CN1083873A - A kind of method of from aluminum chloride, extracting fine aluminium - Google Patents
A kind of method of from aluminum chloride, extracting fine aluminium Download PDFInfo
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- CN1083873A CN1083873A CN 93107810 CN93107810A CN1083873A CN 1083873 A CN1083873 A CN 1083873A CN 93107810 CN93107810 CN 93107810 CN 93107810 A CN93107810 A CN 93107810A CN 1083873 A CN1083873 A CN 1083873A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum chloride
- aluminium
- chloride
- fusing assistant
- fine aluminium
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a kind of low temperature, high electricity and lead the method for from aluminum chloride, extracting fine aluminium, it is with aluminum chloride and fusing assistant: Potcrate, calcium chloride, sodium-chlor and a spot of lithium chloride mix, in high-frequency furnace, heat, be molten, again it is switched under 3V voltage 2 ten thousand-4 Wan An training, at this moment white aluminium fluid can appear in graphite cathode, is sunken to bottom land, aluminium liquid per minute and disengages with the flows of 20 grams-50 grams; Anode produces chlorine gas, and after conduit directs into storagetank bucket internal cooling, form liquefied chlorine and reclaim, power consumptive province of the present invention, cost is low, non-environmental-pollution.
Description
The invention belongs to a kind of low temperature, high electricity and lead the method for from aluminum chloride, extracting fine aluminium.
The method of common extraction aluminium has two kinds: 1, electrolysis of aluminum oxide.It adopts sodium aluminum fluoride to make fusing assistant, but electrolysis goes out aluminium under the temperature more than 1000 ℃.Make in this way, temperature required height, power consumption is big; 2, electrolytic chlorination aluminium.Because aluminum chloride about 190 ℃ of fusing point under 2.5 normal atmosphere, under the normal pressure at 180 ℃ then easily with dimeric forms Al
2Cl
6Distillation, fused aluminum chloride AlCl simultaneously
3Be difficult for being ionized into Al
+
3And Cl
-Ion.Electric conductivity is low.Therefore during electrolytic chlorination aluminium, Al
2Cl
6It is the root problem that needs solution that distillation causes significant loss and the low output that influences of specific conductivity.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of from aluminum chloride, extracting fine aluminium.Its adopts the fusing assistant and the suitable proportioning of low melting point, high conductivity, when making electrolytic aluminum temperature required low, electricity is led greatly, be difficult for distilling, thereby extract aluminium liquid smoothly.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following scheme: it is with aluminum chloride 7%-10% and fusing assistant: Potcrate, 10%-20%, calcium chloride 40%-50%, sodium-chlor 20%-25% and 1%-2% lithium chloride mix, in high-frequency furnace, heat, be molten state, again it is switched under 3V voltage 20,000-4 Wan An training, at this moment white molten aluminium liquid can appear in graphite cathode.Because about 2.1 grams per milliliters of density of melting salt, the density of aluminium is 2.3 grams per milliliters, so aluminium liquid is sunken to bottom land.Aluminium liquid per minute disengages with the flow of 20-50 gram.Anode produces chlorine gas, forms liquefied chlorine after conduit directs into storagetank bucket internal cooling.
To the method for extraction aluminium involved in the present invention, be described in detail as follows below:
One, the purification of aluminium ore:
From above chemical equation as can be known: bauxitic clay carries out purifying with sodium hydroxide, and the first step generates Al(OH)
-
4, again with Al(OH)
-
4Feed CO
2, generate Al(OH)
3, give thermal dehydration again and generate Al
2O
3With aluminium oxide Al
2O
3Make aluminum chloride AlCl
3Two kinds of approach are arranged:
A, high-temperature chlorination: Al
2O
3Feed chlorine Cl at 1000 ℃ of high temperature
2
B, adding salt acid system: according to (2) step that aluminium ore purifies, the aluminium hydroxide Al(OH of generation)
3In directly add hydrochloric acid HCl.
Two, fusing assistant:
In electrolytic chlorination aluminium, the selection main principle of fusing assistant is: (1) reduces fusing point, reduces power consumption, promotes aluminum chloride ionization, improves electric conductivity.(2) suppress aluminum chloride AlCl
3With dimer Al
2Cl
3The form distillation reduces significant loss.(3) want fusion even between aluminum chloride and the fusing assistant.Following table is listed some low-melting fusing assistant prescriptions.
| Classification | Fusing point ℃ | Characteristic |
| CaCl 2?50% NaCl??50% | 540-520℃ | Mobile big electroconductibility is preferable during fusion |
| NaCl??50% KCl??50% | Be higher than 600 ℃ | Be difficult for fusion |
| KCl???50% CaCl 2??50% | 540℃ | Mobile little toughness is big |
| NaCl??50% LiCl???50% | 520℃ | Flowability is very little |
| KCl??50% LiCl??50% | 540℃ | The little electroconductibility that flows is low |
| CaCL 2???50% LiCl??50% | 460℃ | The very big electroconductibility of flowability is excellent |
| CaCl 2??40% NaCl??20% LiCl???40% | 440℃ | Mobile maximum meltable |
| CaCl 2???33% NaCl???33% LiCl???33% | 470℃ | Mobile big |
| NaCl???40% LiCl???40% CaCl 2???20% | 490%℃ | Mobile big |
More than Pei Fang fusing assistant system though fusing point is lower, all is much higher than aluminum chloride AlCl
3Sublimation temperature.Improper if fill a prescription, easily produce bubble behind the adding aluminum chloride.Fusion is also inhomogeneous between aluminum chloride and the fusing assistant.As:
| Classification | Fusing point | Characteristic |
| AlCl 3??10% NaCl??18% LiCl??36% CaCl??36% | 420℃ | A large amount of generation bubbles are AlCl 3Be sublimed into Al 2Cl 6Institute causes fusion inhomogeneous |
| AlCl 3??10% CaCl 2??50% NaCl??30% LiCl??10% | 460℃ | Fusion is uneven |
The fusing assistant prescription of U.S.'s electrolytic chlorination aluminium is at present: AlCl
32-15%, NaCl, LiCl are 3: 2, and fusing point is below 700 ℃.But should the still unresolved distillation of prescription in melting salt, produce bubble and fuse problems such as uneven, that electric conductivity is low with flux because of aluminum chloride.
Found through experiments: lithium chloride LiCl impels aluminum chloride AlCl
3Form dimer Al
2Cl
6So the content of lithium chloride is unsuitable too high in the fusing assistant, and Potcrate KClO
3Can suppress the distillation of aluminum chloride.Thereby from experiment, draw one group of preferable prescription:
AlCl
3The about 500 ℃ of flowabilities of 7-10% fusing point are good, and electroconductibility is also high
KClO
310-20%
CaCl
240-45%
NaCl??20-25%
LiCl??1-2%
Three, the problem that should note
A, KClO
3In the time of 400 ℃, decompose at once, emit oxygen
So KClO
3Belong to the expendable fusing assistant.
B, AlCl
3All wts Al is 20% during electrolysis, Cl
2Be 80%, so Cl
2Be necessary to reclaim and reuse.
Adopt the method for extracting fine aluminium from aluminium chloride of the present invention, can produce in a large number aluminium, byproduct chlorine recoverable is without industrial pollution. And have the power consumptive province concurrently, energy savings, the advantage that cost is low.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of by the method for extracting fine aluminium in the aluminum chloride, it is characterized in that: it mixes aluminum chloride and fusing assistant, in high-frequency furnace, heat, be molten, 20,000-4 Wan An training of again it being switched under 3V voltage, at this moment white aluminium liquid fluid can appear in graphite cathode, the about 20-50 gram of discharge per minute, anode produces chlorine gas, forms liquefied chlorine after conduit is directed to groove bucket internal cooling, and the prescription of fusing assistant is:
Aluminum chloride AlCl
37-10%
Potcrate KClO
310-20%
Calcium chloride CaCl
240-45%
Sodium chloride nacl 20-25%
Lithium chloride LiCl 1-2%
2, according to claim 1 by the method for extracting fine aluminium in the aluminum chloride, it is characterized in that: aluminum chloride AlCl
3During electrolysis, all wts 20% is Al, and 80% is Cl
2
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93107810 CN1083873A (en) | 1993-07-05 | 1993-07-05 | A kind of method of from aluminum chloride, extracting fine aluminium |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93107810 CN1083873A (en) | 1993-07-05 | 1993-07-05 | A kind of method of from aluminum chloride, extracting fine aluminium |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1083873A true CN1083873A (en) | 1994-03-16 |
Family
ID=4986871
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93107810 Pending CN1083873A (en) | 1993-07-05 | 1993-07-05 | A kind of method of from aluminum chloride, extracting fine aluminium |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1083873A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102373484A (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2012-03-14 | 乔卫林 | Novel low temperature, low carbon and energy-saving technology for refining high purity aluminum by electrolytic aluminum and primary aluminum |
| CN104254494A (en) * | 2012-01-04 | 2014-12-31 | 克基·霍尔穆斯吉·阿加尔达 | A process for manufacturing aluminium from bauxite or its residue |
-
1993
- 1993-07-05 CN CN 93107810 patent/CN1083873A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102373484A (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2012-03-14 | 乔卫林 | Novel low temperature, low carbon and energy-saving technology for refining high purity aluminum by electrolytic aluminum and primary aluminum |
| CN104254494A (en) * | 2012-01-04 | 2014-12-31 | 克基·霍尔穆斯吉·阿加尔达 | A process for manufacturing aluminium from bauxite or its residue |
| CN104254494B (en) * | 2012-01-04 | 2016-11-16 | 克基·霍尔穆斯吉·阿加尔达 | A kind of technique producing aluminum from bauxite or its residue |
| US9896775B2 (en) | 2012-01-04 | 2018-02-20 | Keki Hormusji Gharda | Process for manufacturing aluminum from bauxite or its residue |
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|---|---|---|---|
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C01 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application (patent law 1993) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |