CN108387356A - It falls impacting type model test apparatus and test method - Google Patents
It falls impacting type model test apparatus and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108387356A CN108387356A CN201810060677.2A CN201810060677A CN108387356A CN 108387356 A CN108387356 A CN 108387356A CN 201810060677 A CN201810060677 A CN 201810060677A CN 108387356 A CN108387356 A CN 108387356A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses impacting type model test apparatus and the test method of falling, including buffer pocket, model box, lifting system, acceleration monitoring system, the buffer pocket is located at the lower section of the model box, is closely connect with the model box；The lifting system is connected to the top of the model box, moves up and down the model box；The acceleration monitoring system is located at the side of the model box, the acceleration of knockout process and time after monitoring model box falls；Test procedure includes mainly collision time calibration, establishes model, system improving, fall shock and data processing.Apparatus structure is simple, the minification model test of Rock And Soil and other materials can be carried out using the experimental rig and test method, experimentation cost is relatively low, and test procedure is simple, can be widely used for all kinds of being related to the relevant practical engineering project of rock-soil mechanics and field of scientific study.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rock-soil mechanics technical fields, and in particular to fall impacting type model test apparatus and test method.
Background technology
Widely used various physical experiments carry out the physical mechanics of large scale Rock And Soil in situ in rock-soil mechanics research
Property research.In the related technology, centrifugal model test method is used the physical model of scaled down as high-speed rotating
In centrifuge, according to the principle of centrifugal force and gravity equivalence, so that model is placed in the state of the simulated gravity acceleration of design and open
Exhibition experiment.When the model of 1/n times of scaled down is placed under n times of acceleration condition, the ess-strain of model and prototype
Matter is identical as failure mechanism, so as to preferably simulate the feature of prototype, is provided very for the analysis of practical Issues In Geotechnical
Real reliable reference data.But inventor has found, the scope of application of centrifugal model test method and test effect rely primarily on from
The scale and function of heart model equipment；And large scale and multi-functional high-end centrifuge is expensive, maintenance cost is higher, and sets
It is complicated to count manufacturing process, cannot be widely used on a large scale.
Invention content
In view of this, the embodiment provides a kind of achievable multiple functions, simple in structure, it is suitble to extensive wide
General fall impacting type model test apparatus and its test method used.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution used in the embodiment of the present invention is the impacting type model test dress that falls
It sets, including buffer pocket, model box, lifting system, acceleration monitoring system, the buffer pocket is located at the lower section of the model box,
It is closely connect with model box；The lifting system is connected to the top of the model box, moves up and down the model box；It is described to add
Speed monitoring system is located at the side of the model box, monitoring model box fall knockout process acceleration and the time.
Preferably, the buffer pocket is the internal closed hexahedron metal box for filling the big granular granular materials of density.
Preferably, the model box uses transparent material, top surface opening, four sides to be connect with sealing bottom surface, adjacent institute
State side detachable hermetic connection；The model box is equipped with idler wheel with the buffer pocket junction.
Preferably, the lifting system includes hoist engine, clutch and weighing sensor, the hoist engine successively with it is described
Weighing sensor, clutch connection, the clutch are connect with the model box.
Preferably, the acceleration monitoring system includes spring scale and counterweight, and the spring scale is located at the model box
On side, the counterweight is connect with the spring scale.
Preferably, further include pedestal and sliding frame, the pedestal is fixedly connected with the sliding frame；The hoist engine
It is fixed on the top of the sliding frame；The idler wheel is moved up and down along the sliding frame.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of test method for the impacting type model test apparatus that falls described in use, including
Following steps：
(1) collision time is demarcated；It is packed into the rock-soil material equal with physics model quality to be measured in the model box, leads to
It crosses after model box is promoted to different height by lifting system from buffer pocket and disconnects, the model box, buffer pocket free falling stop
When only, the reading of the acceleration monitoring system is read, calculates acceleration, the time of shock of falling；
(2) model is established；The size of the ground prototype size simulated on demand and structure scaled down to the model box
Establish model to be tested；
(3) system improving；According to collision time calibrating parameters and experimental design acceleration value, setting for model to be tested is calculated
Hoisting depth is counted, the model box equipped with model to be tested is promoted to by design height with buffer pocket by lifting system；
(4) it falls shock；Breakage model box is connect with clutch, when the model box stops with buffer pocket free falling,
Read the reading of the acceleration monitoring system；
(5) data processing；Model to be tested falls after bump test, is fallen by comparison with model to be tested is measured
Hit front and back deformation failure state, Distortion Disciplinarian of the analysis prototype in same boundary conditions state.
Compared with the relevant technologies, the advantageous effect of technical solution used in the embodiment of the present invention is, the embodiment of the present invention
Fall impact-model experimental rig, simple in structure, not only has the advantage of centrifugal model test, and prototype ground material can be used directly
Material establishes model, and can carry out large-sized three-dimensional physical model experiment, and experiment process operation is simple, and maintenance cost is low, can
Large-scale use.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the model test apparatus structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the test method flow chart of the model test apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein：Pedestal 1, sliding frame 2, buffer pocket 3, model box 4, idler wheel 5, hoist engine 6, clutch 7, weighing sensor
8, spring scale 9, counterweight 10.
Specific implementation mode
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing to embodiment party of the present invention
Formula is further described.
Referring to FIG. 1, the embodiment provides the impacting type model test apparatus that falls, including buffer pocket 3, model
Box 4, lifting system, acceleration monitoring system, the buffer pocket 3 are located at the lower section of the model box 4, tight with the model box 4
Close connection；The lifting system is connected to the top of the model box 4, moves up and down the model box 4；The acceleration monitoring
System is located at the side of the model box 4, the acceleration of knockout process and time after the monitoring model box 4 falls.It falls and hits
It hits in experiment, after lifting system is used for Lifting Modules flask 4 to desired height, model box 4 and 3 free falling of the buffer pocket, institute
State the test data of knockout process after 4 free falling of acceleration monitoring system monitoring model box.Moment is collided using dropped object
The principle of overweight phenomenon is generated, the actually located vertical acceleration condition of physical model is improved.Initial position residing for model is high
Degree is bigger, then the acceleration generated when free falling shock ground is bigger, so as to carry out different acceleration of gravity states
Simulation test.Apparatus structure is simple, not only has the advantage of centrifugal model test, and prototype rock-soil material can be used directly and establish mould
Type, and large-sized three-dimensional physical model experiment can be carried out, experiment process operation is simple, and maintenance cost is low, can make on a large scale
With.
Further, the lifting system includes hoist engine 6, clutch 7 and weighing sensor 8, and the hoist engine 6 is successively
It is connect with the weighing sensor 8, clutch 7, the clutch 7 is connect with the model box 4.Connected by wirerope,
During bump test of falling, for weighing sensor 8 for weighing to model box 4, hoist engine 6 is that the lifting of the model box 4 carries
For power, the model box 4 is driven to move up and down.After model box is promoted to design height, pass through 7 breakage model box of clutch
4 with the connection of clutch 7, make 4 free falling of model box.
Further, the acceleration monitoring system includes spring scale 9 and counterweight 10, and the spring scale 9 is located at the mould
On the side of flask 4, the counterweight 10 is connect with the spring scale 9.Record data were hit after falling for computation model box
The acceleration of journey and time.
Further, the model box 4 is made of transparent organic glass material, top surface opening, four sides and bottom
Face is tightly connected, and the adjacent side detachable hermetic connection facilitates foundation and removes the model to be tested in model box 4；Institute
It states model box 4 and is equipped with idler wheel 5 with 3 junction of the buffer pocket.Make buffer pocket 3 that can freely be slided up and down with model box 4, but not
It can be moved in planar range.
Further, further include pedestal 1 and sliding frame 2, the pedestal 1 is fixedly connected with the sliding frame 2, is used
The higher metal material of hardness, is bolted fixation, forms stable external frame；The hoist engine 6 is fixed on described
The top of sliding frame 2；The idler wheel 5 is moved up and down along the sliding frame 2.Dropped object is collided with pedestal 1, in collision wink
Between can generate overweight phenomenon, improve the actually located vertical acceleration condition of physical model.
Further, the buffer pocket 3 is the internal closed hexahedron metal box for filling the big granular granular materials of density；Institute
It is steel sand or the larger material of other density to state fragmentary particle, is rebounded when preventing model box 4 from hitting pedestal 1.
With reference to attached drawing 1,2, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides the experiment for the impacting type model test apparatus that falls described in use
Method includes the following steps：
(1) collision time is demarcated；The rock-soil material equal with physics model quality to be measured is packed into the model box 4,
Hoist engine 6 is opened, the model box 4 is driven to be moved to design height along the sliding frame 2 with the buffer pocket 3；Disconnect from
Clutch 7, the model box 4 and 3 free falling of the buffer pocket, the spring scale 9 of the acceleration monitoring system read the mould
Flask 4 hits reading when pedestal 1 with the buffer pocket 3；The model box 4 and buffer pocket 3 are of short duration with 1 knockout process of pedestal
Time can be calculated (ignoring air drag influences) according to principle of conservation of energy and momentum theorem by formula (1), (2)；
Wherein, h is the height that model box 4 is promoted；V be model box 4 be promoted to after different height h fall to pedestal 1
Speed when contact；G is acceleration of gravity；M is 10 mass of counterweight of acceleration monitoring system；F is acceleration monitoring system
Spring scale 9 reads maximum value；T is the time of model box 4 and buffer pocket 3 and 1 knockout process of pedestal；
It can establish 4 height of fall h of equal quality model box and collision time t's according to a series of collision time nominal datas
Relation function t=f (H)；
(2) model is established；The ruler of the geotechnical model size simulated on demand and structure scaled down to the model box 4
It is very little to establish model to be tested；
(3) system improving；According to collision time calibrating parameters with design impact acceleration of falling, according to formula (3),
(4) the design hoisting depth H for calculating model to be tested, by the lifting system by equipped with model to be tested model box 4 with
Buffer pocket 3 is promoted to the design height H；
Wherein, adTo design impact acceleration；H is design hoisting depth of the model to be tested in model box 4；V is mould
Flask 4 be promoted to after height H fall to speed when base contacts；G is acceleration of gravity；T is model box 4 and buffer pocket 3
With the time of 1 knockout process of pedestal, determined by the nominal data of step 1；
(4) it falls shock；By the connection between 7 breakage model box 4 of clutch and clutch 7, the model box 4 with it is slow
When rushing 3 free falling of box stopping, the maximum weighted value reading of spring scale 9 in the acceleration monitoring system is read；
(5) data processing；Model to be tested falls after bump test, is fallen by comparison with model to be tested is measured
Hit front and back deformation failure state and test data, Distortion Disciplinarian of the analysis prototype in same boundary conditions state.
It is provided in various natural conditions and the research of physico-mechanical properties and Distortion Disciplinarian under human engineering situation for Rock And Soil
The data of effect are supported and guidance.
Herein, the nouns of locality such as involved front, rear, top, and bottom are to be located in figure with parts in attached drawing and zero
Part mutual position defines, only for the purpose of expressing the technical solution clearly and conveniently.It should be appreciated that the noun of locality
Use should not limit the claimed range of the application.
In the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiment and embodiment herein-above set forth can be combined with each other.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. fall impacting type model test apparatus, characterized in that including buffer pocket, model box, lifting system, acceleration monitoring system
System, the buffer pocket are located at the lower section of the model box, are closely connect with the model box；The lifting system is connected to described
The top of model box moves up and down the model box；The acceleration monitoring system is located at the side of the model box, monitors mould
The acceleration of knockout process and time after flask falls.
2. the impacting type model test apparatus according to claim 1 that falls, characterized in that the buffer pocket is internal fills
The closed hexahedron metal box of the granular granular materials of big density.
3. the impacting type model test apparatus according to claim 1 that falls, characterized in that the model box uses transparent material
Matter, top surface opening, four sides are connect with sealing bottom surface, the adjacent detachable airtight connection in side；The model box with
The buffer pocket junction is equipped with idler wheel.
4. the impacting type model test apparatus according to claim 1 that falls, characterized in that the lifting system includes elevator
Machine, clutch and weighing sensor, the hoist engine are connect with the weighing sensor, clutch successively, the clutch with
The model box connection.
5. the impacting type model test apparatus according to claim 4 that falls, characterized in that further include pedestal and slider box
Frame, the pedestal are fixedly connected with the sliding frame；The hoist engine is fixed on the top of the sliding frame；The idler wheel
It is moved up and down along the sliding frame.
6. the impacting type model test apparatus according to claim 1 that falls, characterized in that the acceleration monitoring system packet
Spring scale and counterweight are included, the spring scale is located on the side of the model box, and the counterweight is connect with the spring scale.
7. the test method for the impacting type model test apparatus that fallen according to claim 1-6 any one of them, characterized in that packet
Include following steps：
(1) collision time is demarcated；The rock-soil material equal with physics model quality to be measured is packed into the model box, by carrying
The system of liter disconnects after model box is promoted to different height from buffer pocket, when the model box, buffer pocket free falling stop,
The reading of the acceleration monitoring system is read, acceleration, the time of shock of falling are calculated；
(2) model is established；The size of the geotechnical model size simulated on demand and structure scaled down to the model box is established
Model to be tested；
(3) system improving；According to collision time calibrating parameters and experimental design acceleration value, the design for calculating model to be tested carries
Model box equipped with model to be tested is promoted to the design height by rise by the lifting system with buffer pocket；
(4) it falls shock；The connection of breakage model box and the clutch of the lifting system, the model box are free with buffer pocket
Fall stopping when, read the reading of the acceleration monitoring system；
(5) data processing；Model to be tested falls after bump test, by comparison with measure model to be tested and fall shock
Front and back deformation failure state, Distortion Disciplinarian of the analysis prototype in same boundary conditions state.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810060677.2A CN108387356B (en) | 2018-01-22 | 2018-01-22 | It falls the test method of impacting type model test apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810060677.2A CN108387356B (en) | 2018-01-22 | 2018-01-22 | It falls the test method of impacting type model test apparatus |
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| CN108387356A true CN108387356A (en) | 2018-08-10 |
| CN108387356B CN108387356B (en) | 2019-11-15 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105004501A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-10-28 | 无锡吉兴汽车声学部件科技有限公司 | Dropping impact test platform |
| CN105675241A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-06-15 | 华测检测认证集团股份有限公司 | Mechanical shock test equipment |
| CN103808485B (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2016-08-17 | 北京理工大学 | Impact experiment apparatus |
| CN106644345A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-10 | 芜湖普威技研有限公司 | Automobile pedal arm impact test device |
| CN206161269U (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-05-10 | 上海青浦电梯配件有限公司 | Buffer drop test device for elevator |
-
2018
- 2018-01-22 CN CN201810060677.2A patent/CN108387356B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103808485B (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2016-08-17 | 北京理工大学 | Impact experiment apparatus |
| CN105004501A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-10-28 | 无锡吉兴汽车声学部件科技有限公司 | Dropping impact test platform |
| CN105675241A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-06-15 | 华测检测认证集团股份有限公司 | Mechanical shock test equipment |
| CN206161269U (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-05-10 | 上海青浦电梯配件有限公司 | Buffer drop test device for elevator |
| CN106644345A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-10 | 芜湖普威技研有限公司 | Automobile pedal arm impact test device |
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| CN108387356B (en) | 2019-11-15 |
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