CN108388713A - Gas turbine blades search coverage adaptivenon-uniform sampling and exposure parameter optimization method - Google Patents
Gas turbine blades search coverage adaptivenon-uniform sampling and exposure parameter optimization method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
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- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 18
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- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013139 quantization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000131316 Panax pseudoginseng Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000638935 Senecio crassissimus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of gas turbine blades search coverage adaptivenon-uniform sampling and exposure parameter optimization methods, first, the direction of blade transillumination are determined according to the design feature of blade, and transillumination positioning is carried out to blade on digital radial nondestructive detection system；Then, the cut size along the high direction of leaf is determined by the actual size of flat panel detector imaging region, preliminary subregion is carried out to blade along the high direction of leaf；Finally, further adaptivenon-uniform sampling is done to the search coverage of blade in conjunction with thickness distribution of the blade along transillumination direction and its attenuation characteristic to X-ray spectrum, and optimizes corresponding exposure parameter.In practical applications by CAD model, it can be obtained the Whole Transmission scheme of a certain model blade by numerical computations, the transillumination scheme of blade is planned using method disclosed by the invention, the quality that Digital Detecting image can be greatly improved provides important leverage for follow-up realize to the precise quantification characterization of defect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to industrial x-ray technical field of nondestructive testing, and in particular to a kind of gas turbine blades search coverage from
Adapt to segmentation and exposure parameter optimization method.
Background technology
Gas turbine is widely applied a kind of large-scale rotary vane type chain drive on electricity generation system, large ship.
Blade is as the pneumatic part of core for interacting and realizing energy conversion on gas turbine with working media, and China is at present not yet
The key technology of its manufacture and detection is grasped completely.Due to needing to bear huge work load under high temperature and pressure
Lotus, the manufacture generally use hot investment casting moulding process of blade.However, the process that blade is either still on active service in the fabrication stage
In, it may be all formed in the interior thereof hole, crackle, shrinkage porosite, the defect for the forms such as being mingled with, it is whole by gas turbine is seriously affected
Working performance, service life and the security reliability of operation of machine.Therefore, the detection technique for studying blade defect, to improving
China's gas turbine manufacture level, the technology blockage for breaking through developed country have important and far-reaching strategic importance.
Since blade belongs to complex free curved surface class part, and usually by the nickel-base high-temperature alloy material with greater density
It constitutes.Therefore to its method of the non-destructive testing generally use based on digital radial, that is, industrial X-ray is used to carry out blade saturating
According to realizing the detection to its defect by flat panel detector imaging.It is the imaging resolution height of this method, high sensitivity, intuitive
Reliably, and have the advantages that in practical applications efficient and at low cost.However, using strong attenuating material (such as nickel as a kind of
Base or cobalt base superalloy) complex-curved Varying-thickness part, each position of blade is widely different to the attenuation characteristic of ray.If
Unified exposure parameter is used under the premise of ensureing whole penetrate, can theoretically obtain the detection figure with larger contrast
Picture.But in practical application, the thicker linear sound that can exceed flat panel detector with the attenuation ray intensity of thinner region of blade is penetrated
Answer range so that be drastically deteriorated at the quality of image and be difficult to ensure corresponding region defect accurately identify and quantization table
Sign.Further, since the imaging region dimensions of flat panel detector are limited, blade can not often be realized and be completely covered.
Invention content
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that providing a kind of gas turbine
Blade search coverage adaptivenon-uniform sampling and exposure parameter optimization method, upright blade is positioned on turntable, and selection makes blade exist
The direction with maximal projection area is as transillumination direction on flat panel detector imaging plane, respectively along Ye Gao and leaf width direction
Adaptivenon-uniform sampling is carried out to the search coverage of blade, and the corresponding exposure parameter of the search coverage of segmentation is optimized.
The present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of gas turbine blades search coverage adaptivenon-uniform sampling and exposure parameter optimization method, first, according to blade
Design feature determines the direction of blade transillumination, and transillumination positioning is carried out to blade on digital radial nondestructive detection system；Then, by
The actual size of flat panel detector imaging region determines the cut size along the high direction of leaf, is carried out to blade along the high direction of leaf preliminary
Subregion；Finally, in conjunction with thickness distribution of the blade along transillumination direction and its attenuation characteristic to X-ray spectrum to the search coverage of blade
Further adaptivenon-uniform sampling is done, and optimizes corresponding exposure parameter.
Specifically, blade transillumination direction determine it is specific as follows：
S1011, the CAD model of blade is controlled with step pitch angle around the rotation of its long-pending folded axle, and perpendicular to blade root bottom surface
In plane, the projected area of blade is calculated；
S102, it determines when blade has maximal projection area, the angle α of blade root end face and projection plane.
Specifically, carrying out transillumination positioning to blade on digital radial nondestructive detection system specifically includes following steps：
S201, blade is positioned on turntable, two is arranged on the affixed reference piece in blade root end face, reference piece
Spherical structure, the distance on reference piece between the two spherical structure centre ofs sphere are l；
S202, control turntable rotate a step pitch angle and carry out transillumination to reference piece, are acquired by flat panel detector
Image；
S203, by reference piece two spherical structure of image zooming-out center, calculate two spherical structure centers distance；
If the distance that S204, step S203 are obtained is equal to lsin α, this position is that blade is imaged in flat panel detector
Position with maximal projection in plane；Otherwise, S202~S204 is repeated until finding the transillumination position.
Specifically, the cut size along the high direction of leaf is determined by the actual size of flat panel detector imaging region, along leaf height
It is specific as follows that direction carries out preliminary subregion to blade：
S301, leaf Gao Fang is determined to remove imaging region edge as principle according to the size of flat panel detector imaging region
To primary segmentation size s'h；
S302, compare blade and blade high direction size h and primary segmentation size s'h, it is determined whether it need to be to blade along leaf Gao Fang
To progress subregion：
If the high size h of leaf is less than or equal to primary segmentation size s'h, it is not required to carry out subregion to blade；
If the high size h of leaf is more than primary segmentation size s'h, then need to carry out subregion to blade, and by the high size of leaf and just
Walk number of partitions n of the relationship determination along the high direction of leaf of cut sizeh；
S303, according to number of partitions nh, along the high direction of leaf to blade blade uniform segmentation, and determine along the high direction of leaf most
Whole cut size sh。
Further, along the final cut size s in the high direction of leafhSpecially：
Wherein, h is the high direction size of leaf, nhFor along the number of partitions in the high direction of leaf, a is flat panel detector imaging region ruler
It is very little, s'hFor along the primary segmentation size in the high direction of leaf, int is downward bracket function.
Specifically, be directed to each subregion along the high direction of leaf, in conjunction with thickness distribution of the blade on the transillumination direction,
Blade material is to the attenuation characteristic of X-ray spectrum and the response characteristic of flat panel detector, along leaf width direction to the detecting area of blade
Further adaptivenon-uniform sampling is done in domain, and optimizes corresponding exposure parameter, specific as follows：
S401, finite element grid stroke is carried out with the high direction cut zone of the specified leaf of Pixel Dimensions pair one of flat panel detector
Point, the thickness of blade at each grid along transillumination direction is obtained based on CAD model, and then obtain the subregion in specified transillumination direction
On thickness distribution range [Tmin,Tmax]；
S402, it is directed to a certain cut zone along the high direction of leaf, according to its thickness distribution on specified transillumination direction
Range [Tmin,Tmax], further adaptivenon-uniform sampling is done along leaf width direction to it, and optimize corresponding exposure parameter；
S403, blade search coverage is split.
Specifically, the optimization of step S402 exposure parameters is specific as follows：
S4021, setting along leaf width direction cut zone maximum quantity N, and initialize the cut zone quantity be n=1；
If S4022, judgement n ＞ N, cut zone quantity transfinite；
S4023, determine that the thickness range of segmentation area is as follows according to the quantity of cut zone：
S4024, the exposure parameter of each cut zone is optimized；
S4025, judge whether presence is fallen in linear 2/3rd area of response range center of flat panel detector each cut zone
Exposure parameter in domain such as exists, and selects each cut zone the intermediate value and the detector range of linearity of decay intensity respectively
Optimization exposure parameter of the immediate exposure parameter of intermediate value of intensity as the cut zone, cut zone and exposure parameter optimization
Terminate；It is such as not present, further segmentation is done to blade along leaf width direction, even number of partitions n=n+1, and repeat step S4022
~S4025.
Further, step S4024 is specific as follows：
(a) the minimum tube voltage U that setting tube voltage is determined by X-ray tube load curveminStart, is stepped up until reaching
To X-ray tube maximum tube voltage Umax；
(b) for each tube voltage, tube current is set from the minimum tube current I determined by X-ray tube load curvemin
Start, is stepped up until reaching the corresponding maximum tube current I of the tube voltagemax；
(c) time for exposure is set as definite value；
(d) according to the tube voltage of setting, tube current and time for exposure, corresponding X-ray is obtained by Monte Carlo emulation
Energy spectrum；
(e) it is calculated by Lambert-Beer laws according to X-ray energy spectrum and is designated subregion thickness rangeNickel-base high-temperature alloy material decaying after X-ray radiation intensity
Distribution [I1,I2]；
If distribution [the I of X-ray radiation intensity after (f) decaying1,I2] fall linear response model in flat panel detector
In 2/3 region of center enclosed, then this group of exposure parameter is recorded.
Further, the distribution [I of the X-ray radiation intensity after nickel-base high-temperature alloy material decaying1,I2] be specially：
Wherein, i ∈ [0, n), I0(λ) is X-ray energy spectral distribution function, and μ (λ) is the linear attenuation coefficient of energy spectrum,H is planck constant, and C is the light velocity, and e is electron charge, and U is tube voltage.
Specifically, step S403 is specific as follows：
If S4031, to along leaf width direction adaptive region segmentation and exposure parameter optimize successfully, detected
Region adaptivity divides and exposure parameter optimum results；
S4032, the cut zone [T for being directed to the high direction of specified leafmin,Tmax], using detector pixel size as interval pair
Blade CAD model carries out slice and obtains blade profile；
S4033, according to blade profile suction side curvilinear function and pressure side curvilinear function, obtain it in specified transillumination direction
On thickness profile function g (x) it is as follows：
T=f1(x)-f2(x)=g (x)
Wherein, x is blade along the position in leaf width direction, and t is thickness of the blade profile on transillumination direction, f1(x) it is leaf
Piece section suction side curvilinear function, f2(x) it is blade profile pressure side curvilinear function；
S4034, the thickness profile function according to blade profile on specified transillumination direction, according toDetermine each characteristic cross-section in thickness cut-point
Locate corresponding leaf width position, wherein k ∈ [1, Ns], NsFor number of sections；
S4035, by the corresponding leaf width position of all characteristic cross-sectionsLeast square fitting is done, is obtained thick
Spend cut-pointThe corresponding practical split position along leaf width direction；
The adaptivenon-uniform sampling of S4036, so far search coverage along leaf width direction is completed with the optimization of corresponding exposure parameter.
Compared with prior art, the present invention at least has the advantages that：
The invention discloses a kind of gas turbine blades search coverage adaptivenon-uniform sampling and exposure parameter optimization methods：First
According to the design feature of blade, the direction that principle determines blade transillumination is turned to projection maximum；Then according to flat panel detector at
As the size in region, primary segmentation is carried out to the search coverage of blade along leaf high direction；Finally, in conjunction with blade along transillumination direction
Thickness distribution and its attenuation characteristic to X-ray spectrum, with the linear response range of flat panel detector be constraint to each along leaf
The subregion in high direction does further adaptivenon-uniform sampling along leaf width direction and optimizes corresponding exposure parameter, borrows in practical applications
CAD model is helped, the Whole Transmission scheme of a certain model blade is can be obtained by numerical computations, using method disclosed by the invention
The transillumination scheme for planning blade, can greatly improve the quality of Digital Detecting image, for the follow-up precise quantification table realized to defect
Sign provides important leverage.
Further, the direction that principle determines blade transillumination is turned to projection maximum, feature overlap zone can be effectively reduced
Influence, convenient for subsequently to the extraction of defect characteristic and analysis.Since blade is on the turntable of digital radial nondestructive detection system
It is upright to place, the imaging plane of actual plate detector can be effectively simulated perpendicular to the imaginary plane of blade root bottom surface.And CAD model
Around the rotation of long-pending folded axle, can be achieved by corresponding geometric transformation.
Further, by the reference piece in affixed one spherical structure containing there are two in blade root end face, in conjunction with two spherical shapes
The position relationship (centre of sphere distance) of structure imaging features on flat panel detector obtains the practical placement position of blade and is detected with tablet
Position relationship between device imaging plane.Since the end face of blade root is simple plane characteristic, and the imaging of spherical structure is special
Sign is easily achieved in practical applications convenient for extraction.
Further, the size due to blade along the high direction of leaf is larger, and the imaging region of flat panel detector finite size is past
It is past it to be completely covered.Therefore need in conjunction with flat panel detector imaging region actual size, to blade along the high direction of leaf into
The preliminary subregion of row.This method determines the primary segmentation size in the high direction of leaf to remove the edge of imaging region as principle, can be effective
Avoid the influence of flat panel detector imaging region marginal portion performance degradation.By by this primary segmentation size and the high size of leaf into
Row compares, and determines the number of partitions along the high direction of leaf and final cut size, is easily achieved in practical applications.
Further, it is differed greatly along the thickness change in leaf width direction and the attenuation characteristic resulted from due to blade,
Published method of the present invention divides search coverage by distributed area in different thickness along leaf width direction, and combines flat panel detector
Response characteristic its exposure parameter is optimized respectively, can effectively obtain the Digital Detecting image of high quality and ensure it is follow-up right
The accurately identifying of defect characteristic is analyzed and quantization signifying.
Further, the thickness distribution range of each subregion is determined according to the number of partitions of setting, and as criterion along leaf
Wide direction carries out adaptivenon-uniform sampling to search coverage.It is directed to each thickness distribution range again, with the criteria optimization pair described in this method
The exposure parameter answered.
Further, according to the load curve of X-ray tube, tube voltage and tube current parameter are set separately with a certain step pitch,
All exposure parameter combinations can fully be covered.It is counted using optimisation criteria described in this method for different-thickness distribution
The optimum exposure parameter that word ray nondestructive detection system can be set.
Further, according to along leaf width direction to the adaptivenon-uniform sampling of search coverage as a result, with flat panel detector pixel ruler
It is very little that the CAD model of blade is sliced along the high direction of leaf for interval.By obtaining the thickness profile function in each section, obtain each
The corresponding leaf width position of thickness cut-point, then the practical split position along leaf width direction is obtained by least square fitting, fully examine
The whole thickness distribution rule along leaf width direction of divided search coverage is considered.
Below by drawings and examples, technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is digital radial nondestructive detection system schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is for blade of the present invention along transillumination direction in imaginary imaging plane perspective view；
Fig. 3 is that reference piece of the present invention places schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is reference piece scale diagrams of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is blade perspective view of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is imaging region of the present invention and scale diagrams；
Fig. 7 is FEM meshing schematic diagram of the present invention along the high direction subregion of leaf；
Fig. 8 is X-ray energy spectrum schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the linear response range schematic diagram of flat panel detector of the present invention；
Figure 10 is blade profile of the present invention along transillumination direction thickness distribution schematic diagram；
Figure 11 is the present invention along the practical split position schematic diagram in leaf width direction.
Specific implementation mode
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of gas turbine blades digital radial nondestructive detection system, including system
Imaging device (flat panel detector), turntable, x-ray source and computer, system imaging device, turntable and x-ray source with calculating
Machine connects, and carries out emission control to x-ray source by computer, blade is placed on turntable, is transported to turntable by computer
Dynamic control, to blade, the institute on system imaging device carries out data acquisition to computer at image.
A kind of gas turbine blades search coverage adaptivenon-uniform sampling of the present invention and exposure parameter optimization method, first, according to
The design feature of blade determines the direction of transillumination；Then, in conjunction with the size of flat panel detector imaging region along the high direction of leaf to leaf
The search coverage of piece carries out primary segmentation；Finally, in conjunction with thickness distribution of the blade along transillumination direction and its decaying to X-ray spectrum
Characteristic does further adaptivenon-uniform sampling along leaf width direction and optimizes corresponding exposure and joins to each subregion along the high direction of leaf
Number, is as follows：
S1, blade transillumination direction determine；
S2, transillumination positioning is carried out to blade on digital radial nondestructive detection system；
S3, the segmentation along the high direction of leaf；
Since flat panel detector imaging region dimensions are limited, whole branch blade can not be often covered in the high direction of leaf.It considers
Thickness variation of the blade along the high direction of leaf is little, is determined along the high direction of leaf by the actual size of the imaging region of detector
Cut size, it is specific as follows：
S301, leaf is determined suitably to remove imaging region edge as principle according to the size of flat panel detector imaging region
The primary segmentation size in high direction；
S302, compare the high direction size of blade and blade and primary segmentation size, it is determined whether need to blade along the high direction of leaf into
Row subregion：
If the high size of leaf is less than or equal to primary segmentation size, it is not required to carry out subregion to blade；
If the high size of leaf is more than primary segmentation size, need to carry out subregion to blade, and by the high size of leaf and preliminary point
The relationship for cutting size determines the quantity of subregion；
S303, the quantity according to subregion do even partition to the search coverage of blade along the high direction of leaf, and determine final point
The size cut.
S4, the adaptivenon-uniform sampling along leaf width direction and exposure parameter optimization
As previously mentioned, the thickness distribution of blade is uneven.And the problem is primarily present in the high direction of vertical leaf, i.e. leaf width side
To.In consideration of it, this method is directed to each subregion along the high direction of leaf, in conjunction with thickness of the blade on the transillumination direction point
Cloth, to blade material to the attenuation characteristic of X-ray spectrum and the response characteristic of flat panel detector, the spy along leaf width direction to blade
It surveys region and does further adaptivenon-uniform sampling, and optimize corresponding exposure parameter.It is specific as follows：
S401, thickness distribution range determine
It is directed to the high direction cut zone of a specified leaf, the thickness distribution on transillumination direction is obtained by CAD model
Range.
S402, search coverage adaptivenon-uniform sampling and exposure parameter optimization
S4021, setting maximum fractionation region quantity N, initialize the cut zone quantity n along leaf width direction；
If S4022, judgement n ＞ N, cut zone quantity transfinite；
S4023, it is determined in conjunction with number of partitions to be evenly dividing as principle according to the thickness distribution range for being divided region
Along the thickness distribution range of each cut zone in leaf width direction；
S4024, the exposure parameter (tube voltage, tube current) of each cut zone is optimized, it is specific as follows：
(a) tube voltage is since a certain lower value, with a certain change of stride until reaching the maximum tube voltage of X-ray tube；
(b) allow tube current since a certain lower value according to the load curve of X-ray tube each tube voltage, with
A certain change of stride is until reach the corresponding maximum tube current of the tube voltage；
(c) it is certain value to select the time for exposure；
(d) according to selected tube voltage, tube current and time for exposure, corresponding X-ray is obtained by Monte Carlo emulation
Energy spectrum,
(e) the nickel base superalloy material for being designated subregion thickness range is calculated by Monte Carlo emulation X-ray energy spectrums
X ray intensity x after material decaying；
If (f) attenuation ray radiation intensity is fallen in detector linear response range (2/3 region of center), record should
Group exposure parameter；
S4025, judge whether presence is fallen in detector linear response range (2/3 region of center) each cut zone
Interior exposure parameter：
As existed, the intermediate value and detector linear response range intensity of decay intensity are selected each cut zone respectively
Optimization exposure parameter of the immediate exposure parameter of intermediate value as the cut zone, cut zone and exposure parameter optimization knot
Beam；
It is such as not present, then further (uniform) segmentation is done to blade along leaf width direction, and repeat step S4022~S4025
Until obtaining the optimization exposure parameter of each cut zone.
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.The present invention being described and shown in usually here in attached drawing is real
Applying the component of example can be arranged and be designed by a variety of different configurations.Therefore, the present invention to providing in the accompanying drawings below
The detailed description of embodiment be not intended to limit the range of claimed invention, but be merely representative of the selected of the present invention
Embodiment.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained without making creative work
The every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
S1, blade transillumination direction determine, specific as follows：
S1011, the CAD model of blade is controlled with certain step pitch angle around the rotation of its long-pending folded axle, and vertical (any)
In in the plane (imaginary flat panel detector imaging plane) of blade root bottom surface, the projected area of blade is calculated, as shown in Figure 2；
S102, it determines when blade has maximal projection area, the angle α of blade root end face and projection plane；
S2, transillumination positioning is carried out to blade in digital radial detecting system, it is specific as follows：
S201, blade is positioned over turntable, in the affixed reference piece (such as Fig. 3) in blade root end face, two centre of sphere of reference piece
Distance is l (as shown in Figure 4)；
S202, control turntable rotate a step pitch angle and carry out transillumination to reference piece, are acquired by flat panel detector
Image；
S203, by reference piece two spherical characteristic of image zooming-out center, the distance between calculating center l；
If S204, the distance are equal to lsin α, this position is blade to be had most on flat panel detector imaging plane
The position projected greatly；Otherwise, S202~S204 is repeated until finding the transillumination position.
Next on the transillumination direction, the search coverage of blade is split simultaneously along Ye Gao and leaf width direction respectively
Optimize corresponding exposure parameter.Here by taking a gas turbine turbine blade as an example, search coverage segmentation and exposure ginseng are illustrated
The specific implementation process of number optimization method, it is specific as follows：
S3, the segmentation along the high direction of leaf
The blade portion of blade is along projection of the transillumination direction on flat panel detector imaging plane as shown in figure 5, leaf Gao Fang
To size be h；The imaging plane of flat panel detector is as shown in fig. 6, the size of its imaging region (dotted portion) is：a×a.
S301, determine that the primary segmentation size along the high direction of leaf is by formula (1)：
Wherein：s'hFor along the primary segmentation size in the high direction of leaf, a is detector image-forming area size, int is to take downwards
Integral function.
S302, compare leaf high direction size h and primary segmentation size s'h, it is determined whether need to blade along the high direction of leaf into
Row subregion：If h≤s'h, it is not required to subregion；If h ＞ s'h, subregion is needed, partition scheme is determined by formula (2)：
Wherein：nhFor along the number of partitions in the high direction of leaf.
S303, according to number of partitions, to blade blade along the high direction uniform segmentation of leaf, partitions sizes are：
Wherein, shFor along the final cut size in the high direction of leaf.
S4, the adaptivenon-uniform sampling along leaf width direction and exposure parameter optimization
S401, distribution determine
FEM meshing is carried out with the high direction cut zone of the specified leaf of Pixel Dimensions pair one of flat panel detector (such as
Shown in Fig. 7), (average) thickness of blade at each grid along transillumination direction is obtained based on CAD model, and then obtain the subregion and exist
Thickness distribution range on specified transillumination direction：[Tmin,Tmax]
S402, exposure parameter optimization
It is directed to a certain subregion along the high direction of leaf, according to its thickness distribution range [T on specified transillumination directionmin,
Tmax], further adaptive partition is done along leaf width direction to it, and optimize corresponding exposure parameter, it is specific as follows：
S4021, setting maximum fractionation region quantity N, and the cut zone quantity initialized along leaf width direction is n=1；
If S4022, judgement n ＞ N, cut zone quantity transfinite；
S4023, segmentation area thickness range is determined according to the quantity of cut zone：
S4024, the exposure parameter (tube voltage, tube current) of each cut zone is optimized, it is specific as follows：
(a) tube voltage is set from a certain lower value U0(can be the minimum tube voltage U determined by X-ray tube load curvemin)
Start, is increased up with a certain step pitch and reaches X-ray tube maximum tube voltage Umax；
(b) for each tube voltage, tube current is set from a certain lower value I0(can be true by X-ray tube load curve
Fixed minimum tube current Imin) start, it is increased up with a certain step pitch and reaches the corresponding maximum tube current I of the tube voltagemax；
(c) time for exposure is set as certain value；
(d) according to the tube voltage of setting, tube current and time for exposure, corresponding X-ray is obtained by Monte Carlo emulation
Energy spectrum, as shown in Figure 8；
(e) there are formula (4) and formula (5) to calculate by Lambert-Beer laws according to X-ray energy spectrum and be designated subregion thickness model
It enclosesNickel-base high-temperature alloy material decaying after X-ray radiation it is strong
Distribution [the I of degree1,I2]；
Wherein, I0(λ) is X-ray energy spectral distribution function, and μ (λ) is the linear attenuation coefficient of energy spectrum, λminBy formula (6)
It determines
Wherein, h is planck constant, and C is the light velocity, and e is electron charge, and U is tube voltage.
If distribution [the I of X-ray radiation intensity after (f) decaying1,I2] fall linear response model in flat panel detector
Enclose ([I as shown in Figure 9min,Imax]) 2/3 region of center in, then record this group of exposure parameter；
S4025, judge whether presence is fallen in linear 2/3rd area of response range center of flat panel detector each cut zone
Exposure parameter in domain：
(a) as existed, the intermediate value and detector linear range intensity of decay intensity are selected each cut zone respectively
Optimization exposure parameter of the immediate exposure parameter of intermediate value as the cut zone, cut zone and exposure parameter optimization knot
Beam；
(b) it is such as not present, further (uniform) segmentation is done to blade along leaf width direction, even number of partitions n=n+1, and
Repeat S4022~S4025.
S403, the segmentation of blade search coverage：
If S4031, to along leaf width direction adaptive region segmentation and exposure parameter optimize successfully, can obtain as follows
As a result such as table 1 (here by taking n subregion as an example)：
1 search coverage adaptivenon-uniform sampling of table and exposure parameter optimum results
S4032, cut zone (the thickness distribution range for being directed to the specified high direction of leaf：[Tmin,Tmax]), with detector
Pixel Dimensions are that interval carries out slice acquisition blade profile to blade CAD model；
S4033, according to blade profile suction side curvilinear function and pressure side curvilinear function (such as Figure 10), obtained by formula (7)
Its thickness profile function on specified transillumination direction：
T=f1(x)-f2(x)=g (x) (7)
Wherein, x is blade along the position in leaf width direction, and t is thickness of the blade profile on transillumination direction, f1(x) it is leaf
Piece section suction side curvilinear function, f2(x) it is blade profile pressure side curvilinear function.
S4034, the thickness profile function according to blade profile described in formula (7) on specified transillumination direction, by formula (8)
Determine each characteristic cross-section in thickness cut-pointLocate corresponding leaf width position；
Wherein, k ∈ [1, Ns], NsFor slice (section) quantity.
S4035, by the corresponding leaf width position of all characteristic cross-sectionsLeast square fitting is done, is obtained thick
Spend cut-pointThe corresponding practical split position (as shown in figure 11) along leaf width direction；
The adaptivenon-uniform sampling of S4036, so far search coverage along leaf width direction is completed with the optimization of corresponding exposure parameter.
This method is under conditions of fully considering vane thickness distribution and flat panel detector response characteristic, with different
Exposure parameter carries out subregion transillumination to blade, can greatly improve the quality of leaf digital detection image and be realized to be follow-up to lacking
Sunken precise quantification characterization provides important leverage.In addition, passing through numerical computations by the CAD model of blade in practical applications
The transillumination scheme that can be obtained a certain model blade, effectively improves the efficiency of detection.
The above content is merely illustrative of the invention's technical idea, and protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited with this, every to press
According to technological thought proposed by the present invention, any change done on the basis of technical solution each falls within claims of the present invention
Protection domain within.
Claims (10)
1. gas turbine blades search coverage adaptivenon-uniform sampling and exposure parameter optimization method, which is characterized in that first, according to leaf
The design feature of piece determines the direction of blade transillumination, and transillumination positioning is carried out to blade on digital radial nondestructive detection system；So
Afterwards, the cut size along the high direction of leaf is determined by the actual size of flat panel detector imaging region, along the high direction of leaf to blade into
The preliminary subregion of row；Finally, the spy in conjunction with thickness distribution of the blade along transillumination direction and its attenuation characteristic to X-ray spectrum to blade
It surveys region and does further adaptivenon-uniform sampling, and optimize corresponding exposure parameter.
2. a kind of gas turbine blades search coverage adaptivenon-uniform sampling according to claim 1 and exposure parameter optimization side
Method, which is characterized in that blade transillumination direction determines specific as follows：
S1011, the CAD model of blade is controlled with step pitch angle around the rotation of its long-pending folded axle, and in the plane perpendicular to blade root bottom surface
It is interior, calculate the projected area of blade；
S102, it determines when blade has maximal projection area, the angle α of blade root end face and projection plane.
3. a kind of gas turbine blades search coverage adaptivenon-uniform sampling according to claim 1 or 2 and exposure parameter optimization
Method, which is characterized in that transillumination positioning is carried out to blade on digital radial nondestructive detection system and specifically includes following steps：
S201, blade is positioned on turntable, two spherical shapes is set on the affixed reference piece in blade root end face, reference piece
Structure, the distance on reference piece between the two spherical structure centre ofs sphere are l；
S202, control turntable rotate a step pitch angle and carry out transillumination to reference piece, and image is acquired by flat panel detector；
S203, by reference piece two spherical structure of image zooming-out center, calculate two spherical structure centers distance；
If the distance that S204, step S203 are obtained is equal to lsin α, this position is blade in flat panel detector imaging plane
The upper position with maximal projection；Otherwise, S202~S204 is repeated until finding the transillumination position.
4. a kind of gas turbine blades search coverage adaptivenon-uniform sampling according to claim 1 and exposure parameter optimization side
Method, which is characterized in that the cut size along the high direction of leaf is determined by the actual size of flat panel detector imaging region, along leaf Gao Fang
It is specific as follows to preliminary subregion is carried out to blade：
S301, the high direction of leaf is determined to remove imaging region edge as principle according to the size of flat panel detector imaging region
Primary segmentation size s'h；
S302, compare blade and blade high direction size h and primary segmentation size s'h, it is determined whether blade need to be carried out along the high direction of leaf
Subregion：
If the high size h of leaf is less than or equal to primary segmentation size s'h, it is not required to carry out subregion to blade；
If the high size h of leaf is more than primary segmentation size s'h, then need to carry out subregion to blade, and by the high size of leaf and primary segmentation
The relationship of size determines the number of partitions n along the high direction of leafh；
S303, according to number of partitions nh, along the high direction of leaf to blade blade uniform segmentation, and determine final point along the high direction of leaf
Cut size sh。
5. a kind of gas turbine blades search coverage adaptivenon-uniform sampling according to claim 4 and exposure parameter optimization side
Method, which is characterized in that the final cut size s along the high direction of leafhSpecially：
Wherein, h is the high direction size of leaf, nhFor along the number of partitions in the high direction of leaf, a is flat panel detector imaging region dimensions,
s'hFor along the primary segmentation size in the high direction of leaf, int is downward bracket function.
6. a kind of gas turbine blades search coverage adaptivenon-uniform sampling according to claim 1 and exposure parameter optimization side
Method, which is characterized in that be directed to each subregion along the high direction of leaf, in conjunction with thickness distribution of the blade on the transillumination direction,
Blade material is to the attenuation characteristic of X-ray spectrum and the response characteristic of flat panel detector, along leaf width direction to the detecting area of blade
Further adaptivenon-uniform sampling is done in domain, and optimizes corresponding exposure parameter, specific as follows：
S401, FEM meshing is carried out with the high direction cut zone of the specified leaf of Pixel Dimensions pair one of flat panel detector,
The thickness of blade at each grid along transillumination direction is obtained based on CAD model, and then obtains the subregion on specified transillumination direction
Thickness distribution range [Tmin,Tmax]；
S402, it is directed to a certain cut zone along the high direction of leaf, according to its thickness distribution range on specified transillumination direction
[Tmin,Tmax], further adaptivenon-uniform sampling is done along leaf width direction to it, and optimize corresponding exposure parameter；
S403, blade search coverage is split.
7. a kind of gas turbine blades search coverage adaptivenon-uniform sampling according to claim 6 and exposure parameter optimization side
Method, which is characterized in that the optimization of step S402 exposure parameters is specific as follows：
S4021, setting along leaf width direction cut zone maximum quantity N, and initialize the cut zone quantity be n=1；
If S4022, judgement n ＞ N, cut zone quantity transfinite；
S4023, determine that the thickness range of segmentation area is as follows according to the quantity of cut zone：
S4024, the exposure parameter of each cut zone is optimized；
S4025, judge whether presence is fallen in linear 2/3 region of response range center of flat panel detector each cut zone
Exposure parameter, such as exist, select each cut zone intermediate value and the linear range intensity of detector of decay intensity respectively
Optimization exposure parameter of the immediate exposure parameter of intermediate value as the cut zone, cut zone and exposure parameter optimization knot
Beam；It is such as not present, further segmentation is done to blade along leaf width direction, even number of partitions n=n+1, and repetition step S4022~
S4025。
8. a kind of gas turbine blades search coverage adaptivenon-uniform sampling according to claim 7 and exposure parameter optimization side
Method, which is characterized in that step S4024 is specific as follows：
(a) the minimum tube voltage U that setting tube voltage is determined by X-ray tube load curveminStart, is stepped up until reaching X and penetrates
Spool maximum tube voltage Umax；
(b) for each tube voltage, tube current is set from the minimum tube current I determined by X-ray tube load curveminStart,
It is stepped up until reaching the corresponding maximum tube current I of the tube voltagemax；
(c) time for exposure is set as definite value；
(d) according to the tube voltage of setting, tube current and time for exposure, corresponding X-ray energy is obtained by Monte Carlo emulation
Spectrum；
(e) it is calculated by Lambert-Beer laws according to X-ray energy spectrum and is designated subregion thickness rangeNickel-base high-temperature alloy material decaying after X-ray radiation intensity
Distribution [I1,I2]；
If distribution [the I of X-ray radiation intensity after (f) decaying1,I2] fall linear response range in flat panel detector
In 2/3 region of center, then this group of exposure parameter is recorded.
9. a kind of gas turbine blades search coverage adaptivenon-uniform sampling according to claim 8 and exposure parameter optimization side
Method, which is characterized in that the distribution [I of the X-ray radiation intensity after nickel-base high-temperature alloy material decaying1,I2] be specially：
Wherein, i ∈ [0, n), I0(λ) is X-ray energy spectral distribution function, and μ (λ) is the linear attenuation coefficient of energy spectrum,H is planck constant, and C is the light velocity, and e is electron charge, and U is tube voltage.
10. a kind of gas turbine blades search coverage adaptivenon-uniform sampling according to claim 6 and exposure parameter optimization side
Method, which is characterized in that step S403 is specific as follows：
If S4031, to along leaf width direction adaptive region segmentation and exposure parameter optimize successfully, obtain search coverage
Adaptivenon-uniform sampling and exposure parameter optimum results；
S4032, the cut zone [T for being directed to the high direction of specified leafmin,Tmax], it is interval to blade using detector pixel size
CAD model carries out slice and obtains blade profile；
S4033, according to blade profile suction side curvilinear function and pressure side curvilinear function, obtain it on specified transillumination direction
Thickness profile function g (x) is as follows：
T=f1(x)-f2(x)=g (x)
Wherein, x is blade along the position in leaf width direction, and t is thickness of the blade profile on transillumination direction, f1(x) it is blade profile
Suction side curvilinear function, f2(x) it is blade profile pressure side curvilinear function；
S4034, the thickness profile function according to blade profile on specified transillumination direction, according toDetermine each characteristic cross-section in thickness cut-point
Locate corresponding leaf width position, wherein k ∈ [1, Ns], NsFor number of sections；
S4035, by the corresponding leaf width position of all characteristic cross-sectionsLeast square fitting is done, thickness point is obtained
CutpointThe corresponding practical split position along leaf width direction；
The adaptivenon-uniform sampling of S4036, so far search coverage along leaf width direction is completed with the optimization of corresponding exposure parameter.
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