CN108387459B - Device and method for testing anti-shearing performance of anchor rod and anchor cable - Google Patents
Device and method for testing anti-shearing performance of anchor rod and anchor cable Download PDFInfo
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- CN108387459B CN108387459B CN201810078371.XA CN201810078371A CN108387459B CN 108387459 B CN108387459 B CN 108387459B CN 201810078371 A CN201810078371 A CN 201810078371A CN 108387459 B CN108387459 B CN 108387459B
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- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 204
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 342
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 342
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000011076 safety test Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005476 size effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for testing the anti-shearing performance of an anchor rod and an anchor cable, which are suitable for the safety test of coal mine support. Comprises a shearing unit, a friction eliminating outer frame, a base and an auxiliary unit; the shearing unit comprises three cylindrical steel sleeves which can be split in half; the friction eliminating outer frame comprises four channel steels, four steel plates and bolts; the base comprises two I-shaped steels, two steel plates and four position adjusting steel blocks; the auxiliary unit comprises two pressure sleeper units, two pressure sleeper unit steel backing plates and four load transfer steel plates; the anchor rod and anchor cable shearing test device is simple in structure and convenient to operate, and can detect the shearing resistance of all common anchor rod and anchor cable products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for testing the anti-shearing performance of an anchor rod and an anchor cable, in particular to a device and a method for testing the anti-shearing performance of an anchor rod and an anchor cable, which are used in coal mine support.
Background
Anchor rod and anchor cable support is the main surrounding rock reinforcing technology used in rock and soil and mining engineering at present. The mechanical properties of the anchor rod and the anchor cable are basic parameters for designing a reinforcing scheme. The mechanical properties of the anchor rod and the anchor cable can be generally divided into axial tensile properties and transverse shear resistance. A great deal of research is carried out on the axial tensile property of the anchor rod and the anchor cable in the past, and people can know the axial tensile property more deeply and comprehensively. The existing support theory, such as a suspension theory, a combination beam theory, a combination arch (pressure arch and compression arch) theory, a loose ring theory and the like, is mainly considered to be the axial tensile property of the anchor rod and the anchor cable. The understanding of the shear resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable, especially the mechanical property under the combined action of the tension and the shear loads, is very insufficient. In practical engineering applications, it has been found that anchor cables often experience failure in the form of tension and shear without significant load bearing. This phenomenon indicates that shear loads play a significant role in the reinforcement of the surrounding rock by the anchor bolt and cable. Researchers have begun to focus on the shear resistance of bolt-anchor cables. Because the shear resistance test of the anchor rod and the anchor cable is far more complex than the tensile property test, the shear test is difficult to carry out particularly in an engineering field, the current test is basically a laboratory test, and the current test research is not systematic. The test device which is simple in structure and convenient to operate and can test the shearing resistance of the common anchor rods and the common anchor cables is very necessary for optimizing the supporting design of geotechnical engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the device and the method for testing the shearing resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable are simple in structure and convenient to operate and are used for testing the shearing resistance of all common anchor rod and anchor cable products.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: aiming at the technical purpose, the device for testing the shearing resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable comprises a shearing unit, a friction eliminating outer frame, a base and an auxiliary unit, wherein the friction eliminating outer frame is arranged outside the shearing unit;
the shearing unit comprises a left shearing steel bushing and a right shearing steel bushing, a middle shearing steel bushing is arranged between the two shearing steel bushings at the two ends, a middle shearing steel bushing top leveling rib plate is arranged on the middle shearing steel bushing, the two shearing steel bushings at the two ends and the middle shearing steel bushing are columnar structures and are composed of an upper part and a lower part, the upper part and the lower part are cylindrical steel bushings which can be split in half and half, two steel bushing rib plates at the two ends are respectively arranged below the two shearing steel bushings at the two ends, two steel bushing rib plate accessory fixing components are arranged below the steel bushing rib plates at the two ends, and four middle shearing steel bushing top leveling rib plates are arranged above the middle shearing steel bushing;
the friction eliminating outer frame comprises four parallel friction eliminating outer frame channel steel, the four friction eliminating outer frame channel steel are arranged side by side in pairs, two rectangular friction eliminating outer frame end part main steel plates for fixing the four friction eliminating outer frame channel steel are arranged at the left end and the right end of the four friction eliminating outer frame channel steel respectively, a friction eliminating outer frame end part auxiliary steel plate is arranged outside the friction eliminating outer frame end part main steel plate, and a round hole is formed in the center of each of the friction eliminating outer frame end part main steel plate and the friction eliminating outer frame end part auxiliary steel plate;
the base comprises two base I-beams arranged side by side, a base lower steel plate connected with the two base I-beams is arranged below the two base I-beams, a base upper steel plate connected with the two base I-beams is arranged above the two base I-beams, a base groove matched with two-end steel sleeve rib plates below the two-end shearing steel sleeves and auxiliary fixing members of the two-end steel sleeve rib plates is arranged on the base upper steel plate, and a position adjusting steel block for adjusting the positions of the two-end steel sleeve rib plates is arranged in the base groove;
the auxiliary unit comprises a load transfer steel plate arranged above the leveling rib plate at the top of the middle shearing steel sleeve, and the press machine applies shearing displacement to the middle shearing steel sleeve through the load transfer steel plate so as to shear and load the anchor rod/anchor cable arranged in the shearing unit;
the auxiliary unit comprises two pressure pillow units which are arranged on the outer side of the auxiliary steel plate at the end part of the friction eliminating outer frame and are collinear with the center of the auxiliary steel plate, and steel base plates at the outer ends of the pressure pillow units are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the two pressure pillow units.
The steel sleeve connecting parts are arranged on two sides of the cylindrical steel sleeve, the upper part and the lower part of the two-end shearing steel sleeve and the middle shearing steel sleeve can be split in half, and the steel sleeve connecting parts of the cylindrical steel sleeve, the upper part and the lower part of which can be split in half, are connected through bolts.
The two-end shearing steel sleeves are fixed in the base groove on the steel plate at the upper part of the base through the auxiliary fixing component of the steel sleeve rib plates at the two ends and the bolt.
The inner diameter of the cylindrical steel sleeve of the two-end shearing steel sleeve and the middle shearing steel sleeve is 300 mm; the length of the middle shearing steel sleeve is 500mm, and the lengths of the two end shearing steel sleeves are 400 mm.
The upper part of the leveling rib plate at the top of the middle shearing steel sleeve arranged at the top of the middle shearing steel sleeve contained in the shearing unit is a plane, so that the load transfer steel plates can be conveniently placed, the four load transfer steel plates are overlapped, the thickness of each load transfer steel plate (19) is 30mm, the cross section is 480mm multiplied by 300mm, and the total thickness is 120 mm.
The height of the lower edge of the steel sleeve rib plates at two ends of the two-end shearing steel sleeve from the lower edge of the two-end shearing steel sleeve is equal to 120mm plus the depth of the upper groove of the base.
The length of four outer frame channel steel channels contained in the friction eliminating outer frame is 1320mm, the length is 20mm longer than the total length of the shearing unit, namely the sum of the lengths of the middle shearing steel sleeve and the shearing steel sleeves at two ends, and the four friction eliminating outer frame channel steel channels are connected with a main steel plate at the end part of the friction eliminating outer frame through bolts.
A method for testing the shear resistance of an anchor rod and an anchor cable comprises the following steps:
a. the position adjusting steel block is placed on the inner side of each base groove, and the lower half parts of the two-end shearing steel sleeves are fixed in the base grooves on the steel plate on the upper part of the base through the steel sleeve rib plate auxiliary fixing components on the two ends and the bolts respectively;
b. placing the lower half part of the middle shearing steel sleeve between two shearing steel sleeves at two ends on the base, respectively forming a distance of 10mm between the middle shearing steel sleeve and the two shearing steel sleeves at two ends, and cushioning the middle shearing steel sleeve by using a wood block with the thickness of 120mm to enable the centers of the middle shearing steel sleeve and the shearing steel sleeves at two ends to be on the same straight line;
c. placing three test cylindrical concrete test blocks with central anchoring holes and grouting holes in corresponding shear steel sleeves respectively, and enabling the grouting holes in the concrete test blocks to face to the right upper side;
d. and sequentially penetrating the anchor rod or the anchor cable to be tested through the central anchoring holes of the three concrete test blocks. The gaps between the anchoring holes at the two ends of the concrete test block and the anchor rods or the anchor cables are blocked by soft cloth, so that the grout is prevented from flowing out from the gaps during the later grouting;
e. the main steel plates at the end parts of the two friction eliminating outer frames penetrate through the installed anchor rods or anchor cables to be respectively installed at two ends of the shearing unit, and the main steel plates at the end parts of the friction eliminating outer frames are cushioned by wood blocks, so that the center holes of the main steel plates at the end parts of the friction eliminating outer frames and the center anchoring holes of the concrete test blocks are in the same straight line;
f. connecting four friction eliminating outer frame channel steel plates and a main steel plate at the end part of the friction eliminating outer frame respectively by using bolts, and sequentially installing auxiliary steel plates at the end part of the friction eliminating outer frame, a pressure pillow unit and steel backing plates at the outer end of the pressure pillow unit at two ends of the testing device;
g. when pretightening force needs to be applied to the tested anchor rod or anchor cable, tensioning and loading the tested anchor rod or anchor cable by using a tensioning machine tool and locking the anchor rod or anchor cable by using a lock; the pre-tightening force applied to the anchor rod anchor cable to be tested is borne by the friction eliminating outer frame and cannot act on the concrete test blocks, so that extrusion force generated by contact among the concrete test blocks is avoided, and friction force is avoided in the shearing test process;
h. when the pre-tightening force is not required to be applied to the tested anchor rod or anchor cable, the auxiliary steel plate at the end part of the friction eliminating outer frame, the pressure pillow unit and the steel base plate at the outer end of the pressure pillow unit are directly and sequentially arranged at the two ends of the friction eliminating outer frame, and the anchor rod or anchor cable is locked by using a lockset;
i. injecting an anchoring agent into the grouting holes of the middle concrete test block, stopping grouting when the anchoring agent flows out of the concrete grouting holes at the two ends, placing the shearing steel sleeves at the two ends and the upper half part of the middle shearing steel sleeve on the concrete test block after the anchoring agent is solidified, and connecting the lower half parts of the shearing steel sleeves on the bolts and the base together to complete the installation of the test;
k. the device for testing the shearing resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable is placed on a loading platform, four load transfer steel plates are placed on a middle shearing steel sleeve, a wood cushion block below the middle shearing steel sleeve is removed, a pressure pillow unit is connected to a data recorder, then the middle shearing steel sleeve is subjected to shearing loading, data are collected along with the loading of shearing force, and therefore the relation between the shearing resistance and the axial force of the tested anchor rod or anchor cable and the shearing displacement is obtained.
Has the advantages that:
the invention has simple structure, convenient assembly and disassembly, strong applicability and no special requirement on a loading tester; the size design is reasonable, the test on all anchor rods and anchor cables with common sizes can be realized, and the wrong anti-shearing strength result caused by the contact between the anchor rods and the shearing steel sleeve before the anchor rods and the anchor cables are sheared and broken can be avoided; compared with the existing frame type and square section double-shearing devices, the round section shearing steel sleeve adopted by the invention can provide uniform confining pressure for the concrete test block, and the concrete test block is prevented from being obviously broken due to uneven bearing in the shearing process and further losing or seriously weakening the binding effect on the anchor rod and the anchor cable; the invention can realize the test of the shearing resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable under two conditions of friction and no friction and the test of the shearing resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable under different pretightening force conditions.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
1. by adding or removing the friction eliminating outer frame, the invention can realize the shear resistance test of the anchor rod and the anchor cable under the conditions of no friction and friction. When the outer frame is additionally arranged, the pretightening force applied to the anchor rod and anchor cable additional tension generated in the subsequent shearing process are born by the friction-eliminating outer frame, so that contact and extrusion force cannot be generated between the middle concrete test block and the concrete test blocks at two ends, and friction resistance cannot be generated between the test blocks;
the length of the channel steel in the friction outer frame is eliminated to be longer than that of the shearing unit, and the gap between the middle steel sleeve and the steel sleeves at two ends can be ensured by matching with the position adjusting steel block in the groove of the base when a friction-free test is carried out, so that the contact and friction of a test block possibly occurring in the shearing process can be effectively avoided;
2. the shearing unit comprises a cylindrical steel sleeve with the inner diameter being the same as the diameter of the concrete test block, and the inner diameter is designed to be 300mm, so that the concrete test block can be prevented from generating obvious size effect on radial constraint of the anchor rod and the anchor cable;
3. in the shearing process, the two sides of the middle steel sleeve generate shearing and extruding areas smaller than 100mm, the steel sleeves at the two ends generate a small amount of shearing and extruding areas at the inner sides, and the steel sleeves still have stretching areas with enough lengths outside the shearing and extruding areas, so that the actual loading condition of the anchor rod and the anchor cable can be well simulated.
4. The top of the middle steel sleeve of the shearing unit is flat, a load transfer steel plate can be placed on the middle steel sleeve, and the shearing load is applied to the middle shearing steel sleeve by the press machine through the load transfer steel plate in the test loading process.
5. The steel sleeve rib plates at the two ends are fixed at the residual effective height of the groove of the bottom plate, so that enough shearing displacement space is reserved for the middle steel sleeve, and the requirement of shearing all common anchor rods and anchor cables can be met.
5. The steel sleeves at the two ends are fixed in the grooves in the base through the rib plates, so that when a friction-free shear test is carried out, the situation that the concrete test blocks at the two ends are pulled to the middle and the middle by anchor rod and anchor cable tension generated in the shearing process to contact with each other and generate friction can be avoided.
6. The position of the steel sleeves at the two ends relative to the middle steel sleeve can be adjusted through the position adjusting steel blocks to control the shear surface gap between the steel sleeves. For the shear test with friction, the concrete test blocks in the steel sleeves at the two ends need to be contacted with the concrete test block in the middle steel sleeve. At the moment, the position adjusting steel block is placed on the outer side of the groove, so that the gap of the shearing surfaces between the steel sleeves is eliminated, and the concrete test blocks are in contact. For the friction-free shear test, the concrete test blocks in the steel sleeves at the two ends and the concrete test block in the middle steel sleeve are required to be not contacted. At this moment, can be through placing the position adjustment steel piece in the inboard of recess thereby make the clearance between the steel bushing, avoid the test block to take place the contact.
7. The shear displacement space provided by the four load transfer steel plates for the middle shear steel sleeve is consistent with the shear displacement space provided by the steel sleeve rib plates at the two ends. Meanwhile, the thickness of the single load transfer steel plate is not large, and the weight of the steel plate is not large, so that manual installation is facilitated.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1(a) is a front view of a device for testing the shear resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable of the invention;
fig. 1(b) is a left side view of the device for testing the shear resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable of the invention;
fig. 2(a) is a front view of a shearing unit of the device for testing the shearing resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable of the invention;
fig. 2(b) is a left side view of the shearing unit of the device for testing the shearing resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable of the invention;
fig. 3(a) is a front view of a base of the device for testing the shear resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable of the invention;
fig. 3(b) is a left side view of the base of the device for testing the shear resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable of the present invention;
fig. 4(a) is a front view of the friction-eliminated outer frame of the device for testing the shear resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable of the invention;
fig. 4(b) is a left side view of the friction-eliminated outer frame of the device for testing the shear resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable of the invention;
fig. 5(a) is a front view of a pressure pillow unit of the anchor rod and anchor cable shear resistance testing device of the present invention;
fig. 5(b) is a left side view of the pressure pillow unit of the anchor rod and anchor cable shear resistance testing device of the present invention;
fig. 6(a) is a front view of a load transfer steel plate of the device for testing the shear resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable of the invention;
fig. 6(b) is a top view of a load transfer steel plate of the device for testing the shear resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the device for testing the shear resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable.
In the figure: 1-two-end shearing steel sleeves, 2-middle shearing steel sleeves, 3-middle shearing steel sleeve top leveling rib plates, 4-steel sleeve connecting parts, 5-bolts, 6-two-end steel sleeve rib plates, 7-two-end steel sleeve rib plate auxiliary fixing components, 8-base upper steel plates, 9-position adjusting steel blocks, 10-base grooves, 11-base I-shaped steel, 12-base lower steel plates, 13-base upper steel plate lugs, 14-friction eliminating outer frame channel steel, 15-friction eliminating outer frame end main steel plates, 16-friction eliminating outer frame end auxiliary steel plates, 17-pressure pillow units, 18-pressure pillow unit outer end steel backing plates and 19-load transfer steel plates.
Detailed Description
The present application is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in FIG. 7, the device for testing the shear resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable is characterized in that: the friction eliminating outer frame is arranged outside the shearing unit;
as shown in fig. 1(a), 1(b), 2(a) and 2(b), the shearing unit comprises a left shearing steel sleeve 1 and a right shearing steel sleeve 1 at two ends, a middle shearing steel sleeve 2 is arranged between the two shearing steel sleeves 1 at two ends, steel sleeve connecting parts 4 are arranged at two sides of a cylindrical steel sleeve with the upper part and the lower part of the shearing steel sleeves 1 at two ends and the middle shearing steel sleeve 2 capable of being split in half, and the inner diameter of the cylindrical steel sleeve of the shearing steel sleeves 1 at two ends and the middle shearing steel sleeve 2 at two ends is 300 mm; the length of the middle shearing steel sleeve 2 is 500mm, the lengths of the two end shearing steel sleeves 1 are 400mm, the upper part and the lower part of the steel sleeve connecting part 4 of the cylindrical steel sleeve capable of being disassembled in half are connected through a bolt 5, the middle shearing steel sleeve 2 is provided with a middle shearing steel sleeve top leveling rib plate 3, the two end shearing steel sleeves 1 and the middle shearing steel sleeve 2 are of columnar structures and are composed of an upper part and a lower part, the upper part and the lower part of the cylindrical steel sleeve capable of being disassembled in half are provided with two end steel sleeve rib plates 6 respectively below the two end shearing steel sleeves 1, two end steel sleeve rib plate accessory fixing members 7 are arranged below the two end steel sleeve rib plates 6, and four middle shearing steel sleeve top leveling rib plates 3 are arranged above the middle shearing;
as shown in fig. 3(a) and 3(b), the base comprises two base i-beams 11 arranged side by side, a base lower steel plate 12 connected with the two base i-beams 11 is arranged below the two base i-beams 11, a base upper steel plate 8 connected with the two base i-beams 11 is arranged above the two base i-beams 11, a base groove 10 matched with two end steel sleeve rib plates 6 below the two end shearing steel sleeves 1 and the two end steel sleeve rib plate auxiliary fixing members 7 is arranged on the base upper steel plate 8, and a position adjusting steel block 9 for adjusting the positions of the two end steel sleeve rib plates 6 is arranged in the base groove 10; the two-end shearing steel sleeves 1 are fixed in a base groove 10 on a steel plate 8 at the upper part of the base through the two-end steel sleeve rib plate auxiliary fixing members 7 and the bolts 5; the height from the lower edge of the steel sleeve rib plates 6 at the two ends of the two-end shearing steel sleeve 1 to the lower edge of the two-end shearing steel sleeve 1 is equal to 120mm plus the depth of the upper groove 10 of the base;
as shown in fig. 4(a) and 4(b), the friction-removing outer frame includes four friction-removing outer frame channel steel 14 arranged in parallel, the four friction-removing outer frame channel steel 14 are arranged side by side in pairs, two rectangular friction-removing outer frame end main steel plates 15 for fixing the four friction-removing outer frame channel steel 14 are respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the four friction-removing outer frame channel steel 14, a friction-removing outer frame end auxiliary steel plate 16 is arranged outside the friction-removing outer frame end main steel plate 15, and a circular hole is formed in the center of each of the friction-removing outer frame end main steel plate 15 and the friction-removing outer frame end auxiliary steel plate 16; the length of four outer frame channel steel 14 contained in the friction eliminating outer frame is 1320mm, which is longer than the total length of the shearing unit, namely the sum of the lengths of the middle shearing steel sleeve 2 and the shearing steel sleeves 1 at two ends by 20mm, and the four friction eliminating outer frame channel steel 14 is connected with a main steel plate 15 at the end part of the friction eliminating outer frame through bolts 5;
as shown in fig. 5(a) and 5(b), the auxiliary unit comprises two pressure pillow units 17 which are arranged outside the auxiliary steel plate 16 at the end part of the friction eliminating outer frame and are collinear with the centers of the auxiliary steel plate, and outer end steel backing plates 18 of the pressure pillow units are respectively arranged outside the two pressure pillow units 17.
As shown in fig. 6(a) and 6(b), the auxiliary unit comprises a load transfer steel plate 19 arranged above the leveling rib plate 3 at the top of the middle shearing steel sleeve, and the press machine applies shearing displacement to the middle shearing steel sleeve 2 through the load transfer steel plate 19 so as to shear and load the anchor rod/anchor cable installed in the shearing unit; the upper part of the leveling rib plate 3 at the top of the middle shearing steel sleeve 2 contained in the shearing unit is a plane, so that the load transfer steel plates 19 can be conveniently placed, the four load transfer steel plates 19 are overlapped, the thickness of each load transfer steel plate 19 is 30mm, the cross section is 480mm multiplied by 300mm, and the total thickness is 120 mm.
A method for testing the shear resistance of an anchor rod and an anchor cable comprises the following steps:
a. the position adjusting steel block 9 is placed on the inner side of each base groove 10, and the lower half parts of the two-end shearing steel sleeves 1 are fixed in the base grooves 10 on the steel plate 8 on the upper part of the base through the steel sleeve rib plate auxiliary fixing members 7 on the two ends and the bolts 5 respectively;
b. the lower half part of the middle shearing steel sleeve 2 is placed between the two end shearing steel sleeves 1 on the base, a distance of 10mm is formed between the middle shearing steel sleeve 2 and the two end shearing steel sleeves 1 respectively, and a wood block with the thickness of 120mm is used for cushioning the middle shearing steel sleeve 2, so that the centers of the middle shearing steel sleeve 2 and the two end shearing steel sleeves 1 are on the same straight line;
c. placing three test cylindrical concrete test blocks with central anchoring holes and grouting holes in corresponding shear steel sleeves respectively, and enabling the grouting holes in the concrete test blocks to face to the right upper side;
d. and sequentially penetrating the anchor rod or the anchor cable to be tested through the central anchoring holes of the three concrete test blocks. The gaps between the anchoring holes at the two ends of the concrete test block and the anchor rods or the anchor cables are blocked by soft cloth, so that the grout is prevented from flowing out from the gaps during the later grouting;
e. respectively installing two main steel plates 15 at the end part of the friction-eliminating outer frame at the two ends of the shearing unit through the installed anchor rods or anchor cables, and using wood blocks to cushion the main steel plates 15 at the end part of the friction-eliminating outer frame so that the central hole of the main steel plates 15 at the end part of the friction-eliminating outer frame and the central anchoring hole of the concrete test block are in the same straight line;
f. four friction eliminating outer frame channel steel 14 and four friction eliminating outer frame end main steel plates 15 are respectively connected by using bolts 5, and an auxiliary friction eliminating outer frame end steel plate 16, a pressure pillow unit 17 and a pressure pillow unit outer end steel base plate 18 are sequentially arranged at two ends of the testing device;
g. when pretightening force needs to be applied to the tested anchor rod or anchor cable, tensioning and loading the tested anchor rod or anchor cable by using a tensioning machine tool and locking the anchor rod or anchor cable by using a lock; the pre-tightening force applied to the anchor rod anchor cable to be tested is borne by the friction eliminating outer frame and cannot act on the concrete test blocks, so that extrusion force generated by contact among the concrete test blocks is avoided, and friction force is avoided in the shearing test process;
h. when the pre-tightening force is not required to be applied to the tested anchor rod or anchor cable, the auxiliary steel plate 16 at the end part of the friction eliminating outer frame, the pressure pillow unit 17 and the steel backing plate 18 at the outer end of the pressure pillow unit are directly and sequentially arranged at the two ends of the friction eliminating outer frame, and the anchor rod or anchor cable is locked by using a lockset;
i. injecting an anchoring agent into the grouting holes of the middle concrete test block, stopping grouting when the anchoring agent flows out of the concrete grouting holes at the two ends, placing the upper half parts of the two-end shearing steel sleeves 1 and the middle shearing steel sleeve 2 on the concrete test block after the anchoring agent is solidified, and connecting the lower half parts of the two-end shearing steel sleeves 1 and the middle shearing steel sleeve 2 by using a bolt 5 so as to finish the installation of the test;
k. the device for testing the shearing resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable is placed on a loading platform, four load transfer steel plates 19 are placed on the middle shearing steel sleeve 2, a wood cushion block below the middle shearing steel sleeve 2 is removed, the pressure pillow unit 17 is connected to a data recorder, then the middle shearing steel sleeve 2 is subjected to shearing loading, data are collected along with the loading of the shearing force, and therefore the relation between the shearing resistance and the axial force of the tested anchor rod or anchor cable and the shearing displacement is obtained.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an anti shear property testing arrangement of stock anchor rope which characterized in that: the friction eliminating outer frame is arranged outside the shearing unit;
the shearing unit comprises a left shearing steel bushing (1) and a right shearing steel bushing (1), a middle shearing steel bushing (2) is arranged between the two shearing steel bushings (1), a middle shearing steel bushing top leveling rib plate (3) is arranged on the middle shearing steel bushing (2), the two shearing steel bushings (1) at two ends and the middle shearing steel bushing (2) are of columnar structures and are composed of an upper part and a lower part, the upper part and the lower part are cylindrical steel bushings which can be split in half, two steel bushing rib plates (6) at two ends are respectively arranged below the two shearing steel bushings (1) at two ends, steel bushing rib plate auxiliary fixing members (7) at two ends are arranged below the steel bushing rib plates (6) at two ends, and four middle shearing steel bushing top leveling rib plates (3) are arranged above the middle shearing steel bushing (2);
the friction eliminating outer frame comprises four parallel friction eliminating outer frame channel steel (14), the four friction eliminating outer frame channel steel (14) are arranged side by side in pairs, two rectangular friction eliminating outer frame end main steel plates (15) for fixing the four friction eliminating outer frame channel steel (14) are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the four friction eliminating outer frame channel steel (14), a friction eliminating outer frame end auxiliary steel plate (16) is arranged on the outer side of each friction eliminating outer frame end main steel plate (15), and a round hole is formed in the center of each friction eliminating outer frame end main steel plate (15) and the center of each friction eliminating outer frame end auxiliary steel plate (16);
the base comprises two base I-beams (11) arranged side by side, a base lower steel plate (12) connected with the two base I-beams (11) is arranged below the two base I-beams (11), a base upper steel plate (8) connected with the two base I-beams (11) is arranged above the two base I-beams (11), a base groove (10) matched with two-end steel sleeve rib plates (6) below the two-end shearing steel sleeves (1) and two-end steel sleeve rib plate auxiliary fixing components (7) is arranged on the base upper steel plate (8), and a position adjusting steel block (9) for adjusting the positions of the two-end steel sleeve rib plates (6) is arranged in the base groove (10);
the auxiliary unit comprises a load transfer steel plate (19) press arranged above the leveling rib plate (3) at the top of the middle shearing steel sleeve, and shear displacement is applied to the middle shearing steel sleeve (2) through the load transfer steel plate (19), so that an anchor rod/anchor cable arranged in the shearing unit is subjected to shear loading;
the auxiliary unit comprises two pressure pillow units (17) which are arranged on the outer side of the auxiliary steel plate (16) at the end part of the friction-eliminating outer frame and are collinear with the center of the auxiliary steel plate, and steel base plates (18) at the outer ends of the pressure pillow units are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the two pressure pillow units (17).
2. The device for testing the shear resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable according to claim 1, is characterized in that: steel jacket connecting parts (4) are arranged on two sides of the cylindrical steel jacket, wherein the upper part and the lower part of the two-end shearing steel jacket (1) and the middle shearing steel jacket (2) can be split in half, and the steel jacket connecting parts (4) of the cylindrical steel jacket, which can be split in half, are connected through bolts (5).
3. The device for testing the shear resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the two-end shearing steel sleeve (1) is fixed in a base groove (10) on a steel plate (8) at the upper part of the base through an auxiliary fixing component (7) of a steel sleeve rib plate at two ends and a bolt (5).
4. The device for testing the shear resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the inner diameter of the cylindrical steel sleeves of the two-end shearing steel sleeve (1) and the middle shearing steel sleeve (2) is 300 mm; the length of the middle shearing steel sleeve (2) is 500mm, and the lengths of the two end shearing steel sleeves (1) are 400 mm.
5. The device for testing the shear resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the top of the leveling rib plate (3) at the top of the middle shearing steel sleeve (2) arranged at the top of the shearing unit is a plane, so that the load transfer steel plates (19) can be conveniently placed, four load transfer steel plates (19) are overlapped, the thickness of each load transfer steel plate (19) is 30mm, the cross section is 480mm multiplied by 300mm, and the total thickness is 120 mm.
6. The device for testing the shear resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the distance between the lower edges of the two-end steel sleeve rib plates (6) of the two-end shearing steel sleeve (1) and the lower edges of the two-end shearing steel sleeve (1) is equal to 120mm plus the depth of the upper groove (10) of the base.
7. The device for testing the shear resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the length of four outer frame channel steel (14) included in the friction eliminating outer frame is 1320mm, the length is 20mm longer than the total length of the shearing unit, namely the sum of the lengths of the middle shearing steel sleeve (2) and the shearing steel sleeves (1) at two ends, and the four friction eliminating outer frame channel steel (14) are connected with a main steel plate (15) at the end part of the friction eliminating outer frame through bolts (5).
8. A test method using the device for testing the shear resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable in claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. the position adjusting steel block (9) is placed on the inner side of each base groove (10), and the lower half parts of the two-end shearing steel sleeves (1) are fixed in the base grooves (10) on the base upper steel plate (8) through the two-end steel sleeve rib plate auxiliary fixing components (7) and the bolts (5) respectively;
b. the lower half part of the middle shearing steel sleeve (2) is placed between the two-end shearing steel sleeves (1) on the base, a distance of 10mm is formed between the middle shearing steel sleeve and the two-end shearing steel sleeves (1), a wood block with the thickness of 120mm is used for cushioning the middle shearing steel sleeve (2), and the centers of the middle shearing steel sleeve (2) and the two-end shearing steel sleeves (1) are on the same straight line;
c. placing three test cylindrical concrete test blocks with central anchoring holes and grouting holes in corresponding shear steel sleeves respectively, and enabling the grouting holes in the concrete test blocks to face to the right upper side;
d. sequentially penetrating an anchor rod or an anchor cable to be tested through the central anchoring holes of the three concrete test blocks;
the gaps between the anchoring holes at the two ends of the concrete test block and the anchor rods or the anchor cables are blocked by soft cloth, so that the grout is prevented from flowing out from the gaps during the later grouting;
e. two main steel plates (15) at the end part of the friction eliminating outer frame penetrate through the installed anchor rods or anchor cables to be respectively installed at two ends of the shearing unit, and the main steel plates (15) at the end part of the friction eliminating outer frame are padded up by using wood blocks, so that a central hole of the main steel plates (15) at the end part of the friction eliminating outer frame and a central anchoring hole of the concrete test block are in a straight line;
f. four outer frame channel steel (14) for eliminating friction and a main steel plate (15) for eliminating the end part of the outer frame are respectively connected by using bolts (5), and an auxiliary steel plate (16) for eliminating the end part of the outer frame, a pressure pillow unit (17) and a steel base plate (18) for the outer end of the pressure pillow unit are sequentially arranged at two ends of the testing device;
g. when pretightening force needs to be applied to the tested anchor rod or anchor cable, tensioning and loading the tested anchor rod or anchor cable by using a tensioning machine tool and locking the anchor rod or anchor cable by using a lock; the pre-tightening force applied to the anchor rod anchor cable to be tested is borne by the friction eliminating outer frame and cannot act on the concrete test blocks, so that extrusion force generated by contact among the concrete test blocks is avoided, and friction force is avoided in the shearing test process;
h. when pretightening force is not required to be applied to the tested anchor rod or anchor cable, the auxiliary steel plate (16) at the end part of the friction eliminating outer frame, the pressure pillow unit (17) and the steel backing plate (18) at the outer end of the pressure pillow unit are directly and sequentially arranged at the two ends of the friction eliminating outer frame, and the anchor rod or anchor cable is locked by using a lockset;
i. injecting an anchoring agent into the grouting holes of the middle concrete test block, stopping grouting when the anchoring agent flows out of the concrete grouting holes at the two ends, placing the upper half parts of the two-end shearing steel sleeves (1) and the middle shearing steel sleeve (2) on the concrete test block after the anchoring agent is solidified, and connecting the lower half parts of the two-end shearing steel sleeves and the middle shearing steel sleeve on the base by using a bolt (5) so as to finish the installation of the test;
k. the device for testing the shearing resistance of the anchor rod and the anchor cable is placed on a loading platform, four load transfer steel plates (19) are placed on a middle shearing steel sleeve (2), a wood cushion block below the middle shearing steel sleeve (2) is removed, a pressure pillow unit (17) is connected to a data recorder, then the middle shearing steel sleeve (2) is subjected to shearing loading, data are collected along with the loading of the shearing force, and therefore the relation between the shearing resistance and the axial force of the tested anchor rod or anchor cable and the shearing displacement is obtained.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810078371.XA CN108387459B (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2018-01-26 | Device and method for testing anti-shearing performance of anchor rod and anchor cable |
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| CN201810078371.XA CN108387459B (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2018-01-26 | Device and method for testing anti-shearing performance of anchor rod and anchor cable |
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| CN108387459B true CN108387459B (en) | 2020-03-27 |
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| CN114563273B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-08-09 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Anchor rod combination stress performance test system and evaluation method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1601255A (en) * | 2004-10-18 | 2005-03-30 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Central direct shear apparatus of triaxiality ring pressure |
| CN2760543Y (en) * | 2004-12-28 | 2006-02-22 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Single face shearing device for safety pin |
| CN103063509A (en) * | 2012-12-29 | 2013-04-24 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Bidirectional self-balance shear loading device for fired shale masonry and test method therefor |
| CN204346846U (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2015-05-20 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of shear test device of steel shear connector |
| CN105784505A (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-07-20 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Self-centering double shear test device and type II fracture toughness test method |
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- 2018-01-26 CN CN201810078371.XA patent/CN108387459B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1601255A (en) * | 2004-10-18 | 2005-03-30 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Central direct shear apparatus of triaxiality ring pressure |
| CN2760543Y (en) * | 2004-12-28 | 2006-02-22 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Single face shearing device for safety pin |
| CN103063509A (en) * | 2012-12-29 | 2013-04-24 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Bidirectional self-balance shear loading device for fired shale masonry and test method therefor |
| CN204346846U (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2015-05-20 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of shear test device of steel shear connector |
| CN105784505A (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-07-20 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Self-centering double shear test device and type II fracture toughness test method |
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