Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide equipment for thick oil exploitation by utilizing energy-gathering pulse and a using method thereof, so as to solve the technical defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the application provides equipment for heavy oil exploitation by utilizing energy collecting pulse, which comprises an aboveground device and a downhole device, wherein the aboveground device comprises a controller, a power supply and an energy collecting pulse generator, the downhole device comprises an energy collecting pulse release electrode, the power supply is respectively connected with the controller and the energy collecting pulse generator, the energy collecting pulse generator is connected with the energy collecting pulse release electrode through a cable, and the controller is connected with the energy collecting pulse generator through an optical fiber to control the energy collecting pulse generator to generate shock waves for the energy collecting pulse release electrode to release.
Preferably, the downhole device further comprises an energy storage device located between the energy concentrating pulse generator and the energy concentrating pulse releasing electrode to store energy generated by the energy concentrating pulse generator and transmit the stored energy to the energy concentrating pulse releasing electrode for releasing, and the energy storage device is further connected with the controller through an optical fiber.
Preferably, the energy concentrating pulse generator is a Marx generator.
Preferably, the Marx generator is an inductively isolated Marx generator.
Preferably, the power supply is an AC/DC power supply, the output power of the AC/DC power supply is 60KW, and the output voltage is 30KV.
By means of the equipment, the application also provides a method for thick oil exploitation by using the energy-gathering pulse thick oil exploitation equipment, which comprises the following steps:
s1: arranging a controller, a power supply and an energy-collecting pulse generator at an uphole position, and placing an energy-collecting pulse release electrode connected with the energy-collecting pulse generator through a cable into underground thickened oil;
s2: the power supply is started, the energy-collecting pulse generator is controlled to be started through the controller, and energy-collecting pulses are continuously output;
s3: and after the thickened oil becomes thin, the energy-collecting pulse generator is controlled to be closed by the controller.
Preferably, when the energy collecting pulse generator is controlled to be turned on by the controller in the step S2, the energy storage device is also controlled to be turned on by the controller, so that the energy collecting pulse energy is stored in the energy storage device.
Preferably, when the energy accumulating pulse in the energy storage device is full, the energy accumulating pulse generator is turned off through the controller, and the energy storage device is controlled by the controller to transmit energy to the energy accumulating pulse releasing electrode for energy release.
The application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the equipment for exploiting the thick oil by utilizing the energy-gathering pulse provided by the application softens the thick oil and then exploits the thick oil by utilizing the energy-gathering pulse, so that the exploitation efficiency is greatly improved, and the equipment has the characteristics of low exploitation energy consumption, low cost and small environmental pollution.
2. The energy storage device is additionally arranged between the energy-gathering pulse generator and the energy-gathering pulse release electrode, so that the energy generated by the energy-gathering pulse generator can be gathered and then intensively released, and the effect of softening the thickened oil is greatly improved.
The application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the application are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, but the application can be implemented in a number of different ways, which are defined and covered by the claims.
To achieve the above object, the present application provides an apparatus for heavy oil recovery using energy concentrating pulses, referring to fig. 1, comprising an uphole device and a downhole device, the uphole device comprising a controller 2, a power source 1 and an energy concentrating pulse generator 3, the downhole device comprising an energy concentrating pulse releasing electrode 4, the power source 1 being connected to the controller 2 and the energy concentrating pulse generator 3, respectively, the energy concentrating pulse generator 3 being connected to the energy concentrating pulse releasing electrode 4 by a cable, the controller 2 being connected to the energy concentrating pulse generator 3 by an optical fiber to control the energy concentrating pulse generator 3 to generate a shock wave for the energy concentrating pulse releasing electrode 4 to emit.
The device comprises a power supply 1, a controller 2 and an energy gathering pulse generator 3, wherein high energy and high voltage generated by the power supply 1 is transmitted to energy gathering pulse equipment through a cable, and the energy gathering pulse generator 3 gathers energy and then releases the energy through an energy gathering pulse releasing electrode 4. Under the action of high-pressure electric field, the energy-accumulating pulse releasing electrode 4 in thick oil emits electrons and ionizes liquid molecules near the electrode. Electrons emitted by the electrodes and ionized electrons in the liquid are accelerated to ionize more electrons by a strong electric field between the electrodes. A plasma channel is formed in the region where the liquid molecules are ionized. As the ionization region expands, a discharge channel is formed between the electrodes, and the liquid breaks down. After the discharge channel is generated, a discharge current of tens of kiloamperes is generated due to the small discharge resistance. The discharge current heats the liquid around the channel, causing the liquid to vaporize and expand rapidly outward. The rapidly expanding air cavity generates a strong shock wave in the aqueous medium. The shock wave acts on the surrounding medium in the form of impulse or shock pressure according to the discharge current and the discharge time. The method is equivalent to using fluid pulse to impact the oil layer to loosen the oil layer so as to improve the petroleum extraction rate. The shock wave generated by the energy-gathering pulse can generate thousands of times of gravity acceleration, the discharge current excites a transient magnetic field of upper Mo Gaosi around the discharge channel, the changed magnetic field establishes an electric field and thousands of amperes of current in the conductive fluid in the thickened oil, and the strong magnetic field has strong polarization effect on the oil layer medium. The energy-collecting pulse generates plasma (plasma pulse) and acts on the thick oil molecular chain. The plasma pulse technology selects basic hydrocarbon molecules, breaks molecular chains, and makes the hydrocarbon molecules smaller so as to improve the permeability of thick oil through small pores. The controller 2 can adjust the shape, wavelength and amplitude of the energy-gathering pulse, and can be suitable for various conditions of different viscosity of the thickened oil.
Preferably, the downhole device further comprises an energy storage device 5, the energy storage device 5 is located between the energy accumulating pulse generator 3 and the energy accumulating pulse releasing electrode 4 to store energy generated by the energy accumulating pulse generator 3 and transmit the stored energy to the energy accumulating pulse releasing electrode 4 for releasing, and the energy storage device 5 is further connected with the controller 2 through an optical fiber.
Since the thickened oil is located deeper below the bottom layer, a large portion of the energy generated by the energy concentrating pulse generator 3 is consumed by the cable connecting the energy concentrating pulse generator 3 and the energy concentrating pulse discharge electrode 4, and the effect of the energy reaching the energy concentrating pulse discharge electrode 4 on softening the thickened oil may be reduced. Therefore, an energy storage device 5 is arranged between the energy collecting pulse generator 3 and the energy collecting pulse releasing electrode 4, so that energy is firstly collected in the energy storage device 5 and then released through the energy collecting pulse releasing electrode 4. Thereby improving the softening rate of the thickened oil and the exploitation efficiency. The energy accumulator 5 is controlled by the on-well controller 2, can observe the energy storage state in real time, and determines the energy release time and the energy release times according to the flowing condition of the thick oil
Preferably, the energy concentrating pulse generator 3 is a Marx generator.
Preferably, the Marx generator is an inductively isolated Marx generator.
The inductance isolation type Marx generator can greatly reduce the charging time and further reduce the heating requirement of the Marx generator during repeated frequency operation. The charge voltage of the inductively isolated Marx generator needs to be determined according to the maximum voltage value of the cable to prevent the cable from malfunctioning. When a certain margin is considered, the number of stages is set to 3-10, so that the capacitance of each stage is 4.8uF. Therefore, the isolation inductor, the main capacitor and the switch of the inductance-isolation type Marx generator all need to be specially designed.
And (3) calculating isolation inductance: inductance of the single layer spiral tube according to the inductance calculation manual:
where N is the number of turns, D is the diameter of the coil, and Φ is the value that varies with A/D, where A is the length of the coil. Here, d=154 mm, a=240 mm. Then it can be looked up from the table: Φ=4.91, substituting the upper value, the relationship between inductance and number of turns can be obtained, as shown in fig. 2. N is taken as 15 turns. Meanwhile, let the diameter of the wire be d, then the inductance first correction term:
wherein:meanwhile, the second correction term is:
it is a value related to the number of turns, N being 15, j= -0.2857.
In the calculation, if the number of turns N is 15 and the wire diameter d is 1.0mm, the inductance can be obtained:
and (3) selecting a main capacitor:
according to the calculation, the working voltage of the main capacitor is 10kV, the capacitance is 4.8uF, the oil immersed pulse capacitor is selected in consideration of the underground size and the working state, the capacitor is cylindrical, the cross-sectional area of the capacitor is selected according to the underground size, the capacitor extends in the axial direction, and the capacitor capacity requirement is met through a plurality of parallel connection modes. The volume of the relevant capacitor is specially tailored.
The design of the switch:
the design of a switch in the Marx generator is a key for ensuring that the Marx generator can work normally, two switch electrodes are designed, an I-type electrode is adopted in the whole first stage and the second stage of the Marx generator, and a II-type electrode is adopted in the third stage to the tenth stage. The I-type electrode is a field enhanced electrode, the first two stages adopt the field enhanced electrode, the preferential conduction of the first two stages of Marx can be ensured, and the rest 10 stages adopt II-type uniform electrodes, so that the preferential conduction can be effectively avoided, and the Marx can not effectively establish discharge. For the determination of the main gap, the breakdown field intensity needs to be estimated, and the breakdown relation of air or nitrogen under static voltage is as follows:
wherein p is the inflation pressure (0.1 MPa) of the switch, d eff Is the effective distance (cm) of the electrode, and f is the field strength enhancement factor. For a flat electrode: d, d eff /d=1.0, f=1.0. Where d is the distance (cm) between the two electrodes, thus the breakdown voltage U br =E b Xd (kV) is available.
Preferably, the power supply 1 is an AC/DC power supply, the output power of the AC/DC power supply is 60KW, and the output voltage is 30KV.
According to the underground production requirement, the output power of the power supply 1 is 60KW, and the output voltage is 30KV.
By means of the equipment, the application also provides a method for thick oil exploitation by using the energy-gathering pulse thick oil exploitation equipment, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the controller 2, the power supply 1 and the energy accumulating pulse generator 3 are arranged at an uphole position, and the energy accumulating pulse discharging electrode 4 connected with the energy accumulating pulse generator 3 through a cable is put into the thick oil in the well.
S2: the power supply 1 is started, the energy-collecting pulse generator 3 is controlled to be started through the controller 2, and energy-collecting pulses are continuously output.
S3: after the thickened oil becomes thin, the energy-gathering pulse generator 3 is controlled to be turned off by the controller 2.
Preferably, when the controller 2 controls the energy accumulating pulse generator 3 to be turned on in S2, the controller 2 also controls the energy storage device 5 to be turned on, so that energy accumulating pulse energy is stored in the energy storage device 5.
Preferably, when the energy accumulating pulse in the energy storage device 5 is full, the energy accumulating pulse generator 3 is turned off by the controller 2, and the energy storage device 5 is controlled by the controller 2 to transmit the energy to the energy accumulating pulse releasing electrode 4 for energy release.
In order to verify the effect of equipment, the embodiment designs an experimental device which is suitable for ground experiments and used for thick oil exploitation by utilizing energy-gathering pulses. The voltage of the energy-gathering pulse generator is 50kv, and the energy is 300-500J; the output power of the power supply 1 is 20KW, and the output voltage is 30KV. The data measured by the experimental set-up are shown in the following table:
when the temperature and the power of the equipment are increased, the related experimental results are gradually improved, and the softened thick oil can meet the exploitation requirements.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.