CN108387937A - A kind of crossed dipoles anisotropy fast inversion method and system - Google Patents
A kind of crossed dipoles anisotropy fast inversion method and system Download PDFInfo
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- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of crossed dipoles anisotropy fast inversion method and system, the method, including：Pending data is pre-processed；Pending data includes four componets data；Pending data is rotated, the azimuth with fast transverse wave or slow shear-wave orientation angle at 45 ° is obtainedUtilize azimuthWhenFor fast shear azimuth when, bring θ into rotation formulas, obtain fast transverse wave waveform and slow shear-wave waveform；Fast transverse wave waveform and slow shear-wave waveform are obtained into Shear Waves Splitting slowness difference δ s for Shear Waves Splitting slowness difference inverting by Waveform Matching principle；Slow shear-wave waveform array is obtained into slow shear-wave slowness s2 for slow shear-wave slowness inverting by lienar prediction theory.The present invention converts three parametric joint invertings to the substep inverting of three single parameters, simplifies the calculating of object function, reduces the singularity of inverting, has both improved inverting stability, also improves the speed of inverting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to applied geophysics logging technique field, more particularly to a kind of crossed dipoles anisotropy is quick
Inversion method and system.
Background technology
The anisotropy for detecting stratum has important role, the anisotropy origin cause of formation on stratum to have two unconventionaloil pool exploitation
Major class：One kind is caused by the Oriented Fracture or alternating sequence on stratum itself, and one kind is to be caused by the crustal stress biased, therefore know
The anisotropy on other stratum can detect the crack on stratum or suffered crustal stress.At this stage, general using intersection in well logging
Four componets data measured by dipole obtains the anisotropic parameters on stratum by inverting：Including the Shear Waves Splitting time difference and soon
The azimuth of shear wave or slow shear-wave.The method of inverting generally uses the Waveform Matching side of Alford rotations or three parameter Simultaneous Inversions
Method.Spinning solution is since there are 90 ° of uncertainty, general less uses under faint anisotropic formation.Waveform Matching side
Although method can obtain it is more stable as a result, but due to being three parametric joint invertings, especially because needing non-to one
Linear stronger function carries out global optimization, and efficiency is generally relatively low, as a result may also be unstable.
Invention content
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is the wave character of four components in the case where considering transversely isotropic formation
On the basis of, it is proposed that a kind of crossed dipoles anisotropy fast inversion method and system, by existing three parametric joints inverting
Become three step inversion methods, one parameter of each step inverting had both improved the speed of inverting, and also enhanced the stability of result.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a kind of crossed dipoles anisotropy fast inversion methods, including：To pending
Data are pre-processed；The pending data includes four componets data；Rotate the pending data, obtain with fast transverse wave or
The azimuth at slow shear-wave orientation angle at 45 °Utilize the azimuthWhenFor fast shear azimuth when, θ is brought into
Rotation formula obtains fast transverse wave waveform and slow shear-wave waveform；The fast transverse wave waveform and the slow shear-wave waveform are used for speed
Shear-wave slowness difference inverting obtains Shear Waves Splitting slowness difference δ s by Waveform Matching principle；The slow shear-wave waveform array is used for
Slow shear-wave slowness inverting obtains slow shear-wave slowness s2 by lienar prediction theory.
Preferably, the rotation pending data, structure object function Esita：
Wherein,WithFor by the four componets data rotation angleObtained component in the same direction.
Preferably, described that the fast transverse wave waveform and the slow shear-wave waveform are used for Shear Waves Splitting slowness difference inverting, lead to
Cross Waveform Matching principle, structure object function Eds：
Wherein, δ s indicate that Shear Waves Splitting slowness is poor, and FP indicates that fast transverse wave waveform, SP indicate slow shear-wave waveform, zmExpression sound
For wave to m-th of receiver along borehole wall propagation distance, m indicates receiver position.
Preferably, including：When the minimum value of the object function is present in positive value, then θ is directed toward fast shear azimuth；Work as institute
The minimum value of object function is stated present in negative value, then θ is directed toward slow shear-wave orientation, enables+90 ° of θ=θ to be directed toward fast shear azimuth,
And fast transverse wave waveform and slow shear-wave waveform are exchanged.
Preferably, the slow shear-wave waveform array is used for slow shear-wave slowness inverting, by lienar prediction theory, builds target
Function Es2：
Wherein, s2 indicates that the slow shear-wave slowness of traversal, d indicate receiver interval.
Preferably, the Shear Waves Splitting slowness difference δ s are combined with slow shear-wave slowness s2, are obtained anisotropy size and are：
Ani=δ s/s2.
Preferably, the angle, θ needs to determine plus instrument rotation angles AZ described fast when handling practical logging data
Shear wave orientation.
Preferably, described using lienar prediction theory, including, it predicts the waveform in the roads m using n-th waveform, leads to
It crosses and is compared with prediction waveform per the actual waveform on one, carry out the slowness of inverting slow shear-wave.
Second aspect, the present invention provides a kind of crossed dipoles anisotropy fast inversion systems, including：To pending
Data are pre-processed；The pending data includes four componets data；Rotate the pending data, obtain with fast transverse wave or
The azimuth at slow shear-wave orientation angle at 45 °Utilize the azimuthWhenFor fast shear azimuth when, θ is brought into
Rotation formula obtains fast transverse wave waveform and slow shear-wave waveform；The fast transverse wave waveform and the slow shear-wave waveform are used for speed
Shear-wave slowness difference inverting obtains Shear Waves Splitting slowness difference δ s by Waveform Matching principle；The slow shear-wave waveform array is used for
Slow shear-wave slowness inverting obtains slow shear-wave slowness s2 by lienar prediction theory.
The present invention accelerates inversion speed by the way that three parametric joint invertings are changed to three parameter substep invertings；The inverting side
Parameter dependence is all not present using traversal inverting in case, it is as a result more reliable and more stable；In fast shear azimuth inverting, side
Position individually carries out inverting, increases angle sensitivity using the auxiliary waveform to angle derivation compared in three parametric joint invertings
Degree, angle ratio in inverting aggravate, and the fast shear azimuth that inverting obtains has more confidence level；In the process of Linear Prediction filter
In, array Wave data is taken full advantage of, the repetitive rate of information of acoustic wave is increased, to effectively inhibit influence of noise, improves slowness
Inversion accuracy.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the shear wave measuring principle in the circumferential anisotropic stratum of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart for the crossed dipoles anisotropy fast inversion method that the embodiment of the present invention one provides；
Fig. 3 (a) be under the weak anisotropy that provides of the embodiment of the present invention one four componets data add make an uproar after first row waveform；
Fig. 3 (b) is three object function curves of inverting under the weak anisotropy that the embodiment of the present invention one provides, from left to right
It is followed successively by inverting 45° angle curve, Shear Waves Splitting slowness difference curve and slow shear-wave slowness curve；
Fig. 4 (a) be under the strong anisotropy that provides of the embodiment of the present invention one four componets data add make an uproar after first row waveform；
Fig. 4 (b) is three object function curves of inverting under the strong anisotropy that the embodiment of the present invention one provides, from left to right
It is followed successively by inverting 45° angle curve, Shear Waves Splitting slowness difference curve and slow shear-wave slowness curve；
Fig. 5 is the pretreated component XX in the same direction and YY waveforms of X4202 meters of depth provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention；
Three object function songs of X4202 meters of depth when Fig. 6 is inverting practical logging data provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention
Line is from left to right followed successively by inverting 45° angle curve, Shear Waves Splitting slowness difference curve and slow shear-wave slowness curve；
Fig. 7 is the fast transverse wave waveform and slow shear-wave that X4202 meters of depth substep inverting provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention obtains
Waveform.
Specific implementation mode
To make the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention and becoming apparent from for advantage expression, below by drawings and examples,
Technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is that the shear wave in the circumferential anisotropic stratum of the present invention measures.As shown in Figure 1, crossed dipoles measurement obtain four
Component data includes two component XX and YY (directions X/Y emit the directions X/Y and receive) in the same direction and two cross-products XY and YX
(directions X/Y emit the directions Y/X and receive).The Anisotropic inversion method of the present invention is to be directed to four componets data, using each to different
Three parameter substep invertings of property, the anisotropic size of fast and reliable ground inverting and orientation.
It is to detect three parameter substep inversion methods in the stability and reliability of different degrees of anisotropy, example
One, using under the two kinds of stratum time-domain finite difference numerical simulation circumferential anisotropy ani=0.5% and ani=25%
Four componets data.(because defining fast shear azimuth at 0~180 °, fast shear azimuth is formation parameter as shown in table 1
171°)：
Anisotropically layer parameter in 1 finite difference modelling of table
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of crossed dipoles anisotropy fast inversion method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.Such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show, the present invention proposes a kind of crossed dipoles anisotropy fast inversion method, and steps are as follows for specific implementation：
Step S201, pre-processes pending data；Pending data includes four componets data.
Specifically, data prediction includes going gain (when necessary), filtering (when necessary) and calculation processing window i.e. adding window.
In order to consider inversion method anti-noise ability, to the four componets data for the circumferential anisotropic formation that finite difference numerical simulation obtains
It carries out plus carries out subsequent inverting again after making an uproar.Two stratum add make an uproar after Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)=10, add four component waveforms such as Fig. 3 after making an uproar
(a) and shown in Fig. 4 (a).
In example one, pretreatment need not carry out gain and filtering.
Step S202 rotates pending data, obtains the azimuth with fast transverse wave or slow shear-wave orientation angle at 45 °
Specifically, according to shear wave splitting caused by anisotropic polarity effect, by wave when the shear wave splitting that sound source is sent out
Shape projects to speed major axes orientation, and X and Y-direction are projected to again from major axes orientation when receiver receives.By passing in the earth formation
It broadcasts and projects twice, two component XX/YY in the same direction that receiver receives can indicate as follows：
Wherein, angles of the θ between sound source and fast shear azimuth, S (t) are sound source waveform, and s1 and s2 are respectively fast transverse wave
Slowness and slow shear-wave slowness, z are sound wave along borehole wall propagation distance.
By formula (1) it is found that when θ=45 °, XX, YY are respectively：
So in the orientation with 45 ° of fast shear azimuth angle, component XX=YY in the same direction.For the four componets data area with measurement
Point, the component in the same direction in other orientation rotated is denoted asWith For rotation angle.It is obtained by following formula
It arrives：
Accordingly when determining fast shear azimuth angle, we can be first with two components in the same directionWith
Difference minimum obtains the angle with 45 ° of fast shear azimuth angleIt is right againThe orientation of Shear Waves Splitting just can be obtained.Instead
Drill 45° angle object function EsitaIt establishes as follows：
Fig. 3 (b) and Fig. 4 (b) left figures are respectively two stratum inverting 45° angle object function curves.
Step S203, utilizes azimuthWhenFor fast shear azimuth when, bring θ into rotation formulas (3), obtain
To fast transverse wave waveform and slow shear-wave waveform, fast transverse wave waveform and slow shear-wave waveform are used for Shear Waves Splitting slowness difference inverting, passed through
Waveform Matching principle obtains Shear Waves Splitting slowness difference δ s.
Using obtained slow shear-wave waveform, fast transverse wave waveform is matched according to Shear Waves Splitting slowness difference δ s, traversal δ s are obtained
With fast transverse wave and δ s at rotation fast transverse wave difference minimum, fast shear azimuth is determined in conjunction with δ s sizes.
In inverting Shear Waves Splitting slowness difference δ s, because the Shear Waves Splitting in same stratum has waveform similarity, we
The position that the same SP waves for receiving position are moved forward to FP waves in time is matching, comparison match waveform and fast transverse wave wave
Shape difference, structure object function Eds：
Figure is respectively two stratum inverting Shear Waves Splitting slowness difference object function curves in Fig. 3 (b) and Fig. 4 (b).δ s are from negative value
It is traversed to positive value.If the minimum value of object function, at negative value, θ is actually pointed to for slow shear-wave orientation, enable θ
+ 90 ° of=θ exchanges FP and SP waveforms to be directed toward fast shear azimuth.If minimum value, present in positive value, θ is directed toward fast transverse wave
Orientation, FP and SP correspond to the main wave of speed respectively.
Slow shear-wave waveform array is obtained slow cross by step S204 for slow shear-wave slowness inverting by lienar prediction theory
Wave slowness s2.
Specifically, the inverting of slow shear-wave slowness s2 uses lienar prediction theory, using n-th slow shear-wave waveform come pre-
The slow shear-wave waveform for surveying the roads m carrys out the slow of inverting slow shear-wave by being compared with prediction waveform per the actual waveform on one
Degree.The inversion objective function E of slownesssIt is as follows：
S2 indicates that the slow shear-wave slowness of traversal, d indicate receiver interval in above formula.
Fig. 3 (b) and Fig. 4 (b) right is two stratum inverting slow shear-wave slowness object function curves.
By three above object function substep inverting, θ is inverting fast shear azimuth, and ani=δ s/s2 indicate each to different
Property size, so that it may to be obtained accurately and quickly anisotropic orientation and size.As shown in table 2 (because defining fast shear azimuth
At 0~180 °, so fast shear azimuth is 171 °.It is the anisotropy size and orientation of simulated formation in table bracket)：
2 analogue data of table adds make an uproar after substep inversion result
As can be seen from Table 2 in very noisy, the three anisotropic methods of parameter substep inverting are in weak anisotropy
Can stablize accurately inverting obtains anisotropic orientation and size with strong anisotropic formation, has good anti-noise acoustic energy
Power.
In example two, practical logging number is handled using three parameter substep inverting anisotropic approaches in the present invention
According to wherein specific steps and the step in embodiment one are essentially identical.
The orientation and size that the anisotropy orientation and size that inverting obtains are provided with existing business software are compared such as Fig. 5 institutes
Show.Wherein the comparison of fast shear azimuth is shown in left figure, and the comparison of anisotropy size is shown in right figure.It can be with from Fig. 5
Find out, this method result and joint inversion result consistency are good, are changed greatly with anisotropy in faint anisotropic formation
It place can the reliablely and stablely anisotropic size of inverting and orientation.
Fig. 6-Fig. 8 is inverting example at certain depth point X4202m.Fig. 6 is that depth point component in the same direction is extensive by gain
Waveform that is multiple and being filtered after simultaneously time-domain windowed.Fig. 7 is that the depth point four componets data carries out three when three parameter substep invertings
The curve of a object function.Fig. 8 is the fast transverse wave waveform and slow shear-wave waveform that the depth point inverting obtains.As can be seen from the figure
In bending wave in window, fast transverse wave waveform slightly leads over slow shear-wave waveform, but two train waves are sufficiently close to, and in inversion result Fig. 5
The weak anisotropy result that the position inverting obtains is consistent.
Since this method converts three parametric joint invertings to the substep inverting of three single parameters, object function is simplified
Calculating, reduce the singularity of inverting, both improved inverting stability, also improve the speed of inverting.
Second aspect, the invention also provides a kind of crossed dipoles anisotropy fast inversion systems, including：Treat place
Reason data are pre-processed；Pending data includes four componets data；Pending data is rotated, is obtained and fast transverse wave or slow shear-wave
The azimuth at orientation angle at 45 °Utilize azimuthWhenFor fast shear azimuth when, bring θ into rotation formulas,
Obtain fast transverse wave waveform and slow shear-wave waveform；Fast transverse wave waveform and slow shear-wave waveform are used for Shear Waves Splitting slowness difference inverting, led to
Waveform Matching principle is crossed, Shear Waves Splitting slowness difference δ s are obtained；Slow shear-wave waveform array is used for slow shear-wave slowness inverting, passes through line
Property prediction theory, obtains slow shear-wave slowness s2.
Data prediction includes going gain (when necessary), filtering (when necessary) and calculation processing window i.e. adding window.In order to examine
Consider inversion method anti-noise ability, the four componets data of the circumferential anisotropic formation obtained to finite difference numerical simulation adds
Subsequent inverting is carried out after making an uproar again.
According to shear wave splitting caused by anisotropic polarity effect, when shear wave splitting that sound source is sent out, projects to waveform
Speed major axes orientation projects to X and Y-direction again when receiver receives from major axes orientation.By propagating in the earth formation and two
Secondary projection, two component XX/YY in the same direction that receiver receives can indicate as follows：
Wherein, angles of the θ between sound source and fast shear azimuth, S (t) are sound source waveform, and s1 and s2 are respectively fast transverse wave
Slowness and slow shear-wave slowness, z are sound wave along borehole wall propagation distance.
By formula (7) it is found that when θ=45 °, XX, YY are respectively：
So in the orientation with 45 ° of fast shear azimuth angle, component XX=YY in the same direction.For the four componets data area with measurement
Point, the component in the same direction in other orientation rotated is denoted asWith For rotation angle.It is obtained by following formula
It arrives：
Accordingly when determining fast shear azimuth angle, we can be first with two components in the same directionWith
Difference minimum obtains the angle with 45 ° of fast shear azimuth angleIt is right againThe orientation of Shear Waves Splitting just can be obtained.Instead
Drill 45° angle object function EsitaIt establishes as follows：
Utilize azimuthAssuming thatFor fast shear azimuth, θ is brought into rotation formulas (9), at this moment
WithPractical is fast transverse wave and slow shear-wave FP and SP.In inverting Shear Waves Splitting slowness difference δ s, because in same stratum
Shear Waves Splitting has waveform similarity, and the same SP waves for receiving position are moved forward to the position of FP waves therewith by us in time
Matching, comparison match waveform and fast transverse wave waveform difference, structure object function Eds：
δ s are traversed from negative value to positive value.If the minimum value of object function is at negative value, θ is actually pointed to
For slow shear-wave orientation, enable+90 ° of θ=θ to be directed toward fast shear azimuth, and FP and SP waveforms are exchanged.If minimum value appears in positive value
Locate, then θ is directed toward fast shear azimuth, and FP and SP correspond to the main wave of speed respectively.
The inverting of slow shear-wave slowness s2 uses lienar prediction theory, and the roads m are predicted using n-th slow shear-wave waveform
Slow shear-wave waveform, by per together on actual waveform with predict waveform be compared, carry out the slowness of inverting slow shear-wave.Slowness
Inversion objective function it is as follows：
S2 indicates that the shear-wave slowness of traversal, d indicate receiver interval in above formula.Fig. 3 (b) and Fig. 4 (b) right is two stratum
Inverting slow shear-wave slowness object function curve.
By three above object function substep inverting, θ is inverting fast shear azimuth, and ani=δ s/s2 indicate each to different
Property size, so that it may to be obtained accurately and quickly anisotropic orientation and size.
The present invention accelerates inversion speed by the way that three parametric joint invertings are changed to three parameter substep invertings；The inverting side
Parameter dependence is all not present using traversal inverting in case, it is as a result more reliable and more stable；In fast shear azimuth inverting, side
Position individually carries out inverting, increases angle sensitivity using the auxiliary waveform to angle derivation compared in three parametric joint invertings
Degree, angle ratio in inverting aggravate, and the fast shear azimuth that inverting obtains has more confidence level；In the process of Linear Prediction filter
In, array Wave data is taken full advantage of, the repetitive rate of information of acoustic wave is increased, to effectively inhibit influence of noise, improves slowness
Inversion accuracy.
Above-described specific implementation mode has carried out further the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and advantageous effect
It is described in detail, it should be understood that the foregoing is merely the specific implementation mode of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention
Protection domain, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of crossed dipoles anisotropy fast inversion method, which is characterized in that including：
Pending data is pre-processed；The pending data includes four componets data；
The pending data is rotated, the azimuth with fast transverse wave or slow shear-wave orientation angle at 45 ° is obtained
Utilize the azimuthWhenFor fast shear azimuth when, bring θ into rotation formulas, obtain fast transverse wave waveform
With slow shear-wave waveform；The fast transverse wave waveform and the slow shear-wave waveform are used for Shear Waves Splitting slowness difference inverting, pass through waveform
Matching principle obtains Shear Waves Splitting slowness difference δ s；
The slow shear-wave waveform array is obtained into slow shear-wave slowness s2 for slow shear-wave slowness inverting by lienar prediction theory.
2. crossed dipoles anisotropy fast inversion method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the rotation institute
State pending data, structure object function Esita：
Wherein,WithFor by the four componets data rotation angleObtained component in the same direction.
3. crossed dipoles anisotropy fast inversion method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described will be described
Fast transverse wave waveform and the slow shear-wave waveform are used for Shear Waves Splitting slowness difference inverting, by Waveform Matching principle, build target letter
Number Eds：
Wherein, δ s indicate that Shear Waves Splitting slowness is poor, and FP indicates that fast transverse wave waveform, SP indicate slow shear-wave waveform, zmIndicate sound wave to the
M receiver indicates receiver position along borehole wall propagation distance, m.
4. crossed dipoles anisotropy fast inversion method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that including：
When the minimum value of the object function is present in positive value, then θ is directed toward fast shear azimuth；
When the minimum value of the object function is present in negative value, then θ is directed toward slow shear-wave orientation, enables+90 ° of θ=θ to be directed toward fast cross
Wave orientation, and fast transverse wave waveform and slow shear-wave waveform are exchanged.
5. crossed dipoles anisotropy fast inversion method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the slow shear-wave
Waveform array is used for slow shear-wave slowness inverting, passes through lienar prediction theory, structure object function Es2：
Wherein, s2 indicates that the slow shear-wave slowness of traversal, d indicate receiver interval.
6. crossed dipoles anisotropy fast inversion method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the speed is horizontal
Wave slowness difference δ s are combined with slow shear-wave slowness s2, are obtained anisotropy size and are：
Ani=δ s/s2.
7. crossed dipoles anisotropy fast inversion method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the angle, θ
When handling practical logging data, need to determine the fast shear azimuth plus instrument rotation angles AZ.
8. crossed dipoles anisotropy fast inversion method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to use line
Property prediction theory, including,
The waveform in the roads m is predicted using n-th waveform, by being compared with prediction waveform per the actual waveform on one
Compared with carrying out the slowness of inverting slow shear-wave.
9. a kind of crossed dipoles anisotropy fast inversion system, which is characterized in that including：
Pending data is pre-processed；The pending data includes four componets data；
The pending data is rotated, the azimuth with fast transverse wave or slow shear-wave orientation angle at 45 ° is obtained
Utilize the azimuthWhenFor fast shear azimuth when, bring θ into rotation formulas, obtain fast transverse wave waveform
With slow shear-wave waveform；The fast transverse wave waveform and the slow shear-wave waveform are used for Shear Waves Splitting slowness difference inverting, pass through waveform
Matching principle obtains Shear Waves Splitting slowness difference δ s；
The slow shear-wave waveform array is obtained into slow shear-wave slowness s2 for slow shear-wave slowness inverting by lienar prediction theory.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116756674A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-09-15 | 中国地质科学院地质力学研究所 | Multi-scale anisotropic anomaly identification method, device, equipment and medium |
| CN116756674B (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2024-02-27 | 中国地质科学院地质力学研究所 | Multi-scale anisotropic anomaly identification method, device, equipment and medium |
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