CN108387953B - Distributed meteorological data acquisition system - Google Patents
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- CN108387953B CN108387953B CN201810154634.0A CN201810154634A CN108387953B CN 108387953 B CN108387953 B CN 108387953B CN 201810154634 A CN201810154634 A CN 201810154634A CN 108387953 B CN108387953 B CN 108387953B
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a distributed meteorological data acquisition system, which comprises a sensing layer, a network layer and an application layer; the sensing layer comprises a plurality of information post offices and a plurality of meteorological data acquisition nodes in communication connection with each information post office, the meteorological data acquisition nodes are used for acquiring meteorological data, and the information post offices are used for gathering the meteorological data and sending the meteorological data to the network layer; the network layer comprises a plurality of gateways and a server in communication connection with the gateways, and the gateways are used for performing protocol conversion on received meteorological data and reporting the meteorological data after the protocol conversion to the server; the application layer comprises a mobile terminal in communication connection with the server, and a software program for data interaction with the server is stored in the mobile terminal. Through a distributed structure and based on a narrow-band Internet of things technology, the coverage range of the meteorological data acquisition system is improved, and therefore the accuracy of the acquired meteorological data is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of the Internet of things, in particular to a distributed meteorological data acquisition system.
Background
The air is a general term for all atmospheric physical phenomena such as wind, rain, thunder and electricity, etc. occurring in the sky, and is increasingly closely related to life, and people pay more and more attention to the change of weather. With the improvement of quality of life, people's attention to microclimates and the demand for acquiring weather information are increasing, and work and life are scheduled according to weather conditions.
In the meteorological data acquisition system in the prior art, the power supply of the meteorological data acquisition node is usually supplied by a battery, and the service life of the meteorological data acquisition node is influenced by the electric quantity stored by the battery. In order to overcome the defect of low battery storage capacity, part of the meteorological data acquisition systems adopt an alternating current power supply to supply power to the working modules of the meteorological data acquisition nodes, so that the coverage range of the meteorological data acquisition systems is influenced, the meteorological data are acquired incompletely comprehensively, and the accuracy of the meteorological data is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, an object of the present application is to provide a distributed meteorological data acquisition system, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the service life of meteorological data acquisition nodes and the coverage area of the meteorological data acquisition system are small.
Based on above-mentioned purpose, this application has provided a distributed meteorological data acquisition system, includes:
a sensing layer, a network layer and an application layer;
the sensing layer comprises a plurality of information post offices and a plurality of meteorological data acquisition nodes in communication connection with each information post office, the meteorological data acquisition nodes are used for acquiring meteorological data and gathering the acquired meteorological data to the information post offices through a base station, and the information post offices are used for sending the received meteorological data to the network layer;
the network layer comprises a plurality of gateways and a server in communication connection with the gateways, the gateways are used for performing protocol conversion on received meteorological data and reporting the meteorological data after the protocol conversion to the server, and the server is used for storing the meteorological data reported by the gateways;
the application layer comprises a mobile terminal in communication connection with the server, a software program for data interaction with the server is stored in the mobile terminal, and the meteorological data stored in the server can be acquired through the software program and displayed in the mobile terminal.
In some embodiments, the meteorological data acquisition nodes are distributed around the base station in a honeycomb fashion.
In some embodiments, the meteorological data collection node comprises a power module, a micro control unit module, a sensor module and a data interaction module, wherein the power module is electrically connected with the micro control unit module, the sensor module and the data interaction module respectively, and is used for supplying power to the micro control unit module, the sensor module and the data interaction module, and the micro control unit module is in communication connection with the sensor module and the data interaction module respectively, and is used for processing the data collected by the sensor module and performing data interaction with the information post office through the data interaction module.
In some embodiments, further comprising:
the power control module, the power control module includes first control unit and second control unit, the power module passes through first control unit to little the control unit module power supply, through the second control unit respectively to the sensor module with the data interaction module power supply, the second control unit with little the control unit module communication connection, little the control unit module passes through second control unit control power to the sensor module with the power supply of data interaction module.
In some embodiments, only after the micro control unit module receives a meteorological data acquisition instruction, the micro control unit module controls the second control unit control power supply to supply power to the sensor module and the data interaction module, acquires meteorological data acquired by the sensor module, sends the acquired meteorological data to the information post office through the data interaction module, and controls the second control unit control power supply to stop supplying power to the sensor module and the data interaction module after sending the meteorological data.
In some embodiments, the data interaction module, in the process of sending the acquired weather data to the information post office, after establishing a communication link with the information post office and sending the acquired weather data to the information post office through the communication link, may enable the communication link to maintain a connection state for a preset time period, and after the preset time period elapses, disconnect the communication link.
In some embodiments, after the communication link is disconnected, the micro control unit module controls the second control unit to control the power supply to stop supplying power to the sensor module and the data interaction module.
In some embodiments, the meteorological data acquisition node comprises at least one of:
the device comprises a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor, a wind direction sensor, a light illumination sensor, a rainfall sensor and a pneumatic pressure sensor.
In some embodiments, the sensors in the meteorological data acquisition nodes have a common backplane and interface.
In some embodiments, the meteorological data acquisition node further comprises a physical quantity data conversion module, and the physical quantity data conversion module performs linear regression on the physical quantity data acquired by the meteorological data acquisition node through a BP algorithm to enable the physical quantity data to correspond to the digital quantity relationship.
The embodiment of the application provides a distributed meteorological data acquisition system, which comprises a sensing layer, a network layer and an application layer; the sensing layer comprises a plurality of information post offices and a plurality of meteorological data acquisition nodes in communication connection with each information post office, the meteorological data acquisition nodes are used for acquiring meteorological data and gathering the acquired meteorological data to the information post offices through a base station, and the information post offices are used for sending the received meteorological data to the network layer; the network layer comprises a plurality of gateways and a server in communication connection with the gateways, the gateways are used for performing protocol conversion on received meteorological data and reporting the meteorological data after the protocol conversion to the server, and the server is used for storing the meteorological data reported by the gateways; the application layer comprises a mobile terminal in communication connection with the server, a software program for data interaction with the server is stored in the mobile terminal, and the meteorological data stored in the server can be acquired through the software program and displayed in the mobile terminal. Through a distributed structure and based on a narrow-band Internet of things technology, the coverage range of the meteorological data acquisition system is improved, and therefore the accuracy of the acquired meteorological data is improved.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed meteorological data acquisition system according to a first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a meteorological data acquisition node of a distributed meteorological data acquisition system according to a second embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating an interrupt processing flow of a meteorological data acquisition node of a distributed meteorological data acquisition system according to a third embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship among a wireless reception interrupt, a wireless reception and processing task, and a wireless transmission task of a meteorological data acquisition node;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between interrupts and tasks associated with AD data;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hardware layer structure of a meteorological data acquisition node of a distributed meteorological data acquisition system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a meteorological data acquisition node of a distributed meteorological data acquisition system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a three-layer BP neural network.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant invention and not restrictive of the invention. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the related invention are shown in the drawings.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
The Narrow-Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is a new generation of Internet of Things communication system, and has the basic technical characteristics of large connection, wide coverage, deep penetration, low cost, low power consumption and the like. The narrowband Internet of things comprises a mobile terminal (namely a man-machine interaction system), an information post office and an NB-IoT terminal which is in communication connection with the information post office through a base station, wherein the NB-IoT terminal takes a microcontroller as a core, has functions of data acquisition, control, operation and the like, has an NB-IoT communication function, even comprises a mechanical structure, and is used for software and hardware entities with specific functions, such as an NB-IoT gas meter, an NB-IoT traffic light, an NB-IoT intelligent agricultural device and the like, namely various actual NB-IoT application products. With the development of narrowband internet of things technology, the NB-IoT application system will become a key technology for many entity industries.
The distributed meteorological data acquisition system in the embodiment of the application adopts the narrowband Internet of things technology in the process of gathering meteorological data, so that the coverage range of the meteorological data acquisition node taking the base station as the center is wider, and the accuracy of the acquired meteorological data is improved.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed meteorological data acquisition system according to an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from fig. 1, the distributed meteorological data acquisition system in this embodiment is divided into three layers of architectures, where the three layers of architectures are respectively: a sensing layer, a network layer and an application layer. By dividing the system into layers, the flexibility of system application can be improved, for example, any one of the three-layer architectures can be changed or replaced, without affecting the stability of the other two-layer architecture.
For the three-layer architecture, the sensing layer comprises a plurality of information post offices, each information post office is provided with one or more communication base stations based on an NB-IoT protocol, and a plurality of weather data acquisition nodes in communication connection with each information post office, the weather data acquisition nodes are used for acquiring weather data and collecting the acquired weather data to the information post offices through the NB-IoT communication base stations, and the information post offices are used for sending the received weather data to the network layer. The plurality of information post offices can be distributed in different areas in a region space, and the meteorological data acquisition nodes can be distributed around the communication base station in a honeycomb manner, so that the omnibearing coverage of the meteorological data acquisition nodes is realized as far as possible. The weather data acquisition node can be provided with a communication module, the base station is in communication connection with the information post office, weather data of the surrounding environment of the place where the weather data acquisition node is located, which are acquired by the weather data acquisition node, are sent to the information post office, and the information post office can store the received weather data and can also directly forward the received weather data.
The network layer comprises a plurality of gateways and a server in communication connection with the gateways, and the gateways are used for receiving meteorological data sent by an information post office in the perception layer and reporting the received meteorological data to the server in communication connection with the gateways. In this embodiment, data transmission may be performed between the information post office in the sensing layer and the server based on a wired or wireless networking technology, data transmission may be performed between the servers and the application layer based on an Internet communication technology, and data transmission protocols adopted in the two data transmission processes are different. The gateway can also be used for carrying out protocol conversion on the received meteorological data and reporting the meteorological data after protocol conversion to the server, and the server is used for storing the meteorological data reported by the gateway. In this embodiment, the server may further perform preliminary processing on the weather data reported by the gateway, for example, the weather conditions (e.g., sunny days, rainy days, etc.) of the surrounding environment where the weather data acquisition node is located may be preliminarily determined according to the weather data.
The application layer comprises a mobile terminal in communication connection with the server, a software program for data interaction with the server is stored in the mobile terminal, and the meteorological data stored in the server can be acquired through the software program and displayed in the mobile terminal. In this embodiment, the mobile terminal may include, but is not limited to, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a smart watch, a notebook computer, or the like. The software program on the mobile terminal can be existed in the mobile terminal as a separate application or can be formed by an embedded program.
The distributed meteorological data acquisition system in the embodiment is based on the narrow-band Internet of things technology, so that the coverage range of the meteorological data acquisition nodes is wider, the coverage range of the meteorological data acquisition system is improved, and the accuracy of the acquired meteorological data is improved.
As an alternative embodiment of the present application, in the above embodiment, the weather data collecting nodes may be distributed around the base station in a honeycomb shape, and each of the weather data collecting nodes may be distributed on the vertex of the "cell" or may be distributed equidistantly on the edge of the "cell", so that the coverage area of each of the weather data collecting nodes is almost the same, and in addition, the positions of the weather data collecting nodes may be set according to the local geographic environment.
The meteorological data acquisition node is designed in an embedded structure and sequentially comprises a hardware layer, a hardware abstraction layer, a function module layer and an application layer from bottom to top as shown in figure 2. Wherein the upper layer module can directly call the function of the lower layer module without knowing the implementation details. The hardware layer is formed by all circuit modules of the meteorological data acquisition node. The hardware abstraction layer is used for abstracting and providing a uniform calling interface for the function module layer on the basis of a circuit of the hardware layer. The function module layer comprises a system kernel module, a peripheral driving module, a calling function library and the like; the system kernel module comprises a task scheduling submodule and an interrupt management submodule, wherein the task scheduling submodule is used for scheduling each application task module of the application layer, and the interrupt management submodule is used for managing an interrupt service routine module of the application layer; the calling function library stores function functions which can be called in the process of executing and interrupting the task; the peripheral driver provides interfaces for calling various peripherals in the hardware layer. The application layer comprises a plurality of application task modules and an interrupt service routine module, so that the data acquisition function of the meteorological data acquisition node is completed in a mode of combining task execution and interrupt processing.
Specifically, the system kernel module is responsible for task scheduling and interrupt management, tasks and interrupts are closely related, and switching of different tasks is accomplished by the interrupt, more precisely, by clicking the interrupt. The interrupt processing process of the system kernel module is divided into two relatively independent parts: kernel ISR and user ISR. The kernel ISR can quickly respond to the interrupt, and realize the mapping from the hardware interrupt to the user ISR; the user ISR is consistent with the interrupt service routine for handling various interrupt events. When the interrupt event is triggered, the internal core ISR is firstly started to execute, then the interrupt vector table is searched, and the corresponding user ISR is switched to execute, so that the mapping from the peripheral hardware interrupt to the interrupt service routine written by the user is realized. If other interrupts are not processed, the other interrupts are executed again, whether a task with higher priority is ready is searched after the completion, if so, the task scheduling is started, the stack pointer is switched, otherwise, the execution of the kernel ISR of the interrupt is completed, and the whole interrupt processing flow is as shown in FIG. 3.
The application task module of the application layer specifically includes: and the main task module is used for finishing initializing the global variables and the function module, creating other non-self-starting tasks, installing an interrupt ISR (interrupt service routine), and enabling the function module to interrupt. The wireless data receiving and processing task module is used for receiving the data frame by radio frequency and executing processing; specifically, receiving messages from an RF message receiving queue, discarding redundant MAC frames, reserving the MAC frames which need to be processed by the terminal node, and directly performing relay forwarding processing if the frames need not be deframed, such as relay frames; if the frame needs to be deframed, such as the frame of the node, the MAC head of the node is stripped to obtain an NWK frame, and response processing corresponding to the command word is executed; processing and responding to the command frame; and finishing the processing of the downlink data for the data frame. When the framing is responded, all the node information of the request is firstly acquired, an APL frame, an NWK frame and an MAC frame (except the MAC checksum) are gradually formed, and the APL frame, the NWK frame and the MAC frame are placed into a message queue to be sent to wait for sending. The wireless transmission task module is used for processing the radio frequency transmission MAC frame; and for each MAC frame (not including the MAC checksum part) to be sent by each frame node, the MAC frame is put into a message queue, the task module takes out one MAC frame from the linked list each time, calculates the MAC checksum, supplements the MAC frame into a complete MAC frame, then calls a PHY (physical layer) function to supplement the MAC frame into a complete physical frame, and sends out the supplemented complete physical frame through RF (radio frequency). The watchdog task module is used for preventing the program from abnormally running away and resetting the watchdog counter at regular time; setting watchdog time, namely resetting the watchdog if the watchdog counter is not cleared within the watchdog time, and setting the time for clearing the watchdog counter to be 800ms in order to ensure normal operation of the program in a normal operation state. And the wireless communication watchdog task module is used for guaranteeing the stability of wireless data between the wireless communication watchdog task module and the gateway and preventing the data acquisition node from receiving and transmitting wireless data for a long time. Because the gateway needs to upload node data every minute, the wireless communication watchdog is reset when the meteorological data acquisition node does not receive a wireless data packet in each polling period (the polling period is also 1 minute). The operation indicator light task module: and switching the bright and dark states once per second to indicate whether the nodes operate normally or not. When the node operates abnormally, the node appears normally bright or normally dark, and whether the node operates normally or not can be judged quickly. And the AD data acquisition and refreshing task module is used for sampling 1 time by the ADC at a fixed time within 1 second to acquire the chip temperature, the chip voltage and 7 paths of AD sampling values. Meanwhile, a double-buffer mechanism is adopted to ensure the freshness of the AD data, level jitter is eliminated by means of median and mean filtering, and a BP algorithm is used for carrying out physical quantity regression on the AD data. And the AD data storage task module is used for storing the latest AD data once every minute, and comprises the AD value of each channel and the data quality control state of the channel, wherein the AD value is correct, wrong, missing and the like.
The interrupt service routine module specifically includes: and the wireless data receiving interruption module is used for generating interruption when receiving one frame of physical frame data, informing that the physical frame data is put into the FIFO buffer area, and then executing interruption ISR. The wind speed sensor counting interruption module is used for generating primary overflow interruption when an overtime period is reached; generating a channel interrupt when the channel 0 generates an input capture interrupt event, and simultaneously counting the frequency signal of the wind speed sensor by increasing the global variable; the maximum wind speed supported by the wind speed sensor is 60m/s, the resolution is 0.1m/s, then the input capture signal can be generated at most 600 times per second, and 1200 times per second of signals need to be collected according to the Nyquist sampling theorem, so that the sampling period is set to be 0.8ms when the input capture of the TPM0 module is initialized, and 1250 times per second can be sampled to meet the signal collection requirement; the rainfall sensor counting interruption module is used for generating one-time overflow interruption when the overtime period is up; a channel interrupt is generated once when channel 0 generates an input capture interrupt event while the global variable is incremented to count the frequency signal of the rain sensor. The maximum rainfall supported by the rainfall sensor is 4mm/min, the resolution is 0.1mm/min, the sampling period is set to be 2.5ms, and the sampling requirement of 80 times per minute can be met. And the air pressure sensor serial port interruption module is used for generating primary interruption every time one byte is received, and if an air pressure value data packet sent by the air pressure sensor is received, the air pressure value data packet is put into the global array.
The meteorological data acquisition node completes the data acquisition and data transmission functions of the meteorological data acquisition node in a mode of combining task execution and interrupt processing, and specifically comprises the following steps: three interrupts and tasks related to wireless data receiving and sending are respectively a wireless receiving interrupt, a wireless receiving and processing task and a wireless sending task, and data is transmitted through a wireless receiving message queue and a wireless sending message queue, and the relationship among the three tasks is shown in figure 4. The AD data interruption and task relation can be three types of serial port communication signals, AD signals and input capture signals according to different sensor signals generated by the sensor, and different modes are respectively used for data processing. The number of the interruption and the task related to the AD data is five, namely, the serial port communication interruption of the air pressure sensor, the counting interruption of the wind speed sensor, the counting interruption of the rainfall sensor, the AD data acquisition and refreshing task and the AD data storage task, and the relation among the interruption and the task is shown in figure 5.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hardware layer structure of a weather data collection node of the distributed weather data collection system according to the embodiment of the present application. As an embodiment of the present application, the meteorological data acquisition node comprises a power module 201, a micro control unit module 202, a sensor module 203 and a data interaction module 204. The power module 201 is electrically connected to the micro control unit module 202, the sensor module 203, and the data interaction module 204 (the connecting lines with arrows in the figure represent an electrical connection mode) respectively, and is configured to supply power to the micro control unit module 202, the sensor module 203, and the data interaction module 204, and the micro control unit module 202 is communicatively connected to the sensor module 203 and the data interaction module 204 respectively (the broken lines in the figure represent a communication connection mode), and is configured to process data acquired by the sensor module, and perform data interaction with the information post office through the data interaction module. In this embodiment, the power module 201 may be a battery. In addition, the mcu module 202 can also control the power module 201 to be powered on or powered off with the sensor module 203 and the data interaction module 204. When the power module 201 does not supply power to the sensor module 203 and the data interaction module 204, the meteorological data acquisition node is in a standby state, so that electric energy can be saved, and the service cycle of the meteorological data acquisition node is further prolonged.
As a specific implementation manner of the meteorological data acquisition node of the meteorological data acquisition system of the present application, the meteorological data acquisition node in the above embodiment may further include a power supply control module. Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a weather data collection node of the distributed weather data collection system according to the embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 7, the meteorological data acquisition node of the present embodiment includes a power module 201, a micro control unit module 202, a sensor module 203, a data interaction module 204, and a power control module 205. The power control module 205 includes a first control unit 2051 and a second control unit 2052, the power module 201 supplies power to the mcu module 202 through the first control unit 2051, and supplies power to the sensor module 203 and the data interaction module 204 through the second control unit 2052, the second control unit 2052 is in communication connection with the mcu module 202, and the mcu module 202 controls the power supply to supply power to the sensor module 202 and the data interaction module 202 through the second control unit 2052.
In this embodiment, only after the micro control unit module 202 executes the weather data obtaining instruction, the micro control unit module 202 controls the second control unit 2052 to control the power supply to supply power to the sensor module 203 and the data interaction module 204, and obtain the weather data collected by the sensor module 203, and sends the obtained weather data to the information post office through the data interaction module 204, and after the sending of the weather data is completed, controls the second control unit 2052 to control the power supply module to stop supplying power to the sensor module 203 and the data interaction module 204.
As an optional implementation manner of this embodiment, the power module 201 may periodically supply power to the power control module 205, and in a non-operating state, the power module 201 does not supply power to the power control module 205, and at this time, the meteorological data acquisition node is in a standby state, so as to save electric energy. When the power module 201 supplies power to the power control module 205, firstly, the first control unit 2051 is supplied with power, the first control unit 2051 supplies power to the micro control unit module 202, at this time, the micro control unit module 202 is in a wake-up state, the micro control unit module 202 controls the second control unit 2052 to respectively supply power to the sensor module 203 and the data interaction module 204, so that the sensor module 203 and the data interaction module 204 are in a wake-up state (i.e., a working state), the sensor module 203 acquires environmental weather data and sends the environmental weather data to the micro control unit module 202, and the micro control unit module 202 controls the data interaction module 204 to send the acquired weather data to the information post office through a corresponding base station. After the meteorological data is sent, the power module stops supplying power to the power control module 205, and at this time, the mcu module 202, the sensor module 203, and the data interaction module 204 are in a sleep state (i.e., non-operating state). Therefore, the electric energy can be saved to a certain extent, and the service life of the meteorological data acquisition node is prolonged.
As an optional embodiment of the present application, in the process of sending the acquired weather data to the information post office, the data interaction module establishes a communication link with the information post office, and after sending the acquired weather data to the information post office through the communication link, the data interaction module may keep the communication link in a connection state within a preset time period, and after the preset time period, disconnect the communication link. In the process that the communication link keeps the connection state, the data interaction module sends the meteorological data sent by the micro control unit module to the information post office, or sends the information to the micro control unit module due to the sent access request, so that the communication link is prevented from being built and removed once every time data transmission is carried out, the electric energy is saved, and the service life of the meteorological data acquisition node is prolonged.
As an optional embodiment of the present application, after the communication link is disconnected, the mcu module may also control the second control unit to control the power supply to stop supplying power to the sensor module and the data interaction module.
As an optional embodiment of the present application, the meteorological data acquisition node comprises at least one of:
the device comprises a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor, a wind direction sensor, a light illumination sensor, a rainfall sensor and a pneumatic pressure sensor. The sensors in the meteorological data acquisition nodes are provided with universal bottom plates and interfaces so as to facilitate increase and decrease of the meteorological data acquisition nodes and change of types.
As an optional embodiment of the present application, the meteorological data acquisition node further includes a physical quantity data conversion module, and the physical quantity data conversion module performs linear regression on the physical quantity data acquired by the meteorological data acquisition node through a BP algorithm, so that the physical quantity data corresponds to the digital quantity relationship. The BP neural network essentially realizes a mapping function from input to output, and mathematical theory proves that the neural network with three layers can approximate any nonlinear continuous function with any precision. The learning process of the BP neural network is divided into two stages of a forward propagation process of information and a backward propagation process of errors. The externally input signal is processed and propagated forwards to the output layer through the neurons of the input layer and the hidden layer to give a result. If the expected output can not be obtained at the output layer, the process is switched to the reverse propagation process, the error between the actual value and the network output is returned along the originally connected path, and the error is correctedAnd (3) changing the connection weight of each layer of neuron to reduce the error, then switching to a forward propagation process, and repeating iteration until the error is less than a given value. Taking a three-layer network (see FIG. 8) as an example, the network consists of N input neurons, K hidden neurons, and M output neurons, O2pmAnd O1pkOutput values of the output layer and hidden layer, w2kmAnd w1nkRespectively connecting weight values from a hidden layer to an output layer and from an input layer to the hidden layer, and setting an input learning sample as xpnCorresponding to a desired output value of tpm。
The standard algorithm steps are as follows:
(1) initializing a weight value, setting a learning rate mu, an allowable error epsilon, a maximum iteration number and setting a loop step number i to be 0.
(2) And (3) forward calculation:
the p sample (X)p＝{xp1...xpN}) are sequentially inputted into the network, and O1 is respectively calculated as followspkAnd O2pm：
The activation function usually adopts a sigmoid function:
(3) calculating mean square error
If E is less than or equal to epsilon, stopping iteration, and if not, executing the next step.
(4) And (3) reverse calculation: and calculating the change amount of the weight value. The formula is as follows:
while
-δpm(i)＝(tpm-O2pm(i))O2pm(i)(1-O2pm(i)) (5)
Changing the weight:
w1nk(i+1)＝w1nk(i)+Δw1nk(i+1) (7)
w2km(i+1)＝w2km(i)+Δw2km(i+1) (8)
(5) and setting i to i +1, and returning to the step (2).
The three-layer BP network model realized by the algorithm consists of an input layer unit, three hidden layer units and an output layer unit, is consistent with a model for performing physical quantity regression on meteorological data acquisition nodes, and comprises 6 weight values and 4 output values. And taking the measured data pair consisting of the AD value and the true value as a data pair for carrying out BP algorithm learning, deleting the data pair when the data are relatively close to each other, finally determining 20 groups as learning data pairs for carrying out BP parameter learning, calculating to obtain a BP parameter, and setting the command to enable the meteorological data acquisition node to take the learned BP parameter as a standard parameter for physical quantity regression.
Through the neural network model, the correspondence of the physical quantity data and the digital quantity relation can be realized.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the application and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the scope of the invention herein disclosed is not limited to the particular combination of features described above, but also encompasses other arrangements formed by any combination of the above features or their equivalents without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, the above features may be replaced with (but not limited to) features having similar functions disclosed in the present application.
Claims (7)
1. A distributed meteorological data acquisition system, comprising:
a sensing layer, a network layer and an application layer;
the sensing layer comprises a plurality of information post offices and a plurality of meteorological data acquisition nodes in communication connection with each information post office, the meteorological data acquisition nodes are used for acquiring meteorological data and gathering the acquired meteorological data to the information post offices through a base station, and the information post offices are used for sending the received meteorological data to the network layer;
the network layer comprises a plurality of gateways and a server in communication connection with the gateways, the gateways are used for performing protocol conversion on received meteorological data and reporting the meteorological data after the protocol conversion to the server, and the server is used for storing the meteorological data reported by the gateways; the server is also used for determining the weather condition of the surrounding environment where the meteorological data acquisition node is located;
the application layer comprises a mobile terminal in communication connection with the server, a software program for data interaction with the server is stored in the mobile terminal, and the meteorological data stored in the server can be acquired through the software program and displayed in the mobile terminal;
the meteorological data acquisition node comprises a power module, a micro control unit module, a sensor module and a data interaction module, wherein the power module is respectively electrically connected with the micro control unit module, the sensor module and the data interaction module and is used for supplying power to the micro control unit module, the sensor module and the data interaction module, the micro control unit module is respectively in communication connection with the sensor module and the data interaction module and is used for processing the data acquired by the sensor module and performing data interaction with the information post office through the data interaction module,
the meteorological data acquisition system still includes:
the power supply control module comprises a first control unit and a second control unit, the power supply module supplies power to the micro control unit module through the first control unit, the sensor module and the data interaction module are respectively supplied with power through the second control unit, the second control unit is in communication connection with the micro control unit module, and the micro control unit module controls the power supply to the sensor module and the data interaction module through the second control unit; only after the micro control unit module receives a meteorological data acquisition instruction, the micro control unit module controls the second control unit to control the power supply to supply power to the sensor module and the data interaction module and acquire meteorological data acquired by the sensor module, the acquired meteorological data is sent to the information post office through the data interaction module, and after the meteorological data is sent, the second control unit is controlled to control the power supply to stop supplying power to the sensor module and the data interaction module;
the power supply module periodically supplies power to the power supply control module, and the power supply module does not supply power to the power supply control module in a non-working state; when a power supply module supplies power to the power supply control module, firstly supplying power to the first control unit, supplying power to the micro control unit module by the first control unit, enabling the micro control unit module to be in an awakening state, controlling the second control unit to respectively supply power to the sensor module and the data interaction module by the micro control unit module, enabling the sensor module and the data interaction module to be in the awakening state, acquiring environmental meteorological data by the sensor module and sending the environmental meteorological data to the micro control unit module, and controlling the data interaction module by the micro control unit module to send the acquired meteorological data to an information post office through a corresponding base station; after the meteorological data is sent, the power supply module stops supplying power to the power supply control module, and at the moment, the micro control unit module, the sensor module and the data interaction module are in a dormant state.
2. The weather data acquisition system of claim 1, wherein the weather data acquisition nodes are distributed around the base station in a honeycomb pattern.
3. The weather data acquisition system of claim 1, wherein the data interaction module is configured to, during the sending of the acquired weather data to the information post office, establish a communication link with the information post office and send the acquired weather data to the information post office via the communication link, cause the communication link to continue to be connected for a predetermined period of time, and after the predetermined period of time has elapsed, disconnect the communication link.
4. The meteorological data acquisition system of claim 3, wherein the micro control unit module controls the second control unit to control the power supply to stop supplying power to the sensor module and the data interaction module after the communication link is disconnected.
5. The meteorological data acquisition system of claim 1, wherein the meteorological data acquisition node comprises at least one of:
the device comprises a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor, a wind direction sensor, a light illumination sensor, a rainfall sensor and a pneumatic pressure sensor.
6. The meteorological data acquisition system of claim 5, wherein the sensors in the meteorological data acquisition nodes have a universal backplane and an interface.
7. The meteorological data acquisition system according to claim 5, wherein the meteorological data acquisition node further comprises a physical quantity data conversion module, and the physical quantity data conversion module performs linear regression on the physical quantity data acquired by the meteorological data acquisition node through a BP algorithm to enable the physical quantity data to correspond to a digital quantity relationship.
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| CN112003922B (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2023-06-06 | 杭州指令集智能科技有限公司 | Data transmission method and device |
| CN116192303A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-05-30 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Weather sensing method, device, communication equipment and storage medium |
| CN114500585A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-05-13 | 广东亿嘉和科技有限公司 | Epoll-based network sensor acquisition system and method |
| CN114567862B (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2024-05-17 | 苏州大学 | Pipe network monitoring terminal system |
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