CN108400702A - A kind of safety protective circuit and its control method - Google Patents
A kind of safety protective circuit and its control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108400702A CN108400702A CN201810161128.4A CN201810161128A CN108400702A CN 108400702 A CN108400702 A CN 108400702A CN 201810161128 A CN201810161128 A CN 201810161128A CN 108400702 A CN108400702 A CN 108400702A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/34—Snubber circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
- H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
- H02H7/1213—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for DC-DC converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H9/045—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage adapted to a particular application and not provided for elsewhere
- H02H9/047—Free-wheeling circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/34—Snubber circuits
- H02M1/344—Active dissipative snubbers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of safety protective circuits, including：DC power supply, discrete component switch sub-circuit, delay startup sub-circuit, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and electric discharge sub-circuit, discrete component switchs sub-circuit and is electrically connected respectively with DC power supply, delay startup sub-circuit and electric discharge sub-circuit, the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is electrically connected with delay startup sub-circuit, and the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is electrically connected with DC power supply；The drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is electrically connected with electric discharge sub-circuit, and the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 provides power supply as output end vo ut for rear class equipment.The present invention had both optimized device power process, prevent device power moment current over pulse (when switch is closed) larger, also power down process is optimized, prevent the residual voltage of equipment from reducing excessively slow, the electricity of middle decoupling capacitor storage in rear class equipment is allowed to be released rapidly, to which under the influence of not times starts.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to safety protective circuit more particularly to a kind of safety protective circuit and its control methods.
Background technology
High-power electronic device is more and more at present, but most equipment does not all do the power up of product
Protect work.High-power electronic device powered on moment often will produce larger current course or voltage overshoot.Big electric current mistake
Punching can damage the Tandem devices in circuit, such as magnetic bead, common mode inductance；Big voltage overshoot can damage the parallel device of power circuit
Part, such as decoupling capacitor.It therefore,, may be due to if directly powered on by mechanical switch when powerful device powers on
The instantaneous charging of rear class capacitance causes larger current to overshoot, and causes 0R resistance or magnetic bead in series via to burn out, and to going
Coupling capacitance itself also brings damage.To prevent electronic equipment from breaking down because of device premature failure, the power up to equipment is needed
Carry out a protection.
Meanwhile equipment shutdown power down process can be because the energy storage of decoupling capacitor be unable to reduce rapidly voltage, this feelings
If carrying out the quick of equipment restarts the abnormal startup for being likely to result in equipment under condition, such as electrifying timing sequence is unsatisfactory for requiring to cause
Main control chip cannot normally start operation.
Existing metal-oxide-semiconductor soft-start circuit only considered power up, there is no power down process is considered, also not account for fast
The abnormal conditions that equipment is likely to occur when fast switching on and shutting down.Existing soft-start circuit design, it is a slow process, power down to power on
It is also a slow process, then when power cutoff switchs power down, voltage declines slow, it is possible to influence weight next time
The process newly powered on.
Invention content
A kind of safety protective circuit of present invention offer and its control method, to solve in the prior art in high-speed switch machine
When, since powered on moment overcurrent overcharges or rear class equipment remaining capacity cannot discharge rapidly when power down, it is easily damaged and sets
It is standby, cause equipment to start abnormal situation.
On the one hand, the invention discloses a kind of safety protective circuits, including：DC power supply, discrete component switch sub-circuit,
Delay startup sub-circuit, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and electric discharge sub-circuit, discrete component switch sub-circuit with respectively with the DC power supply,
Delay startup sub-circuit and electric discharge sub-circuit electrical connection, the grid of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 are electrically connected with the delay startup sub-circuit, institute
The source electrode for stating metal-oxide-semiconductor is electrically connected the source electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 with the DC power supply and is electrically connected with the DC power supply；It is described
The drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is electrically connected with the electric discharge sub-circuit, and the drain electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is as output end vo ut, is rear class
Equipment provides power supply；Wherein：
After switch K1 in the discrete component switch sub-circuit is closed, the delay startup sub-circuit is after preset time period
It is supplied to the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 to start voltage, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 conductings, so that DC power supply is set by metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 for rear class
It is standby that power supply is provided；
After switch K1 in the discrete component switch sub-circuit is disconnected, the delay startup sub-circuit is supplied to the MOS
The voltage of pipe Q1 the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 startup voltage hereinafter, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is closed, the rear class equipment and the direct current
Power supply disconnects；
Then grade equipment will be in the rear class equipment after being disconnected with the DC power supply in the rear for the electric discharge sub-circuit
Remaining capacity is discharged.
Preferably, the discrete component switch sub-circuit includes：Resistance R4, the resistance R5 being sequentially connected electrically, and switch K1；
Wherein, one end of the switch K1 is electrically connected with the resistance R5, the other end ground connection of the switch K1；The one of the resistance R4
End is electrically connected with the positive terminal of the DC power supply, and the other end of the resistance R4 is electrically connected with the resistance R5.
Preferably, the delay startup sub-circuit includes：Resistance R1, R2, common cathode diode D2, storage capacitor C1 and three poles
Pipe D1；Wherein：The storage capacitor C1 is serially connected between the collector and emitter of the triode D1, and the storage capacitor
One end of C1 is electrically connected with the source electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, the grid electricity of the other end of the storage capacitor C1 and the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1
Connection；The collector of the triode D1 is electrically connected with the positive terminal of the DC power supply, and the resistance R1 is serially connected in described three
Between the emitter and base stage of pole pipe D1；One end of the resistance R2 is connected in the discrete component switch sub-circuit and concatenates electricity
The centre of R4, R5 are hindered, the other end is electrically connected with the base stage of the triode D1；The cathode terminal of the common cathode diode D2 and institute
The base stage electrical connection of triode D1 is stated, the first anode end of the common cathode diode D2 is connected to discrete component switch
The centre of series resistor R4, R5 in circuit, the transmitting at the second plate end and the triode D1 of the common cathode diode D2
Pole is electrically connected.
Preferably, the electric discharge sub-circuit includes：Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, capacitance C2, and resistance R3 in parallel and diode D3；Its
In：The negative pole end of the diode D3 is electrically connected to the centre of series resistor R4, R5 in the discrete component switch sub-circuit, institute
The positive terminal for stating diode D3 is electrically connected with one end of the grid of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, the capacitance C2 respectively, the capacitance C2's
The other end is grounded；The drain electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 is electrically connected with the drain electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, the source electrode ground connection of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2.
Preferably, after the switch K1 in the discrete component switch sub-circuit is closed, the DC power supply passes through the storage
It can be grounded by the switch K1 after capacitance C1, the common cathode diode D2, resistance R2 and resistance R5, form charge circuit,
The storage capacitor C1 charges；When the voltage difference at the both ends the storage capacitor C1 reaches the cut-in voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1
When, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is opened, and the DC power supply provides power supply by the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 for the rear class equipment；
After switch K1 in the discrete component switch sub-circuit is disconnected, the triode D1 is opened, the storage capacitor
C1 forms discharge loop by the collector and emitter of the triode D1 so that the electricity stored in the storage capacitor C1
It discharges rapidly, to be supplied to the voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 to decline, when the storage capacitor C1 is supplied to the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1's
When voltage drops to the startup voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 or less, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is closed, and disconnects the DC power supply to described
The power supply that rear class equipment provides.
Preferably, after the switch K1 in the discrete component switch sub-circuit is closed, the capacitance C2 is supplied to the MOS
The voltage of pipe Q2 is unable to reach the startup voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, and the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 is closed；
After switch K1 in the discrete component switch sub-circuit is disconnected, the capacitance C2 passes through resistance R3, R4 shape
At charge circuit, the capacitance C2 charges；When the voltage difference at the both ends the capacitance C2 reaches the startup electricity of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2
When pressure, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 conductings, the output end vo ut is grounded so that remaining capacity is discharged into ground in the rear class equipment.
Preferably, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is P-channel enhancement type metal-oxide-semiconductor, and the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 is the enhanced metal-oxide-semiconductor of N-channel.
Preferably, by the way that the resistance value of resistance R2 and the capacitance of the storage capacitor C1 in the delay startup sub-circuit is arranged
To set the delay startup time.
Preferably, the time of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 described in the delay startup sub-circuit delay startup and electricity in the delay startup sub-circuit
The resistance value of the resistance value and storage capacitor C1 that hinder R2 is directly proportional.
On the other hand, the invention discloses a kind of safety protective circuit control methods, are applied to described in any one of the present invention
Safety protective circuit, the safety protective circuit control method includes：
Monitoring delay startup sub-circuit is supplied to the voltage of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1；
When the delay startup sub-circuit is supplied to the voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 to reach the startup voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1,
The metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 conductings, the DC power supply provide power to rear class equipment by the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1；
When the delay startup sub-circuit be supplied to the voltage of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 below the startup voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 when, institute
It states metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 to close, to cut off the power supply that the DC power supply is supplied to the rear class equipment；
After the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is closed, electricity remaining in the rear class equipment is discharged by discharge circuit.
The present invention at least has with the next item down advantageous effects：
(1) switch is closed when powering on, and the opening time of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is controlled by delay startup sub-circuit, is reached to slow down and is overcharged
Purpose, electric current overcharge limitation in the reasonable scope, avoid current over pulse.
(2) it when switch disconnects power down, is discharged rapidly by delay startup sub-circuit so that the voltage of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is supplied to reach
Less than voltage is started, to make metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 quick closedowns so that power supply disconnects rapidly with equipment, when accelerating shutdown power down
Between.
(3) after metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is disconnected, by discharging, sub-circuit discharges rapidly the remaining capacity of rear class equipment, and residual voltage is fast
Speed reduces, and avoiding, which influences equipment, starts next time.
(4) present invention had both optimized device power process, prevent device power moment while being closed (switch) current over pulse compared with
Greatly, power down process is also optimized, prevents the residual voltage of equipment from reducing excessively slow, allows the electricity of middle decoupling capacitor storage in rear class equipment
It is released rapidly, thus time startup under the influence of not.
Description of the drawings
To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing is briefly introduced, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for this
For the those of ordinary skill in field, without having to pay creative labor, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings
His attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is a kind of connection block diagram of safety protective circuit embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that a kind of circuit of another embodiment of safety protective circuit of the present invention connects block diagram；
Fig. 3 is a kind of circuit diagram of another embodiment of safety protective circuit of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is a kind of flow chart of the embodiment of safety protective circuit control method of the present invention.
Reference numeral：
10-- DC power supplies；20-- discrete components switch sub-circuit；30-- delay startup sub-circuits；40-- electric discharge sub-circuits；
50--MOS pipes Q1.
Specific implementation mode
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing to the present invention make into
It is described in detail to one step, it is clear that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than whole implementation
Example.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
All other embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention discloses a kind of safety protective circuit, embodiment is as shown in Figure 1, include：DC power supply 10, discrete component
It switchs sub-circuit 20, delay startup sub-circuit 30, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q150 and electric discharge sub-circuit 40, the discrete component and switchs sub-circuit 20
With respectively with the DC power supply 10, delay startup sub-circuit 30 and electric discharge sub-circuit 40 be electrically connected, the grid of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q150
Pole is electrically connected with the delay startup sub-circuit 30, and the source electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q150 is electrically connected with the DC power supply 10；It is described
The drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q150 is electrically connected with the electric discharge sub-circuit 40, and the drain electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q150 is as output end vo ut,
Power supply is provided for rear class equipment；Wherein：
After switch K1 in the discrete component switch sub-circuit 20 is closed, the delay startup sub-circuit 30 is in preset time
It is supplied to the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q150 to start voltage, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q150 conductings, so that DC power supply 10 passes through metal-oxide-semiconductor after section
Q150 provides power supply for rear class equipment；
After switch K1 in the discrete component switch sub-circuit 20 is disconnected, the delay startup sub-circuit 30 is supplied to described
The voltage of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q150 the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q150 startup voltage hereinafter, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q150 close, the rear class equipment with
Power supply disconnects；
The electric discharge sub-circuit 40 remnants electricity that then grade equipment and power supply will be in the rear class equipment after disconnecting in the rear
Amount is discharged.
In the present embodiment, after discrete component switchs the switch closure in sub-circuit, device power can't cause rear class to set
It is standby high current overcurrent occur, it may be implemented slowly to power on by delay startup sub-circuit in this present embodiment, slow down on DC power supply
To the impact of rear class equipment internal circuit when electric.In addition, after switch is closed, delay startup sub-circuit can discharge rapidly so that provide
To metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 voltage below the startup voltage of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 so that metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is closed rapidly, rear class equipment and DC power supply
It disconnects.And sub-circuit is discharged then after metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is closed, the remaining capacity in rear class equipment is subjected to quick release, to not
It influences to start next time.
The present embodiment both optimizes power up, prevents device power immediate current overshoot larger, also optimizes power down
Journey prevents the residual voltage of equipment from reducing excessively slow.
Another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2, on the basis of the above embodiments, discrete component switch
Circuit 20 includes：Resistance R4, the resistance R5 being sequentially connected electrically, and switch K1；Wherein, one end of the switch K1 and the resistance
R5 is electrically connected, the other end ground connection of the switch K1；One end of the resistance R4 is electrically connected with the positive terminal of the DC power supply,
The other end of the resistance R4 is electrically connected with the resistance R5.
Preferably, the delay startup sub-circuit 30 includes：Resistance R1, R2, common cathode diode D2, storage capacitor C1 and three
Pole pipe D1；Wherein：The storage capacitor C1 is serially connected between the collector and emitter of the triode D1, and energy storage electricity
The one end for holding C1 is electrically connected with the source electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, the grid of the other end of the storage capacitor C1 and the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1
Electrical connection；The collector of the triode D1 is electrically connected with the positive terminal of the DC power supply, and the resistance R1 is serially connected in described
Between the emitter and base stage of triode D1；One end of the resistance R2 is connected in the discrete component switch sub-circuit 20 and goes here and there
The centre of connecting resistance R4, R5, the other end are electrically connected with the base stage of the triode D1；The cathode terminal of the common cathode diode D2
It is electrically connected with the base stage of the triode D1, the first anode end of the common cathode diode D2 is connected to the discrete component and opens
The centre of series resistor R4, R5 in climax circuit 20, second plate end and the triode D1 of the common cathode diode D2
Emitter electrical connection；Wherein：
After switch K1 in the discrete component switch sub-circuit 20 is closed, the DC power supply 10 passes through energy storage electricity
It is grounded by the switch K1 after holding C1, the common cathode diode D2, resistance R2 and resistance R5, forms charge circuit, it is described
Storage capacitor C1 charges；When the voltage difference at the both ends the storage capacitor C1 reaches the cut-in voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, institute
It states metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 to be opened, the DC power supply 10 provides power supply by the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 for the rear class equipment；
After switch K1 in the discrete component switch sub-circuit 20 is disconnected, the triode D1 is opened, the energy storage electricity
Hold C1 and discharge loop is formed by the collector and emitter of the triode D1 so that the electricity stored in the storage capacitor C1
Amount discharges rapidly, to be supplied to the voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 to decline, when the storage capacitor C1 is supplied to the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1
Voltage when dropping to the startup voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 or less, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is closed, and disconnects the DC power supply to institute
The power supply of rear class equipment offer is provided.
Common cathode diode D2 in above-described embodiment can be packaged common cathode diode, can also be common
Two diodes substitute, and only in circuit connection, the cathode of the two is connected the two diodes.
Preferably, the electric discharge sub-circuit 40 includes：Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, capacitance C2, and resistance R3 in parallel and diode D3；
Wherein：The negative pole end of the diode D3 is electrically connected in the discrete component switch sub-circuit 20 in series resistor R4, R5
Between, the positive terminal of the diode D3 is electrically connected with one end of the grid of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, the capacitance C2 respectively, the electricity
Hold the other end ground connection of C2；The drain electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 is electrically connected with the drain electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, the source electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2
Ground connection；Wherein：
After switch K1 in the discrete component switch sub-circuit is closed, the capacitance C2 is supplied to the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2's
Voltage is unable to reach the startup voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, and the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 is closed；
After switch K1 in the discrete component switch sub-circuit is disconnected, the capacitance C2 passes through resistance R3, R4 shape
At charge circuit, the capacitance C2 charges；When the voltage difference at the both ends the capacitance C2 reaches the startup electricity of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2
When pressure, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 conductings, the output end vo ut is grounded so that remaining capacity is discharged into ground in the rear class equipment.
In the present embodiment, during switch K1 closures power on, the lower ends storage capacitor C1 pass through common cathode diode D2
After the diode on the right, resistance R2 and resistance R5, it is pulled to GND, because the voltage at the both ends storage capacitor C1 cannot be mutated, energy storage
The voltage decline of the lower ends capacitance C1 needs certain time, there is relationship in this time with the value of resistance R2 and storage capacitor C1.Electricity
Hold and need the voltage of regular hour lower end that can just drop to the cut-in voltage of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, so indirect control rear class equipment
Power-on time.Achieve the purpose that equipment slowly starts.
During switch K1 disconnects power down, the base stage of triode D1 is raised by resistance R2, R4, emitter and storage
Can the lower end of capacitance C1 be connected, at this time because the voltage of storage capacitor C1 cannot be mutated, or close to GND voltage.Triode D1
Conducting, capacitance C1 are reduced rapidly by triode D1 repid discharges, pressure difference, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is closed.DC power supply and load (rear class
Equipment) between be disconnected.Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 is opened simultaneously, the electricity stored in release rear class equipment decoupling capacitor so that system is residual
Pressure is rapid to be declined, and is started extremely when rear class equipment being avoided quickly to restart.
In any of the above-described embodiment, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is P-channel enhancement type metal-oxide-semiconductor, and the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 increases for N-channel
Strong type metal-oxide-semiconductor.
The time of the delay startup sub-circuit delay startup can pass through the resistance value of resistance R2 in the setting delay startup sub-circuit
And the capacitance of the storage capacitor C1 is set.Preferably, the time of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 described in the delay startup sub-circuit delay startup
It is directly proportional to the resistance value and the resistance value of storage capacitor C1 of resistance R2 in the delay startup sub-circuit.
In addition, in above-described embodiment, the value of resistance R1 is greater than resistance R4, and the value of resistance R4 is also much larger than resistance
R5.Preferably, the resistance value of the resistance R1 is at least 10 times of the resistance value of the resistance R4；The resistance value of the resistance R4 is at least
20 times of the resistance value of the resistance R5.
Another embodiment of the present invention, same as shown in figure 3, in figure, DC indicates that DC power supply, Vin input for circuit
End, Vout is circuit output end.Circuit input end is connect with DC power supply DC, and circuit output end Vout is connect with apparatus of load.
Connect electronic system, such as router, intelligent sound box etc. that load can be common.Each device typical value：Q1 increases for P-channel
Strong type metal-oxide-semiconductor, Q2 are the enhanced metal-oxide-semiconductor of N-channel, and D1 is PNP type triode, and D2 is to cathode diode, and D3 is diode.Electricity
Resistance, capacitance typical value：R1=30k Ω, R2=30k Ω, R3=10k Ω, R4=2k Ω, R5=75 Ω, C1=1uF, C2=
1uF。
Source electrode connection Vin, the drain electrode connection Vout of P-channel enhancement type metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1；The upper ends storage capacitor C1 connect metal-oxide-semiconductor
The source electrode of Q1, the grid of lower end connection metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1；The upper end of the collector connection capacitance C1 of triode D1, emitter connection electricity
Hold the lower end of C1；The base stage of the upper ends resistance R1 connecting triode D1, the emitter of lower end connecting triode D1；To cloudy diode D2
The right it is in parallel with resistance R1, left and right it is in parallel with resistance R2；The upper ends resistance R4 are connect with Vin, and lower end is connect with the upper ends R5, resistance
The lower ends R5 are connected to GND by switch.
The drain electrode of the enhanced metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 of N-channel is connected to Vout, and source electrode is connected to GND；The upper end of storage capacitor C2 connects
The grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, the source electrode of the lower end connection metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 of C2；The lower end of the left end connection R4 of resistance R3, the right end of resistance R3
Connect the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2；The left end of diode D3 and the left end of R3 connect, and the right end of D3 and the right end of R3 connect.
(1) device power process：
When device power, switch is closed.The lower end of resistance R5 is pulled to GND, since the value ratio R5 of R4 is much larger, so
The voltage of the upper ends R5 is pulled to close to 0V.Storage capacitor C1 arrives resistance R2, then connect by R5 by the diode on the right of D2 at this time
To GND, charge circuit is formed.The voltage of the upper ends C1 maintains Vin constant, and the voltage of lower end is continuously decreased with the process of charging,
Until the pressure difference between C1 upper and lower sides reaches the cut-in voltage of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, metal-oxide-semiconductor is opened at this time, and DC power supply passes through metal-oxide-semiconductor
It is output to Vout, power supply is provided for rear class equipment.By taking suitable value to storage capacitor C1 and resistance R2, slow open can be set
The dynamic time prevents the current needs of powered on moment rear class from leading to current over pulse to slowly power on, and reaches the mesh of protection equipment
's.
For metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, R3 is pulled to GND, and the voltage between the grid and source electrode of Q2 is almost 0, metal-oxide-semiconductor
Q2 is to close, and will not be had an impact to the work of rear class equipment.
(2) device looses power process：
When device looses power, switch disconnects.The upper end of resistance R5 is pulled to by R4 close to Vin voltages, at this time the lower end of C1
Voltage is still close to 0V.Resistance R4 forms bleeder circuit by the diode and R1 on the left sides D2, due to R1 resistance value ratio R4 greatly very
More, the pressure difference that R1 upper and lower sides are formed is just very big, it is sufficient to triode D1 be made to open.The collector and hair that storage capacitor passes through D1 at this time
Emitter-base bandgap grading forms discharge loop, and the electricity stored in C1 discharges rapidly, and the pressure difference of C1 upper and lower sides is reduced rapidly, until C1 upper and lower sides
Pressure difference drops to the cut-in voltage of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 once, and Q1 is closed at this time.Be disconnected between Vin and Vout, rear class equipment quickly with electricity
Source disconnects.
For metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, C2 forms charge circuit by resistance R3, resistance R4.With the progress of charging, the upper ends C2
Voltage be gradually increasing, when reaching the cut-in voltage of Q2, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 is opened, and Vout is connected to GND.Make rear class
The electricity that decoupling capacitor stores in equipment is discharged into ground by Q2, and the residual voltage on capacitance reduces rapidly as 0V, under the influence of not
Secondary startup.
Compared with the existing technology, the prior art has only paid close attention to the process powered on to the present embodiment, but without processing power down
Process, when high-speed switch machine, it is possible that equipment starts abnormal situation.And the present embodiment was both optimized and was powered on
Process prevents device power immediate current overshoot larger；Also power down process is optimized, prevents the residual voltage of equipment from reducing excessively slow.
Based on the same technical idea, the invention discloses a kind of safety protective circuit control methods, are applied to above-mentioned
Safety protective circuit described in one embodiment, specifically, as shown in figure 4, the safety protective circuit control method includes：
Monitoring delay startup sub-circuit is supplied to the voltage of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1；
When the delay startup sub-circuit is supplied to the voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 to reach the startup voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1,
The metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 conductings, the DC power supply provide power to rear class equipment by the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1；
When the delay startup sub-circuit be supplied to the voltage of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 below the startup voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 when, institute
It states metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 to close, to cut off the power supply that the DC power supply is supplied to the rear class equipment；
After the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is closed, electricity remaining in the rear class equipment is discharged by discharge circuit.
Specifically, after switch of the delay startup sub-circuit in discrete component switch sub-circuit is closed, to itself
Storage capacitor C1 charge, when the voltage difference at the both ends the storage capacitor C1 reaches the startup voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1,
The metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 conductings；
And for the sub-circuit that discharges, it is described in the case where the discrete component switchs the switch K1 in sub-circuit and is closed
Capacitance C2 is supplied to the voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 to be unable to reach the startup voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, and the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, which is in, to close
Closed state；To be had an impact to the work of rear class equipment.
The delay startup sub-circuit is after the switch during the discrete component switchs sub-circuit disconnects, to the energy storage electricity of itself
Hold C1 to discharge, it is described when the voltage difference at the both ends the storage capacitor C1 drops to the startup voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 or less
Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is closed.
And under switch K1 disconnections of the electric discharge sub-circuit in discrete component switch sub-circuit, the capacitance
C2 forms charge circuit by described resistance R3, R4, and the capacitance C2 charges；When the voltage difference at the both ends the capacitance C2 reaches
To the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 startup voltage when, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 conducting, the output end vo ut is grounded so that the rear class is set
Standby middle remaining capacity is discharged into ground.
The present embodiment had both optimized device power process, prevent device power moment while being closed (switch) current over pulse compared with
Greatly, power down process is also optimized, prevents the residual voltage of equipment from reducing excessively slow, allows the electricity of middle decoupling capacitor storage in rear class equipment
It is released rapidly, thus time startup under the influence of not.
The method of the present invention embodiment is consistent with circuit embodiments technical concept of the present invention, the skill of embodiment of the method for the invention
Art details equally can be found in the circuit embodiments of front, repeats, repeats no more to reduce.
Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, it is created once a person skilled in the art knows basic
Property concept, then additional changes and modifications may be made to these embodiments.So it includes excellent that the following claims are intended to be interpreted as
It selects embodiment and falls into all change and modification of the scope of the invention.
Obviously, various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from essence of the invention by those skilled in the art
God and range.In this way, if these modifications and changes of the present invention belongs to the range of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of safety protective circuit, which is characterized in that including：DC power supply, discrete component switch sub-circuit, delay startup electricity
Road, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and electric discharge sub-circuit, discrete component switch sub-circuit with respectively with the DC power supply, delay startup electricity
Road and electric discharge sub-circuit electrical connection, the grid of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 are electrically connected with the delay startup sub-circuit, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1's
Source electrode is electrically connected with the DC power supply；The drain electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is electrically connected with the electric discharge sub-circuit, and the metal-oxide-semiconductor
The drain electrode of Q1 provides power supply as output end vo ut, for rear class equipment；Wherein：
After switch K1 in the discrete component switch sub-circuit is closed, the delay startup sub-circuit provides after preset time period
Start voltage, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 conductings to the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, so that DC power supply is that rear class equipment carries by metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1
Power supply source；
After switch K1 in the discrete component switch sub-circuit is disconnected, the delay startup sub-circuit is supplied to the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1
Voltage the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 startup voltage hereinafter, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is closed, the rear class equipment and the DC power supply
It disconnects；
The electric discharge sub-circuit is after then grade equipment and the DC power supply disconnect in the rear by the remnants in the rear class equipment
Electricity is discharged.
2. a kind of safety protective circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the discrete component switchs sub-circuit packet
It includes：Resistance R4, the resistance R5 being sequentially connected electrically, and switch K1；Wherein, one end of the switch K1 is electrically connected with the resistance R5
It connects, the other end ground connection of the switch K1；One end of the resistance R4 is electrically connected with the positive terminal of the DC power supply, the electricity
The other end of resistance R4 is electrically connected with the resistance R5.
3. a kind of safety protective circuit according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the delay startup sub-circuit includes：Electricity
Hinder R1, R2, common cathode diode D2, storage capacitor C1 and triode D1；Wherein：The storage capacitor C1 is serially connected in three pole
Between the collector and emitter of pipe D1, and one end of the storage capacitor C1 is electrically connected with the source electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, described
The other end of storage capacitor C1 is electrically connected with the grid of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1；The collector of the triode D1 and the direct current
The positive terminal in source is electrically connected, and the resistance R1 is serially connected between the emitter and base stage of the triode D1；The resistance R2's
One end is connected to the centre of series resistor R4, R5 in the discrete component switch sub-circuit, and the other end is with the triode D1's
Base stage is electrically connected；The cathode terminal of the common cathode diode D2 is electrically connected with the base stage of the triode D1, the common cathode two
The first anode end of pole pipe D2 is connected to the centre of series resistor R4, R5 in the discrete component switch sub-circuit, the common cathode
The second plate end of pole diode D2 is electrically connected with the emitter of the triode D1.
4. a kind of safety protective circuit according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that the electric discharge sub-circuit includes：
Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, capacitance C2, and resistance R3 in parallel and diode D3；Wherein：The negative pole end of the diode D3 is electrically connected to described
Discrete component switchs the centre of series resistor R4, R5 in sub-circuit, the positive terminal of the diode D3 respectively with the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2
Grid, the capacitance C2 one end electrical connection, the capacitance C2 the other end ground connection；The drain electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 with it is described
The drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is electrically connected, the source electrode ground connection of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2.
5. a kind of safety protective circuit according to claim 3, which is characterized in that
After switch K1 in the discrete component switch sub-circuit is closed, the DC power supply passes through the storage capacitor C1, institute
It is grounded by the switch K1 after stating common cathode diode D2, resistance R2 and resistance R5, forms charge circuit, the storage capacitor
C1 charges；When the voltage difference at the both ends the storage capacitor C1 reaches the cut-in voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, the metal-oxide-semiconductor
Q1 is opened, and the DC power supply provides power supply by the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 for the rear class equipment；
After switch K1 in the discrete component switch sub-circuit is disconnected, the triode D1 is opened, and the storage capacitor C1 is logical
The collector and emitter for crossing the triode D1 forms discharge loop so that the electricity stored in the storage capacitor C1 is rapid
Release, to be supplied to the voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 to decline, when the storage capacitor C1 is supplied to the voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1
When dropping to the startup voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 or less, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is closed, and disconnects the DC power supply to the rear class
The power supply that equipment provides.
6. a kind of safety protective circuit according to claim 4, which is characterized in that
After switch K1 in the discrete component switch sub-circuit is closed, the capacitance C2 is supplied to the voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2
It is unable to reach the startup voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 is closed；
After switch K1 in the discrete component switch sub-circuit is disconnected, the capacitance C2 is filled by described resistance R3, R4 formation
Electrical circuit, the capacitance C2 charge；When the voltage difference at the both ends the capacitance C2 reaches the startup voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2
When, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 conductings, the output end vo ut is grounded so that remaining capacity is discharged into ground in the rear class equipment.
7. a kind of safety protective circuit according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is P-channel enhancement type
Metal-oxide-semiconductor, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 are the enhanced metal-oxide-semiconductor of N-channel.
8. a kind of safety protective circuit according to claim 3, which is characterized in that by the way that the delay startup sub-circuit is arranged
The resistance value of middle resistance R2 and the capacitance of the storage capacitor C1 set the delay startup time.
9. a kind of safety protective circuit according to claim 8, which is characterized in that delay startup sub-circuit delay startup institute
The time for stating metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is directly proportional to the resistance value and the resistance value of storage capacitor C1 of resistance R2 in the delay startup sub-circuit.
10. a kind of safety protective circuit control method, which is characterized in that be applied to claim 1-9 any one of them safety
Protection circuit, the safety protective circuit control method include：
Monitoring delay startup sub-circuit is supplied to the voltage of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1；
It is described when the delay startup sub-circuit is supplied to the voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 to reach the startup voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1
Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 conductings, the DC power supply provide power to rear class equipment by the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1；
When the delay startup sub-circuit be supplied to the voltage of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 below the startup voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 when, it is described
Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is closed, to cut off the power supply that the DC power supply is supplied to the rear class equipment；
After the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is closed, electricity remaining in the rear class equipment is discharged by discharge circuit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810161128.4A CN108400702A (en) | 2018-02-27 | 2018-02-27 | A kind of safety protective circuit and its control method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810161128.4A CN108400702A (en) | 2018-02-27 | 2018-02-27 | A kind of safety protective circuit and its control method |
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| CN108400702A true CN108400702A (en) | 2018-08-14 |
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| CN201810161128.4A Pending CN108400702A (en) | 2018-02-27 | 2018-02-27 | A kind of safety protective circuit and its control method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110209536A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-09-06 | 苏州博学智能科技有限公司 | A kind of anti-system exception method of Android system power cut off delay |
| CN112310937A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-02-02 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | Slow start protection circuit and circuit protection integrated chip |
| WO2021093711A1 (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-05-20 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Protection circuit for power supply, and power supply |
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| CN105471243A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2016-04-06 | 南车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | Limitation circuit of starting impact current |
| CN106655724A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-05-10 | 广州视源电子科技股份有限公司 | Power switch circuit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105471243A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2016-04-06 | 南车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | Limitation circuit of starting impact current |
| CN106655724A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-05-10 | 广州视源电子科技股份有限公司 | Power switch circuit |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110209536A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-09-06 | 苏州博学智能科技有限公司 | A kind of anti-system exception method of Android system power cut off delay |
| WO2021093711A1 (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-05-20 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Protection circuit for power supply, and power supply |
| CN112310937A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-02-02 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | Slow start protection circuit and circuit protection integrated chip |
| CN112310937B (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2022-11-04 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | Slow start protection circuit and circuit protection integrated chip |
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