induction melting-based direct-writing metal three-dimensional printing and forming method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the forming direction is along the gravity vertical direction.
4. The direct-writing type metal three-dimensional printing and forming method based on induction melting as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the forming substrate and the direct-writing type induction melting forming nozzle are placed in a vacuum forming chamber, and the vibration isolation treatment is performed on the vacuum forming chamber, so that the vibration amplitude is not larger than the forming dimensional precision.
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| CN115489113A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2022-12-20 | 湖南华曙高科技股份有限公司 | Laser scanning method and device for manufacturing three-dimensional object and storage medium |
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| CN106180709B (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2019-06-28 | 南京钛陶智能系统有限责任公司 | A kind of metal 3 D-printing method and its equipment |
| CN106270518B (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2019-03-12 | 南京钛陶智能系统有限责任公司 | A kind of drop formation method for metal 3 D-printing |
| CN106513682B (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2019-02-15 | 南京钛陶智能系统有限责任公司 | A kind of liquid material injection method and its device for 3 D-printing |
| CN106965421B (en) * | 2017-04-29 | 2020-10-20 | 南京钛陶智能系统有限责任公司 | Three-dimensional printing method |
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